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Former police chief Zacharias Chrysostomou urged the public on Monday to trust the force and blamed political parties for many of the problems it faces.
In a written statement, Chrysostomou expressed his sincere condolences to the families of the victims of a serial killer and apologised for any mistakes and omissions the force had committed in investigating earlier missing person cases.
The former chief was dismissed by the president last week.
“I will repeat for the umpteenth time, this country’s political system is not blameless for the problems and distortions shown in the police force,” he said.
It is well known that as with other government departments, the police too have been used by political parties and administrations throughout time to secure employment and promotions for supporters, very often depriving the force of better candidates.
Chrysostomou also repeated that the force lacked the necessary personnel since recruitment had been frozen for five years, leaving it with 600 fewer officers at a time when terrorism and organised crime were on the rise.
He dismissed EU figures showing Cyprus had the most officers per 100,000 inhabitants, arguing that the Cypriot police is tasked with duties and responsibilities handled by separate organisations in other countries.
The former chief said reforms had been carried out in the past five years, including new recruitment criteria to ensure the best candidates were hired.
Officer training and education has also undergone reform and an internal affairs department was also created to fight corruption he said.

domain: sociology


Provision of STD Services in Community Settings After the Loss and Return of State Funding to Support Service Provision: Observations From Select Providers in Massachusetts, 2010 and 2013
Conclusions: Provision of public health by private health care providers may increase concern among some community provision sites about the sustainability of service provision absent external funds, either from the state or from the third-party billing. Resource constraints may be felt across clinic operations. Provision of public health in the for-profit health system involves close consideration of resources, including those: leveraged, used to provide uncompensated care, or available for collection through third-party billing.
[UCT] With more than seven million HIV-infected citizens, South Africa has one of the largest and arguably most successful antiretroviral therapy programmes in the world. Continuous involvement in this programme has the potential to increase the life expectancy of those living with HIV by more than a decade. However, sustaining engagement along the HIV care continuum has proven challenging and there is the risk that many may disengage and be lost to follow-up care.
[New Dawn] Help Educate and Assist Lives (HEAL) Inc., a US-based organization, and its sister organization HEAL Inc., Liberia, are partnering with Orphans Concern-Liberia, the lead orphans advocacy organization to provide relief to orphanages in Liberia.
[New Times] The coronavirus pandemic has struck one of its most pernicious blows to the global health sector with unimaginable consequences.
[This Day] Abuja -The National AIDS and STDs Control Programme (NASCP) has said that the country can make significant progress in reducing the spread of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) by adopting self testing kits.
This study demonstrated that the cobas assay was highly sensitive and specific in all relevant clinical samples for the detection of M. genitalium.
[FrontPageAfrica] Gardnerville -A former secretary general of the University of Liberia's Student Unification Party has identified with several less-fortunate and vulnerable residents of his former community amid the economic challenges created by the COVID-19 pandemic in the Country.
BACKGROUND: Premarital sex can increase the risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in adolescents, and lack of premarital sex can be considered as a reliable policy for STD prevention, which is used by some countries such as Iran. Since the success o...
This study aimed to explore the relationship between short-term exposure to ambient pollutants and daily outpatient visits for HPV infections in China. Data of daily outpatient visits for HPV infections were obtained from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018 (1826 days). Over-dispersed Poisson generalized additive models were applied by adjusting weather conditions and day of the week. We identified a total of 39,746 cases for HPV infections. A 10 μg/m3 increase of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, and NO2 or a 0.1 mg/m3 rise of CO in concurrent day (lag 0) concentrations was related to an elevation of 0.822% (95% Cl: 0.282%,...
Abstract BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Several government agencies are working to achieve the Healthy People 2020 goal of reaching 80% HPV vaccination rates for adolescent males and females in the United States. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article is to identify trends in the knowledge of the U.S. population as related to the understanding of HPV, areas for nurse-patient education, and methods used in other countries that have achieved 80% HPV vaccination rates. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of Health Information National Trends ...
CONCLUSIONS: Adequate information about DDIs and clues about how to manage ART when PLHIV are using illicit drugs could reduce the negative effects of such interactions and improve ART adherence and QoL. PMID: 32448214 [PubMed - in process]


NASA’s Voyager 1 Has Left the Solar SystemSeptember 13th, 2013
NASA’s Voyager 1 Spacecraft left Earth more than 35 years ago and has traveled over 11.7 billion miles. It recently entered the unexpected and as yet unexplained heliosheath depletion region. On Thursday, September 12, NASA officially declared that Voyager 1 has become the first man-made object to leave the solar system (calculating that it officially occurred on August 25, 2012). It is so far away that signals transmitted from Voyager 1 now take about 17 hours to reach NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory back here on Earth and it continues to travel at 38,000 miles per hour.
What an incredible day. Mankind has journeyed beyond the Sun’s reach for the first time in history. Farewell to the little spacecraft that has exceeded all expectations!


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But if we will take time to look at God's way of doing things (and then apply what we learn), His Word then becomes a seed in our heart that has great potential to grow and bear much fruit! Take the widow with the two mites for example. Jesus did something unusual. The scriptures say that He "...sat opposite the treasury and saw how the people put money into the treasury..." (Mark 12:41). Notice that it doesn't say Jesus saw "what" the people put in or "how much" the people put in the treasury. No, it says Jesus simply watched and saw "how" they put money in.
The problem with the world's thinking is that we assume loyalty from the high donors, but we fail to realize who the high donors are. This verse of scripture continues by noting that "...many who were rich put in much." But that wasn't what Jesus took note of. "Then one poor widow came and threw in two mites, which makes a quandrans" (Mark 12:42). History tells us that a mite was a very small copper coin worth a fraction of a penny, so in dollars, this widow put in very little. But Jesus "called His disciples to Himself and said to them, 'Assuredly, I say to you that this poor widow has put in more than all those who have given to the treasury, for they all put in out of their abundance, but she out of her poverty, put in all that she had, her whole livelihood'" (verses 43-44).
In other words, God looks at percentages not amounts! It's almost as if Jesus had the ability to look through their envelope and directly into their heart. The others gave generously but they had the ability to do so. The widow, however, gave more generously because 100% of a dollar is more than 5% of a thousand dollars if you look at it the way God does -- through percentages. Why is that important? Because it is a reflection of your heart. What percentage of your heart does God have? Five percent? Fifty percent? One Hundred percent? Do you now see why percentages are important to God? To judge any other way would make God unfair, and therefore, unholy.
Jesus said the widow "...put in more than all those who have given to the treasury" meaning she put in what was precious to her. Those two mites, in her day, may have been milk for her baby or grain for a week. Therefore, what she put in had a greater value than the rich man who put in a lot but had plenty more where that came from. How do we know this? Because Jesus watched "how" they put their money in. This indicates that Jesus saw something in their face or body language as they gave. The widow may have stood at the treasury momentarily looking at her two mites before she dropped them in, while the others may have been more engrossed in who was paying attention to the amount they were putting in.
In any case, the point is that the value of the widow's offering was set by her and no one else. Because it was precious to her (meaning it was all she had, not that she had a love of money), then it became precious to God too. And when something touches the heart of God, His anointing touches it. That's why Proverbs says, "There is one who scatters, yet increases more..." We must learn to let things go. We say the old cliche that "you can't take it with you" but that's not how we always act. We act as if God and His Word can't be trusted. And don't you know that God sees that when we give? What can He do then? We have tied His hands and lost our blessing. "There is one who withholds more than is right, but it leads to poverty." Why does it lead to poverty? Because 100% of what is yours is limited, while 100% of what we give to God is unlimited! If I keep it for me and my four and no more, it will eventually run out. But if I give it in faith to God and trust His investment plan with it, I have an unlimited heavenly resource to draw from.
But not everybody can handle this. This type of thinking takes faith. When the rich, young ruler asked Jesus what he must do to inherit eternal life, the answer discouraged him. Jesus told him, "One thing you lack; go your way, sell whatever you have and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven..." (Mark 10:21). The rich, young ruler became very sad at this word for he had great possessions. The problem was his lack of faith and understanding. Jesus didn't ask him to become poor. Jesus asked him to sell whatever he had and give to the poor. Like a lot of our young people today, this young ruler probably had something similar to a backpack with an expensive phone in it, a brand-new ipod and keys to a decent car, not considering the designer shoes and clothes he was wearing. Jesus tested his heart when He said, "...sell whatever you have and give to the poor..." The young ruler was sorrowful because he didn't want to let go of his things. He probably still had great possessions at home and "more where that came from" to replace what he sold. He didn't realize that actually, his great possessions had him! He didn't comprehend that God was well able to replace and multiply anything we give in His Name.
"If you help the poor, you are lending to the Lord— and he will repay you" (Proverbs 19:17, New Living Translation)! Remember God is a just and holy God. When He repays, He will repay with interest. You will receive "...exceedingly, abundantly, more than you could ever ask or think..." (Ephesians 3:20). The young ruler didn't understand that giving is proof that you have conquered greed. However, the widow woman did. She trusted in the One who is faithful to His promises. "For all the promises of God in Him are Yes, and in Him Amen, to the glory of God through us" (2 Corinthians 1:20).
The saying is true: if God can get it through you, He can get it to you!

domain: christianity


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Lockdown by Harrdy Sandhu , Neha Bhasin
Song · 744,112 Plays · 4:14 · Hindi
© 2018 Zee Music Company
Listen to Akhiyaan online. Akhiyaan is a Hindi language song and is sung by Harrdy Sandhu and Neha Bhasin. Akhiyaan, from the album Lockdown, was released in the year 2018. The duration of the song is 4:14. Download Hindi songs online from JioSaavn.
4m 14s · Hindi

domain: entertainment


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Dr. Charles Hendrix has been practicing plastic surgery since 2001. Throughout his years in practice, Dr. Hendrix has already performed hundreds of breast reconstruction and breast reduction procedures. He is also a member of the Kansas City Society of Plastic Surgeons and The American Burn Association.
The University of Kansas Hospital 4000 Cambridge St MS 3015
Kansas City, KS 66160

domain: medical


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Swedish Realist Painter, 1853-1919
Swedish painter, illustrator and printmaker. He came from a poor family and studied (1866-76) at the Konstakademi in Stockholm, supporting himself throughout this period. From 1871 to 1878 he contributed illustrations to the comic journal Kaspar and the Ny illustrerad tidning. From 1875, for several decades, he was a prolific book illustrator, his most renowned work in this field being his drawings for Föltskärns beröttelser ('The Barber-surgeon's tales'; pubd 1883-4) by Zacharius Topelius, and the Rococo-inspired watercolours for the Samlade skaldeförsök ('Collected attempts at poetry'; pubd 1884) by the 18th-century Swedish author Anna Maria Lenngren. Related Paintings of Carl Larsson :. | gubben och nyplanteringen | Lisbeth | vallma | November | ragskarningen |
Related Artists:DUYSTER, Willem Cornelisz.
Dutch Baroque Era Painter, 1599-1678Arnold Boonen
Arnold van Boonen was a Dutch eminent portrait painter, was born at Dordrecht, in the Dutch Republic in 1669. He was first a scholar of Arnold Verbius, and was later instructed by Godefried Schalken. He painted genre pictures in the style of the latter, representing subjects by candlelight, but met with such encouragement in portrait painting that he devoted himself almost wholly to that branch of art. His style was well adapted to succeed in it. An excellent oolourist, a faithful designer of his model, and highly skilled, he was soon distinguished as one of the ablest artists of his day. He painted a great number of portraits of the most distinguished people of his time, among whom were Peter the Great, the Elector of Mentz, the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, the Prince and Princess of Orange, the great Duke of Marlborough, and several others. He painted some large pictures for the halls of the different companies at Amsterdam and Dordrecht. He died in 1729.
The Dresden Gallery has seven works by him, and the 'Woman Singing' in the Lille Gallery is also attributed to him. His son, Kasper van Boonen, also painted portraits, but in no way proved himself equal to his father.
John Peter Russell
(16 June 1858 -22 April 1930) was an Australian impressionist painter.
John Peter Russell was born at the Sydney suburb of Darlinghurst, the eldest of four children of John Russell, a Scottish engineer, his wife Charlotte Elizabeth, nee Nicholl, from London. J. P. Russell was a nephew of Sir Peter Nicol Russell. After his father's death J. P. Russell enrolled at the Slade School of Fine Art, University College, London, on 5 January 1881 and studied under Alphonse Legros for three years.Russell then went to Paris to study painting under Fernand Cormon. (His fellow students there included Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec and Émile Bernard.) Russell was a man of means and having married a beautiful Italian, Mariana Antoinetta Matiocco, he settled at Belle Île off the coast of Brittany, where he established an artists' colony. He would have 11 children with Matiocco, of whom six survived.
John Peter Russell: Vincent van Gogh, 1886, Van Gogh Museum, AmsterdamRussell had met Vincent van Gogh in Paris and formed a friendship with him. Van Gogh spoke highly of Russell's work, and after his first summer in Arles in 1888 he sent twelve drawings of his paintings to Russell, to inform him about the progress of his work. Claude Monet often worked with Russell at Belle Île and influenced his style, though it has been said that Monet preferred some of Russell's Belle Île seascapes to his own.

domain: painting


Components and systems for all applications for vacuum technology, ranging from device manufacture through to particle accelerators
Allectra now offers a UHV M12 Feedthrough including UHV compatible connector. For less demanding applications, HV and standard connectors can be used on both sides
Now available from Allectra, Pressure Burst Disks, ultra low versions, which have a bursting pressure of 345-483 MBARG @ 25°C.
CalCube Vacuum Gauge Calibration system with ISO/dis vacuum chamber provides all the resource needed to calibrate vacuum gauges to ISO3567.
XEI Scientific Inc. will feature the new Evactron ES Plasma De-Contaminator at the 18th International Microscopy Congress in Prague, Czech Republic on September 8th-12th, 2014. The new Evactron ES Plasma De-Contaminator is specifically designed for SEM, FIB, x-ray, and high vacuum manufacturers.
Nor-Cal Products, Inc. was incorporated in 1962 and began fabricating stainless steel flanges, fittings, and custom components exclusively for the then emerging vacuum industry.
N-Series vacuum valves are available in both right angle and in-line formats in flanges sizes NW16 to NW50
Allectra co-worked with DECTRIS’ engineering partner ADS to develop in-vacuum X-ray detector for Diamond Light Source, UK
Allectra, with its competence in vacuum feedthrough technology, worked with DECTRIS’ engineering partner ADS to realize the operation of the PILATUS 12M in vacuum at Diamond Light Source, the UK’s national synchrotron science facility.
To be on the cutting edge is the stated goal of the OWIS GmbH, a global leading manufacturer of optical beam handling and positioning systems. Thus, since March 2014 the company provides in collaboration with the software developer CADENAS extensive product records in various formats to download.
McPherson delivers a Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer to Ural Federal University Institute of Physics and Technology for direct optical measurements from 115 to 1800nm
Ural Federal University (UrFU) Institute of Physics and Technology in Yekaterinburg, Russia contracted McPherson (Chelmsford, MA USA), a manufacturer of ultraviolet spectrometers, to provide a VUVAS instrument in support of the UrFU scientific development program.
Challenges, applications and solutions
From September 8th until 12th, visit Allectra at the 13th European Vacuum Conference at Aveiro in Portugal. The scientific programme is being carefully prepared to address hot topics in the field of vacuum science and their applications.
We will be at the European Conference on Surface Science (ECOSS 30) in Antalya, Turkey from September 1st to 5th. Topics include new techniques for the study of surfaces and interfaces, semi-conductor surfaces, and surface studies using synchrotron radiation.


Dixie Hummingbirds in tune with gospel for 78 years
|||Band invokes spirit of New Orleans|
Talk about two for the price of one for gospel fans ...
If The Dirty Dozen Brass Band is arguably the country's premiere New Orleans traditional brass band, The Dixie Hummingbirds is certainly our premiere modern gospel ensemble.
Lauded for its smooth-as-butter harmonies, inspired arrangements and (truth be told) sheer lifespan, the group has a fan club of the inspired that includes Bob Dylan, The Temptations, Stevie Wonder and the late, great Jackie Wilson.
Love Paul Simon's "Loves Me Like A Rock"? Those were soaring, lived-in Hummingbird harmonies holding aloft Simon's delicious 1973 slice of gospel-lite.
Lead singer Ira Tucker, now in his 80s, has been a member for just under seven decades. Tucker was 13 when he joined the decade-old Hummingbirds in 1938, and already considered a second-to-few baritone.
The Hummingbirds bolted from its South Carolina base soon after to seek out gigs up north. From there, its legend grew as it began borrowing from blues, R&B, Cajun, folk and other influences to take gospel in new directions.
Hold that bathroom run until after the Hummingbirds' show-closing duet with The Dirty Dozen Brass Band.


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Along the base of the Tetons is a string of seven glacial lakes; Jackson, Leigh, String, Jenny, Bradley, Taggart and Phelps.. pack a picnic, bring your fishing rod and set out for some peaceful time on the water. For a more adventurous day, paddle across Leigh Lake and hike Mount Moran.
Finally use kitchen string to wrap tightly around the dumpling. and over 200 well-trained teams will paddle across the Meadow Lake, at the Corona Park of the city’s borough of Queens during this.
Lake paddleboard austin paddleboards On String Lake photo, resolution 3000 1993 pixel, Image type JPG, free download and free for commercial use.
paddleboard yoga jupiter paddleboard rental traverse city paddle board rental from Boats Up north: traverse city, Glen Arbor, Lake Leelanau and other surrounding areas . Boats Up North is excited to announce the arrival of our second boat. Summer 2019 is almost here! Plenty of dates still open.. Northern Michigan Paddle Board Rental.Your very first stand up paddle board class! I have no experience with paddle boarding and my friend also had no experience. We both had a great time, the instructors were awesome, informative.used paddleboards for sale wilmington nc Find Boats for Sale in Wilmington, NC on oodle classifieds. join millions of people using Oodle to find unique used boats for sale, fishing boat listings, jetski classifieds, motor boats, power boats, and sailboats.. for sale at Wilmington NC. For more images and information visit the full.cheap inflatable stand up paddleboards
Official website of Wichita Riverfest: nine days of concerts, family fun, river events and more in the heart of downtown Wichita on the Arkansas River.
With two cedar-strip canoes, rigged up with masts and sails, Shute and his family will head out on Saturday on a journey that will take them from downtown Guelph to the Atlantic Ocean. and too wavy.
SUP: Stand up paddle boards are taking off in popularity and the Snake River offers an amazing river to enjoy this sport. One of the best sections for SUPs is from South Park to Astoria Hot Springs. String Lake to Leigh Lake This unique canoeing experience within Grand teton national park is great for a long day or an overnight.
But if you go up on String Lake any nice day, there’s hundreds of them." SUP boards are long surf boards, typically 10-13 feet in length, which people stand on and then use one paddle to.
This construction method produces a light, extremely reliable SUP that's. Cruising on the lake, drifting down stream and of course surfing the local break.
My Surnames. COGNOMI ITALIANI "L": © 2015
Human-powered vessels are permitted on Jackson, Jenny, Phelps, Emma Matilda, Two Ocean, Taggart, Bradley, Bearpaw, Leigh and String lakes. Sailboats, water skiing and windsurfers are allowed only on Jackson Lake. Personal watercraft (PWC) are prohibited on all waters within the park. Stand-up paddle boards (SUPs) require a park permit.
Paddleboarding in String Lake in Jackson Hole, WY.

domain: geography


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Amarante Yasmine March 20, 2021 Worksheets
Your students will find learning easy since they will be able to fill in the word from the available list. Especially when they are still at the formation stages, your students learning will be enhanced a great deal. You can create your own worksheet by following some simple steps. You can be having a template to assist you while creating fonts, shapes of the grid, and many more. You can also choose how your letters will be replaced after your students have completely have filled them to ensure that it’s used for learning purposes again.
Remember that with the so many worksheets available, choose one that is best suited for a certain lesson. Plan what type of worksheet to use for a given day, depending on what you plan to teach. There are many free worksheets available, especially online, but still, the best worksheet is one that you personally draft. This way, you can match the level of difficulty of the activity by the performance level of your own students.
Where to Get a Writing Worksheet – You can avail of any printable writing worksheets from various websites, or you can also opt to download a software program that will enable you to create your very own worksheets for use at home or in school. Writing is considered a life skill and if you want to help your child improve this particular skill, a writing worksheet can definitely assist you. Take the initiative to get one for your child today because this could mean a world of difference for him or her. As a parent, know that at the end of the day, it all boils down to what contributions you have made to ensure your child has a bright future.
Worksheets which are types of free teacher resources also help in creating a puzzle that will go a long way in ensuring that your students refresh their minds. You can opt for a simpler puzzle for the younger students and create a sheet that carries a complex puzzle for the advanced students since their level of reasoning do not match.
Teachers use printable writing paper sheets. They let their students trace the numbers, letters, words, or dots as this is the perfect way for a child to practice the controlled movements of his fingers and wrist. With continued practice or tracing, he will soon be able to write more legibly and clearly.
Learning to Read – Many early reading books use pictures to replace new or difficult words. If your child can recognize a red apple, they will be able to read a sentence with a picture of a red apple in it. Recognizing certain objects by their color as well as their shape helps your child learn how to read.
Tag Cloudfun worksheets for 3rd grade math sites for grade 7 common core math homework help sat math questions mechanical math problems solving linear equations worksheets grade 8 modular arithmetic subtraction module 10 math adding fractions problems worksheet math sites for 2nd grade define number system in math fraction worksheets for kindergarten printable math sheets for kindergarten college algebra practice problems high school math questions adding unlike fractions math multiplication worksheets grade 3 5th grade ela worksheets math homework sheets year 6 two digit addition worksheets

domain: mathematics


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Exploring travel and spirituality: The role of travel in facilitating life purpose and meaning within the lives of individuals
Willson, G. B. (2010). Exploring travel and spirituality: The role of travel in facilitating life purpose and meaning within the lives of individuals (Thesis, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)). University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10289/4030
Permanent Research Commons link: https://hdl.handle.net/10289/4030
This thesis is a phenomenological study of individuals who engaged in tours provided by Hands Up Holidays, a tour operator marketing their travel as ‘spiritual’. Hands Up Holidays views spirituality as being a broader concept than religion and attracts both religious and non-religious individuals who are seeking personally meaningful experiences. With the exception of the religious tourism literature, there is a paucity of research exploring ‘spirituality’ within a tourism framework and, specifically, what role travel plays in the search for meaning and life purpose within the lives of individuals. Spirituality is presented by scholars as conceptually representing every individual’s personal search for meaning in life; in this way, although closely related, it is conceptually different from religion; while every person is argued to be spiritual, only some are religious. The thesis aims to explore spirituality and travel; specifically, the role of travel in facilitating life purpose and meaning in the lives of individuals. To inform this study, the thesis takes a journey through a range of conceptualisations and thinking about spirituality amongst scholars. This journey reveals that each description of spirituality comprises three core constructs, these being that spirituality involves a search for meaning and life purpose, transcendence and connectedness in life. This thesis thus bases its conceptual platform on these three core constructs of spirituality. Through the analysis of 11 in-depth individual research portraits, research participants give their voice within this thesis; in addition to recounting their travel experience with Hands Up Holidays, individuals write themselves into the research in a manner that held significant personal meaning to oneself, such as through sharing one’s reflective stories, photographs and/or diaries. Key research findings were drawn from thematic analysis of each of the 11 in-depth research portraits and from my personal reflections recorded throughout the research process. Four themes arose from thematic analysis. They are titled, ‘spirituality as the essence of being human,’ ‘spirituality experienced subjectively and objectively,’ ‘life-defining moments,’ and ‘search for meaning fuelled by modern frustrations’. Analysis of these themes yielded five main findings. Firstly, each person could be conceptually considered ‘spiritual’; this has ramifications for how ‘spiritual tourism’ is conceptualised. Secondly, individuals do not separate their spirituality from their travel experiences (that is, their travel experiences are filtered through how they derive meaning and purpose in their life); this highlights the need for the travel experience to be explored within the wider context of an individual’s life. Thirdly, an individual’s spirituality is expressed subjectively and objectively. Fourthly, each individual experienced ‘life-defining’ moments, which influenced how one derives life meaning and the personal meaning one imbues onto one’s travel experiences. Fifthly, certain individuals experienced significant frustration with contemporary, primarily Western World issues, that influenced one’s travel motivations and experiences. Future research from different contexts will advance the understanding of the individual traveller that is provided through this thesis. This thesis concludes by purporting that spirituality is a worthwhile lens through which to explore the personal meaning religious and non-religious individuals derive from their travel experiences.
University of Waikato
All items in Research Commons are provided for private study and research purposes and are protected by copyright with all rights reserved unless otherwise indicated.
- Higher Degree Theses

domain: psychology


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Legendary car designer Henrik Fisker said Monday during the ‘Closing bell»From CNBC that Bitcoin is not a sustainable solution. Additionally, CEO and founder Henrik Fisker indicated that the company has no plans to accept Bitcoin (BTC) as payment for its cars.
“It is not environmentally friendly and we would not do that.”
Likewise, Fisker just echoed Tesla CEO Elon Musk that Bitcoin is bad for the environment. Specifically, due to concerns about the use of fossil fuels for Bitcoin mining.
According to the Cambridge Bitcoin Electricity Consumption Index, Bitcoin uses more energy than entire countries like Sweden and Malaysia. In this regard, Henrik Fisker said that such use does not align with the company’s mission to create the most sustainable vehicles in the world.
Henrik Fisker has no plans to accept Bitcoin
Very important, although Fisker did not rule out that the company would ever accept cryptocurrencies. However, he said that is not a focus at this time for the company.
«I don’t think anyone can predict what the currency will be in five years. At this point I don’t really mind what the coin is».
Thinking like Elon Musk?
In a way, Henrik Fisker, the CEO of the California-based company echoed the concerns of Tesla Inc CEO Elon Musk. Particularly on the use of fossil fuels for Bitcoin mining.
In particular, cryptocurrencies have become a major topic of discussion for the automotive industry. All this after Elon Musk’s support for Bitcoin. Specifically, when he said that he would accept Bitcoin as payment for his vehicles.
However, Elon Musk said last week that he had suspended vehicle purchases with Bitcoin, due to concerns about the increasing use of fossil fuels for Bitcoin mining.
«Cryptocurrency is a good idea on many levels. And we believe it has a promising future. But, this cannot come at a great cost to the environment.».
According to the company’s plans, at some point they plan to return to Bitcoin payment. But it will be when the mining processes are more sustainable. In the meantime, they will keep looking for other cryptocurrencies that use less energy.
As a curious fact, SpaceX, Musk’s aerospace company announced last week that it would accept Dogecoin, as payment to launch the “DOGE-1 Mission to the Moon.”
Revealed his new car!
Sure enough, Henrik Fisker officially revealed the Fisker Ocean all-electric luxury crossover at CES 2020 in Las Vegas. But he’s still at least 16 months away from selling his all-electric vehicle called Ocean. Which, deliveries to customers are expected in the fourth quarter of next year, followed by three additional vehicles by 2025.
It will be the debut of a model that is called upon to rival models like the Tesla Model Y or the new Ford Mustang Mach-E.
In closing, do you agree with the decisions of Fisker and Musk, not to accept Bitcoin as payment for their vehicles? Leave your opinion in the comment box.
I retire with this phrase from Margaret Mead: «We will not have a society if we destroy the environment».

domain: economics


Close, full Specifications, category, operating Systems.
Today marks the first time that the application is officially available on iOS.
After about a years time, Ill have somewhere around 60-100 in coins saved.
Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.
Its not every day, but I do papa johns first order discount get surveys often enough to start seeing the savings add.Google Opinion Rewards is now available in the iOS App Store for free.You can use VoiceOver to dictate survey questions and answers.Project Ara s modules should cost, and what.Free, free Google iOS Version.0.6, full Specs.
Not interested in answering a particular survey?
Download the app, navigate to the.


I am so devastated right now.
I created my gig few weeks ago and I have added a gig video.
My gig impressions and views have increased too.
Now, my gig is on the first page but I am still not getting orders.
I really don’t know what the problem really is.
Is it that my gig description is not catchy and compelling?
Or there are errors in them or my profile and gig video don’t look professional?
Please i would like you guys to visit my gig and give suggestions.
May be there is something I am not doing right.


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In the article that follows, you will find an example of stimulus discrimination. In this case, stimulus discrimination is the act of asking a question in order to test its objectivity. Here is how it can be used in the context of stimulus discrimination:
An example of stimulus discrimination can be used in the context of a situation which involves discrimination between a category of things (sound and color) and between different types of things (shape and color)
Say for example that we are speaking about discrimination of color. We have a red car. Now if the red car did not make the sound of its horn as soon as we turned on our automobile, then it would be considered an object, and not a stimuli. In the same way, if the stimulus which was the red car’s presence was not reinforced with a sound or a shape, then it would be considered an unrewarding stimuli.
For our example to be more applicable, we will now use our language examples. Take the following sentence: “The red car did make the sound of its horn last night, but you saw it did not have any paint.” The sentence has a definite instruction, which is that the sound made by the car must be loud enough to be heard by you and that it must be pleasing to your hearing. The stimuli which were the presence of the car and the presence of the stimulus which was the loudness of its sound were both reinforced with the prompt. So, we see that the stimulus control is a very important aspect of language and is indeed present in all languages, irrespective of the natural environment.
An example of an intervention can also be used, which will again be based on the language example
Let’s take the following sentence: “The baby cried after rolling over and four times during the night. We checked and found out that she had fallen asleep in her crib and we took her to her grandparents’ room. After 10 minutes she finally fell asleep on the bed.”
In this example we are using the word “crib” as a place of rest, and “grandparents’ room” as a room where the baby sleeps. The word “crib” is a strong conditioned reinforcer, since you want to go to sleep when you hear it; while the word “grandparents’ room” is not a strong conditioned reinforcer and so it does not require any modifications in behavior. This is how AA is used in the development of behavioral skills. By using AA as a discriminative stimulus, a child will learn to set aside different stimuli which might normally prompt a certain response.
In AA, the child will be reinforced for ignoring negative stimuli (the “crib” example) by receiving positive reinforcement, namely the use of an S-delta phase or another form of classical conditioning. With the use of S-delta phase, the specific salience of the stimulus is changed from its initial strength, into something significantly stronger (like a sound). Phrases like “what happens if I ignore the bad behavior?” or “what happens if I only give attention to the good behavior?”
The final example of discrimination, the unconditioning example, is the most difficult and potentially damaging to children with autism
As the name suggests, this example includes punishing children who exhibit certain behaviors based on previous experience. In this example, the child is not being treated unfairly, rather they are being subjected to prior experience, which precludes them from exhibiting the desired behavior based on that experience. For this reason, it is the last example of stimulus control and the use of classical conditioning as it is not feasible to use AA in this example due to the strong conditioning required for the behavior to occur.
In conclusion, we have presented an example of discrimination in the form of classical conditioning in the context of AA. Specifically, we discussed the role that conditioning and classical conditioning play in this example. We also talked about why conditioning might not work, what types of behavior can be considered as indicative of a particular behavior, and how the use of s-delta can be helpful in regulating these types of non-desired responses. Finally, we discussed how this particular example highlights the need for understanding the development of infants’ brains and how this can help in the treatment of children with autism spectrum disorders.


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NEW YORK (Reuters) – Top U.S. officials were briefed in Apr 2008 on a probability banks were under-reporting their borrowing costs, nonetheless an employee during Barclays lifted concerns with a New York Federal Reserve Bank as early as Aug 2007, papers expelled by a New York Fed on Friday showed.
The New York Fed, a U.S. executive bank’s eyes and ears on Wall Street, pronounced an researcher with a Markets Group was told by an worker during London-based bank Barclays on Apr 11, 2008, that a bank was under-reporting a borrowing costs. The Barclays worker told a New York Fed that he believed other banks were doing a same, a informal Fed bank said.
On a same day, a Markets Group reported on a questions that had been lifted about a correctness of a borrowing cost benchmark — a London interbank offering rate — in a lecture memo for tip officials, it added.
Libor is a tellurian benchmark used for $550 trillion of seductiveness rate derivatives contracts, and it influences rates from mortgages to tyro loans to credit cards.
“In suitability with customary use for lecture records constructed by a Markets Group, this news was circulated to comparison officials during a New York Fed, a Federal Reserve Board of Governors, other Federal Reserve Banks, and U.S. Department of Treasury,” a New York Fed said.
More than a dozen banks, including Citigroup, JPMorgan Chase Co and Deutsche Bank, are underneath review by authorities in Europe, Japan and a United States over suspected paraphernalia of Libor.
Barclays is a usually bank so distant to acknowledge any indiscretion in giving fake information as partial of a formidable routine of environment a interest-rate benchmark, and it concluded in a allotment announced in late Jun to compensate fines of $453 million to U.S. and British authorities.
The New York Fed released a news recover and associated papers that minute discussions on Libor on a website on Friday, in partial to respond to a ask for information from a U.S. lawmaker.
One email to a New York Fed showed that an worker during Barclays had lifted guess that banks were under-reporting their borrowing costs on Aug 28, 2007.
“Today’s USD libors have come out and they demeanour too low to me,” a worker said. “Draw we possess conclusions about because people are going for unrealistically low libors.”
Aug 2007 was a early days of a financial predicament that stretched into 2009. A miss of liquidity in financial markets was putting ceiling vigour on bank borrowing costs, and executive banks, including a Fed, acted to safeguard blurb banks had plenty liquidity.
In a Apr 2008 memo to tip officials, a New York Fed’s Markets Group suggested that Barclays was not a usually bank that might have been stating lower-than-actual borrowing costs to a British Bankers’ Association, a organisation obliged for Libor.
“Our contacts during LIBOR contributing banks have indicated a bent to under-report tangible borrowing costs when stating to a BBA in sequence to extent a intensity for conjecture about a institutions’ liquidity problems,” a memo said.
(Reporting by Jonathan Spicer and Katya Wachtel in New York and Rachelle Younglai in Washington; Writing by Tim Ahmann; Editing by Tim Dobbyn)
Source: Article Source

domain: news


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The days may all be a blur but the weekends are a time to refresh. Save time scrolling and check…
In the middle of the mitten you’ll find Lansing. Michigan’s capital is home to everything from museums to breath-taking parks and offers family fun all year round.
Here are the top things to do when you visit Lansing:
Tour the Capitol Building
No trip to the state capital is complete without a tour of the Capitol Building. See where government functions during a guided tour of public areas including the Rotunda, Gallery of Governors and Senate and House galleries when available. Tours are free and offered every day except Sundays.
Impression 5 Science Center is a dynamic, interactive space for families to play, create, and challenge their understanding of science. The hands-on museum offers dedicated space for the littlest learners and lots of space for everyone interested in building, flying, bubbles and more.
Michigan History Museum
The Michigan History Museum offers a walk through the state’s rich past, from the time of the state’s earliest peoples to the late 20th century. Located in downtown Lansing, the museum features more than 25 galleries of permanent exhibits, special exhibits and a three-story-high topographical map of the state. Free admission is offered on Sundays.
Potter Park Zoo
Potter Park Zoo is a 20 acre zoo within an 80 acre park located in the capital city of Lansing, Michigan. The Zoo is home to over 160 species of animals, many of which are threatened or endangered, including Amur tigers, red pandas, snow leopards, bongos and more.
Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum at MSU
The Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum is dedicated to exploring contemporary culture and ideas through engaging and interactive art exhibits. The museum is free and located on the campus of Michigan State University – making it the perfect excuse to take a college tour.
Hike, Ski, Explore Woldumar
With more than a mile of shoreline, Woldumar maintains over 5 miles of trails on 178 acres of woodland, tall grass prairie, and a pine plantation. Explore the historic buildings at the Nature Center – from Moon Log Cabin to Rotary Barn, there’s lots to see and experience.
Hawk Island offers recreational fun year round. Rowboat and pedal boat rental, a swimming beach and splash parkfishing docks and snow tubing with warming lodge in the winter. Go for a stroll along the 1.5 miles paved walkways.
Family Aquatic Center
If you’re in the city during the summer plan a visit to the East Lansing Family Aquatic Center. The interactive outdoor water facility features water slides, zero-depth pool entry, a splash park and more.
Photo credit: Facebook
About Carrie Budzinski
Carrie Budzinski is the Vice President of LittleGuide Detroit. She grew up in Livonia and Detroit and continues to live life in both cities. Carrie loves exploring the city and finding hidden gems in the suburbs..

domain: travel


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25-year rule—a nonbinding guideline that stipulates that the post-operational orbital life of spacecraft orbiting below 2,000 km be restricted to 25 years.
ablation—the process whereby material is heated, vaporized, and lost from the surface of a projectile that is penetrating Earth’s atmosphere.
absolute magnitude—a measure of the luminosity a meteor would have as observed from a distance of 100 km.
AFI 91-217—Air Force Instruction 91-217 that along with Air Force Instruction 91-202 (U.S. Air Force Mishap Prevention Program) provides guidance for the development of a comprehensive mishap prevention program for current and future space systems, including the minimum risk probability parameters required for safe space operations and testing.
aperture—for instruments that collect electromagnetic radiation, the size of an instrument’s collecting area.
apogee—point in an orbit that is farthest from Earth.
astrodynamics—the study of the motion of human-made objects in space, subject to both natural and artificially induced forces
astronomical unit (AU)—mean distance of Earth from the Sun. Approximately 1.5 × 108 km.
atmospheric drag—resistance in the atmosphere caused when an object interacts with atmospheric particles.
NOTE: The definitions given in this appendix are drawn from such sources as Space Vehicle Design by Griffin and French (American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1991); IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (1991); Traces of catastrophe: A Handbook of Shock-Metamorphic Effects in Terrestrial Meteororite Impact Structures by Bevan French (Lunar and Planetary Institute, 1998); NASA Handbook 8719.14: Handbook for Limiting Orbital Debris; and Guidance on the Treatment of Uncertainties Associated with PRAs in Risk-Informed Decisions Making by Drouin et al; and from material available at sources such as www.nasa.gov, adsabs.harvard.edu, ntrs.nasa.gov, and www.celestrak.com.
ballistic limit—either the combination of geometry and material properties of a target (such as a debris shield) that is necessary to prevent a given impacting particle from perforating it at a specified velocity, or the minimum size of a particle that perforates a given target at a specified velocity, or the velocity beyond which a given particle will perforate a given target.
ballistic limit equation (BLE)—equation defining a curve (often referred to as a ballistic limit curve, or BLC) that is typically plotted in projectile diameter-impact velocity space and is a line of demarcation between those diameter-velocity combinations that result in target perforation and those combinations that do not.
breakup—destructive fragmentation of a space object. Breakups may be either accidental or intentional.
BUMPER—a NASA semi-empirical computer code that calculates the probability of system failure (e.g., spacecraft wall penetration) in light of specific design features.
cataloging—process of detecting, identifying, and determining the discrete orbit of a space object.
characteristic length—the arithmetic mean of the three major mutually perpendicular dimensions of an object.
cis-martian region—the region of space between the orbit of Earth and Mars.
confidence interval—the probability that the true number lies in a set of values.
conjunction—the point of closest approach of two objects.
conjunction (assessment risk) analysis—the process performed for mitigating the risk of an operational satellite colliding with a cataloged object. Known as Conjunction Assessment Risk Analysis (CARA) at NASA/GSFC for robotic spacecraft and conjunction analysis (CA) at JSC for the International Space Station and future U.S. human spacecraft operations.
cross-tagged—indicating a situation in which the observations for two (or more) closely separated objects are associated with the tracks of the other object(s).
damage predictor equation (DPE)—an equation that predicts damage (e.g., hole diameter, crater depth) to system components in terms of an impacting particle’s density, velocity, and angle of impact and the geometric and material properties of the target.
debris—see “orbital debris.”
Debris Assessment Software (DAS)—suite of tools (ORDEM, orbit propagators, and ballistic limit equations) that produces a first-order assessment of the risk of human casualty associated with uncontrolled space vehicle reentries.
decay—natural loss of altitude of a space object, culminating in reentry into Earth’s atmosphere.
deorbit—deliberate, forced reentry of a space object into Earth’s atmosphere by applying a retarding force, usually via a propulsion system.
destructive scattering—for electromagnetic waves that interact, the interference that produces a net decrease in the amplitude of the resultant waves.
electromagnetic pulse (EMP)—a short but intense burst of electromagnetic energy.
electromagnetic scattering—the process of readmitting energy that was removed from a beam of electromagnetic radiation.
electrostatic discharge (ESD)—a transfer of an electrostatic charge; also known as a shock.
emissivity—the ratio of the amount of radiation emitted by an object to the amount emitted by a blackbody at the same temperature.
ephemerides—plural form of ephemeris; a tabulation of computed positions and velocities (and/or various derived quantities such as right ascension and declination) of an orbiting body at specific times.
ESA Master—a European Space Agency space debris and meteoroid environment model that describes the human-made and natural particulate environment of Earth and its incident flux on user-defined target orbits down to an impactor diameter of 1 micron.
Fast Air Target Encounter Penetration (FATEPEN)—a DOD computer program used in aircraft, vehicle, and ship vulnerability assessment.
flux—the number of objects impacting or passing through a unit area per unit time.
fragmentation—process by which an orbiting space object disassociates and produces debris.
Gaussian distribution—a continuous probability distribution that is often used to approximate a set of real, random values clustered around a single mean value.
GEOPROP—GEO propagator. A general-purpose orbital propagator model that includes in its calculations perturbations due to solar and lunar gravity, radiation pressure, and other major geopotentials.
geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO)—see “orbital regions.”
graveyard orbit—an orbit into which spacecraft whose operational life have ended are intentionally placed to reduce the probability of collisions, and which currently includes orbits in two regions: higher than 2,000 km but outside GEO, and higher than GEO.
ground injury effects—potential injurious effects caused by the kinetic energy of a surviving debris object as it strikes the ground. Testing and analysis in support of range safety tests are used to estimate the likely injury on the ground if a person is struck by a piece of reentering debris.
Grün et al. interplanetary flux model (IFM)—an empirical compilation of many data sources that is used as the standard reference for meteoroid flux in near-Earth space.
Haystack—a high-power X-band radar that is a part of the Lincoln Laboratory’s Space Surveillance Complex and a contributing sensor to the U.S. Space Surveillance Network.
“height ceiling” effect—altitude cutoff above which a specular radar cannot detect the trails of objects reentering Earth’s atmosphere.
hypervelocity—relative velocity of two objects that, in general, exceeds the speed of sound in solid materials (about 5 km/s) and results in an impact response that is not dominated by material strength effects.
hypoxia—a reduction in the amount of oxygen reaching tissues in the body.
impact plasma—plasma generated from a meteoroid impact event.
inclination—angle between the orbital plane of a space object and the plane of Earth’s equator.
ionization efficiency—ratio of the number of ions formed to the number of electrons or photons used in an ionization process.
kinetic energy—the energy of motion.
launch collision avoidance (COLA)—the process of actively screening for potential collisions between a launch vehicle and known, tracked, on-orbit objects from liftoff through the end of the launch phase, and subsequently taking action to avoid any unacceptable conjunctions.
legally binding custom—a complex mix of precedent, practice, intent, and opinio juris (general conduct recognized within judicial decisions) within the geopolitical context of a given agreement.
LEO-to-GEO Environment Debris Model (LEGEND)—a NASA statistical, three-dimensional, debris evolutionary model for the study of the long-term debris environment for LEO, HEO, and GEO that provides debris characteristics as functions of time, altitude, longitude, and latitude.
light gas gun—a two-stage projectile launching device that uses a highly compressed light gas (such as hydrogen) to accelerate projectiles to typical speeds of 5-10 km/s under well-controlled conditions.
low Earth orbit (LEO)—see “orbital regions.”
luminous efficiency—fraction of total initial energy converted into visible radiation. It is a measure of the source’s ability to produce visible light.
Manned Spacecraft and Crew Survivability Code (MSCSurv)—a NASA computer code that calculates the probability of a spacecraft loss given a penetration of the crewed habitation modules.
meteor—phenomenon (involving heat, light, ionization) associated with a meteoroid impacting a planetary atmosphere.
meteoroid—small, solid particles orbiting the Sun, formally defined by the International Astronomical Union as being larger than an atom or molecule and smaller than an asteroid.
Meteoroid Environment Model (MEM)—a NASA semi-empirical computer code for estimating the distribution of meteoroid velocity and direction for near-Earth and interplanetary (Mercury to asteroid belt) natural particulates down to 1 µg, to provide flux on spacecraft surfaces.
Meteoroid Environment Office—NASA’s technical lead for defining the meteoroid environment using radar and optical measurements, for performing data analysis, and for developing models that can be used together with tests results from the Hypervelocity Impact Technology Facility at JSC.
microcrater—crater produced on spacecraft surfaces or from rocks on airless solar system bodies on the order of 1 mm in size or smaller.
micrometeoroid—colloquialism for a “small” meteoroid.
mission-related debris—objects dispensed, separated, or released as part of a planned mission.
mission-related object—an object intentionally released from a spacecraft or rocket body during the course of a mission.
Monte Carlo Method—any method that searches for a solution to a problem by generating random numbers using a set of parameters and then determining what percentage of those random numbers possess certain properties.
NASA Technical Standard 8719.14—establishes requirements for (1) limiting the generation of orbital debris, (2) assessing the risk of collision with existing space debris, (3) assessing the potential of space structures to impact the surface of Earth, and (4) assessing and limiting the risk associated with the end of mission of a space object.
“new construction” satellite—a satellite that has features to limit or prevent the creation of orbital debris.
“no explosion” guideline—removing from a space structure at the end of mission stored energy that could result in an explosion or deflagration of the space structure, to preclude generation of new orbital debris after end of mission.
Object Reentry Survival Analysis Tool (ORSAT)—a NASA semi-empirical model for determining survivability of reentering hardware, using a suite of tools that perform trajectory, atmospheric, aerodynamic, thermodynamic, and thermal/ablation physics calculations.
“old construction” satellite—a satellite that does not include features or ways to minimize the creation of orbital debris.
Olympus Satellite—a European Space Agency (ESA) experimental communications satellite that experienced multiple anomalies on August 11, 1993, near the peak of the Perseid meteor shower that year.
orbit—the path taken by an object that revolves around another object. Special orbits include the following:
• highly elliptical orbit—an orbit with an eccentricity of greater than 0.5, including geostationary transfer orbit and the Molniya orbits.
• unbound orbit—an orbit whose energy with respect to the Sun is greater than zero; all such orbits trace out hyperbolas (or in the limiting case of an orbit with e = 0, a parabola) with the Sun at one foci.
orbit conjunction message—a message format that allows communication between government and commercial agencies about spacecraft orbits.
orbital debris—space objects in Earth orbit that are not functional or operational spacecraft, including spent rocket bodies, mission-related objects, fragments from breakups and deterioration, sodium potassium radiator coolant from Russian nuclear-powered spacecraft, and aluminum oxide particles from solid rocket exhaust; such debris can be artificial or natural.
orbital lifetime reduction—acceleration of the natural decay of spacecraft and other space objects’ orbits to reduce the time that they remain in orbit.
orbital regions—space objects travel in a wide variety of orbits at various altitudes. The following are some of the more frequently used orbits:
• circular semisynchronous orbit—circular orbit (such as that used by the Global Positioning System) with a period of about 12 hours. The mean altitude of such an orbit is approximately 20,200 km.
• geostationary Earth orbit—nearly circular orbit with a period of approximately 1,436 minutes and an inclination close to zero degrees. In such an orbit, the satellite maintains a relatively stable position directly above the equator, at a mean altitude of approximately 35,785 km. In practice, “geostationary” satellites exhibit small orbital eccentricities and slight inclinations, resulting in an apparent wobble about a fixed location.
• geostationary transfer orbit (GTO)—elliptical orbit with an apogee around GEO and a perigee in LEO. This orbit is used to transfer spacecraft from LEO to GEO. The rocket bodies used to accomplish this transfer often remain in this orbit after the spacecraft separates and circularizes its orbit using an apogee kick motor.
• geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO)—roughly circular orbit with any inclination and a period of approximately 1,436 minutes.
• high Earth orbit (HEO)—any Earth orbit with a mean altitude greater than 2,000 km.
• low Earth orbit (LEO)—orbit with a mean altitude of less than 2,000 km.
• Molniya orbit—highly elliptical orbit with an inclination of 63.4 degrees (or 116.6 degrees, which has never been used), a period of about 12 hours, apogee above the Northern Hemisphere near geosynchronous altitude, and perigee in the Southern Hemisphere. Molniya orbits have historically been used to provide communications and early-warning services; they are suited to this task because spacecraft in Molniya orbits spend most of their time above the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere.
• Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO)—retrograde LEO orbit in which the orbit plane processes at the same rate Earth revolves around the Sun. A spacecraft in SSO experiences the same ground lighting conditions each day, which can be useful for Earth observation missions.
Orbital Debris Environment Model (ORDEM)—a NASA semi-empirical computer code for environment characterization for current and short-term future (~30 years) debris impact flux down to 10 µm in Earth orbit (LEO and GEO) based on returned samples, remote observations, modeling, and historical changes and trends.
payload—the cargo carried by a vehicle.
perigee—point in an orbit that is closest to Earth.
Poisson consensus model—model that consolidates theory, measurements, and assumptions into an average event rate where Poisson statistics apply. This process requires the integration of various statistical distributions (such as velocity, and angle of impact).
polarization—action whereby waves of electromagnetic radiation are limited to vibrations in specific directions.
power-law distribution—also known as the Pareto distribution, which states that smaller objects or events are more common and larger objects or events are rare.
probabilistic risk assessment (PRA)—a process used to determine the overall risk associated with a particular program or a mission stage by factoring in all known risks, and their corresponding uncertainties, if known.
projectile—an object that is propelled forward by an external force.
PROP3D—Propeller Three Dimensional Analysis. A NASA general-purpose orbital propagator model.
• active protection—steps taken, once a spacecraft is in orbit, to reduce the level of risk to which it is exposed; includes, for example, the elimination of debris in the path of an orbiting spacecraft, the avoidance of collisions and the removal of large objects to eliminate future potential debris-generating events.
• passive protection—steps applied before a spacecraft is launched, including, for example, spacecraft shielding, redundant system design, and orbit selection to lower exposure to particulates.
• operation protection—steps designed to protect a spacecraft against damage from particles that are too large to actively protect against or too small to be seen and avoided; includes intelligent spacecraft attitude profiles, and smart working and living arrangements (e.g., placing astronauts in areas not directly exposed to the particulate flux).
radar cross section (RCS)—a measure of how much radar energy is reflected from an object, usually a function of the absolute size of the target, the target’s material, and the geometry of the encounter.
radar head echo data—data on radar reflection from plasma that forms in the vicinity of meteoroids.
reentry casualty—as defined by NASA (within ORSAT and DAS models), a person who is injured by reentering space hardware; as defined by the European Space Agency, a person who is killed by a reentering object.
remediation—restoration of a contaminated environment by the removal of the contamination (e.g., orbital debris).
remote sensing—the measurement or acquisition of information on some property of an object or phenomenon, by a recording device that is not in physical or intimate contact with the object or phenomenon under study.
reorbit—intentional action to change a space object’s orbit at the end of its operational life. Typically, this process involves putting the space object into an orbit where it is expected to pose a reduced hazard (including both collision and reentry hazards).
risk—the combination of the probability of an event and the consequence of that event.
rocket body—any stage of a launch vehicle (including apogee kick motors) left in Earth orbit at the end of a spacecraft delivery (launch and orbital insertion) sequence.
satellite—a natural or artificial body in orbit around another body, such as a planet.
satellite anomoly—mission-degrading or mission-terminating events affecting on-orbit operational spacecraft.
satellite breakup assessment model (SBRAM)—a NASA computer code used to determine the short-term hazard (hours to days) from a single breakup event and separate from “background risk.”
satellite orbital debris characterization impact test (SOCIT)—a series of hypervelocity tests conducted between 1991 and 1992 by the DOD to simulate the hypervelocity breakup of a payload.
self-propagation—chain reaction resulting in an increase in the amount of orbital debris.
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)—a measurement, in decibels of the strength of a signal compared with the background noise.
size estimation model (SEM)—an algorithm for estimating orbital debris size that relates radar cross section to size.
slag—the remains of the smelting of metallic ore; also produced by solid rocket motors that have aluminum as a fuel source.
“soft law”—a set of rules or guidelines that are not necessarily legally binding but are still legally significant.
solar cycle activity—periodic fluctuations in the energy output of the Sun. High solar output can cause expansion of Earth’s atmosphere.
solar flux—a historical representation of past solar flux component levels (i.e., 10.7 cm wavelength) and predicted future levels of intensity.
solid rocket motor—the part of a spacecraft that produces thrust by burning a solid fuel.
spacecraft—orbiting object designed to perform a specific function or mission (e.g., communications, navigation, or weather forecasting).
spacecraft anomaly—an unexpected or unplanned event or incidence that occurs to a spacecraft.
space fence—a U.S. Air Force tracking system that will replace the Naval Space Surveillance Network and will become part of the Air Force Space Surveillance System; it will be able to detect objects in space down to 5 cm in size.
space object—any object in space, including the natural meteoroid environment, as well as orbiting objects such as individual spacecraft, rocket bodies, fragmentation debris, and mission-related objects.
Space Surveillance Network (SSN)—collection of ground-based radar and electro-optical sensors used by the U.S. Space Command to track and correlate human-made space objects.
Space Surveillance System (SSS)—Russian counterpart of the U.S. Space Surveillance Network.
spallation—phenomenon that occurs when a high-velocity impact causes a stress wave to interact with the free back surface of a thick target and possibly eject material from the rear surface of the target without perforating the target.
special perturbations data—data set of higher accuracy obtained using a force model with higher fidelity than CARA/CA.
specific heat—the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1 degree Celsius.
spectral energy distribution—the power carried by electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength, as a function of wavelength.
specular-scattering radar—a radar capable of specular scattering, indicating that the radar beam lies perpendicular to the axis of the rail, resulting in Fresnel reflections.
specular trail—trail plasma measured when a meteoroid is traveling perpendicular to the line-of-sight of a radar.
sporadic meteoroid—meteoroid not found in a stream. Although such meteoroids do not have a clear common parentage, the sporadic background meteoroid population as detected at Earth shows strong directionality reflecting the general orbital properties of the parent body population.
SSP 30435—Space Station Program Natural Environment Definition for Design; includes the environmental models used to design the space station as they were defined in 1994.
state vector—provides the location, velocity, and future course that an object will take in space using a 3-dimen-sional frame of reference.
stream meteoroid—meteoroid with a common, recent (less than 100,000 years) parentage, resulting in all meteoroids associated with the stream following nearly identical heliocentric orbits.
Standard Breakup Model (SBM)—semi-empirical model that determines the number, mass, velocity, and ballistic coefficient distributions of fragments down to 1 mm produced from a breakup event.
terminal velocity—the constant, maximum speed that a falling object reaches when the downward force of gravity equals the upward force of drag.
trajectory—the path taken by a falling object.
two-line element set (TLE)—a data set made up of two 69-character lines that enables deducing the position and velocity of a satellite when used in collaboration with NORAD’s SGP4/SDP4 orbital model.
uncertainty—lack of knowledge and understanding of the structure of a risk and the connections between the stages of the evolution of a risk.
VAX computer—Virtual Address eXtension computer.
Whipple shield—a type of hypervelocity impact shield used to protect crewed and uncrewed spacecraft from collisions with small particles, typically consisting of two metallic or non-metallic panels placed a small distance apart from each other.
zodiacal light—a dim cone of light produced by scattering of sunlight off interplanetary dust. It can be seen in the night sky above the horizon just before or just after sunset.

domain: astronomy


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Leupold: Mark 5HD 2-10x30, M5C3, ZeroLock, TMRLeupold
The Mark 5HD 2-10x30mm exemplifies military tradition. Created as an evolution of the riflescopes used on the MK12 SPR, this modern optic extends the limits of tactical carbines. A three-turn dial crowns its elevation turret, providing 30 MILs of adjustment in 0.1 MIL increments, and our patented ZeroLock ensures the dial won't move when knocked around. This mid-range scope is as bomb-proof as it gets, but it's also incredibly lightweight and accurate. With its first focal plane reticle, 2-10 magnification range, and side focus, engaging in close-quarters combat is just as easy as identifying threats from a distance.
Built around Leupold’s Professional-Grade Optical System, the Mark 5HD offers unmatched light transmission that’s designed to outperform in the most challenging lighting conditions. Its industry-leading glare reduction provides a clear image in harsh, direct light, while the resolution and clarity will meet the demands of any professional guide or shooter. Ergonomically designed with more tactile and audible click adjustments, larger numbers, and a high-speed throw lever, the Mark 5HD is built to put accurate fire downrange faster.
The unique combination of features, durability, and professional-grade optical performance guarantees that the Mark 5HD can handle any challenge you throw at it. It's 100% waterproof and fog proof, and like all Leupold® riflescopes, it's designed, machined, and assembled in the USA and guaranteed to perform for life.
- 5:1 Zoom Ratio: A versatile 5:1 zoom ratio gives you 5 times more magnification at high power than at low power (model magnification ranges may be available in powers of 5x: 1-5, 2-10, 3-15, 4-20, etc.), so you can adjust your magnification to find the perfect balance between magnification and field of view for any situation. The larger the zoom ratio, the more versatile one scope can be.
- Professional-Grade Optical System: Leupold’s Professional-Grade Optical System offers unmatched light transmission that’s designed to outperform in the most challenging lighting conditions, industry-leading glare reduction for a clear image in harsh, direct light, and the resolution and clarity that professional guides and shooters demand in the field.
- First Focal Plane: In First Focal Plane (front focal plane) scopes, the reticle grows and shrinks at the same rate as the target when you adjust the magnification. This allows you to accurately use the reticle feature at any magnification setting. These reticles are ideal in tactical situations but can also aid in range estimation for hunters and target shooters.
- Custom Dial Compatible: Leupold's Custom Dial System® (CDS®) gives you the ability to customize your turret (adjustment dial) to your exact ballistics and environmental conditions. Once your new custom dial is installed, simply range the target, turn the dial to that number, and aim dead on.
- Lightweight Aluminum Housing: Aluminum offers excellent durability and ruggedness without adding unnecessary weight.
- Zero Lock Dial: The ZeroLock® system eliminates accidental dial movement by locking it in place.
- Zero Stop: The ZeroStop system creates a backstop when returning the dial back to zero, so you don't accidently turn the dial a full revolution in the wrong direction.
- Side Focus: The side focus adjusts the scope's parallax, making the reticle clearer and have less perceived movement when you're shooting at different distances.
- Removable Throw Lever: The removable, low-profile throw lever makes changing magnifications quick and easy. It includes a thread protector plug to use when the lever is removed.
- Waterproof, Fogproof & Shockproof: Leupold pioneered modern waterproof and fogproof technology using advanced internal gasses and sealing methods that withstand extreme temperatures, elevation changes, and shocks, so the internals of the optics stay moisture free and crystal clear for life.
- Magnification: 2x - 10x
- Focal Plane: First
- Tube Diameter: 35mm
- Objective Lense Diameter: 30mm
- Eye Relief: 3.6 - 3.7 in.
- Minimum Parallax-Free Distance: 40 yds
- Field of View @ 100 yards: 2x/52.9ft, 10x/10.5ft
- Elevation Adjustment Range: 48 MRAD/165 MOA
- Windage Adjustment Range: 23 MRAD/80 MOA
- Travel Per Rotation: 30 MRAD
- Click Value: 0.1 MRAD or .25 MOA
- Reticle: TMR (MK)
- Reticle Illumination: No
- Turret: ZeroLock
- Length: 11.2 in.
- Weight: 24 oz.
- Max Magnification:
- Reticle Position:
- First Focal Plane


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Chrysostom: Homilies on First and Second Corinthians
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Beautiful preaching, only rarely venturing into anything objectionable. Can certainly see why Chrysostom is beloved by those who love the Bible in general, and the Reformers and expository preachers especially.
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Here is the Valentines Day picture of the engaged couple Nikhil Siddhartha and Pallavi Varma. Nikhil, who is busy toning up his body for his next Karthikeya 2 which will go onto the floors very soon, has taken out his lady love for a beautiful dinner on Valentines Day. It is a sudden surprise from Nikhil to the bride-to-be who took her out on lover’s day. His romantic act did won his lady love Pallavi’s heart. Sharing the picture on his Instagram, Nikhil wrote, “Happy Valentines Day to all of You from Us Both #NikPal” (sic). Looks like, #NikPal is the hashtag that is gonna be used for the wedding of love birds Nikhil Siddhartha and Pallavi Varma.
Meanwhile, we hear that the couple is planning for wedding shopping. With just 60 days left for the grand gala wedding, preparations are in full swing. The Arjun Suravaram actor is planning to throw a pre-wedding bash to his closed ones. A lavish Sangeet ceremony followed by traditional wedding is in store for #NikPal. The couple will tie the nuptial knot on April 16th night in Hyderabad with who’s who of film and political guests.
On work front, Karthikeya 2 is all set ready to hit the floors. The film directed by Chandoo Mondeti, of Karthikeya and Premam fame, will see Anupama Parameswaran as female lead and Colours Swathi in an interesting role. The makers are all set to reveal a surprise 40 seconds glimpse of Karthikeya 2 in a couple of days to announce the film’s formal launch and muhurat, followed by continuous shoot. Nikhil’s up next film includes with Kumari 21F director Palnati Surya Pratap which has director Sukumar’s story, screenplay and Bunny Vas producing it and presented by Allu Aravind.
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Ginther throws perfect game in Lady Dutch win over Ridgway
St. Marys softball pitcher Rachel Ginther had a perfect start to her season. Ginther threw a perfect game against the Lady Elkers in an 18-0, 5-inning win over Ridgway Friday afternoon at Francis S. Grandinetti Elementary School. Ginther struck out 11 of the 15 batters she faced and had a stretch of five strikeouts in a row from the second until the fourth innings. "With Rachel throwing a perfect game, you can't ask for much more," St. Marys coach Manny Gerarge said. "It's a good way to start the season."Offensively, the Lady Dutch blew the game open with a 7-run second inning. Already ahead 1-0, the inning started as Mia Keener and Raelyn Cunningham reached on walks. After a groundout, Taylor Bellina hit a slow roller down the first base line and was able to beat out the throw to score Keener. Another infield hit from Savanah Krivonyak scored Cunningham to up the lead to 3-0. After a walk from Erica Sorg, Kali Quagliani hit a sacrifice fly which scored Bellina and also Krivonyak on a Ridgway throwing error to third. Ginther then singled home Sorg for another run for the Lady Dutch and Hayley McGowan hit a 2-run home run over the left field fence which also plated courtesy runner Ashlee Johnston. "We only got one run in the first inning, we came out a little slow and then the girls started getting the bats going," coach Gerarge said. "We were able to capitalize on a few mistakes on their side. Hayley McGowan had a big home run there." St. Marys added another run in the third inning as Cassie Wonderling singled and later scored on a single from Krivonyak to put the Lady Dutch ahead 9-0. "That's a tough game to start with," Ridgway coach Gary Gerber II said. "We started out only giving up one run in the first inning. They came back with seven in the second inning. I think that took a lot out of our girls, I think. They can learn from that. They can't put themselves down. They did come back with only giving up one run the next inning."The Lady Dutch then proceeded to add five runs in the fourth inning. Sorg and Quagliani walked and both scored on a Ginther single. McGowan walked and Keener singled to score Johnston for St. Marys' 12th run. Courtney Bankovich would later draw a walk after St. Marys made two outs at the plate. Bankovich's walk would load the bases and Krivonyak would then garner an RBI the hard way as she was hit by a pitch, plating Keener. Sorg walked which scored Amber Gerarge. Gerber II said cutting down on the walks will be important as the season moves forward. "Work on throwing strikes, I think that will be the key to staying in these games," Gerber II said. "You can't put people on against the better teams in the district. Giving up runs and trying to catch up to their pitcher was impossible basically." St. Marys scored four more times in the fifth. Andria Copelli and McGowan started the inning with singles. After a strikeout, Cunningham singled home Copelli. Kelsey Fritz reached on an error to score McGowan. Sorg would single home Cunningham and Quagliani walked which plated Fritz for the Lady Dutch's 18th run. Sorg led off the game by being hit by a pitch. She stole second and got to third on a wild pitch before scoring on a Quagliani sacrifice fly. Ginther and Krivonyak led St. Marys with three RBI while Quagliani and McGowan each had a pair of RBI. St. Marys finished with 13 hits. Krivonyak, Ginther and McGowan each had two hits to lead the Lady Dutch. Ridgway (0-1) is scheduled to play at Kane Tuesday for a 4:15 p.m. start. St. Marys (1-0) is scheduled to host DuBois at 4:15 p.m. Monday. "I told the girls to enjoy this victory and then we've got a big game on Monday against DuBois," coach Gerarge said. "DuBois is always tough."


text:
Chinese snuff bottle carved from turquoise mottled with natural dark brown veining. The front is carved in relief with a cat staring intently upwards at a nearby flying insect, surrounded by flora. The reverse is carved in relief with a bird perched on a flowering tree branch. The turquoise lidded stopper carved with lingzhi mushroom motif.
Dimensions: 2″ W x 1″ D x 2 7/8″ H

domain: artistic


text:
How Brown can solve the problems Blair has left behind
IF Gordon Brown chooses to maintain the course set by Tony Blair, he will, according to the think tank Reform, preside over "slower growth and deeper social division".
What should Brown do to prevent this? The Sunday Times and Reform, whose report Key Policy Lessons of the Blair Years will be published this week, suggest:
Decentralise the NHS: Brown has talked about an independent board for the health service. That implies central direction. Primary care trusts should be given responsibility for securing the best care for patients regardless of provider. This has proved itself in Scandinavia.
Allow real choice in schools: Brown has signed up to the city academies but remains wary of choice. School funding should follow the pupil. Independent schools that can compete

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These both are cooling mechanisms. One uses oil to cool whereas other uses some kind of water-based coolant. What are advantages and disadvantages of both in both technical and ownership point of view? What to choose while buying?
1cooling for what? Oil cooling is much more stable than water-glycol systems but costs more.– MoabAug 3, 2016 at 20:09
For a motorcycle engine. And also for a car, if I were ever offered to choose between the two.– BraveNinjaAug 3, 2016 at 20:12
I mean the coolant generally used in cars (the green color liquid) vs oil cooling.– BraveNinjaAug 3, 2016 at 20:37
1This question doesn't make much sense to me. Automotive engines use oil, whether it's "liquid" cooled or not. Cooling is just one of the jobs of oil. Some of the other things it does is reduce friction, lubricate, and clean. I've not heard of oil being used in place of a water-antifreeze based coolant.– Pᴀᴜʟsᴛᴇʀ2 ♦Aug 3, 2016 at 21:25
2The implication is water cooled vs. oil cooled IMO. It seems to me there is a very clear distinction.– DucatiKillerAug 3, 2016 at 21:35
Oil Cooled and Water Cooled are terms used by Manufacturer's to differentiate the slight difference between the cooling systems.
Note that this is specific to only motorcycles as almost all of the cars and larger automobiles have moved to Water cooling(Explained below)
Technically , An oil cooled engine is predominantly air cooled with oil cooling assistance, the majority of the heat transfer is through the fins on the cylinder block.
Oil Cooling system is generally used for small capacity motorcycles where the engine oil is circulated via an oil pump into a tiny radiator with a fan and back to the sump.
Above is an example of a 200CC oil cooled engine.Notice the two tiny tubes connected to a small strip of radiator with a tiny fan at the top.
Now this is the most familiar version of engine cooling technology where a mixture of coolant solution is run through the engine on to a Radiator and back to the reservoir. Almost all cars and modern high capacity motorcycles use this technology as this dissipates heat MUCH more efficiently.
Above is a Water cooled engine where you can see there are two noticeable differences , NO Fins on the cylinder head and a Much Bigger Radiator with massive pipes connecting to the cylinder block.
Advantages and Disadvantages:
The only instance where a manufacturer will use a Oil/Air cooled tech is:
- To cut down Manufacturing and selling cost of the motorcycle while providing noticeable cooling since motorcycles under 200 CC are generally commuter motorcycles with relatively low compression ratio thus not requiring bespoke Water cooling because they hardly get hot enough to cause damage to engine.They don't even have temp gauges
- Low maintenance/Rugged Engine since the oil/air cooled engine requires almost no separate maintenance like regulating coolant level etc and smaller radiator means lesser worrying about debris damaging the radiator.Just change engine oil and oil filter and you are basically good to go.
What to choose between the two?
I don't think there will be an option to choose from a Water cooled engine and an Oil/Air cooled option for the same engine.(I am not 100% sure but that just doesn't make sense).
- Oil/Air cooled engines are low cost to buy and maintaine.
- Almost 0 special maintenance required.
- water cooling gives you better hear transfer and keeps engine in peak performance all the time but require separate maintenance.
Oil cooling is a term used by manufactures for Oil Assisted Air cooled engines, provides inferior cooling effect but is more than enough for small capacity engines.
Couldn't you also say that technically a water-cooled engine is predominantly air cooled with water assistance? It's the air through the radiator that is the ultimate destination for the heat. The coolant just transfers the heat from the engine to the radiator. The weirdly named "radiator" relies more on convection than radiation.– Jason CAug 4, 2016 at 14:45
The entire topic is a mismatch between technical terms and marketing terms. Firstly Air cooled engine also has engine oil which obviously is used to maintain engine temperature. Oil cooled as rightly said by @Shobin assists in cooling using the radiator. I think Water cooled can be also categorized as air cooled with water assitance (technically). Aug 4, 2016 at 15:04
I am assuming that by cooling you are referring as to which Engine cooling systems are better in particular scenarios...
Oil-cooled: Traditional Oil-cooled engines are most commonly found in passenger commuter motorcycles which are usually anywhere between 50cc to 500cc (some sophisticated models have liquid cooled engines as well). The system uses the already present engine oil as a source for cooling the engine. It is generally supported by radiator-type fins (which one can see attached to such engines, typically on a motorcycle)
Liquid-cooling: Most common on passenger cars and motorcycles as well. Include a separate coolant as the basis to reduce engine temperature via a series of Radiator assembly components - grille, pipes, fins and majorly a rotating electric fan.
Uses of one over another:
A1. Oil-cooled engines have Compact design, since there is no requirement of additional components like radiator-fan assemblies in liquid cooled ones.
A2. Oil having a higher boiling point, can fight against high temperature evaporation as opposed to coolant (or water cooling the engine in adverse times).
A3. Oil doesn't cause rust and acts as an insulator against electric sparks or something.
A4. Traditionally, oil and air-cooling were preferred in extreme applications like military where there is a possibility of damage to liquid-cooling system components.
B1. Liquid-cooling is preferred specially for efficiency since liquids work better than air for heat exchange as per physics.
B2. Works favorably better for high performance and race-oriented cars.
B3. Oil may degrade and leave residues overtime and relying only on one source of something is disadvantageous as opposed to having dedicated cooling systems.
B4. Finally, oil has chances of lighting up if spillage or leakage occurs due to the hot engine temperature and water is readily available in the event your coolant wears/leaks off, etc.
Very nice answer! Welcome to the site. Cheers! Aug 3, 2016 at 21:43
1Thanks @DucatiKiller... it is due to folks like you that the social community thrives...– Jay VyasAug 3, 2016 at 21:46
Thanks @jayvyas we have a pretty good chat room on the site as well. Stop by and say hey sometime. chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/340/the-pitstop Aug 3, 2016 at 22:11
Welcome @JayVyas to the community. Well, do you mean that liquid cooling means we have predominantly water along with some chemicals? Aug 3, 2016 at 22:18
@user3065750 Yes, most common engine coolants, including the ones we use in modern cars, use a mixture of water with an agent we know as Antifreeze (predominantly ethylene glycol, historically methanol). This article on wikipedia will shed light on the contents of Antifreeze traditionally and in recent times - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifreeze– Jay VyasAug 3, 2016 at 23:02


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Ready to take your songs to the next level? Together we'll make your tracks groove like never before! As a live/session drummer, songwriter and vocalist with more than 20 years of experience I've been fortunate enough to collaborate and tour with artists across Europe, US, Canada and Australia.
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"Andrew works quickly and communicates well to finish your job. He sent over test masters quickly and even gave me a couple of different ones, which went a long way in my decision to hire him. He did an excellent job,..."
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"Very Professional had no problems making adjustments to the mix. Mike delivered me a high quality mix that sounds big and vocals are crisp and clear. I will definitely use Mike for my next project!"
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"I'm very happy with the result of work of Eric Greedy, his mixing and mastering process gave life and strength to my music, at the same time sounding professional and nice. I recommend Eric without doubt! "
"Dan did a stellar job. actually did more than i had expected him to. awesome."