Edwards 2-inch magnetron sputtering system


conventional spark plasma sintered sample


Fritsch Pulverisette P-5 high energy planetary ball mill


room temperature, 60 °C, 90 °C, and 120 °C


(Nd 10 Fe 67 B 23 ) 93 Nb 7_nominal composition

low pressure of a protective atmosphere (Ar)


Bio-Logic VMP3 multi-channel potentiostat/galvanostat


Fritsch Pulverisette-7 planetary ball mill


Thomas Swan closecoupled showerhead reactor


(Sr 0.9 La 0.1 ) 3 Ti 2 O 7 /xAg_composition variation


3 K/min up to 850 °C and 1 K/min up to 910 °C


spark plasma sintering/field-assisted sintering

spark plasma sintering/field-assisted sintered sample


semiautomatic single wheel grinder Saphir 550


better than 1 9 10 -7 Torr, 5 9 10 -3 Torr


electric field induced nanostructured sample


p-type 8-inch silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer


Autolab PGSTAT 302N potentiostat/galvanostat


Lu 0.1 Bi 1.9 Te 3-x Se x_composition variation

polytetrafluoroethylene-lined stainless steel autoclave


(Ca 0.2 Sr 0.2 Ba 0.2 Pb 0.2 La 0.2)TiO3_solid state reaction


NaTaO3-Fe_SPS low temperature and sintering


1.38 g for highly defective SnS 2 /HGF and 0.47 g for moderately defective SnS 2 /HGF


1 wt% for both Ni/HPT and Pt/HPT samples and 0.5 wt%/0.5 wt% for the Ni/Pt/HPT sample


bamboo-derived carbon_surface area increase


parallelepipeds (approximately 3 mmx3 mmx14 mm)


810 °C for Sr, 800 °C for Ca, and 750 °C for Ba


Fritsch pulverisette planetary ball mill


activated carbon sulfur composite_loading


1 M LiPF 6 and 0.1 M LiDFOB in a mixture of EC/FEC/EMC/DEC ¼ 2:1:5:2 (wt%)


1200 C (for STF-100 and STF-105) and 1100 C (for STF-90 and STF-95)


2 wt% NaOH relative to NaCo2O4 powder mass


ZnO-ZnO-Fe x O y_double-step ceramic technology


solvothermally synthesized VO2 nanoparticles


seed rod 10 rpm clockwise, feed rod 15 rpm counter-clockwise


SnSe_normal angle pulsed laser deposition


SnSe_80 glancing angle pulsed laser deposition


China-type large volume cubic high-pressure apparatus


high pressure high temperature synthesis


6 × 1200 large volume cubic high-pressure apparatus


SPD 6 × 1200 cubic anvil high-pressure apparatus

high pressure and high temperature synthesis


Ag doped Zn 2 Cu 3 In 3 Te 8_conventional melting-annealing


high purity argon (95%) and hydrogen (5%) gasses


Nd y Fe (86ÀyÀx) B 14 M x_composition variation


[Ni 0.4 Cu 0.2 Zn 0.4 ](Nd x Y x Fe 2-2x )O 4_citrate sol-gel auto-combustion


Mn (No 3 ) 2_Fe(No 3 ) 3_Yb(No 3 ) 3_sol-gel method


cellulose acetate magnesium perchlorate electrolyte_composition variation


SrCo 0:8 Fe 0:2 O 3Àd_solid state reaction


Fe-9.6Si-5.4Al powder pre-coated with a Ni layer_fabricating SMC coatings

room temperature (25 °C), 300 °C, 400 °C and 500 °C


Bi2Ca2Co1.7Ox_attrition milling solid state


Ga-Sn-Zn alloy_sodium addition variation


four-zone vertical resistance-heating furnace


0 (not mixed with nCB), 1, 3, 5 and 10 % weight


0.2 wt% graphene and 0.03 wt% DWNT in DI water containing 0.1 wt% PVP and 1 wt% PEI


Si and Te doped samples_solid state synthesis


80 ml ZrO2 inert atmosphere milling vessel


Bi 1À x Y x Fe 1À y Mn y O 3_simple sol-gel route


ethylene diamine tetraacetic disodium salt


Bi(Co 0.45 Ti 0.45 Fe 0.10 )O 3_solvent-free solid state reaction


Zn 1-(x+y) Ga x In y O_solid-state reaction


ethanol milling media with yttria-stabilized alumina balls


epoxy matrix composite_hybrid reinforcement


(Mn 0.5 Zn 0.5 )[Eu x Nd x Fe 2-2x ]O 4 NSFs_codoping variation

UZ SONO-PULS HD 2070 Ultrasonic Homogenizer


Nd x Yb y Fe 3 CoSb 12_composition variation


Crystalox MCGS5 induction levitation furnace


direct current-induced hot pressed sample


300 °C for sapphire substrates and 600 °C for mica substrates

5.5 nm/min for CaO and 4.5 nm/min for CoO


Ar-H2-5%, Ar-H2-5% and sacrificial carbon powder but not in direct contact with the LSTO green body, and Ar-H2-5% and sacrificial carbon powder bed with the LSTO green body embedded


823 K in 11 min followed by a 2 min dwell, and then heating to 1123 K in 7 min and staying for another 4 min


Lambda Physik Excimer KrF ultraviolet laser

oxygen partial pressure of 5 × 10−6 Torr to 1 × 10−6 Torr


W 40/Ti 10/HfO x 8/Pt 60/Ti 5 (nm)_RRAM_device


Bi-doped Zn 2 Sb 3_magnetron cosputtering


O2/CHF3 gas mixture (gas flow rates of 100/4.3 sccm)

10, 16, 22, 27, and 32 s for 100 nm PS nanospheres, 34, 43, 52, 60, and 70 s for 300 nm PS nanospheres, 55, 66, 75, 85, and 96 s for 600 nm PS nanospheres

O2/CHF3 gas mixture (gas flow rates of 5/45 sccm)


self-propagating high-temperature synthesized sample


Si ++ (100 μm)/ Al 2 O 3 (8 nm) substrate


reflection high-energy electron diffraction


Pb x (Bi 0.5 Sb 1.5 ) 1-x Te 3_powder synthesis


bismuth telluride polymer composite threads_synthesis


oxygen-enriched environment (400 cc/min)


PbFeO3_high-pressure and high-temperature method


Sr 1Àx Ca x TiO 3_carrier concentration variation


Pulverisette 7 premium line planetary ball mill


[(LSMO)n/(PCMO)n/(LSbMO)n]m_laser molecular-beam epitaxy deposition


Bi 1.5 Sb 0.5 Te 3_hierarchical nanopillar arrays


ultra-high vacuum magnetron sputtering system


BOE etchant solution (HF/NH4F = 34.6% / 7.3%)


semi-industrial scale R2R vacuum webcoater


SiO2 (300 nm)/Ti (30 nm)/Au (50 nm) film on Si substrate


cobalt ferrite and nickel oxide_spark plasma sintering


Si0.864Ge0.108Sn0.028_ion implantation and RTA


p-doped (001) single silicon-on-insulator wafer


fabricating by modified Taylor-Ulitovsky method


reduced-pressure Ar atmosphere (-0.03 MPa)


retractable water-cooled copper chilling plate


Planetary Mill PULVERISETTE 5 classic line


phosphoric acid and chromic oxide solution


[(Pr, Nd)1-x (La, Ce)x]2.14 Fe14 B_composition variation


microwave stimulated wet-chemical synthesis


Sr(Nb 0.2 Ti 0.8 )O 3 polycrystalline target


3,6-bis(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(2-hexyldecyl)pyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2 H,5 H)-dione


TiNi1+xSn_microwave reaction-spark plasma sintering


(GeTe)x AgIn y Sb1-y Te2_composition variation


La 0.3 Sr 0.7 Ti 1−x Co x O 3_composition variation


BT 0.95 G 0.05 -MF-0.3_ceramic body_conventional sintering


BT 0.95 G 0.05 -MF-0.3_ceramic body_two-step sintering


puriss., VEB Spurenmetalle Freiberg and 99.999%, Alfa Aesar


yttria-stabilized zirconia milling balls


La0.8Ba0.1Ca0.1MnO3_polymerization complex sol-gel method


porous nitrogen-sulfur co-doped graphene


200 rpm (main disc) and -500 rpm (vessels); 400 rpm (main disc) and -1000 rpm (vessels)


sonication assisted liquid phase exfoliation

sonication assisted liquid phase exfoliated sample


LaBa 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 2 O 5+d_solid-state reaction


LaBa 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 2 O 5+d_membrane preparation


YIG_preferred (100)-oriented single crystals


La 1.2 Sr 0.8-x Ba x InO 4+δ_nitrate-citrate route


Co 0.7 -Zn 0.3 Gd x Fe 2Àx O 4_synthesis


MnFe3O5_high pressure and high temperature solid state synthesis


1450 °C for CM and CMT, 1400 °C for CMF and CMTF


PCS-NS/S_dual-doped porous carbon sphere sulfur composite


Cr intercalated NbSe 2_chemical vapor transport


mono-functionalized CCA_Mg salt synthesis


nitrogen doped (graphene-multiwall carbon nanotube) hybrid structure


silicone polymer composites_composition variation


solution of 33% each of HF, HCl and H2SO4


KxRhO2_self-flux and spontaneous nucleation


Crystalox MCGS5 induction levitation melting system


synthesizing by vertical Bridgman method


selected temperatures between 800 and 1100 °C


Bi2Te3 doped (Pb1−xSnxTe)0.4955Te0.5045_composition variation


epoxy resin MnFe2O4_composition variation


Fe 74 Cu 0.8 Nb 2.7 Si 15.5 B 7_amorphous ribbon preparation


multi-target Ultra High Vacuum confocal sputtering system


Ce 13.8-X Nd X Fe 75.66 Co 4.46 B 5.66 Ga 0.38_core-shell magnet


tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, as a precursor for SiO2)


aqueous dispersion of iron oxide hydroxide nanoparticles


(Fe 78 Nb 8 B 14 ) 1-x Tb x_composition variation


(Hf 0.6 Zr 0.4)1-xMxNiSn0.995Sb0.005_composition variation


outer diameter of 25 mm and inner diameter of 17 mm


Mg 1-x Zn x Fe 2 O 4_composition variation


23 mm outer diameter, 14 mm inner diameter


planetary high-energy ball milling device


(Cr 0.5 Mn 0.5 ) 2 GaC_thin film processing

direct-current magnetron sputtered sample


transverse magnetic field annealed sample


(Nd, Pr)28.5Fe bal Co4Ga0.3B0.9_hot deformation


Cobalt NPs_hydrogen plasma-metal reaction


(Co1-xNix)88 Zr7 B4 Cu1_composition variation

their respective primary crystallization temperatures


ramp time of 33 min, dwell time of 30 min


15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours


IKA RW 20 Digital Dual-Range Mixer System


(001)-oriented PMN-PT single crystal substrate


Nanocrystalline composite ribbons of Nd-Fe-B


300 K (room temperature, RT), 523 K (high temperature, HT)


P base < 2×10 -6 Pa, and Ar pressure was 1.0 Pa for the MgO buffer layer and 0.1 Pa for the others


0.1 M cobalt sulphate, 0.05 M of manganese sulphate, 0.05 M of aluminium sulphate and boric acid 0.05 M


1300 °C for Ga-substituted, and 1000-1300 °C for Y-substituted samples

Fritzsch Pulverisette 6 planetary ball mill


O2 (100 mTorr), O2 + Ar (100 mTorr with a flow rate ratio of O2:Ar = 1:1), O2 + N2 (100 mTorr with a flow rate ratio of O2:N2 = 1:1), vacuum (5 × 10 -6 Torr), Ar (100 mTorr), and N2 (100 mTorr)


(Ba 0.7 Bi 0.3 ) 4 Co 2 Fe 34.8 Zn 1.2 O 60_one-pot chemical method


surfactant-assisted high energy ball milled sample

surfactant-assisted high energy ball milling


Fe 3 O 4 /PMN-PT_multiferroic heterostructure


atmospheric pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition


bulk thermoelectric materials_current-assisted sintering


0.3/3 s injection of BiCl3/Te(SiMe3)2, and 30 s purging


Nd 1-x La x NiO 3_fully epitaxially strained

intermittent radio-frequency off-axis magnetron sputtering


emulsioned organophosphorus acid extractant


Ni 0.5 Zn 0.5 Fe 2 O 4_synthesis parameter variation


pure helium or argon protection atmospheres


wedge-type cubic anvil high-pressure apparatus


1 x La x Ti 1 y Mn z O 3_floating zone method


hard magnetic alloys_composition variation


97 wt.% of NdFeB (NQP-B) and 3 wt.% of rubber; 95 wt.% of NdFeB (NQP-B) and 5 wt.% of rubber; 93 wt.% of NdFeB (NQP-B) and 7 wt.% of rubber; 91 wt.% of NdFeB (NQP-B) and 9 wt.% of rubber


lower than 1×10 -5 mbar and 1×10 -3 mbar


lower than 1×10 -5 mbar and about 1×10 -3 mbar


Nd-24.0, Pr-6.5, Dy-0.5, B-1.0, Al-0.2, Fe-balance_Tb hydride magnet


Nd-24.0, Pr-6.5, Dy-0.5, B-1.0, Al-0.2, Fe-balance_Dy hydride magnet


Ni 0.4 Zn 0.6 Cr 0.5 Fe1.5-x Gdx O4_nanosized_particles

[Gd (No 3 ) 3 .6H 2 O] gadolinium nitrate


outer diameter of 100 mm and inner diameter of 60 mm


750 °C (furnace 1) and 500 °C (furnace 2)


Co/SiO2_soft magnetic electrically insulated nanopowder


NaNO3-CO(NO3)2• 6H2O-citric acid-AgNO3_ceramic slice


NiFe2O4, CoFe2O4_high frequency plasma chemical synthesis


low-pressure chemical vapor depositioned sample


neodymium doped barium hexaferrite_sol-gel auto-combustion method


chalcone_solvent free microwave synthesis


copper ferrite_Cu(CH 3 COO) 2 co-precipitation


high chrome steel die punch and plunger apparatus


zinc acetate dihydrate [Zn(CH3COOH)2 . H2O]


aluminium nitrate nonahydrate [Al(NO3) . 9H2O]


single-crystal yttrium stabilized ZrO2 (111) substrate


argon gas (purity level 99.996 per cent)


28 MPa (initial), 15 MPa for 4 min, 55 MPa over 2 min and held for 15 min

room temperature to 750 °C over 5 min, 800 °C over 1 min and held at 800 °C for 15 min


sulfur-Ketjen black-Lithium cobalt oxide-polyvinylidene fluoride_composite electrode


sulfur-Ketjen black-Super P carbon-polyvinylidene fluoride_control electrode


lithiated cobalt oxide-polyvinylidene fluoride-polyethylene oxide-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide bilayer solid electrolyte


lithiated cobalt oxide-polyvinylidene fluoride-polyethylene oxide-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide-alumina bilayer solid electrolyte


LPS-GPE-sulfur-CNF_composite solid sulfur cathode


radiofrequency magnetron sputtering system

radiofrequency magnetron sputtered sample


H2O2/H2SO4 (volume ratio: 1:4) mixed solution

Lead bis(2,2,6,6tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato) (Pb(C 11 H 19 O 2 ) 2)

(trimethylsilyl) telluride ((Me 3 Si) 2 Te)

(trimethylsilyl) selenide ((Me 3 Si) 2 Se)


SrFe0.75Mo0.25O3-δ_high temperature solid state reaction

Spex Sample-Prep 8000 M planetary ball mill


SrFe0.5Mn0.25Mo0.25O3-δ_high temperature solid state reaction


Nd 16 Fe 76 B 8 + 40 wt.% Fe 65 Co 35_hard magnetic shell/soft magnetic core nanostructure


Zinc acetate dihydrate [Zn(CH3COO)2⋅H2O]

aluminum nitrate nonahydrate [Al(NO3)⋅9H2O]


ethylenediamineteraacetic acid disodium salt


10 mTorr for FePt and Fe, 20 mTorr for C and 8 mTorr for Cu


30 nm for FePt, x nm for M (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 nm), and 5 nm for Fe


atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition


Ni 0.25 Mn 1.25 [Fe(CN) 6 ]⋅6.1H 2 O_coprecipitation


colloidal suspension of the exfoliated BTS


Co 68.6 Fe 3.9 Mo 3.0 Si 12.0 B 12.5_amorphous ribbons


Cole-Palmer ultrasound processor CPX-750


Co 68.6 Fe 3.9 Mo 3.0 Si 12.0 B 12.5_surface modification


(Nd,Pr) 14.9 (Fe,Co) 78.5 T 1.0 B 5.6_composition variation


(Nd,Pr) 16.9 (Fe,Co) 76.6 T 1.0 B 5.5_composition variation


5 K lower than their glass transition temperature Tg


base pressure below 5 × 10^-5 Pa and total pressure of 2.5 Pa


0.55 M in cations (Mn 7+ , Mn 2+ , Ca 2+ , and La 3+ )


ID = 5-10 nm and outer diameter (OD) = 20-30 nm


5, 10, 20, and 40 s spacer; 2 s Mn flux duration; interrupted 300 times; growth rate 0.09 nm/s


40 s Ga shutter; 2 s Mn shutter per period


ethanol solution containing 20% perchloric acid


ITO/PtRh composite film_multilayer structure


20° miscut (001) LaAlO3 single crystal substrate


LaNd doped barium ferrite nanoparticles_ANM


LaNd doped barium ferrite nanoparticles_nitric acid


planetary micro mill Fritsch Pulverisette 7


M-type barium ferrite film_polymer variation


(Fe80 Nb6 B14)1-xTbx_composition variation


various temperatures ranging from 923 K to 1023 K


Fe 80 Nb 6 B 14 q 0.88 Tb 12_pulverization degree variation


Ni/Al multilayer films_thickness variation

quartz crystal microbalance thickness monitor

160 nm and 10 nm, respectively; 0, 10, 30, and 70 nm


(Nd 10 Fe 67 B 23 ) 95 Nb 5_nanocrystalline ribbons


commercially available micron size powders


gas atomized p-type Bi 0.5 Sb 1.5 Te 3 powders


cubic anvil high-pressure apparatus SPD 6 × 1200


China-type large volume cubic high-pressure apparatus (SPD-6×1200)


Cu x Co 1 -x Cr 0.5 Fe 1.5 O 4_powder metallurgy method


Fe 80-x-y Co x Ni y Cu 1 Nb 3 Si 4 B 12_ribbon preparation

Fe 80-x-y Co x Ni y Cu 1 Nb 3 Si 4 B 12 alloy


Ethylene di amine tetra acetic acid (EDTA)


SrSc0.1Co0.9O3-δ_EDTA-citrate complexing sol-gel process


Sm(Co bal Fe 0.125 Cu 0.08 Zr 0.06 ) 7.4_type-A magnet


Sm(Co bal Fe 0.125 Cu 0.08 Zr 0.06 ) 7.4_type-B magnet


stoichiometric Co 38 Ni 35 Al 27 alloy powders


doped bismuth telluride_doping variation

ultrasonically assisted hydrothermal synthesizing


2 min dwell time and 6 min total MW exposure


sodium hydroxide-ethylene glycol solution


lithium metal ribbon_LP30-NH4PF6 immersion


lithium metal ribbon_PC-NH4PF6 immersion


electron beam assisted sputtering system


better than 9 × 10 -6 Torr and 5 × 10 -3 Torr


(iii) S 99% and rGO 1%, (iv) S 90% and rGO 10%


La 0.6 Sr 0.4 MnO 3_solid-state synthesis


argon atmosphere (O2 and moisture <1 ppm)


Bi0.48Sb1.52Te3 + graphene_composition variation


seed rotation of 3 rpm and opposite rotation of 15 rpm


pulsed electrochemically deposited sample


6 mM Sb3+, 3.6 mM HTeO2+, 0.5 M C4H6O4•5H2O, and 1 M HNO3


BaFe12O19_PbO flux concentration variation


p-type Bi 0.5 Sb 1.5 Te 3 zone melted ingot


high purity, Zr-gettered, argon atmosphere


stainless steel micropowder Osprey 17-4PH


(Fe 0.4 Co 0.6 ) 79 Nb 3 B 18_annealing temperature variation

SPG-40B high frequency induction heating equipment

high vacuum single-roller spinning equipment


absolute ethyl alcohol solution of citrate acid


RT to 573 K (5 K/min), to 873 K (1 K/min, dwell 6 h), to 1073 K (1 K/min, dwell 6 h), and to RT (5 K/min)


RT to 1173 K (2 K/min, dwell 24 h), to RT (2 K/min)


RT to 773 K (8 K/min), to 1473 K (2 K/min, dwell 6 h), to 1173 K (10 K/min, dwell 72 h), to RT (2 K/min)


(Hf 0.5 Zr 0.5 ) 1-x Ti x NiSn 0.98 Sb 0.02_composition variation

Vacuum Rapid Solidification Process System


Cu0.07Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3_water atomization and hot pressing


Al 63 Cu 25-x (Au,Pt) x Fe 12_composition variation


Sr 1-α Ti 1-β(1+γ) V β Ni βγ O 3_solid-state


F-201CV-20-RAD-22-V mass flow controller

mixture of pure nitrogen and oxygen gases with different oxygen fractions (100%, 20%, 10%, 1%)


Al 71 Pd 20 (Re 1-x Co x ) 9_composition variation


13 mm outside diameter, 9 mm inside diameter


Ti0.5Zr0.5NiSn(2)_solid state reactions with Ta foil wrapping


La 1-x Ba x ScO 3-δ_citrate-nitrate combustion

PM 100 zirconia-based planetary ball mill


20 mm outer diameter and 16 mm inner diameter


Nd 16.2 Fe bal Co 9.9 Ga 0.5 B 7.5 and Nd 15.0 Fe bal Ga 2.0 B 7.3_synthesis

SG1: V s = 10 m/s, SG2: V s = 20 m/s and SG3: V s = 10 m/s


Martin Christ Alpha 1-2 LD Plus freeze dryer


ramie carbon sulfur composite_melt diffusion


four different temperatures ranging from 500 to 800 °C


Na0.03 Eu0.03 Mn0.03 Pb0.91 Te_annealing duration variation


1:1 molar ratio of total metal nitrates to citric acid


Li 0.3+0.5x Zn 0.4 Zr x Fe 2.3-1.5x O 4_composition variation