text:
Tessa Therapeutics is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company with the scientific vision of revolutionizing the treatment of cancer by redirecting the body’s potent anti-viral immune response to recognize and kill cancer cells. Tessa’s core virus-specific T Cell (VST) platform has shown compelling results in the treatment of solid tumors, and the company is building a portfolio of therapies addressing a wide range of tumors by combining the qualities of its T cell platform with complementary technologies. Tessa’s lead Phase III trial for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the world’s largest Phase III T cell immunotherapy trial for any cancer indication. The company has built up robust operational and supply chain capabilities to successfully deliver autologous T cell therapy treatments to a large patient pool across five countries. The combination of technologies from its academic, clinical, and commercial research partners have enabled the company to create a fully-integrated approach to the treatment of cancer with immunotherapy.
Our mission is to cure cancers and save lives with our innovative and widely accessible immunotherapies.
We are looking for highly motivated and enthusiastic individuals who are interested to be part of our team.
Senior Specialist, Clinical Applications
- Oversee product related operations conducted by clinical trial sites to ensure products are properly administered during bedside application (subject visits scheduling, immunotherapy clinical workflow, infusion logistics etc.)
- Provide site qualification, training and evaluation at trial sites within US to ensure Tessa’s products are delivered efficiently to patients.
- A subject matter expert representing end users and collaborate with internal stakeholders to enhance understanding of the product portfolio and user experience.
- Independently support and troubleshoot immunotherapy related issues and escalations
- Oversee inventory and management of Infusion related equipment and ancillaries provided to all sites including sourcing, assembly and distribution of items.
- Review, update and manage protocol and Instruction manuals periodically to ensure smooth flow of trial operations
- Timely Maintenance of study related documents for all activities undertaken
- Bachelor degree in Biomedical Sciences or any related field with at least 5 years of relevant working experience in the biotechnology / pharmaceutical or clinical research industry.
- Site Experience / Nursing Background is advantageous
- Proficient in Microsoft office such as Microsoft Power Point and Excel.
- Candidates from New Jersey / East Coast is preferred
- Able to work independently and remotely, Global experience is preferred.
- Possess an analytical mind, meticulous, and organized in his/her work.
- Possess good problem-solving skills and able to think logically under pressure.
- Good communication skill and able deliver effective training
- Travel up to 50% is required

domain: health


The danger of nuclear terrorism and ways to thwart it, tackle it and manage it in the event of an attack is increasingly gaining the attention of nuclear analysts all over the world. There is rising awareness among nuclear experts to develop mechanisms to prevent, deter and deal with the threat of nuclear terrorism. Nuclear specialists are seeking to develop and improve the science of nuclear forensics so as to provide faster analysis during a crisis. Nuclear forensics can play an important role in detecting illicit nuclear materials to counter trafficking in nuclear and radiological materials. An effective nuclear forensic and attribution strategy can enable policy makers, decision makers and technical managers to respond to situations involving interception of special nuclear materials.


Progress on Fuel Receiving and Storage Decontamination Work at the West Valley Demonstration Project [electronic resource].
- Oak Ridge, Tenn. : Distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2003.
- Physical Description:
- 8 pages : digital, PDF file
- Additional Creators:
- United States. Department of Energy and United States. Department of Energy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information
- Restrictions on Access:
- Free-to-read Unrestricted online access
- The West Valley Demonstration Project (WVDP) removed the last of its spent nuclear fuel assemblies from an on-site storage pool last year and is now decontaminating its Fuel Receiving and Storage (FRS) Facility. The decontamination project will reduce the long-lived curie inventory, associated radiological hazards, and the operational costs associated with the maintenance of this facility. Workers at the WVDP conducted the first phase of the FRS decontamination project in late 2001 by removing 149 canisters that previously contained spent fuel assemblies from the pool. Removal of the canisters from the pool paved the way for nuclear divers to begin removing canister storage racks and other miscellaneous material from the FRS pool in February 2002. This was only the third time in the history of the WVDP that nuclear divers were used to perform underwater work. After decontaminating the pool, it will be drained slowly until all of the water is removed. The water will be processed through an ion exchanger to remove radioactive contaminants as it is being drained, and a fixative will be applied to the walls above the water surface to secure residual contamination.
- Report Numbers:
- E 1.99:827122
- Other Subject(s):
- Published through SciTech Connect.
Waste Management 2003 Symposium, Tucson, AZ (US), 02/23/2003--02/27/2003.
Moore, H. R.; Jablonski, J. F.; Al-Daouk, A. M.
West Valley Nuclear Services Company
View MARC record | catkey: 14412107


text: My hon. Friend is right to focus on how we can broaden both the network of diplomatic pressure on Iran and, in a sense, the support for Iraq, the United States and other countries engaged in this area. If I remember rightly, Iran used to have remarkable links with Japan, for example. We are exploring all the possible levers. With my colleagues in the Foreign Office and, indeed, at No. 10, including the Prime Minister, we are working as broadly and as fast as we can to find a way, using diplomacy through people with good access to the very heart of the Iranian Government, to reach a place where we can persuade the Iranians that retaliation is not in their best interest while, at the same time, offering them a way out so that we can get back to a more stable middle east.

domain: politics


text:
GOD'S BLESSINGS FROM
TRUSTING IN HIM.
1. He will keep you in perfect peace. "Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace, whose mind is stayed on thee: because he trusteth in thee." (Isaiah 26:3)
2. He will give you contentment and peace.
3. He will remove the fear and worry of life.
4. He will give joy to all temporal and spiritual blessings.
No services this Sunday
Ebenezer Baptist Church
Thank you for visiting our website.
Ebenezer Baptist Church is a rural church with a desire to serve a Great God. In this world of uncertainty, God's promises as found in His Word are steadfast. He still speaks to the hurting, lonely, and seeking heart. If you are longing to know God or looking for a church home, I invite you to be our guest. A warm, friendly welcome awaits you!
Isaiah 53:12 (KJV)
Therefore will I divide him [a portion] with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.
Click here to read more!
Likewise, ye younger, submit yourselves unto the elder. Yea, all of you be subject one to another, and be clothed with humility: for God resisteth the proud, and giveth grace to the humble.
Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of God, that he may exalt you in due time:
Casting all your care upon him; for he careth for you.
Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour:
Whom resist stedfast in the faith, knowing that the same afflictions are accomplished in your brethren that are in the world.
But the God of all grace, who hath called us unto his eternal glory by Christ Jesus, after that ye have suffered a while, make you perfect, stablish, strengthen, settle you.
Corrie ten Boom
"Never be afraid to trust an unknown future to a known God."

domain: christianity


text:
Baby Boy Names
The name Gauguin is a boy's name . Gauguin and is often added to lists like Creative Baby Names: Inspired by Artists and discussed in our forums with posts like "LGBT+ Legacy Game Round 7".
From the experts:
We've heard artists' surnames MONET and MANET used as first names, and so, even though it's a bit of a stretch, the family name of the great post-Impressionist painter Paul Gauguin (go-GAN) could be a possibility.

domain: painting


text:
B&m European Value Retail S.a. Ord 10P (Di) is listed on the London Stock Exchange trading with ticker code BME.L, and is part of the Retailers sector. It has a market capitalisation of £327,584m, with approximately 1,001m shares in issue. Over the last year, B&m European Value Retail S.a. share price has been traded in a range of 158.7, hitting a high of 436.40, and a low of 277.70.
B&m European Value Retail S.a. is in the Retailers sector.
|Scholium Group Plc (SCHO.L)|
|Tyman Plc Ord 5P (TYMN.L)|
|Oxford Instruments Plc (OXIG.L)|
|Koovs Plc (KOOV.L)|
|Shares in Issue||1,001m|
|52 Week High||436.40|
|52 Week Low||277.70|

domain: economics


|Publication number||US4467335 A|
|Application number||US 06/376,031|
|Publication date||Aug 21, 1984|
|Filing date||May 7, 1982|
|Priority date||May 7, 1982|
|Also published as||DE3344164T0, DE3344164T1, DE3380570D1, EP0107722A1, EP0107722A4, EP0107722B1, WO1983004092A1|
|Publication number||06376031, 376031, US 4467335 A, US 4467335A, US-A-4467335, US4467335 A, US4467335A|
|Inventors||Robert H. Schmidt, Leroy E. Gerlach, Craig A. Fordahl|
|Original Assignee||Data Card Corporation|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (22), Referenced by (28), Classifications (18), Legal Events (5)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a system for forming an image on the outer surface of a plastic card and especially to a system which correlates image data with corresponding alphanumeric data employed, for example, in embossing or encoding the plastic card.
2. Description of the Prior Art
There exist, in the prior art, systems for laminating over photographs placed in a cut-out in the inner core stock of a plastic card, and systems for laminating over an electrophotographic or printed image on the inner core stock of a card. Such prior art lamination systems do not have the capability of correlating alphanumeric data with image data but instead require a separate image forming procedure in which a photograph is physically placed in the card (or an image is printed on the inner core of the card) and laminated, followed by an embossing procedure. In addition, such systems do not make use of conventional plastic cards since they require that the core stock be exposed to receive an image, and subsequently laminated, resulting in the requirement of expensive cards. Such prior art lamination systems slow down the through-put of the plastic cards when carried out in conjunction with embossing and/or encoding of the plastic cards. Finally, since the cost of each individual photograph is relatively high, these lamination systems are not particularly suitable for high volume applications.
One other prior art system for forming images on plastic cards is a system in which a silk screened ink patch is placed on the surface of a plastic card and an image is etched on the silk screened ink patch using an electronically actuated mechanical scribe. As in the case of the prior art lamination systems, such scribing systems do not have the capability of correlating image data and alphanumeric data for placement of corresponding indicia on a single plastic card. In addition, the scribing system is relatively slow, making it unacceptable in an overall system in which embossing and encoding is also to be performed. Further, since it is necessary to provide a silk screened ink patch on each card, it is not possible to use conventional plastic cards, thereby resulting in an increased cost per card. Finally, the grooves which are present in scribed images are susceptible to the collection of dirt in a wallet environment, thereby resulting in a relatively nondurable card.
There is therefore a need in the industry for a system which is capable of correlating image data and corresponding alphanumeric data, forming an image on a card in accordance with the image data, and embossing and/or encoding the card in accordance with the alphanumeric data. Furthermore, there is a need for such a system in which the image is formed on the outer surface of a conventional plastic credit card in sequence with the embossing and/or encoding of the card. There is a further need for such a system which forms a card having an image which is durable in that it is resistant to wear, abrasion, and the chemicals present in a wallet environment. In addition, there is a need for such a card forming system in which the time for forming the image on the plastic card is approximately the same as or less than the times required for embossing and/or encoding a magnetic stripe. Finally, there is a need for a system for forming an image on a card wherein the cost per image is sufficiently low, and wherein a high resolution image is obtained.
An object of the present invention is to provide a system for forming an image on a plastic card which overcomes the deficiencies of prior art systems.
In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a system for forming an image on the outside surface of a conventional plastic card in sequence with the embossing and/or encoding of the card.
A further object of this invention is to provide a system in which image data representing an image is correlated with corresponding alphanumeric data representing indicia which is to be embossed and/or encoded on the card.
A further object of this invention is to provide a system which produces a card having a durable image.
A further object of this invention is to provide a system in which the time required for forming the image is substantially the same as or less than the time required for embossing and/or encoding the card.
A still further object of this invention is to provide a system for producing a high resolution image on the card.
The system of the present invention has a number of novel features, as set forth below. An image is digitized and stored in semi-permanent storage together with corresponding alphanumeric data representing, for example, indicia to be embossed and/or encoded on a card. When the image is to be formed on a conventional plastic card, the digital image data is read from the semi-permanent storage and is input to an acousto-optic modulator. The acousto-optic modulator modulates a coherent light beam in accordance with the digital image data and the modulated coherent light beam is scanned across a charged electrophotographic medium, thereby producing a latent electrostatic image (corresponding to the image to be formed on the card) on the electrophotographic medium. The electrophotographic medium is transported past a toning station and a toner image (corresponding to the latent electrostatic image) is formed on the electrophotographic medium. The toner image is positioned adjacent a card to which the image is to be transferred and the electrophotographic medium is then pressed against the card so as to transfer the toner image to the card through heat and pressure. The electrophotographic medium is peeled away from the card so that the fused toner image remains on the card. A plastic overlay which is substantially the same size as the image on the card, may be overlayed to provide additional protection for the image.
The system of the present invention has significant advantages over the prior art in that conventional plastic cards may be used, so that cheaper and more readily available unprocessed plastic cards may be employed. In addition, the system of the present invention does not slow down the throughput of the plastic card manufacturing process since the time for forming the image on the card is comparable to the time required for embossing and encoding operations. Further, in the system of the present invention, the storage of digital data comprising image data and corresponding alphanumeric data, allows for simple and accurate processing of all of the information which must be provided for each cardholder.
These together with other objects and advantages, which will become subsequently apparent, reside in the details of construction and operation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a data acquisition subsystem, including a circuit for acquiring and storing image data and alphanumeric identification data, in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the details of the data acquisition subsystem of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a right side elevational view depicting a sensitizing station, an exposure station, a toning station and a transfer station in accordance with the system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the sensitizing station of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a right side elevational view depicting, partially in block format, the components of the exposure station of FIG. 3 and their connection to a microprocessor and an embosser/encoder;
FIG. 6 is an illustration of the format of the data on the magnetic tape which may be employed as the semi-permanent storage 36 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a right side elevational view illustrating a toner image 136 on the electrophotographic film 66;
FIG. 8A illustrates the relative positioning of a card and the toner image just prior to transfer of the toner image to the card;
FIG. 8B is a right side elevational view illustrating the platen in the transfer position, applying heat and pressure to the electrophotographic film to transfer the toner image to the card;
FIG. 8C is a right side elevational view illustrating the position of the platen after transfer of the toner image to the card;
FIG. 9 is a right side elevational view illustrating the peeling motion for peeling the electrophotographic film away from the card carrying the toner image; and
FIG. 10 is a right side elevational view of a station for overlaying a plastic protective layer over the image carried by the card.
FIG. 1 illustrates the data acquisition subsystem of the present invention. A video camera 20 is employed to take a picture of a subject or cardholder 22 for whom a card 24 (FIG. 3) is to be formed. In the preferred embodiment, the video camera is the RCA Model No. 2055 Vidicon camera which is a source of a live video picture. The card 24 which is to be generated for each cardholder 22 may be, for example, a plastic credit card, a driver's license, or any other type of identification card which is suitable for manufacture in the system of the present invention. For convenience, reference is made hereinafter to a "card" 24.
A video digitizer 26 receives an analog image signal from the camera 20 and generates a digital image signal, wherein each digital word represents a gray level of a small portion of the image. A graphics memory and refresh control circuit 28 receives the digital image signal from the video digitizer 26 and generates an analog video signal for a CRT display 30 which displays an image of the subject 22. The graphics memory and refresh control circuit 28 is also connected to a microprocessor and memory circuit 32 for transmitting and receiving the digital data signal along a bi-directional data bus 33 and for receiving an address signal as well as input/output read and write signals. The microprocessor and memory 32 may be connected to a remote computer or microprocessor via a standard RS-232C link. A keyboard 34 is also connected to the microprocessor and memory 32 so that alphanumeric data (e.g., embossing data, name and address information, account information, encoding information, and other identifying information) can be input to the microprocessor and memory 32. This alphanumeric data is correlated with the corresponding ditigal image data and temporarily stored in the graphics memory and refresh control circuit 28 and displayed on CRT display 30. The microprocessor and memory 32 is also connected to semi-permanent storage 36 so that the alphanumeric and digital image data which is temporarily stored in the graphics memory and refresh control circuit 28 may be output to the semi-permanent storage 36 for later retrieval.
The data acquisition subsystem of FIG. 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 2. The microprocessor and memory 32 controls the operation of the data acquisition subsystem and includes a processor 38, a PROM (programmable read only memory) 40, a RAM (random access memory) 42 and an input/output selection circuit 44. The PROM 40 stores the control program for the processor 38. The RAM 42 provides temporary storage for the digital picture data and alphanumeric data during transfer of data to the semi-permanent storage 36. The I/O selection circuit 44 controls the input and output of data to and from the microprocessor and memory 32. The keyboard 34 comprises an alphanumeric refresh memory 46, a CRT controller 48, a character (dot) generator 50 and keyboard switches 52. When one of the keyboard switches 52 is depressed, the central processor 38 is interrupted and the processor 38 reads the ASCII character from the keyboard 34 and stores it in the RAM 42. The character generator 50 decodes the keyboard character and sends a dot pattern, corresponding to the one of the keyboard switches 52 which has been depressed, to the CRT controller 48. This dot pattern is stored in the alphanumeric refresh memory 46 and the CRT display 30 continuously displays the dot pattern until the alphanumeric refresh memory 46 is altered or cleared.
The video camera 20 and video digitizer 26 capture a live field of video from the camera within at least 1/30th of a second. In the preferred embodiment, the video digitizer 26 is a fully parallel (flash) analog-to-digital (A/D) converter.
The graphics memory and refresh control circuit 28 includes a control timing circuit 54, a picture memory 56 and a digital-to-analog converter 58. The control timing circuit 54 samples the output of the video digitizer 26 at a rate which will yield a one-to-one aspect ratio. The sampled data is stored in the picture memory 56 and is used to refresh the CRT display 30 which displays the picture. The video camera 20 provides horizontal and vertical synchronization pulses for aligning the image displayed on the CRT display 30 with what the camera views. After the vertical retrace interval of the video camera 20, the control timing circuit 54 initializes the picture memory 56 to begin storing new camera data. After a picture has been completely stored in the picture memory 56, the last digitized field of camera video is "frozen" in the picture memory 56 and may then be accessed by the microprocessor and memory 32 which receives the stored picture. The microprocessor and memory 32 performs various processing routines to improve the quality of the image. In addition, the picture is compressed to reduce the amount of data necessary to represent the picture to be stored on the semi-permanent storage 36.
The alphanumeric data which is input via the keyboard 34, is correlated with the digital picture data received from the picture memory 56 in the RAM 42. The correlated alphanumeric data and digital image data are temporarily stored in the RAM 42 and the digital words representing the image data are placed in specific memory 1ocations representing the location of the picture element (pixel) whose gray level is the content of that memory element. Thus, the image is digitized so that the gray level in each discrete picture element is stored in memory locations representing the actual location in the visual image. The corresponding alphanumeric data is stored in adjacent memory locations to identify the images corresponding to the data. By using the keyboard 34, it is also possible to superimpose alphanumeric data on the image on the CRT display 30. In this case, the image data which is stored will correspond to the combined image (picture plus alphanumeric data) which is generated on the CRT display 30. Thus, a convenient check on the correspondence between the alphanumeric data which is formed (e.g., embossed) on the card and the image which is formed on the card, may be made. Once the correlated alphanumeric and digital image data have been stored in the RAM 42, the central processor 38 outputs the stored data on the bi-directional data bus 33 to the semi-permanent storage 36. In the preferred embodiment, the semi-permanent storage 36 includes a cassette interface and a magnetic tape cassette on which digital data is stored during the data acquisition phase of the present system.
Referring to FIG. 6, the data stored on the magnetic tape for each card to be manufactured includes digital image (i.e. picture) data, print data, magnetic stripe data and emboss/encode data. The print data, emboss/encode data and magnetic stripe data are transmitted to an embosser/encoder 60 (FIG. 5). Thus, the system of the present invention may be operated "in line" with any automatic embossing system, and preferably with an automatic embossing system manufactured by Data Card Corporation. For example, the system of the present invention may be operated "in line" with the Data Card Series 4000 embosser/encoder described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,088,216, assigned to the assignee of the present application, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference; or the Data Card Series 1500 embosser described in U.S. Pat. No. Re 27,809, assigned to the assignee of the present application, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Alternatively, the system of the present invention may be used as a stand-alone system to fully image a card with alphanumeric data, picture(s) signature(s) and the like.
FIG. 3 is a right side elevational view of the overall image generating and transfer subsystem of the present invention. A supply roll 64 holds a roll supply of an electrophotographic medium 66 which in the preferred embodiment is electrophotographic film. In an alternate embodiment a selenium drum is employed as the electrophotographic medium 66. The electrophotographic film 66 is drawn around a roller 68 and past a sensitizing station comprising a corona generator 70 for placing a charge on the surface of the electrophotographic film 66. The sensitized film 66 is transported past an exposure station 72 and a toning station 74. The exposure station 72 generates a modulated laser beam which is scanned across the sensitized electrophotographic film 66 to produce a latent electrostatic image on the film 66. As the film 66 is transported past the toning station 74, charged toner is attracted to the scanned portions of the film 66, so that a toner image is formed on the film 66. The film 66, carrying the toner image, is transported around a pair of rollers 76 and 78 which orient the film 66 so that an air knife 80 can remove any loose toner particles and residual solvent which are carried by the film 66. The film 66 is transported around a roller 82 which is spring biased by a spring 84 to form a buffer loop, which provides a flexible film interface between the image development portion of the system, which operates at substantially constant film velocity, and the image transfer portion of the system which operates with incremental motion. A pair of rollers 86 and 88 are employed to position the toner image carrying film 66 in a transfer station 90. The transfer station 90 comprises a card back up block 92 and a heated platen 94. After the film is transported through the transfer station 90 and the toner image is transferred from the film 66 to the card 24, the film 66 is transported to a take up roll 96 where it is stored for disposal.
Referring to FIG. 4, the electrophotographic film 66 and the sensitizing station will be described. As noted above, in the preferred embodiment, the electrophotographic medium 66 comprises electrophotographic film 66. The electrophotographic film 66 comprises a support base 98, a thin conductive layer 100 which is grounded to the film spool (not shown) and a photoconductive layer 102 which has a high dark resistance. The corona generator 70 comprises a thin wire 104 and a conducting enclosure 106. The film 66 is sensitized (i.e., made light sensitive) by generating a voltage of 3,500 volts or more between the wire 104 and the enclosure 106. This high voltage causes the surrounding air to ionize, thereby causing positive ions to be attracted to the photoconductive layer 102 of the film 66. The corona generator 70 is employed to place a uniform electrostatic charge on the surface of the film 66.
Referring to FIG. 5, the exposure station 72 of FIG. 3 will be described. The exposure station 72 may be directly connected to the data acquisition subsystem illustrated in FIG. 1. Alternatively, digital image data and alphanumeric data can be stored on magnetic tape at a remote location (using the data acquisition subsystem of FIG. 1) and the magnetic tape can then be transported to a location for manufacturing a plurality of cards 24. In the preferred embodiment, the data acquisition subsystem of FIG. 1 is employed at remote locations to store digital image data and alphanumeric data for a plurality of subjects 22. The stored digital image data and alphanumeric data is then transported (e.g., either physically, as a magnetic tape or disk, or over phone lines) to a site having complete facilities for manufacturing cards (including, e.g., an embosser/encoder, a card attaching system, etc.) where the information stored on the magnetic tape is read by a tape reader 108. Thus, the tape reader 108 provides both alphanumeric data and digital image data to a microprocessor 110 which in turn provides the alphanumeric data to the embosser/encoder 60 and supplies the digital image data to the exposure station 72. In the embodiment of the present invention in which the data acquisition subsystem of FIG. 1 is used to read the magnetic tape during the card forming process, the microprocessor 110 and tape reader 108 are not required since the microprocessor and memory 32 and the semi-permanent storage 36 perform these functions.
The exposure station 72 comprises a laser 112, powered by its own power supply 114, for generating a coherent light beam 116, hereinafter referred to as laser beam 116. In the preferred embodiment the laser 112 is a Hughes model 3225 H-PC 5MW HeNe laser. A beam compressor lens 118 compresses the laser beam 116 and feeds the laser beam 116 to an acousto-optic modulator 120. The acousto-optic modulator 120 is connected to the microprocessor 110 to receive the digital image data. The acousto-optic modulator 120 digitally modulates the laser beam 116, in accordance with the digital image data, to generate a modulated laser beam 122 which is passed through a pair of beam expander lenses 124 and 126 and an objective lens 128. The beam expander lenses 124 and 126 expand the modulated laser beam 122 to achieve smaller spot sizes at the plane of the film 66. The modulated laser beam 122 passes from the objective lens 128 to a deflection mirror 130 which is oscillated by a galvanometer 132 under the control of deflection control electronics 134. Thus, the modulated laser beam 122 is scanned back and forth across the plane of the film 66 in the directions of the arrows A and B in FIG. 5.
In the preferred embodiment, the acousto-optic modulator 120 comprises an Isomet 1205C or 1206C acousto-optic modulator; the galvanometer 132 comprises a General Scanning S-230-08 galvanometer; and the deflection control electronics 134 comprises a General Scanning model AX-700 galvanometer controller.
By scanning the modulated laser beam 122 across the sensitized electrophotographic film 66, the impingement of the laser beam 122 upon the photoconductive layer 102 causes the positive ions which are attracted to the surface of the photoconductive layer 102 to be conducted to the thin conductive layer 100. Thus, a 1atent electrostatic image is formed on the surface of the photoconductive layer 102. This image has a resolution of 125 pixels per inch and requires an exposure time of 1/60th second. The image is broken down into 15,625 pixels per square inch, each pixel being 8 mils square with 64 possible dot positions. A varying gray scale is achieved by selectively exposing the dot positions within each pixel.
In the preferred embodiment, the electrophotographic film 66 is Kodak SO-102 electrophotographic film and the toner which is used to tone the film is Kodak MX-1112 or MX-1125 liquid toner. As the electrophotographic film 66 is transported past the toning station 74, the toner (which is positively charged in the preferred embodiment) is attracted to the areas of the photoconductive layer 102 which have been exposed by the modulated laser beam 122. Thus, a toner image 136 (FIG. 7) is formed on the surface of the electrophotographic film 66.
Referring to FIGS. 8A-8C and 9, the transfer of the toner image 136 to the card 24 at the transfer station 90 will be described. The heated platen 94 includes a contact area 138 having dimensions which are substantially the same as the toner image 136 which is to be transferred to the card 24. This contact area 138 (and hence the image 136) may be any desired size and, for example, may be of a size to occupy the upper right hand corner of the card 24. The card back up block 92 is fixed to a support 140 and includes upper and lower card guides 142 and 144, respectively, for confining the position of the card 24 against the surface of the card back up block 92. Driven rollers 146 are employed to transport the card 24 into an image transfer position on the card back up block 92 and a vacuum conduit 148 is selectively actuated to hold the card in position against the card back up block 92. Once the card 24 has been transported into an image receiving position by the driven rollers 146 and the film 66 carrying the toner image 136 has been transported into a position for transfer, the heated platen 94 is moved in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 8A so that the contact area 138 of the heated platen 94 presses the support base 98 of the electrophotographic film 66, thereby pressing the toner image 136 against the card 24 (FIG. 8B). The heated platen 94 dwells at this contact position for a predetermined period of time and is then withdrawn in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 8B.
In order to achieve the desired transfer of the toner image 136 to the card 24, it is necessary to hold the card 24 flat while the electrophotographic film is pulled away in a peeling motion. The peeling motion creates a very high stress at the interface of the peeled material (i.e., the electrophotographic film 66) with the toner. Since the toner is fused by the heat and pressure generated by the contact area 138 of the platen 94, and because of the elastic properties of the fused toner, the stress diminishes through the toner layer to the card 24. Thus, any break or separation will occur at the point of the highest stress, which is the point at which the electrophotographic film 66 and the toner image 136 interface.
As best seen in FIG. 8A, the transfer station 90 is adapted to peel the electrophotographic film 66 from the card 24 and toner image 136. When the heated platen 94 is in the position illustrated in FIG. 8B the electrophotographic film 66 follows a path denoted by the dashed line F in FIG. 8A. The roller 88 is connected to a link 150 which pivots about a pivot point 152. The roller 88 is biased to the position illustrated by the solid lines in FIG. 8A by a bias spring 154 which is connected to a support 155 and to an end 156 of the link 150. Once the heated platen 94 has been retracted from its transfer position, the link 150 is pivoted about pivot point 152 (by e.g. a solenoid 158) so that the link 150 and roller 88 are moved to the position illustrated by the dashed lines in FIG. 8A. At this point, the path of the electrophotographic film 66 is illustrated by the dotted line G in FIG. 8A, so that as the electrophotographic film 66 is transported around roller 88 the peeling motion illustrated in FIG. 9 is generated, thereby peeling the electrophotographic film 66 from the toner image 136 which remains fused to the card 24. After the peeling process is completed, the solenoid 158 is deenergized, the link 150 pivots back to the position illustrated by the solid lines in FIG. 8A under the bias of the spring 154 and the toner image 136 remains on the card 24 as illustrated in FIG. 8C.
The particular, heat, pressure and dwell time employed in the transfer process illustrated in FIGS. 8A to 8C will vary in accordance with the requirements of a particular application. Thus, it is only necessary that the heat, pressure and dwell time be sufficient to fuse the toner to the surface of the card 24. In order to determine one possible set of ranges for heat, pressure and dwell time, which produce an acceptable transfer of the toner image 136 to the outside surface of the card 24, tests using a 0.03 inch thick laminated polyvinyl chloride card were made. The image dimensions were 7/8th inch by 11/16th inch.
The pressure of the platen 94 against the card 24 was varied from 90 to 560 psi, while holding the platen temperature and dwell time constant at 400░ F. and 400 ms, respectively.
The acceptable pressure range was determined to be from 360 to 560 psi. Decreasing the platen pressure caused a greater sensitivity to the platen squareness and thickness, thereby causing partial image drop outs (i.e., partial non-transfer) as well as greater sensitivity to partial image drop outs or flaws due to dust particles. Increasing the platen pressure caused plastic card deformation behind the area where the card 24 contacted the toner image 136.
The temperature of the platen 94 was varied from 265░ to 520░ F. while maintaining the platen pressure and dwell time constant at 560 psi and 400 ms, respectively.
The acceptable temperature range was determined to be from 360░ to 416░ F. The low temperature range of from 265░ to 310░ F. produced non-uniform, poor transfer characteristics. The acceptable temperature range of 360░ to 416░ F. produced excellent transfer characteristics and little mechanical distortion of the card. The high temperature range of 416░ to 520░ F. caused severe card distortion and some transfer of the film dye, giving the image formed on the card 24 a blue hue. At 520░ F. the photoconductive layer 102 separated from the electrophotographic film 66.
The dwell time of the platen 94 was varied from 50 ms to 1 second while maintaining the platen pressure and temperature constant at 500 psi and 400░ F., respectively.
The acceptable range for the dwell time was determined to be from 50 ms to 600 ms. This dwell time produced excellent image transfer, however, card distortion behind the image area increased from insignificant at a 50 ms dwell to severe at a 600 ms dwell. However, the card distortion up to 600 ms is acceptable. Dwell times greater than 600 ms produced separation and transfer of the photoconductive layer 102 to the card 24.
The heated transfer platen 94 of the present invention provides significant advantages over prior art image transfer devices such as heated rollers. In the present invention, no visible heat marks remain on the card in areas other than the image area, so that the surface finish of the remaining portions of the card 24 remains intact. In addition, the card 24 may be embossed and/or encoded prior to image transfer since the platen 94 presses only on those portions of the card 24 which are to receive the image 136. Thus, the platen 94 will not damage any prior embossing, nor will it damage any sensitive surfaces such as magnetic stripes which are frequently placed on the back of the card 24.
While the toner image 136 which is transferred to the card 24 is stable and durable, in the preferred embodiment a protective layer is placed over the image 136 in order to make the image more able to withstand the abrasion and chemicals present in the wallet environment. Referring to FIG. 10, a protective layer transfer station 158 which is similar to the transfer station 90, is illustrated. A carrier film 160 carries a plurality of thin thermoplastic coatings 162 which are approximately the same size as the toner image 136 which is transferred to the card 24. The path of the carrier film 160 is defined by rollers 164, 166 and 168. A heated platen 170 includes a contact area 172 for contacting the carrier film 160 on the side opposite the thermoplastic coating 162. A card back up block 174 is mounted on a support 176 and includes upper and lower card guides 178 and 180, respectively. A vacuum conduit 182 provides a selectively actuated source of vacuum for maintaining the card 24 against the card back up block 174. Driven rollers 184 are driven to transport the card 24 into and out of the protective layer transfer station 158. The heated platen 170 is actuated in the same manner as the heated platen 94 in the transfer station 90. Similarly, the roller 166 is connected to a link 186 which is pivoted about pivot point 188 by a solenoid 190, so that the carrier film 160 is peeled from the thermoplastic coating 162 in the same manner in which the electrophotographic film 66 is peeled from the card 24. In the preferred embodiment, the thermoplastic coating 162 is 150 millionths of an inch thick and the carrier film 160 is 2 mils thick. To produce an acceptable thermoplastic film transfer to the card 24, a preferred minimum pressure of 160 psi and a platen temperature of from 320░ F. to 420░ F. is applied.
The operation of the system will now be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3 and 5.
In general, it is desirable to store digital image data and corresponding alphanumeric data for plural cardholders on a magnetic tape, so that a large number of cards 24 may be produced at a single time by inputting the data into a card forming and processing system. In order to capture and store the images as digital image data and to store the alphanumeric data, the video camera 20 takes a picture of each cardholder 22, and the picture is then digitized by the video digitizer circuit 26 and sent to the graphics memory and refresh control circuit 28. The image which is captured by the camera 20 is displayed on the CRT display 30 and the digital image data is transferred from the graphics memory and refresh control circuit 28 to the microprocessor and memory 32. Similarly, alphanumeric data is input to the microprocessor and memory 32 via the keyboard 34. The alphanumeric data may also be displayed on the CRT display 30. When an operator views the desired image on the CRT display 30 and the desired alphanumeric data has been input from the keyboard 34, the corresponding digital image data and alphanumeric data are stored in the microprocessor and memory 32 and are then transferred to the semi-permanent storage 36. As noted above, it is preferred to store the alphanumeric data and digital image data for a large number of cardholders 22 on the semi-permanent storage 36.
When it is desired to process (i.e., emboss/encode a card, form an image on the card, print on a card carrier, and attach a corresponding card 24 to a card carrier) a card 24 the tape reader 108 reads the alphanumeric data and digital image data from the semi-permanent storage 36 (e.g., magnetic tape) and transmits this data to the microprocessor 110. The microprocessor 110 sends the alphanumeric data to the embosser/encoder 60 and the digital image data to the acousto-optic modulator 120 which is a part of the exposure station 72. The electrophotographic film 66 is transported past the sensitizing station 70 where the electrophotographic film 66 is uniformly charged. The charged electrophotographic film 66 is transported past the exposure station 72 where the modulated laser beam 122 (modulated in accordance with the digital image data) is scanned across the charged electrophotographic film 66 by the deflection mirror 130, so as to selectively discharge portions of the electrophotographic film 66 in accordance with the digital image data received by the acousto-optic modulator 120. Thus, once the electrophotographic film 66 has been scanned by the modulated laser beam 122, the film 66 carries a latent electrostatic image. The selectively discharged electrophotographic film 66 is transported past a toning station 74 where charged toner is attracted to the discharged portions of the electrophotographic film 66, so that the toner image 136 (FIG. 7) is formed on the electrophotographic film 66. The electrophotographic film 66 is transported past the air knife 80 so as to remove any loose toner from the toner image 136, and is subsequently transported to a position in between the heated platen 94 and the card 24 which is supported by the card back-up block 92. The card 24 has been embossed and/or encoded by the embosser/encoder 60 in accordance with the alphanumeric data corresponding to the toner image which is to be transferred to the card 24. The toner image 136 is pressed against the card 24 by the platen 94 (FIGS. 8A-8C) to transfer the toner image 136 to the card 24. As illustrated in FIG. 9, the electrophotographic film 66 is peeled away from the card 24 so that the toner image 136 remains intact on the card 24. The card 24 carrying the toner image 136 is then transported to the protective layer transfer station 158 where the thermoplastic coating 162 is transferred to the card 24 to protect the toner image 136 from degradation due to the abrasion and chemicals in a wallet environment. After the thermoplastic coating 162 has been overlayed on the card 24, the card 24 (carrying the image and embossing/encoding) may be transported to the card attaching system 62 where the card is attached to a carrier having corresponding cardholder indicia printed thereon.
The system of the present invention may be implemented in numerous ways. For example, any type of electrophotographic medium, such as a selenium drum, may be used as the electrophotographic medium 66. Similarly, the electrophotographic medium 66 may be charged or discharged in any desired manner, with the corresponding charged toner (i.e. positive or negative) being used to tone the charged or discharged areas. In addition, the card 24 may be embossed and/or encoded before or after the image is formed on the card; and, if desired, embossing or encoding can be omitted if the image includes the alphanumeric data as a part thereof. The values of heat, pressure and dwell time employed to transfer the toner image 136 to the surface of the card 24 may be varied in accordance with the requirements of a particular application. Further, although the card used in the above experiments was composed of polyvinyl chloride, the card 24 may be made of any suitable material to which the toner can be fused.
The many features and advantages of the invention are apparent from the detailed specification and thus it is intended by the appended claims to cover all such features and advantages of the system which fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.
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|US8077192||Jan 7, 2008||Dec 13, 2011||Zink Imaging, Inc.||Platen temperature model|
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|CN100579797C||Jul 9, 2003||Jan 13, 2010||富士施乐株式会社||Method for producing plastic printed thin sheets, producing apparatus and plastic printed thin sheets|
|WO2001098840A2 *||Jun 22, 2001||Dec 27, 2001||OCÚ PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH||Device and method for a printing and/or copying device with reduced thermal stress on the support material|
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|U.S. Classification||347/135, 156/277, 347/134|
|International Classification||G03G15/16, G06K19/06, H04N1/29, G01D15/06, G07C9/00|
|Cooperative Classification||G06K19/06046, G03G15/1625, G01D15/06, G07C9/00079, H04N1/29|
|European Classification||G07C9/00B6D2, G06K19/06C5, H04N1/29, G03G15/16B, G01D15/06|
|May 7, 1982||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: DATA CARD CORPORATION, 11111 BREN ROAD WEST, MINNE
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:SCHMIDT, ROBERT H.;GERLACH, LEROY E.;FORDAHL, CRAIG A.;REEL/FRAME:003994/0753
Effective date: 19820506
|Oct 7, 1987||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|Mar 24, 1992||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|Aug 23, 1992||LAPS||Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees|
|Oct 27, 1992||FP||Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee|
Effective date: 19920823


Hi im a huge fan and well i know about sharks a lot. i think if it wasn't a Bull Shark or Great White Shark it could have been: Mako Shark a very fast shark that can jump 20 feet out of the water when tried to be caught. it is the fastest shark at um... 60 mph i think... but anyways it eats: Tuna, Swordfish, Mackerel,other sharks. it only attacks when people have it hooked. they will get in boats and attack the people and attack the boats. these are endangered and have hooked teeth. the second shark i think it was is: The Silky Shark, it is a relative of the Great White but smaller. it lives around Alaska and Greenland. it eats fish and seals i think. well ill have a thing about tornadoes next. Bye!


text:
Trumpeter Paint Mixer
This is a battery powered paint mixer.
Self-contained, electric motor driven, mixer with ABS body with metal mixing arm. Uses (2) AA Batteries - "Not Included".
The motor is powerful enough to mix paints quickly and thoroughly yet not to powerful too cause spills.
This tool allows us to mix paint quickly during airbrushing jobs.
We recommend that you submerge the tip of the mixing arm in the paint jar before switching on the power button for best results.


Jessica A. Chittenden|
July 03, 2007
Commissioner: Dairy Assistance Deadline Is July 9
All Eligible Producers to Receive Final Payment by End of July
New York State Agriculture Commissioner Patrick Hooker today reminded dairy producers who have yet to apply for the New York State Dairy Assistance Program to do so before July 9, 2007. The Dairy Assistance Program, included in the 2007-08 State Budget, made $30 million available to dairy farmers who produced milk during the 2006 calendar year when milk prices were at extreme lows.
All New York dairy farmers who produced milk in 2006 and were in operation as of April 1, 2007 are eligible to apply for the Dairy Assistance Program. The Program does have a 4.8 million pound cap for all eligible producers. Applications can be obtained from the Departmentís website at www.agriculture.ny.gov or by calling the Department at 1-800-554-4501. Applications must be delivered to the Department or postmarked no later than Monday, July 9, 2007.
To date, $25.8 million of the $30 million allotted for the Program has been paid in the form of direct payments to 4,994 dairy producers in New York State. Those producers represent 93 percent of the Stateís total milk production. Producers were paid a payment rate of $.35 per hundred pounds on eligible milk production of 7.4 billion pounds, making the average payment to producers $5,158.
The Empire State Development Corporation (ESDC) has issued electronic payments and paper checks to eligible and approved producers since May 9, 2007. ESDC will issue initial checks to the additional applicants who file by the July 9, 2007 deadline and are approved for payment.
In addition, all eligible producers will receive an additional and final payment estimated to be $.04 to $.05 per hundred pounds of eligible milk in order to use the remaining $4.2 million of the $30 million allotted for the New York State Dairy Assistance Program. For those eligible producers that reach the 4.8 million pound cap, they can expect their final payment to be between $1,920 and $2,400. Final payments are expected to be issued by the end of July.
New York is the nationís third largest dairy state with nearly 6,000 dairy farms and 640,000 dairy cows that produced nearly 12 billion pounds of milk annually. The average dairy farm in New York State is family owned and consists of 100 cows, producing an average of 18,879 pounds of milk per cow per year.
New York dairy farms contribute more than $1.9 billion, over half of the Stateís total agricultural receipts, each year to the Stateís economy. The dairy industry has some of the highest economic multipliers of any industry in New York State. For every new job created on a dairy farm, an additional 1.24 jobs are created in the local economy and an additional $.83 is spent in the community for every dollar of output on a dairy farm.
2007 Press Releases


text:
Available in Cream
We're feeling the boho goddess vibes in this woven top, which features crochet trim and a boat neckline. Layer this piece over a cami and shorts or denim cutoffs and a bandeau for sunny days. Unlined 100% cotton 27.5" full length, 45" chest, 47" waist, 16.5" sleeve length Measured from S/M Hand wash cold Imported Model Info: Height: 5'9" | Bust: 33 | Waist: 25 | Hip: 35 | Wear Size: Small Product Code : ...
Available in Yellow
Open dotted-crochet trim and panels decorate this sleeveless top, lending it a decidedly '70s feel that we think would pair beautifully with anything denim. Layer it over sleek tanks or lacy bralettes for a little more coverage. Hook-eye keyhole back, unlined Lightweight, woven Shell 1& 2: 100% cotton; Shell 3: 100% polyester 22" full length, 36" chest, 36" waist Measured from Small Hand wash cold Imported Model Info: Height: 5'7" | Bust: 30 | Waist: ...
Available in Cream/Rose
Style Deals - Crafted from slub knit and cut into a breezy silhouette, this double-strapped cami is already a warm-weather essential. What makes it a favorite? Its allover clustred floral print and crochet trim running down the center front. Knit100% rayon16.5" bust to hem, 38" bust, 42" waistMeasured from SmallHand wash coldMade in China
Available in Black
With a front hook-eye closure, a plunging front slit, and a semi-sheer gauze fabrication, this top has a slinky, lingerie-inspired look. Its ruffled hem and the delicate crochet trim at its neckline and armholes further its flirty look, so whether you layer it over a slip dress or throw it on with fitted separates, it'll have you emanating a femme fatale vibe. Sleeveless, unlined Lightweight, woven 100% rayon 33.5" full length, 38" chest, 32.5" waist ...
Available in Cream, Light Blue
Embrace your inner flower child with the help of this delicate cami. Its airy cotton fabrication, scalloped crochet trim, and crochet straps lend this piece a free-spirited flair that's sure to have you radiating nothing but good vibes whenever you wear it. Complete your carefree look with flared denim and a faux shearling coat. Unlined Lightweight, woven 100% cotton 16" bust to hem, 34.5" chest, 35" waist Measured from Small Hand wash cold Imported Model ...
There are certain pieces that will always bring a boho style aesthetic to mind, and this boxy top is one of them. It's crafted from an open floral crochet with a scalloped hem and short sleeves. We're showcasing the circle crochet trim along the round neckline with a turquoise necklace to really knock it out of the park. Unlined Lightweight woven 100% polyester 18" full length, 38" chest, 36" waist, 13" sleeve length Measured from ...
Available in Cream/Pink, Cream/Teal
Ultra-femme, this peasant-style top features a batik print and crochet trim. Complete with a self-tie split round neckline and buttoned 3/4 sleeves; pair this number with boyfriend jeans and booties. UnlinedLightweight, wovenShell: 100% rayon; Trim: 100% cotton26" full length, 40" chest, 47" waist, 13" sleeve lengthMeasured from MediumMachine wash coldImported
Available in Rust
Made for gallivanting in the grassy fields and salsa dancing under the summer night's stars, this off-the-shoulder top is your ticket to keeping cool and looking fresh when the heat hits. Why? Well, its billowy 3/4-sleeved silhouette, crinkled woven fabrication, and crochet trim along the hem are sure to satisfy all your warm-weather woes. Unlined, adjustable spaghetti strapsLightweight, woven100% rayon20" bust to hem, 40" chest, 46" waist, 13" sleeve lengthMeasured from SmallHand wash ...
Available in Black/Cream, Taupe/Black
Style Deals - Let's just talk about the elephant in the room: this cute top! It features an adorable elephant print, a scalloped crochet trim, and vented sides. Showcase your love for animals and unique style all at once with this little number. Unlined Lightweight, woven 100% rayon 22" full length, 36" chest, 34" waist Measured from Small Hand wash cold Made In China Model Info: Height: | Bust: 32 | Waist: 24.5 | Hip: ...
Available in Teal/Black
It's time you add a special piece to your arsenal of showstoppers! This woven top will do just the trick with its surplice front, V-neckline, and slightly cropped fit. However, it is the delicate crochet trim on the short sleeves that will definitely get everyone talking. Partially lined, semi-sheer Lightweight 100% polyester 19" full length, 36" chest, 35" waist, 10.5" sleeve length Measured from Small Dry clean Imported Model Info: Height: 5'10" | Bust: 34 ...
Available in Navy/Multi
Outfitted with pretty crochet trim along the neckline and bust, this breezy top is a warm-weather essential. Its allover paisley print is classically boho-inspired, while its loose fit will keep you comfy and cool all day long. Buttoned backUnlined, woven100% rayon26" full length, 38" chest, 50" waistMeasured from SmallHand wash coldMade in China
Available in White/Blue
When thinking of the perfect piece to channel a free-spirited vibe, something like this semi-sheer gauze top comes to mind. It has plenty of sweet appeal with its petite floral print and ornate floral border tracing the cuffs of its 3/4 sleeves and hem, but its open-shoulder design, delicate crochet trim, and ladder cutouts at its neckline make it just as summery and easygoing. Play up its laid-back look with casual cutoffs and sandals. Six ...
Available in Red/Cream
Relaxed weekends call for equally fuss-free attire, like this dolman-sleeved peasant top. It features scalloped crochet trim, intricate embroidery along its V-neckline, and an elasticized waist. This sweet piece is what your distressed denim has been waiting for. Unlined Lightweight, woven Shell 1: 100% polyester; Shell 2: 100% cotton 21" full length, 36" chest, 34" waist, 12" sleeve length Measured from Small Hand wash cold Imported Model Info: Height: 5'7" | Bust: 30 | Waist: ...
Available in White
Express your easy-going style in the prettiest way possible: with this peasant top. Its lightly crinkled woven fabric and scalloped crochet trim already lend it a bohemian look, but its pintucked self-tie split neckline, wide 3/4 sleeves, and billowy silhouette make it fully free-spirited. Unlined, lightweight100% rayon23" full length, 44" chest, 45" waist, 14.5" sleeve lengthMeasured from SmallHand wash coldImported
Available in Blush, Cream
For boho babes, warm-weather essentials include sleeveless tops by the dozen - just like this crinkled crepe top. Lace paneling and crochet trim adorn this flowy number, while a buttoned keyhole and split back lend this piece an air of effortlessness. Try it with palazzo pants for a seriously laid-back chic look. Unlined Lightweight, woven 100% rayon 25" full length, 40" chest, 44" waist Measured from Small Hand wash cold Imported Model Info: Model Information ...
This off-the-shoulder blouse features a self-tie neckline and flared sleeves with crochet trim. Complete with an elasticized hem. Unlined Lightweight, woven 100% cotton 16.5" full length, 44" chest, 42" waist, 23" sleeve length Measured from Medium Machine wash cold Imported Model Info: Height: 5'9" | Bust: 31 | Waist: 23 | Hip: 35 | Wear Size: Small Product Code : 2000083591
Available in Cream/Navy
Forever 21+ - Everyday staples don't need to be boring! This knit top packs a punch with its allover stripes, contrast-striped 3/4 sleeves, and round neckline. Plus, it's complete with scalloped crochet trim that will inject a little bit of femininity into your daily look. Lightweight65% cotton, 35% polyester24" full length, 44" chest, 42" waist, 21" sleeve lengthMeasured from 1XHand wash coldImported
An essential for any boho babe, this lightweight slub knit tank will take you through warm summer days with ease. It features a scoop neck and pretty crochet trim along the hem. With a relaxed silhouette and effortless appeal, this piece is a warm-weather must-have. 84% viscose, 16% linen22" full length, 34" chest, 34" waistMeasured from SmallHand wash coldMade in Turkey
Available in Black/Pink, Midnight/Teal
Stay picnic perfect in this floral print cami, which features a crochet trim and adjustable shoulder straps. Finished with an invisible side zipper. UnlinedLightweight, woven100% cotton21.5" full length, 33" chest, 33" waistMeasured from SmallHand wash coldImported
If you love the one-of-a-kind appeal of a vintage find, but not so much the idea of actually hunting one down, we think you're going to love this crop top. Cut in a delicate floral lace with long bell sleeves, scalloped crochet trim, and a button-down back, this piece is as refined as it is sweet. Easily achieve an ethereal look when you pair it with a sweeping maxi skirt. Semi-sheer, round neckline Unlined, lightweight ...
Available in Cream/Cream, Rose/Cream, Teal/Cream
Style Deals - It's time to reconsider basics. This dropped-long sleeved top is anything but ordinary in a slub knit with a scalloped crochet trim and a round neckline. It's classic enough to go with anything, but intricate enough to keep us hooked. Lightweight Shell 1: 100% polyester; Shell 2: 100% cotton 20" full length, 36" chest, 36" waist, 17" sleeve length Measured from Small Hand wash cold Imported Model Info: Height: 5'9" | Bust: ...
Forever 21 Contemporary - This sweetly femme and semi-sheer blouse will appeal to the boho girl in you. With beautiful prairie-style embroidery on the front and crochet trim, this buttoned long-sleeved blouse is complete with a gathered peplum waist. It's an excellent match to denim for a casual, earthy vibe. Lightweight, woven Unlined 100% polyester 24" full length, 38" chest, 36" waist, 25" sleeve length Measured from Small Machine wash cold Imported Model Info: Height: ...
F21 Contemporary - This breezy collared blouse is a great alternative to your plain old button-downs! With special features like dotted crochet trim on the front of the bodice, a covered button-front placket, and an ultra-soft woven fabrication, this piece will be a welcome addition to your workwear routine. Lightweight, unlined Buttoned long sleeves 97% rayon, 3% spandex 26" full length, 38" chest, 38" waist, 25" sleeve length Measured from Small Hand wash cold Imported ...
With ruffled straps and crochet trim, this flounce top is delicate and feminine. Bonus: its crinkly crepe fabrication means it looks and packs like a dream (no iron required). Unlined, double-button keyhole backLightweight, wovenShell 1: 100% rayon; Shell 2: 100% cotton21" full length, 34" chest, 48" waistMeasured from SmallHand wash coldImported

domain: fashion


MOSCOW (Sputnik) — The Moskvarium center spans nearly 20,500 square miles and holds 6.6 million gallons of water.
“It is the only year-round scientific and educational oceanography center located hundreds of kilometers from the coast,” boasts a message on the Moskvarium website announcing Wednesday’s opening.
The Moskvarium, built within record-setting two years, is divided into three zones.
In the water-show zone, up to 2,300 visitors may watch orcas, beluga whales, dolphins, walruses and sea lions performances accompanied with 3D projections and 5D effects.
The third zone features seven swimming pools where visitors would be able to swim with the dolphins.
The Moskvarium is situated on the grounds of the VDNKh exhibition center. Its admission price ranges from $7 for children to $11 for adults.
Russian President Vladimir Putin paid the Moskvarium a visit on Tuesday, he observed 80 aquariums with marine and freshwater fauna, among others, from the Galapagos Islands, the Great Barrier Reef and Greenland.


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This listing should be used for reference only and due diligence is your responsibility. Find yorkshire terriers for sale in seattle on oodle classifieds.
If you are unable to find your yorkshire terrier puppy in our puppy for sale or dog for sale sections please consider looking thru thousands of yorkshire terrier dogs for adoption.
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Currently we have just a few but very gorgeous yorkshire terriers. Yorkshire terrier puppies for sale and dogs for adoption in washington wa. Yorkie morkies shorkies yorkie poos and for the last 5 years mi ki yorkies.
Has a listing of member breeders who have agreed to and signed the ytca s code of ethics and conduct. Winddream yorkies blaine washington. All yorkshire terrier found here are from akc registered parents.
Our goal is to breed quality puppies according to the akc standards. The yorkshire terrier club of america inc. Join millions of people using oodle to find puppies for adoption dog and puppy listings and other pets adoption.
Bringing happiness to the world one puppy at a time. If you are unable to find your yorkshire terrier puppy in our puppy for sale or dog for sale sections please consider looking thru thousands of yorkshire terrier dogs for adoption. Find yorkshire terrier dogs and puppies from washington breeders.
Find yorkshire terrier puppies and breeders in your area and helpful yorkshire terrier information. Breeder referrals please read this information carefully. Don t miss what s happening in your neighborhood.

domain: pet


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In the Bible, we read that God commanded the sacrifice of animals and the shedding of their blood to atone for the people’s sins. This was at a time before Jesus came and paid for our sins collectively. Why did God ask for the sacrifices in the Old Testament? In many ways, it was to show the people that they couldn’t be good enough to be redeemed. At least on their own, they couldn’t.
In the book of Kings, God told Saul that He desired obedience more than a sacrifice. Why is obedience more important to God than sacrifice? Because He asks us to do something for Him and since He is God it is expected of His children to obey. If you are a Christian, you have been adopted into God’s family. He asked Jesus to take on the sins of the world and pay the penalty for those sins so we would not have to pay it. Since we are children of God, shouldn’t we obey Him in all things…every day?
The blessing that we have been given through Jesus is not something that we have earned, it is given to us through faith in Jesus’ sacrifice for us. We must believe in His sacrifice and in order to believe in it and place our faith in Him we were given the grace and the faith to believe. We didn’t conjure it up on our own, it was given to us through God’s mercy and His grace toward us because of Jesus.
God saw each of us down through time and He knew that we would need Jesus at a certain point in our lives. Then, He provided us with the faith to recognize that we were sinners in need of a Savior so we would seek Him out. I know that some people don’t like the idea that they didn’t have anything to do with their salvation other than to believe in Him and accept it but that is how God works. When you feel His touch in your life regardless of where you may be at the time, respond to Him and accept His gift of grace. The opportunity may not come again.


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Australia's Golden Outback 2023 Holiday Planner
At a Glance
Shire of WONGAN-BALLIDU
WHAT’S ON Reynoldson Reserve Wildflower Festival — Oct 2023 Bike it to Ballidu — 14 Oct 2023 TOPATTRACTIONS Lake Ninan / Gamma Rock / Reynoldson Reserve / Ballidu Heritage Centre / Astrotourism WILDFLOWERS TODISCOVER Verticordia / Orchid Species / Grevillea ‘Superb’ / Pink Poker (Grevillea Petrophiloides) / Wongan Cactus
WONGANHILLS 184km north-east of Perth
Gathercole Nature Reserve
andWalk Trail This granite outcrop is home to many species of native plants and animals. The walk trail is suitable for people with moderate levels of fitness. Dingo Rock This large granite outcrop has a gnamma hole on the rock face, which is a water collection site. During late winter and spring, the reserve develops a picturesque covering of wildflowers. Reynoldson Reserve The Reserve is renowned for its spectacular displays of Verticordia. Flowering seasons vary with most blooming between October and January, with November being the peak season. Lake Ninan Once a thriving ski lake with its own yacht club, Lake Ninan is a beautiful place for a picnic. The perfect spot for watching the sunset and stargazing under the night’s sky. An RV friendly site and only a short 8km from Wongan Hills town centre. BALLIDU 214km north-east of Perth Still sporting the verandas and posts on the original main street shops, this cultural hamlet town is famous for its annual Bike it to Ballidu race and art exhibitions. The old Ballidu Hall has been repurposed to house a charming history collection and is well worth a visit. Be sure to visit the local tavern for a
WONGANHILLSVISITORCENTRE The Station, 1 Wongan Road Wongan Hills (08) 9671 1973 firstname.lastname@example.org wongantourism.com.au
A short, scenic drive from Perth brings you to Wongan Hills, the largest town within the Shire of Wongan-Ballidu. Translated from the Aboriginal Wongan Katta, or Talking Hills, the area falls within WA’s rich and diverse floral region and is home to over 1,300 varieties of wildflowers including 24 species found only in Wongan Hills. Noted as one of WA’s first Astrotourism towns, visit Lake Ninan or the airport to gaze at spectacular starry night skies. The town offers outstanding cycling paths, sporting facilities, museum and cultural festivals and activities. Discover some of Wongan Hill’s highlights while travelling through… Mt MatildaWalk Trail Located within the Wongan Hills nature reserve, this walk trail boasts spectacular views, fauna, and flora. Two trails are available for people with a moderate fitness level. Mt O’Brien Lookout Mt O’Brien is the second highest point in Wongan Hills and has a variety of wildflowers, some of which are only found in these hills. Barbecue and lighting facilities are provided. Christmas Rock Walk This trail is easily accessible and will take approximately an hour to walk at a leisurely stroll. Filled with natural attractions and cultural history of the town.
‘Get Your Bikes Out’ in Ballidu
sense of country hospitality. The town’s arts scene can also be enjoyed at the award-winning Ballidu Lodge Art Gallery. Ballidu Town dam and the Balli-Balli Rocks offer nature enthusiasts great
scenery, fauna, and flora. CADOUX 231km north-east of Perth
At the core of Cadoux is its general store, school, outstanding recreation centre and wheat-bins. The town suffered major destruction during the 1979 earthquake and the fault lines and geological phenomena are clearly marked with interpretive signage. Just north of the town will take you to the Flat Rocks Nature Reserve, a water catchment area built during WWII. During winter and spring this is a great place to enjoy the wildflowers and gnamma hole.
australiasgoldenoutback.com | The Wheatbelt | 67
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domain: geography


Saigao Group is one of the leading oil & gas equipment manufacturers in China. Leading products include various mud pumps, downhole motors, cementing tools, and various wellhead equipment.
20 years of professional experience allow us to better understand the needs of customers. We have a full set of production equipment, perfect detection methods and advanced technology. We always provide customers with good products and technical support, and sound after-sales service.


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- What happens if you mix hydrogen peroxide and isopropyl alcohol?
- Can I use hydrogen peroxide to clean electronics?
- What is proper gym etiquette?
- Is it OK to leave weights on bar?
- What should I use to wipe down my gym equipment?
- Does wiping down gym equipment work?
- Can you use hydrogen peroxide to clean gym equipment?
- Are Clorox wipes safe for gym equipment?
- How do you make disinfectant spray for gym equipment?
- How do you clean cardio equipment?
- How do you disinfect a gym?
- Do you wipe down dumbbells?
- What is the best disinfectant for gym equipment?
- How do you make homemade disinfectant spray?
- How do I deep clean my gym?
What happens if you mix hydrogen peroxide and isopropyl alcohol?
Pour the isopropyl alcohol into the clean container.
Mix in the hydrogen peroxide.
It kills bacteria that can get into the bottles or the sanitizer as you make it.
Take extra care with this step, since hydrogen peroxide may irritate your skin..
Can I use hydrogen peroxide to clean electronics?
Like electronics, you can use hydrogen peroxide (3-6%, or diluted if higher %) or isopropyl alcohol. But just like vinegar, these can break down the finishes on some surfaces, so take that into consideration before using them.
What is proper gym etiquette?
Gym etiquettePut everything back where it belongs. This might be the number-one gym etiquette rule. … Don’t hog the equipment. … Wipe things down after you use them. … Respect personal space. … Be flexible about your routine if the gym is crowded. … Bring your own towel. … Claim your space. … And don’t be afraid to ask for more.More items…•
Is it OK to leave weights on bar?
The Short Answer: Yes. If you leave a barbell loaded in a squat rack, your barbell will eventually bend over time. This is NOT something that will happen overnight, but if you have the habit of leaving weights (particularly heavy weights) on the bar, then it can cause the bar to bend.
What should I use to wipe down my gym equipment?
Instead, go with disinfectant wipes that are made specifically for gym equipment like Zogics gym wipes or Scrubs Gym Equipment Cleaning Wipes. These wipes will clean up most things, but you may need some other cleaning items, depending on what’s in your gym.
Does wiping down gym equipment work?
Wipe down with wet wipes. These wipes are a great way to sanitize gym equipment that’s come into contact with other member’s bodily fluids (like sweat). There’s a difference between sanitizing and disinfecting. Wet wipes are designed to disinfect which means the chemicals used will kill germs and bacteria.
Can you use hydrogen peroxide to clean gym equipment?
Hydrogen Peroxide – this is probably one of the worst products that you can use to clean your gym equipment. Hydrogen peroxide can irritate your skin or even cause a rash. This would most definitely not be ideal when trying to encourage members to return and draw in new members.
Are Clorox wipes safe for gym equipment?
Keep in mind that while these kill many germs, they don’t always get them all. However, bleach and disinfecting wipes can break down your exercise equipment.
How do you make disinfectant spray for gym equipment?
You can also make a DIY disinfectant spray cleaner by mixing rubbing alcohol with some antibacterial dish soap and water. Fill a spray bottle with one-third of each. Use it as you would any other disinfectant spray cleaner: wet the surface to be cleaned and wipe off with a rag or paper towel.
How do you clean cardio equipment?
Even diluted vinegar (one part vinegar to 20 parts water) is effective at wiping away germs in the short-term, he says. Matrix’s cleaning guidelines for customers recommend spraying the milder solution on a towel and then wiping down the equipment, as opposed to spraying the equipment itself.
How do you disinfect a gym?
How to Clean Gym EquipmentRemove Surface Layer Dirt and Grime.Apply an FDA Approved Sanitizer.Apply an EPA Registered Disinfectant to Kill Bacteria.Don’t Use Alcohol, Bleach, Ammonia and Other Abrasive Chemicals.Don’t Use Brushes With Wire or Stiff Bristles.Don’t Use Spray Bottles to Apply Liquid Solutions.DON’T.
Do you wipe down dumbbells?
“As we already know, the gym is disgusting,” she said. “Don’t add to it by leaving your sweat all over the stuff you’re using.” … Gyms should provide some type of sanitary wipes and towels. Use these on machines before you use them, and wipe them off after you are done.
What is the best disinfectant for gym equipment?
Clear Gear is a disinfecting and deodorizing spray for athletic gear and equipment that kills 99.9% of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, while eliminating odors. Clear Gear does this without any harsh chemicals, like alcohol or bleach, that corrode expensive equipment, making it completely safe for use.
How do you make homemade disinfectant spray?
DIY Essential Oils Disinfecting Spray3/4 cup distilled water.1/4 cup white vinegar.8 ounces spray bottle.funnel (optional)7 drops lavender essential oil.7 drops tea tree essential oil.
How do I deep clean my gym?
You can explain the process in three easy steps: cover, wipe, then wash.Use a towel to cover the equipment when used during the workout to create a barrier between the client and the equipment surface.Use a clean towel or a disinfectant wipe to clean the equipment surface after use. … Wash hands after the workout.

domain: chemistry


Communicable disease threats report, 3-9 January 2021, week 1
The ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) is a weekly bulletin for epidemiologists and health professionals on active public health threats. This issue covers the period 3-9 January 2021 and includes updates on COVID-19, yellow fever, and influenza.
Communicable disease threats report, 8-14 March 2020, week 11
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 8-14 March 2020 and includes updates on Ebola virus disease, measles, influenza A(H9N2), seasonal influenza and COVID-19 associated with SARS-CoV-2.
Illness in French Travelers to Senegal: Prospective Cohort Follow-up and Sentinel Surveillance DataArchived
Evaluating health complaints in returning travellers through a sentinel surveillance system does not always reflect the spectrum of health problems that occur during travel. In this paper, the comparison of cohort surveys and sentinel surveillance data is used to better describe the epidemiology of health complaints during and after travel.


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Here’s a couple of photos from our first show of the year, the BASC gamekeepers fair in Derbyshire. We’ve updated our stand a little, including a new banner showing some of our favourite swinging farm signs, and also an example of what we can do in terms of laser cut stainless steel wall art. ‘Name’ wall art has been quite popular recently, we’ve had a few ordered in chrome, and we wanted to promote the option of using brushed stainless steel instead, as we personally prefer the look of it. I think its just a bit more subtle and less blingy; entirely a matter of taste though!
So the show itself turned out to be a really good one; the weather was kind to us, we got a few sales, and gave out a loads of leaflets ( in part thanks to a little boy who joined our team for a short time! ). The Hare weathervane design was popular this weekend, as name and number plates though rather than weathervanes. And it helped being next door to a couple selling whisky and sloe gin, who were happily very liberal with the free samples! There were also plenty of dogs to make friends with, and we really enjoyed watching the Gun Dog events, both for the experienced dogs who knew exactly what they were doing, and also the comedy value of those who didn’t. So despite stupidly setting off late afternoon on Friday and spending several hours stationary on the M6, and as a result setting up the stand pretty much in the dark, this turned out to be a really good weekend, and will definitely be on the list for next year.

domain: artistic


UBC Theses and Dissertations
Investigation of the three-dimensional structures of zeolite molecular sieves by high resolution solid state NMR Diaz Garcia, Anix C.
This thesis work describes the use of solid state NMR experiments to obtain important structural information about zeolite complexes with organic guest molecules. A highly siliceous zeolite ZSM-5 loaded with p-xylene was chosen for the detailed study. A methodology to investigate the zeolite complexes of highly siliceous ZSM-5 with pxylene molecules by locating the organic molecules inside the framework using only NMR techniques was developed. In this way a complete three-dimensional characterisation of these systems was obtained. The application of the double and triple resonance dephasing experiments of Cross- Polarization (CP), Rotational Echo Double Resonance (REDOR), and Transferred Echo Double Resonance (TEDOR), to attain internuclear distances from the dipolar interaction between the guest molecules nuclei and the silicon nuclei in the zeolite framework was investigated. Specifically deuterated and ¹³C labelled p-xylenes were used in these studies. Triple resonance dephasing experiments of REDOR and TEDOR were performed on the complex of the high loaded form of zeolite ZSM-5 with p-xylene [¹³C,CH₃] to obtain structural information through the dipolar interaction between the labelled ¹³C methyl group of the guest molecules and the silicon atoms. The unambiguous assignment of the ¹³C NMR spectra of the guest p-xylene molecules was done using 2D-TEDOR experiments. The acquisition of reliable quantitative data from these techniques was complicated due to the dynamics of the absorbed molecules within the zeolite framework. The motional characteristic of the molecules was investigated by ²H NMR and chemical-exchange spectroscopy. The application of high resolution ¹³C CP/MAS 2D NMR exchange spectroscopy to investigate the molecular motions of guest molecules inside zeolite catalysts and to obtain critical kinetic information on these processes was demonstrated for the first time. By application of the CP experiment and the protocol developed in this thesis a threedimensional structure of the low-loaded complex of p-xylene in ZSM-5 was obtained. This structure was derived without any previous x-ray diffraction information. The NMR results indicated that the p-xylene molecules were located in the intersection of the sinusoidal and straight channels of the zeolite.
Item Citations and Data


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Reading: Genesis 3:15
These are the first words of grace to a lost world. When were these words spoken? Just after sin had come in, and innocence was gone, and man had become a guilty creature before God. One command had been given, for the purpose of seeing whether he would love, and fear, and serve his Maker. That one command had just been trodden under foot. Pause here for one moment and think. Some people dream of earning eternal life by doing God’s will. This way has been tried. It failed. The end of it was ruin.
By whom were these words spoken? “The Lord God said.” What proof is here, that our God is merciful and gracious! Think how He had been offended! Think, with what base ingratitude—with what contempt He had been treated! Satan’s lie had been trusted rather than His truth. His easy yoke had been broken, as if it had been some hard restraint. The language of the proud heart had been—We will not have God to reign over us! God, even He, descends. No thunder-bolt is in His hands. No avenging angels follow to sweep the rebels into perdition. The voice which speaks is the voice of mercy. The tidings which are brought, are the tidings of deliverance. O my soul, can you consider the Speaker, and not exclaim—Truly, God is good
To whom were these words spoken? Three only were present. First the guilty pair. Mark their state, and learn from it that the first step in the way of salvation is taken by God. We have sure evidence before us. He wills to save, when man wills to die. He moves to save, when man moves to perish. Our first parents are before Him, a picture of all fallen sinners who would be born of them. As they were, so are we by nature. They were sinners, blind and hardened. So are we.
Reader! calmly meditate on this. You will see, that when man is all careless, God is all care; when man can do nothing, God does all; when man deserves nothing, God gives all. Salvation is from first to last of grace! Man rushes to hell. Grace calls to heaven.
This entire devotional is taken from Henry Law “The Gospel in Genesis” Ch. 4 (published by Banner of Truth Trust)


After having his last album shelved by Def Jam, N.O.R.E. hooked up with Miami’s finest, DJ EFN & Crazy Hood Productions. On My Name Is N.O. N.O.R.E. is simply reminding us all of what his name is and that he is back spitting fire, similar to his days with former rap partner Capone.
Listen to More: N.O.R.E Written by DJ Z
First DJ Booth Appearance:
"My Life Is A Movie (Remix) ft. Various" (2007)
Total DJ Booth Features:
Member Reviews and Ratings
- Smoke Weed Everyday: A 30 Song 4/20 Playlist
- FL (of The Foodchain) - Young Amsterdam
- Future - Honest LP
- Win an Exclusive Vinyl Version of De La Soul’s “Smell The Da.I.S.Y.” [CONTEST]
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- Mick Jenkins - Steam
- Dizzy Wright - State of Mind EP
- Locksmith - A Thousand Cuts
- 25 Most Popular Hip-Hop & R&B Songs of March 2014
- The Best Hip Hop Songs & Albums of 2013!
Discover the best new songs, videos, and albums added to the Booth.


Data Availability StatementAll sequencing data that support the findings of this research have already been deposited in GEO under accession zero. immune system response is seen as a the rapid enlargement and differentiation of cytolytic and/or cytokine-producing effector T cells that must clear pathogens. These procedures are initiated in response to signaling via multiple receptors like the TCR, costimulatory receptors and cytokine receptors. Pursuing activation, T cells transiently communicate inhibitory receptors (IRs) that start signaling pathways to restrain activation and promote quality from the immune system response. Nevertheless, in the framework of chronic antigen publicity, such Canrenone as for example in continual cancers or attacks, antigen is under no circumstances cleared, and T cells reduce effector function steadily, maintain and up-regulate manifestation of multiple IRs, and become tired (Wherry and Kurachi, 2015). Defense checkpoint blockade (ICB), such as for example PD-1 inhibition, offers emerged as a technique for bolstering the immune system response during chronic disease by suppressing signaling through IRs. Despite early achievement, treatment responses differ among patients and so are frequently transient (Pauken and Wherry, 2015), demonstrating Canrenone a crucial have to determine stronger and robust therapies. While ICB seeks to invert T cell exhaustion by focusing on IRs, identifying additional mechanisms managing T cell function, such as for example effector cell differentiation, gives alternative approaches for augmenting T cell immunity to chronic disease. Certainly, augmenting T cell reactions by focusing on effector response regulators, such as for example glucocorticoid-induced or IL-2 tumor necrosis element receptor relative, promotes T cell immunity during chronic disease (Blattman et al., 2003; Clouthier et al., 2015). Canrenone Latest Canrenone work has started to elucidate the heterogeneity from the tired Compact disc8 T cell (TEX) inhabitants and has determined a progenitor subset that may repopulate even more terminally differentiated TEX cells that are short-lived but frequently have residual effector function; mixed, these populations preserve steady-state control of persistent disease long-term (He et al., 2016; Im et al., 2016; Leong et al., 2016; Paley et al., 2012; Utzschneider et al., 2016; Wu et al., 2016). These exhausted subsets differentiate and develop through the pool of KLRG1?CD127+ cells generated early in infection (Angelosanto et al., 2012), which in the framework of an severe infections would define storage precursor effector cells (MPEC), which continue to create the storage pool, in comparison using the short-lived effector cell inhabitants (SLEC) proclaimed by KLRG1+Compact disc127? appearance. During chronic disease, the to create storage is certainly dropped steadily, as Canrenone well as the KLRG1+ pool agreements as exhaustion advances. Multiple recent research determined the DNA-binding aspect TOX being a central drivers from the exhaustion plan (Alfei et al., 2019; Khan et al., 2019; Scott et al., 2019; Seo et al., 2019; Yao et al., 2019). In the lack of TOX, there’s a dramatic enlargement of KLRG1+ cells, but also a concomitant lack of ability to create TEX subsets or maintain an antiviral response, and TOX KO cells are dropped following infection rapidly. The contraction of the effector-like lineage is certainly directed with the transcription factor TCF1, which represses the KLRG1+ populace and promotes KLRG1? TEX progenitor cells (Chen et al., 2019). Despite these new insights, the role of cells marked by effector molecules such as KLRG1 and how these cells fit into the scenery of cells responding during chronic disease is not well comprehended. Identifying pathways that can enhance and, more importantly, sustain effector activity within an exhausted setting may offer novel strategies to improve the control of chronic diseases. CD4 effector cells also expand following infection and provide CD4 help to the CD8 response, promoting CD8 effector T cell growth, survival, and function (Snell et al., 2016; Swain et al., 2012). Mouse models of CD4 T cell deficiency showed that CD4 T Mouse monoclonal to BRAF cells are critical for controlling viral titers (Aubert et al., 2011; Matloubian et al., 1994; Zajac et al., 1998), and defective CD4 T cell responses correlate with persistent infection in human disease (Schulze Zur Wiesch et al., 2012). However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these phenomena.