text:
Written by: Seeking Health
Do you feel bloated, or like your digestive system just isn’t working right?
Do healthy foods or supplements, maybe even probiotics, make you feel worse, not better?
You’re not crazy, but you might have SIBO!
SIBO, which stands for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, is a digestive condition that can cause a host of unpleasant symptoms and discomfort. It occurs when bacteria from the large intestine, including good probiotics, end up proliferating in the small intestine where they don’t belong. This is known asdysbiosis.
Too much—or any amount—of a good thing where it doesn’t belong can have negative health consequences. SIBO can lead to brain fog, pain, diarrhea, nutrient imbalances in the body, and more. (1)
SIBO has not been widely studied and is still not completely understood. It can happen based on physical changes or problems, like structural abnormalities in the intestine itself or poor gut motility that struggles to move food efficiently through the digestive tract. (2)
SIBO can also be triggered in response to immune problems, Celiac disease, hypothyroidism, infections, irritable bowel disease (IBD) like Crohn’s or colitis, or having low levels of stomach acid. Gastric bypass procedures or surgeries that lead to adhesions can be causes of SIBO, too. People who have diabetes, diverticulosis, and other gastrointestinal disorders may also be at risk. (1)
The symptoms of SIBO are mostly gastrointestinal, but a few can impact other areas of the body. Most SIBO symptoms can be caused by something else, so be sure to keep your doctor updated on your health.
Common symptoms of SIBO include: (1, 3)
It is not known how common SIBO is or how many people are affected. (4, 5)
If you have symptoms of SIBO, check in with your doctor. The primary test for assessing SIBO is called a lactulose breath test. You’ll breathe into a tube after fasting overnight and then drink a sugary substance. A series of breath tests over the next few hours will follow. These tests measure specific gases—like methane and hydrogen—which can show up in higher volumes when bacteria are overproducing in the small intestine. (1)
To diagnose SIBO, physicians may also run blood and stool tests, along with a physical exam.
It’s important to address SIBO because the problem won’t go away on its own. Left unattended, it can lead to additional health issues with long-term consequences.
SIBO has a major impact on the small intestine’s role in digestion, which is where the bulk of foods are broken down and nutrients absorbed. SIBO can lead to problems digesting and absorbing fats, carbs, and proteins due to the rapid breakdown of digestive bile salts by the excess bacteria. This can also interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. When your body isn’t able to absorb or use these crucial nutrients, your immune system can be especially vulnerable. (1)
SIBO can also damage the small intestinal mucous lining, further harming the gut’s ability to absorb or make nutrients. The gut plays a key role in synthesizing as well as using B12, so if you already have methylation issues, SIBO can further complicate the matter, leading to B12 deficiency known as megaloblastic anemia. (5)
Irritable bowel syndrome, or IBS, may also be associated significantly with SIBO. Research found that SIBO is more common among IBS patients than not, and is now being studied for its potential roles in triggering IBS in the first place. (6) One study found that 84 percent of IBS patients also had SIBO, compared to only 20 percent of the control group. (5) Frequent bouts of diarrhea occur with SIBO because the bacteria affect how food breaks down in the gut, often leading to rapid transit time. This can cause potential malabsorption, malnutrition, and weight loss.
While most people don’t think of the gut when it comes to bone health, any element of compromised gut health like SIBO, leaky gut, or Celiac disease can lead to poor bone density and osteoporosis. Your gut is responsible for absorbing the nutrients needed to keep bones strong: calcium, vitamin D, trace minerals, and magnesium. Since your body prioritizes balance, it will withdraw these nutrients from bone stores to keep blood levels stable, but eventually, your stores will run short. (1)
SIBO has also been associated with other conditions like restless leg syndrome, kidney stones, chronic fatigue, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, leaky gut, and fibromyalgia. (5) Even your diet can contribute to SIBO if you eat a carb-heavy food plan that includes a lot of grains, garlic, onions, and fruits. (7)
If you have symptoms of SIBO or a related condition, don’t wait around to see if things can get worse. Follow these five steps to get your health back on track.
If you’ve tested and confirmed SIBO, there are targeted ways to get your health back on track.
Because SIBO is a condition of bacteria ending up where they don’t belong, it’s often treated with antibiotics. In many cases, this is the only way to restore normal levels of bacteria in the small intestine. Common antibiotics used for SIBO are rifaximin, cephalexin, or neomycin. In addition to these, antimicrobial herbs or supplements can be used to treat SIBO and prevent recurrences, but are often not enough to work alone in the fight against small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. (8) However, some research has shown that in SIBO patients with mild cases or in those experiencing antibiotic resistance, targeted herbal therapy can have a similar result to some antibiotics. Potent herbs that may have a medicinal effect include yarrow, stemona, wormwood, dill, pau d’arco, stinging nettle, and olive leaf. (9)
Following the right kind of therapeutic diet plan during SIBO treatment is critical. Certain types of foods will continue to feed the bacteria that are thriving where they shouldn’t be. By cutting those off, and following through with other treatment, the small bowel can be restored to normal order.
A SIBO diet is often based on a low FODMAP plan or a GAPS diet. FODMAP stands for fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols. Basically, it’s a way of managing specific types of carbohydrates that you eat. A GAPS diet is another protocol that focuses on addressing digestive health. Both will manage the types of carbohydrates that could be wreaking havoc on your digestive system.
Because carbohydrates are the primary driver of SIBO, your protein and healthy fat intake are not influenced by a low FODMAP diet.Food to avoid on a Low FODMAP diet:
You’ll continue eating healthy proteins like grass-fed beef, wild-caught seafood, and pasture-raised poultry as well as healthy fats like avocado oil, olive oil, tallow, lard, and grass-fed butter.
You can support digestive health and overall wellness with specific supplements. You should always work with your doctor to determine what course of treatment, diet, and supplements are right for you.
There are two factors to consider when supporting your SIBO treatment with a healthy supplement regimen. First, it’s important to replenish nutrients that may be deficient due to bacterial interference. Second, focus on optimizing your digestion to improve the body’s ability to break down nutrients.†
The following supplements help support a healthy digestive system:†
When it comes to probiotics and SIBO, your healthcare provider will have to weigh in. Some probiotics can initially worsen SIBO by adding more bacteria to an already overpopulated small intestine. However, following treatment with antibiotics or during herbal therapy, those with SIBO may benefit from low-dose probiotic support.†
SIBO is a digestive condition that can cause unpleasant symptoms like bloating, diarrhea, nausea, gas, and more. You can’t diagnose it at home, so you’ll need to work with your doctor to get answers. Once you know what you’re dealing with, SIBO can respond to targeted treatment supported by a healthy dietary plan.


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Cory Environmental and Wheelabrator Technologies have won planning permission to build a 268,000 tonnes-a-year energy-from-waste plant at Willows Business Park in King's Lynn.
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Cory Environmental, the London-based waste management group with 1,300 staff and ten landfill sites, has been sold by Montagu Private Equity to a consortium led by ABN Amro for £588m.
Cory Environmental is seeking planning permission to build a new MBT waste treatment plant in St Helens by 2010.
Cory Environmental is planning to develop a multi-million pound recycling plant to transform household waste into fertiliser and energy at Stanway Hall Quarry near Colchester.


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Issued 05/01/2015; Effective 05/01/2015 Reviewed Last: In Process
SECTION 1. PURPOSE .
. 01 This Order prescribes the policy and responsibilities for management and utilization of aircraft, both manned and unmanned, in support of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Programs .
02 This Order is a revision of NOAA Administrative Order (NAO) 216-104, Management and
Utilization of Aircraft.
03 Standardized aircraft operational details can be found in the Aircraft Operations Center
(AOC) Policy 220-1 Aircraft Operations Manual and the NOAA Unmanned Aircraft Systems
SECTION 2. Scope.
01 This Order governs the management and utilization of all aircraft activities within NOAA, including Commercial Aviation Services (CAS) and Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). Requirements for collecting and reporting utilization of CAS in order to comply with
government-wide reporting requirements and for serving as the point of contact for those who intend to use those services, are assigned to the Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO).
SECTION 3. Definitions.
01 Throughout this Order, "aircraft" refers to both manned and unmanned aircraft, unless
specifically stated otherwise. "Corporate UAS" are UAS that can be classified as NOAA capital assets that are operated for all of NOAA by AOC, owned by AOC, and allocated through the Fleet Council. "Field UAS" fall below the capital asset threshold and meet AOC criteria for being owned and operated by individual line offices in compliance with AOC policy. "Corporate aircraft" refers to all manned aircraft and corporate UAS .
02 Refer to Appendix A for definitions of terms used in this Order.
SECTION 4. Policy.
. 01 NOAA manned aircraft and UAS are public aircraft, as defined at 49 U.S. Code (U.S.C.) §40102(a) (41), and applicable Federal Aviation Administration policies and gui~ance. When conducting public aircraft operations, NOAA aircraft are not subject to Federal Aviation Regulations, except for those prescribed under the authority of 49 U.S.C. Subtitle VII, pertaining to the use of airspace, the control of air traffic, and aircraft registration. However, aircraft shall be operated and maintained in accordance with all pertinent regulations set forth by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the Department of Defense (DOD), and NOAA's AOC unless a deviation is approved by the Commanding Officer, AOC. In addition, aircraft shall be operated and maintained in accordance with all the aircraft manufacturer's recommendations unless a deviation is approved by the Commanding Officer .
. 02 For UAS, the FAA has established interim operational approval guidance in the U.S. National Airspace System (NAS) in order to ensure alternate means of compliance with the regulations in 14 Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R.) Chapter I (Federal Aviation Regulations). Furthermore, the Interagency Committee for Aviation Policy (ICAP) has determined that Federal agencies will manage UAS as aircraft under Federal Management Regulation (FMR) Chapter 102 Part 33, 41C.F.R.§102.33. Management and operation ofNOAA aircraft and UAS will adhere to the FMR regulation and the FAA guidance along with any subsequent revisions/rules .
. 03 Management and operational control of all aircraft are functions and responsibilities of
. 04 All NOAA UAS operations will be approved by OMAO to ensure safety and compliance
with regulations and policy. Line Offices will be responsible for determining operational goals, mission payloads, and flight strategies within the bounds established by OMAO for safe operation of aircraft and appropriate use of corporate aircraft. Line Offices shall consult with the UAS Program Office on latest technologies to meet their mission needs.
OMAO has established training requirements, standards, and policy for UAS within NOAA. NOAA Line Offices may own and operate field UAS and operate corporate UAS with line office qualified pilots in accordance with AOC policy. Line offices will adhere to these policies and AOC will provide oversight of these systems by approving qualified pilots, system airworthiness, and operations. Line offices will coordinate all acquisitions ofUAS with OMAO to ensure that systems being procured meet safety and regulatory requirements and that NOAA complies with federal UAS policy and reporting requirements.
UAS that exceed the capital asset threshold may be designated as field UAS by request of the NOAA Center or Line Office to AOC. The NOAA Center or Line Office will be required to
complete an approved Standard Operating Procedures Manual.
.05 No officer or employee is permitted to use or authorize the use of any Government-owned, operated, or exclusively used aircraft for other than official purposes (31 U.S.C. § 1349(b)) .
. 06 All NOAA aircraft will be used in an effective and efficient manner for the conduct of
approved projects .
. 07 For corporate aircraft, NOAA will maintain airworthiness and employ appropriate aircraft operating standards to ensure optimum safety of flight. Only qualified and designated personnel will serve as NOAA pilots, navigators, flight engineers, crew chiefs, operators or other crewmembers. For field UAS, Line Offices shall follow AOC airworthiness guidelines .
08 AOC will continually appraise requirements, use, safety, materiel condition, and operating costs of all NOAA aircraft .
09 NOAA will use scheduled air carrier service for transportation of personnel and cargo
10 Aircraft obtained solely for spares will not be subject to the aircraft acquisition process.
Such aircraft will not be recorded as part of the active NOAA inventory. Any action to assign
inactive aircraft to flight status will be subject to the aircraft acquisition approval process .
11 Assignment of corporate aircraft to NOAA projects will be made in accordance with the
OMAO Aircraft Allocation Procedure .
12 NOAA-controlled inactive aircraft will be disposed of when there are no further program
requirements within NOAA. Disposal of NOAA-owned inactive aircraft will be in accordance
with Federal Property Management Regulations and the OMAO Aircraft Sale/Disposal Process .
13 Registration and Identification of Aircraft.
a. NOAA-owned manned aircraft will be registered with the FAA. The Certificate of
Registration will be displayed in the aircraft in accordance with FAA requirements.
b. All NOAA-owned manned aircraft will display markings as required by FAA
Regulations for registered aircraft of the United States.
c. All NOAA-owned unmanned aircraft will be registered and marked as the prevailing
requirements for such are dictated by the FAA.
d. All NOAA-owned manned aircraft will be painted in accordance with NAO 201-115 .
14 Persons on board NOAA aircraft are limited:
- to those whose presence is required for mission performance or who are associated with that mission;
- to officers and employees of the U.S. Government traveling on official business;
- to Members of Congress and employees of Congressional committee staffs whose work relates to NOAA Programs;
- to non-U.S. Government employees with crew member status or a scientific reason for being on the flight who are engaged in activities that enhance accomplishment of a NOAA Program (e.g., personnel of cooperating state, county, or local agencies or universities; representatives of foreign governments; and contractors' representatives);
- to Foreign Nationals with crew member status or a scientific reason for being on the flight who are engaged in activities that enhance accomplishment of a NOAA Program that have been cleared in accordance with NAO 207-12, Technology Controls and Foreign National Access, and OMAO Policy "Foreign National Access to NMAO Facilities and Platforms" dated 16MAR06.
- For NOAA aircraft that do not have FAA airworthiness certificates, only crewmembers or other persons aboard the aircraft whose presence is required to perform, or is associated with the performance of, a governmental function are allowed on board such aircraft as defined by FAA Advisory Circular No. 1-1 on Government-owned aircraft. The Director of OMAO shall be responsible for complying with this requirement. The Oceans and
Coasts Section of NOAA's General Counsel (NOAA GC) should be consulted when
questions arise as to the interpretation of the FAA requirements .
15 The incidental transportation of persons not meeting the conditions of Section 4.14 of this Order is permitted on a space-available basis as approved by NOAA GC, provided it is not prohibited by regulation and it does not affect the official use of the aircraft.
SECTION 5. RESPONSIBILITIES.
. 01 The Director, Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO), has overall management authority for NOAA aircraft and shall:
- chair the Fleet Council in accordance with the Fleet Council Terms of Reference (TOR);
- issue the Annual Call for NOAA aircraft time requests in accordance with the OMAO
Aircraft Allocation Procedure;
- oversee NOAA aircraft utilization reporting methods and procedures;
- be the approval authority for Foreign National access to NOAA aircraft and OMAO
facilities in accordance with NAO 207-12, Technology Controls and Foreign National
Access and OMAO policy; and
- ensure Foreign National activities on NOAA aircraft and in OMAO facilities are
conducted in accordance with NAO 207-12, Technology Controls and Foreign National Access and OMAO policy
02 The Aviation Safety Program Manager (ASPM) shall:
- administer the Aviation Safety Program for CAS in accordance with NAO 209-124,
Aviation Safety Policy; and
- maintain and report cost and utilization data for NOAA's use of CAS in accordance with the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and GSA requirements .
03 The Chief, Policy Planning/Program Services (PPP), through the PPP staff, shall:
- participate in the OMAO Aircraft Allocation Process in accordance with its terms;
- provide interface between NOAA and other Federal Agencies to meet aircraft related
- maintain current and accurate aircraft allocation plans throughout the covered cycle
04 The Aircraft Working Group (AWG) contains one representative from each Line Office
appointed by its respective Assistant Administrator and one representative from OMAO, and shall:
- provide the Fleet Council with recommendations and assistance to support its functions in accordance with the Terms of Reference; and
- participate in the OMAO Aircraft Allocation Procedure in accordance with its terms .
05 The Commanding Officer, Aircraft Operations Center (AOC), shall:
- maintain operational authority over NOAA aircraft to ensure safe, efficient, and effective use of resources;
- provide logistical, technical, and administrative support necessary for the successful
accomplishment of NOAA corporate aircraft schedules;
- represent NOAA on external and interagency groups in the area of aircraft management;
- approve, by waiver, deviations from policies regarding the qualifications of pilots and
other crew members as set forth in the AOC Flight Operations Policy;
- review current aircraft requirements and associated costs on a continuing basis;
- administer policy and guidelines for the management and use of NOAA corporate aircraft and aircraft facilities, budgets, personnel, etc.;
- provide the interface between NOAA and elements of DOD and other Federal Agencies for the coordination of interagency agreements, and seek other agencies' support to serve NOAA's aircraft related needs (Line Offices are responsible for planning their science programs on other Federal Agency aircraft and shall keep AOC informed of their interagency aircraft activity);
- obtain the required clearances from foreign government(s) through the Department of State for NOAA corporate aircraft operations abroad (the Commanding Officer, AOC, will advise NOAA offices and programs when approvals have been obtained from foreign government( s) );
- coordinate annual meetings with Program Managers to jointly review possible means for improvement in operational support;
- develop policies governing the management of NOAA aircraft, standard operating
procedures, aviation personnel, and related matters;
- perform technical assessment and evaluation of proposed acquisitions, classifications, assignments, and dispositions of NOAA aircraft;
- review and evaluate the adequacy of facilities and the procedures for corporate aircraft operations and maintenance;
- develop and maintain current information on AOC corporate aircraft operations and
related budgetary and cost data;
- support the Fleet Council in assessing current and future operational requirements and evaluate the effectiveness of NOAA corporate aircraft to meet those requirements;
- make recommendations to the Fleet Council to approve the replacement, disposition, and acquisition of NOAA corporate aircraft as required to meet agency objectives, together with the funding responsibilities for operations;
- maintain liaison with other government agencies and the private sector on matters
pertaining to aircraft operations and maintenance;
- provide authorization for personnel with official flight duties to perform, operate, or travel on NOAA aircraft;
- administer the Foreign National/Deemed Export program for NOAA corporate aircraft and AOC facilities in accordance with NAO 207-12, Technology Controls and Foreign National Access and OMAO policy;
- ensure all NOAA aircraft operations comply with the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), 15 CFR Parts 730-774;
- ensure all NOAA aircraft operations comply with International Traffic in Arms
Regulations (IT AR) requirements;
- ensure an Operational Risk Management (ORM) review is conducted for each project assigned to NOAA aircraft and UAS;
- ensure safety investigations are conducted for all incidents involving NOAA aircraft,
- develop criteria and approve all NOAA UAS airworthiness, flight operations, and UAS crewmembers designations;
- ensure that UAS operations do not pose unacceptable risks to persons or property,
operations meet applicable statutory and regulatory requirements, maintain a standardized process to review and approve NOAA UAS operations, identify roles and responsibilities consistent with federal regulation managing UAS, and ensure that applicable government reporting requirements are met;
- develop standards for, monitor and provide oversight of, and delegate authority for field UAS operations and management to NOAA Line Offices for UAS that are non-capital assets and meet criteria for line office control in the UAS Handbook;
- review Line Office requests for UAS procurement to provide guidance on UAS operations and ensure that pertinent AOC and government policy are being met; and
- when requested by a Line Office or Center, waive the capital asset threshold for corporate UAS with appropriate justification such as specially modified UAS being used for research and development. The NOAA Center or Line Office will be required to complete an approved Standard Operating Procedures Manual.
06 AOC's Program and Projects Staff shall:
- participate in the OMAO Aircraft Allocation Procedure in accordance with its terms;
- provide cost estimates for NOAA aircraft support of projects; and
- work with Program/Project Managers on programmatic and logistical requirements, and on development of Project Instructions for NOAA aircraft .
07 NOAA Line Offices shall each:
- designate a representative to the AWG;
- assist their A WG representative in the OMAO Aircraft Allocation Procedure in accordance with its terms;
- ensure NOAA Form (NF) 57-11-52 Charter Aircraft Services Report, is completed in
accordance with requirements;
- submit all requests for UAS operations to AOC; and
- coordinate all UAS acquisitions with AOC .
08 Program Managers requiring aircraft support shall take the following actions:
- upon recognition of the need for CAS, submit a NF 57-11-51 Aircraft Support Request, to OMAO;
- upon issuance of the Annual Call, prepare a NF 57-11-51 for each request for NOAA aircraft time and forward to the A WG representative in accordance with instructions for the Annual Call;
- coordinate with OMAO and AOC on projects that will utilize aircraft by:
- drafting project protocol(s) covering the scientific and technical aspects of field work, and forwarding such protocol(s) to the AOC Programs and Projects Staff for comment as early as practical
- supplying resources necessary to install, operate, and maintain special equipment aboard aircraft in a timely manner;
- completing and submitting customer satisfaction evaluations; and
- participating with the AOC Programs and Projects Staff in pre- and post-project briefings.
- if commercial aviation services are utilized, submit 57-11-52 Charter Aircraft Services Report, to ASPM within 30 days of completion of the agreement, along with copies of purchase orders, contracts, or receipts. The reporting requirement applies to all methods of acquisition, including bankcard. Include the clearance number, as assigned by ASPM, on the NF 57-11-52 in order to ensure the cost and utilization data may be matched with the initial project request;
- cooperate with OMAO on budget initiatives to acquire enhanced NOAA aircraft
capabilities to support future Program requirements; and
- comply with NAO 207-12, Technology Controls and Foreign National Access, and
OMAO policy, for access to NOAA aircraft and/or OMAO facilities if foreign national personnel are participating in their project.
.09Acquisition offices shall ensure requests for CAS and UAS include an OMAO-assigned
clearance number. As awards are made, acquisition offices should provide ASPM with a copy of each obligating document .
10 Finance offices shall monitor CAS-related documents and shall provide CAS disbursement information upon request of ASPM.
SECTION 6. References.
. 01 14 C.F.R. § 91, Federal Aviation Regulations .
. 02 22 C.F.R. §§ 120-130, International Traffic in Arms Regulations .
. 03 31 u.s.c. § 1349 .
. 04 49 u.s.c. § 40102 .
. 05 49 U.S.C. § 40125GSA BULLETIN FMR Bulletin-24 UNMANNED AIRCRAFT
. 06 NAO 201-101, NOAA Fleet Allocation Council REVOCATION NOTICE .
. 07 NAO 201-115, NOAA Aircraft, Color and Identification .
. 08 NAO 207-12, Technology Controls and Foreign National Access .
. 09 NAO 209-124, Aviation Safety Policy .
. 10 AOC Policy 220-1 Aircraft Operations Manual.
.11 AOC Policy 220-1-5 Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Operations .
. 12 NOAA Fleet Council Terms of Reference .
. 13 NOAA Unmanned Aircraft System Handbook.
SECTION 7. EFFECT ON OTHER ISSUANCES.
01 This Order supersedes NAO 216-104, Management and Utilization of Aircraft, dated
February 10, 2003 .
02 NOAA UNSEC signs because there is no delegation of authority for this NAO.
An electronic copy of this Order will be posted in place of the superseded Order on the NOAA Office of the Chief Administrative Officer website under the NOAA Administrative Issuances Section.
Under Secretary of Commerce for
Oceans and Atmosphere
Office of Primary Interest:
NOAA Marine and Aviation Operations
Aircraft Operations Center
Policy Planning / Program Services
Appendix A to NAO 216-104-A
Aircraft - Light or heavy, single or multi-engine, manned and unmanned, airplanes and
Bailed Aircraft - A Federal aircraft owned by one executive agency, but in the custody of and
operated by another executive agency under an agreement that may or may not include costreimbursement. Bailments are executive agency-to-executive agency agreements and involve only aircraft, not services.
Capitalized Personal Property - Non-expendable personal property with a useful life of 2 years or more and an acquisition cost above a predetermined threshold. NOAA capitalizes its nonexpendable personal property with an original acquisition value of $200,000 or more.
Capitalization is a financial term which means that the acquisition cost of the asset is recorded in the general ledger of the agency's financial management accounts and its cost is expensed over the asset's useful life in the form of depreciation.
Chartered Aircraft - An aircraft that an executive agency hires commercially under a
contractual agreement specifying performance and one-time exclusive use. The commercial source operates and maintains a charter aircraft. A charter is one form of a full service contract.
Commercial aviation services (CAS) include:
- aircraft leased for exclusive use or lease-purchased with the intent of taking title;
- aircraft chartered or rented for exclusive use;
- aircraft and related aviation services (i.e., "full services") contracted for or obtained through an inter-service support agreement (ISSA) for exclusive use, regardless of the length of the contract or agreement; or
- related aviation services (e.g., services of a pilot, or aircraft maintenance, but not for the aircraft) obtained via commercial contract or ISSA, other than for support of NOAA aircraft.
- Note: Official travel on scheduled air carrier is not a "commercial aviation service."
Federal Aircraft - A government aircraft that an executive agency owns (holds title to) or
borrows for any length of time. When an executive agency loans or bails an aircraft that meets the criteria for Federal aircraft, that loaned or bailed aircraft is still considered a Federal aircraft in the owning agency's inventory.
Full Service Contract - A contractual agreement through which an executive agency acquires an aircraft and related aviation services (e.g., pilot, crew, maintenance, catering) for exclusive use. Aircraft hired under full service contracts are CAS, not Federal aircraft, regardless of the length of the contract.
Government Aircraft - A Federal (i.e., owned or borrowed) aircraft or a commercial aircraft hired as a CAS aircraft. Inter-service Support Agreement (ISSA) - Any agreement between two or more executive agencies in which one agency consents to perform aviation support services (i.e., operating an aircraft and providing other aviation services or providing only services) for another agency with or without cost reimbursement.
Leased Aircraft - An aircraft hired under a commercial contractual agreement in which an
executive agency has exclusive use of the aircraft for an agreed upon period of time. The
acquiring executive agency operates and maintains the aircraft. Leased aircraft are hired as CAS.
NOAA Aircraft- For the purposes of this Order, NOAA aircraft means an aircraft that NOAA
owns (holds title to) or borrows for any length of time.
Public Aircraft - Defmed in section 40102 of title 49 of the U.S. Code (49 U.S.C. § 40102.)
Rental Aircraft - An aircraft hired commercially under an agreement in which the executive
agency has exclusive use of the aircraft for an agreed upon period of time. The executive agency operates, but does not maintain, a rental aircraft.
Unmanned Aircraft (UA) - An aircraft operated without the possibility of direct human
intervention from within or on the aircraft.
Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) -Airframe, ground control station, command and control
links, and crewmembers.

domain: aerospace


text:
Ever since baristas at a Buffalo, New York, Starbucks location voted to form a union, the coffee behemoth’s position has been clear: it has no plans to work cooperatively with its workers as they exercise their legally protected right to organize. Now, the chain is ramping up its anti-union rhetoric across the country, and some baristas say that Starbucks managers are “threatening” workers’ healthcare benefits in an effort to squash the chain’s rapidly growing unionization movement.
In a complaint filed on Monday with the National Labor Relations Board, workers at an Oklahoma City Starbucks allege that they were pulled into a meeting and told by management that they could lose access to trans-inclusive healthcare offered by the company if their union effort succeeds, Bloomberg reports. Starbucks first announced in 2013 that it would expand its healthcare benefits to include gender confirmation surgery and in 2018 expanded that benefit to cover other procedures, like breast augmentation and facial feminization surgery. Of course, without a union, those benefits have always been available to employees on Starbucks’s terms, meaning that they could have been unilaterally rescinded at any time.
Although the company denies that it has threatened to withhold benefits for unionizing workers — likely because that practice is illegal under the National Labor Relations Act — it’s a common tactic for anti-union employers like Starbucks. If found true, the allegations of threatening to withhold these lifesaving benefits would be in keeping with Starbucks’s treatment of the union since the first stores voted to unionize in 2021. The company has engaged in a wide range of anti-union actions, from firing workers involved in organizing campaigns to interim CEO Howard Schultz yelling at a barista who asked him why the company has assumed such an aggressively anti-union posture. On June 10, workers at an Ithaca Starbucks that had unionized said that they were given less than a week’s notice that their store would close. Two other (non-union) Ithaca locations remain open.
Starbucks has faced dozens of unfair labor practice charges from the union, and in May, the NLRB ruled that the company had to reinstate — and compensate with back pay — seven workers at a Memphis location who were fired by the company in retaliation for their involvement with the union. Also in May, Starbucks announced that it would raise its minimum wage to $15 at all locations, but said that it planned to withhold future pay increases from workers at stores that have voted to unionize.
But threatening trans-inclusive healthcare at this specific moment feels especially ghoulish, even for Starbucks. Trans rights are under attack across the country, and that’s especially true in a state like Oklahoma, where legislators have passed at least three bills this year targeting trans Oklahomans. In May, Gov. Kevin Stitt signed into law a bill that requires trans students at Oklahoma public schools to use the bathroom that matches the gender on their birth certificates. The bill also threatens to remove funding from schools who do not comply. That legislation follows an executive order from Stitt that bans even trans adults from changing gender markers on their birth certificates.
“Trans rights are labor rights. Our fight to make this state better for transgender people will also benefit all workers, and the current wave of unionization makes the workplace a safer place for transgender people,” said Neha Cremin, a worker at an Oklahoma City Starbucks. “Most of my coworkers are queer, and many of us rely on the transgender healthcare benefits. We are uniquely vulnerable when Starbucks makes veiled threats that gender-affirming healthcare could be taken away. Many of us began working at Starbucks because it was the only realistic way we could think to afford transition-related healthcare.”
Starbucks has long positioned itself as a progressive company, especially when it comes to its benefits, including trans-inclusive healthcare and college tuition assistance. But those days may be coming to an end. Along with the company’s anti-worker actions, Schultz has said that Starbucks could soon ditch its “open bathrooms” policy, which was implemented in 2018 after two Black men at a Philadelphia Starbucks were denied access to the bathroom and later arrested for trespassing because they had not yet made a purchase.
At this point, it’s clear that Starbucks is afraid of the union, and rightfully so. More than 250 stores have announced their intention to unionize, and 100 have voted to form a union. Starbucks Workers United is no longer an annoying fly that Schultz can swat away with a few unfair labor practices here and there; it’s a growing movement that is winning both in the court of public opinion and at the NLRB.
It’s possible, though, that Starbucks’s anti-union view could change dramatically when it finally finds a new CEO. The company is currently “looking externally” for a new leader and hopes to announce Schultz’s successor sometime in the fall.
Update: June 14, 2022, 2:50 p.m.: This article was updated to include a quote from a Starbucks worker in Oklahoma City.

domain: sociology


Pure Ocean Fund
Marine conservation awareness and education, Project financing, Funding of projects
Pure Ocean is an international endowment fund based in Marseille and Lorient. Its main mission is to mobilize civil society in order to support ambitious and innovative scientific projects for the protection of biodiversity and fragile marine ecosystems. Pure Ocean selects projects with a strong innovative dimension, whether technological, ecological or social. Pure Ocean also raises public awareness of the situation of endangered ecosystems by highlighting solutions to protect them through conferences, the promotion of races and sporting challenges or the provision of “La Goutte Bleue” waste collection kits.


text:
People who sleep for less than 6 hours a night in their 50s and 60s appear to be more likely to develop dementia than their peers who get at least 7 hours of sleep each night, according to a new study.
“We showed that a consistent association between short sleep duration in midlife and risk of dementia. This association was not explained by mental disorders and other chronic conditions known to be associated with dementia,” Séverine Sabia, PhD, from University of Paris, France, told Medscape Medical News.
“This study highlights the importance of having good sleep hygiene for brain health,” Sabia added.
The study was published online April 20 in Nature Communications.
“In studies on dementia, it is important to keep in mind the long preclinical period of dementia,” Sabia noted. As most dementias are characterized by various pathophysiological changes over 20 years or more, studies with a long follow-up are needed to gain insight into the association between sleep duration and subsequent dementia.
Until now, much of the evidence on this association comes from studies with follow-up lasting less than 10 years.
For the study, investigators examined the association in 7959 participants from the UK Whitehall II cohort who were followed for 25 years using repeated measures of sleep duration starting in midlife.
During follow-up, there were 521 diagnosed cases of dementia.
The results showed a higher dementia risk associated with a sleep duration of 6 hours or less at age 50 and 60, compared with a normal 7-hour sleep duration, although this was imprecisely estimated for sleep duration at age 70, the researchers note.
Table. Sleep duration <6 hours and risk for incident dementia
|Age||Fully adjusted HR (95% CI)||P value|
|50 years||1.22 (1.01 – 1.48)||.04|
|60 years||1.37 (1.10 – 1.72)||.005|
|70 years||1.24 (0.98 – 1.57)||.10|
In addition, they found that persistent short sleep duration at age 50, 60 and 70 years, compared with persistent normal sleep duration, was also associated with a 30% increased risk for dementia, independent of sociodemographic, behavioral, cardiometabolic, and mental health factors.
The findings were confirmed using an objective measure (accelerometer) of sleep duration in a subsample of participants.
There was no clear evidence of an association between long sleep duration and incident dementia, as has been reported in some studies.
Strong Supportive Evidence
“There is intense interest in whether poor sleep could cause or worsen dementia and, therefore, whether improving sleep might help prevent dementia,” Elizabeth Coulthard, MBBS, PhD, consultant senior lecturer in dementia neurology, University of Bristol, UK, said in a statement from the UK nonprofit Science Media Centre.
“Before this study there was already strong evidence that sleep becomes abnormal before dementia is diagnosed. But this still does not tell us whether sleep triggers or exacerbates dementia because the brain changes that cause dementia start many years before a diagnosis. We know that established dementia is associated with poor sleep,” said Coulthard, who was not involved in the study.
This new study, said Coulthard, “adds new information to the emerging picture” because sleep is reported in a middle-aged cohort followed for more than two decades.
“This means that at least some of the people who went on to develop dementia probably did not already have it at the start of the study when their sleep was first assessed. So it strengthens the evidence that poor sleep in middle age could cause or worsen dementia in later life,” Coulthard said.
Also weighing in on the study, Tom Dening, MD, head of the Centre for Dementia at the Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, UK, said there is evidence that sleep disturbance can occur a long time before the onset of other clinical evidence of dementia.
“However, this study cannot establish cause and effect,” Dening cautioned.
“Maybe it is simply a very early sign of the dementia that is to come, but it’s also quite likely that poor sleep is not good for the brain and leaves it vulnerable to neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s disease,” Dening said.
“Turning off mobile phones and avoiding caffeine before bed are good habits to have as we already know the importance of good sleep on health more generally. However, we would need further studies to know if longer sleep in itself could reduce the risk of dementia later in life,” he added.
The study had no commercial funding. Sabia, Coulthard, and Dening have disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Nat Commun. Published online April 20, 2021. Full text
For more Medscape Neurology news, join us on Facebook and Twitter
Source: Read Full Article

domain: biology


text:
Synopsis by Cammila Collar
Recca Hanabishi aspires above all things to be a ninja. This isn't the usual career path that a high-schooler chooses, but there is a reason for Recca's unexplainably strong interest: in reality, he is descended from a family of ninjas who have the control of fire. Now even familiar faces are revealing truly insidious intentions and sides he never knew existed; a girl he meets named Yanagi turns out to be a princess with magical healing powers and he must protect her from his own adoptive father who wishes to use her power to attain eternal life. Now with the help of his friends, Recca must gain the strength to live out the adventure he's been imagining all his life.
immortality, Ninja, princess

domain: movie


Billed as a fusion between traditional watchmaking and the technology of the future, the Minute Repeater Cathedral was unveiled at the recent BaselWorld watch and jewellery fair in Switzerland.
The timpiece features two “cathedral” type gongs, and a tourbillon and column wheel chronograph with carbon fiber bridges. It also comes with a case made from carbon fibre, titanium and rubber.
The minute repeater, activated by means of a lever situated between 8 and 10 o'clock, sounds the hours, quarter-hours and minutes. The bolt is cleverly integrated into the King Power case middle, just like the chronograph control push-piece subtly integrated into the watch's crown.
Other features include a manual-winding mechanical movement boasting a 5-day power reserve, as well as a centrally situated hour and minute indicator allowing for a conventional readout.
The flying tourbillon – with suspended cage – is placed at 6 o'clock, whilst the cage rotates without a ball bearing, and has a Swiss lever escapement.
The watch is priced between €209 - €256.


text:
Acne And Adolescents
It's hard enough to be a teenager but if your teen is suffering from acne and adolescence at the same time you may have some questions. Acne and adolescence may go hand-in-hand but there are ways to improve the situation.
If acne and adolescence have become a problem at your house, read on.
Many people feel that acne and adolescence happen because the teen does not keep their face clean enough. This is not necessarily true. Sometimes acne and adolescence happen even when the teen washes his face faithfully. You could try a wash that is made for acne.
Acne and adolescence also is linked to diet. Reports vary on this topic with some believing that if the kids cut out chocolate, fried and fast foods all will be well. Others say that acne and adolescence have nothing to do with the diet.
Acne and adolescence can be minimized at times with a visit to the local drugstore. Chat with your pharmacist and see what she recommends for acne and adolescence.
Acne and adolescence can be improved when you see a dermatologist. A dermatologist may be able to work with the acne and adolescence situation and bring about great improvement.
Acne and adolescence can be made worse by certain medications like birth control pills. You should also avoid greasy creams and lotions if adolescence and acne are causing problems for your teen.
Make sure that the acne and adolescence problem is really not a reaction to allergies to food, cosmetics or other products.
Acne and adolescence may go together but it can be less of a problem with the correct solutions.
Timothy Gorman is a successful Webmaster and publisher of Clear-Skin-Solutions.com. He provides more acne clearing solutions, remedies and acne skin care products that you can research in your pajamas on his website.
Colon Cleaning May Help Acne Sufferers
Many doctors and alternative medicine practitioners believe that one essential component of achieving overall bodily health is having a colon that is clean and free of the toxins that can build up over time. Many of these same doctors and alternative medicine practitioners believe that one of the benefits of colon cleansing is the improvement of acne conditions.One process of colon cleansing is called colon hydrotherapy. This cleansing process involves the gentle bathing of the large intestine, or colon. The purified warm ...(related: Acne)
Accutane Side Effects: Should Depression Be A Concern?
Medical professionals and acne-pestered adolescents have no doubts about the effectiveness of the severe acne drug isotretinoin. It's the looming possibility of side effects such as depression and fetal damage that makes people uneasy when considering using this medication.Accutane (isotretinoin) is one of Hoffman-LaRoche's most popular and controversial pharmaceuticals. This week, a study published in the Archives of Dermatology vindicated isotretinoin from causing depression. In this report, Christina Y. Chia, MD, from Saint Louis University Health Sciences Center, St. Louis, and colleagues examined whether patients with moderate to se...(related: Acne)
Acne Scar Removal Cream
If you have acne scars you may be interested in acne scar removal cream. Where can you find acne scar removal cream? What can you expect from acne scar removal cream? You can get acne scar removal cream at a pharmacy. You may need to see a doctor or dermatologist for a prescription for acne scar removal cream.Sometimes people think they need acne scar removal help after they have had treatment for the scars. There are times when these scars are simply a color change and acne scar removal cream will not help and may not be needed at all. You may just need to give it some time.Mederma is a type of acne scar removal cream product. It is actually a gel based medication and has been very helpful in many situations.If the acne scars are brown in color you can use bleach wit...(related: Acne)
Calming Teenage Acne: How To Smooth Troubled Skin With A Holistic Approach... 7 Key Steps
To calm teenage acne the skin must be balanced both internally and externally. Getting back to nature ...(related: Acne)
Acne And Skin Problem Myths Debunked
Isn't skin a wonderful thing to have?An obvious benefit of skin is that it protects our bodies' internal organs from harmful elements like dirt, insects, bites, toxic chemicals, nasty weather, and the like, and it certainly is more attractive than what's underneath.When skin is healthy i...(related: Acne)
Oily Skin Care Can Treat Acne-prone, Shiny, Oily Skin
Oily skin is not only shiny, dull-colored, and coarse, it is also acne-prone, which means that a host of more serious problems can develop: blackheads, whiteheads, enlarged por...(related: Acne)
Adult Acne: Can It Still Be Cured?
The tales of adult acne has ever been a silent one, only told as whispers and an unfortunate few suffered from it, some may even refuse to show themselves to the world. The manifestation of adult acne has been recognized during the Eighties, when the yuppie generation has standardized of what is to become the hip urban lifestyle free of adult acne and any other lesions.Though adult acne is one aesthetic issue that is quite prevalent in the real world, nearly 25 percent of men, and about 50 percent of women ...(related: Acne)
A Look At Microdermabrasion Machines
Microdermabrasion systems are safe for most all skin types. Microdermabrasion systems actually evolved from a process known as dermabrasion. Though effective, especially for serious dermis scarring, dermabrasion is harsh, requiring a metallic re-surfacing tool, anesthesia, and long recovery times. Microdermabrasion systems, however, gently smooth signs of aging, sun damage, and scarring with micro-crystal creams. The beauty of micro-crystal creams is how powerfully they polish the skin, but remains gentle and forgiving.A special cleansing device circulates a cream, infused with ...(related: Acne)
Information On How To Treat Adult Acne
Although most teenagers get some form of acne, adults in their twenties, thirties, forties, or even older, can develop ...(related: Acne)
Proactive Facial Cleanser For Acne
Acne can be a tough problem to fight but it can be done. The question always becomes what is the best acne treatment? The answer is always the same, the product that works for you is the best treatment. One product that many have had success with is the Proactive facial cleanser.For those that are lucky enough not to have suffered from acne they tend to think it's just a minor problem, or that it's just a teenage problem. Nothing could be further from the truth. Acne can be can cause emotional turmoil and play on the one's self esteem. Teens are especially hit hard. In no other time in our lives is the way we loo...(related: Acne)
Retin-a For Acne Scars
Retin-A for acne scars is one possibility for the problem. Reitn-A for acne scars helps with healing and cuts down on the formation of new pimples.Talk to your doctor about Retin-A for acne scars and see what she recommends. Be sure to tell your doctor or dermatologist about any other medications you are taking before you consider Retin-A for acne scars.If you decide to use Retin-A for acne scars you may see results in two weeks. After using Retin-A for acne scars for seven weeks you should achieve full results.When you start us...(related: Acne)
Dairy Products And The Possible Effects Related To Acne
Continuing research into the causes of acne has brought to the forefront information related to diet and acne. There is new evidence that confirm the old wives tale of dairy and acne breakouts. Recent science now believes it is possible that milk, and dairy products in general, can contribute to acne breakoutsWhile not a new theory, there is increasing evidence that dairy products may contribute to acne outbreaks in teen...(related: Acne)
Is acne making your social life hell? Is everybody giving you their valuable advice on how to get rid of acne? Have you tried and tested everything in the market without any success? Its time to do some research and find more about the products available and the effect they have on your skin. Acne is a very personal issue and any medication you undergo should be personalized according to your individual traits. Hence ...(related: Acne)

domain: beauty


text:
"400 Days" centers on four astronauts sent on a simulated mission to a distant planet to test the psychological effects of deep space travel. Locked away for 400 days, the crew's mental ...
||15 Jan 2016
Trailer Screenshot Subtitle Indonesia
Download via File.Rocks Download via MyLinkGen


text:
Is your feline friend losing fur faster than usual? Hair loss in cats, scientifically known as alopecia, can be a puzzling and concerning issue for many pet owners. While shedding is a normal part of a cat’s life, excessive hair loss can indicate a variety of health problems. At Minnieville Animal Hospital in Woodbridge, VA, we’re here to help you understand the top 5 causes of hair loss in cats.
1. Allergies – The Hidden Culprit of Cat Hair Loss
Allergies are one of the most common causes of hair loss in cats. These reactions can stem from a variety of factors, such as certain foods, environmental elements like pollen, or even certain materials found in your cat’s bedding. Allergic reactions often lead to itchy, inflamed skin that may result in your cat scratching or licking excessively, causing hair loss.
2. Parasites – Unseen Invaders Leading to Fur Loss
Parasites, including fleas, mites, and lice, are another leading cause of hair loss in our feline companions. Infestations can lead to persistent scratching and over-grooming, which often results in noticeable hair loss. Besides, some cats may also be allergic to flea saliva, which exacerbates hair loss.
3. Dermatitis – When Skin Inflammation Causes Hair Loss
Dermatitis, a condition that leads to inflamed skin, can also result in significant hair loss in cats. It can be caused by various factors such as contact with certain chemicals, irritants, or even sunburn. Dermatitis often leads to scratching and over-grooming due to discomfort, contributing to fur loss.
4. Hormonal Imbalances – An Overlooked Cause of Hair Loss
Endocrine diseases, such as hyperthyroidism and certain adrenal disorders, can cause hormonal imbalances in cats. These imbalances can disrupt the hair growth cycle, resulting in thinning fur or hair loss. It’s important to note that hormonal imbalances often come with other symptoms like changes in appetite, behavior, or weight.
5. Fungal Infections – A Stealthy Cause of Hair Loss
Fungal infections, such as ringworm, can cause circular patches of hair loss in cats. While this is more common in kittens, adult cats are not immune. Hair loss from ringworm is often accompanied by crusty, inflamed skin.
Understanding the reasons behind your feline friend’s hair loss is crucial to providing them with the best care. While this guide offers an overview of the possible causes, it is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice. If your cat is experiencing abnormal hair loss, it’s always best to consult with an experienced veterinarian.
At Minnieville Animal Hospital, we are here to help your furry friends stay healthy and happy. If you are concerned about your cat’s hair loss, don’t hesitate to contact us at (703) 680-4000 to schedule an appointment.

domain: pet


A Look at the Buffer-Overflow Hack
The fact that an application is used all over the Web does not mean it is secure, so take care when installing a new application on your machine. In fact, WWW applications are more likely to be searched deeply for security holes by crackers with bad intent. System administrators should read the security newsgroup and related web pages in order to keep applications known to have security holes off the system and to upgrade them when patches become available. Application programmers should take care to write tight code containing proper checks for array and variable lengths in order to foil this type of hack.
Finally, I would like to briefly mention three other things. One, a kernel patch is available that makes the stack memory area a non-executable one. I have never tested it, since applications do exist which count on the fact that the stack is executable, and these applications will most likely have problems with this patched kernel. Two, a special mode to the Intel processor is available that has the stack grow from the lower memory addresses to the higher memory addresses, thus making a buffer overflow almost impossible. Three, a set of libraries available on some systems helps the programmer write code with no such errors. All the programmer has to do is tell the library functions the assumptions about a variable and these functions will verify that the variable meets the specified criteria.
|Geek Hide-away in Guatemala - Stay for Free!||Nov 26, 2015|
|Microsoft and Linux: True Romance or Toxic Love?||Nov 25, 2015|
|Non-Linux FOSS: Install Windows? Yeah, Open Source Can Do That.||Nov 24, 2015|
|Cipher Security: How to harden TLS and SSH||Nov 23, 2015|
|Web Stores Held Hostage||Nov 19, 2015|
|diff -u: What's New in Kernel Development||Nov 17, 2015|
- Microsoft and Linux: True Romance or Toxic Love?
- Cipher Security: How to harden TLS and SSH
- Non-Linux FOSS: Install Windows? Yeah, Open Source Can Do That.
- Geek Hide-away in Guatemala - Stay for Free!
- Web Stores Held Hostage
- Firefox's New Feature for Tighter Security
- PuppetLabs Introduces Application Orchestration
- It's a Bird. It's Another Bird!
- diff -u: What's New in Kernel Development
- IBM LinuxONE Provides New Options for Linux Deployment


text:
Lists of former Owens College students, 1851/2-1872/3. Includes a list of invitees for an event on 3 December 1912. The list is annotated, with amendments to addresses etc. probably by Brierley. This was possibly done for the Diamond Jubilee celebrations.
List of Students
- For more information, email the repository
- Advice on accessing these materials
- Cite this description
- ReferenceGB 133 HBC/5
- Dates of Creation[c.1911?]

domain: history


A dynamic dispatching rule is proposed in the present work to improve the performance of reducing the average cycle time and cycle time variation in a wafer fabrication factory. The dynamic dispatching rule is an extension from the four-factor bi-objective nonlinear fluctuation smoothing rule (4f-biNFS) by dynamically adjusting the factors in 4f-biNFS in a Pareto optimization manner. In addition, the radical transition among successive rules is smoothed by circulating rules of the same type through their weighted geometric mean as an intermediary rule. We have also investigated some theoretical properties of the dynamic dispatching rule. Through validating the effectiveness of the dynamic dispatching rule with a simulated case, some evidences were found to support its effectiveness, from which we also derived several directions that can be exploited in the future.
|Number of pages||7|
|Journal||International Review on Computers and Software|
|State||Published - 1 May 2011|
- Dispatching rule
- Fluctuation smoothing
- Wafer fabrication


text:
Este tópico foi arquivado. Faça uma nova pergunta se precisa de ajuda.
How can I sort bookmarks within a folder by date such that this is apllied not only in the library but also on the toolbar?
Hello, I have several folders on my firefox toolbar which I use to sort new bookmarks by topic. If I add a new bookmark to a folder it is alwas placed at the bottom (below existing bookmarks) which is somewhat annoying with a increasing number of bookmarks. I would like to have the bookmarks recently added at the top of the folder (above existing bookmarks).
It's no problem to sort them this way within the library. But back at the toolbar everthing remains the same. The only option that seems to work here ist 'sort by name'.
Is there any way to sort the bookmarks by 'date added' such that new bookmarks are placed on top and this is applied also outside the library?
I hope you get my problem! Thanks!
Alterado por woods em
Todas as respostas (3)
I do not think there is a way to do that without add-ons
There are a couple of workarounds I am aware of
- Add the bookmarks manually in the bookmarks library and choose the position. That is using Show all bookmarks -> open required folder -> select a position and right click -> add new bookmark
Rather a slow and clumsy process
- Sort a folder and copy it. If you sort the folder contents then copy and paste them they remain in that order when pasted.
There are add-ons but I have not tried them. For example
There will be others available and take note of the advice to backup bookmarks manaully.
Thanks a lot for your fast and detailed reply!
I haven been suspecting that there would be no perfect solution. The auto-sort-bookmark add-on is able to sort them the way I want but does also change several things I actually prefer unchanged.
I'll try to figure out, what is best for me - using the add-on or keeping everything as it is.
The Views menu in the Bookmarks Manager (Bookmarks > Show All Bookmarks) is for viewing the bookmarks in a different sorting order (hence the name Views) and doesn't sort bookmarks permanently. Clicking the column header does the same sorting for viewing purposes only. If you want to sort bookmarks then you need to right-click a folder and use "Sort By Name" to sort that folder. You can't right-click individual bookmarks to sort them, only folders can be sorted this way.

domain: library


text:
Can vision problems cause musculo-skeletal complaints and vice versa? This is a key question for anyone who works in front of a computer screen every day. Together with research colleagues at the Karolinska Institute, Uppsala University, and in the U.S., Associate Professor Hans O. Richter at Gävle University College has recently shown that when the tone is reduced in the focusing muscle of the eye, nerve impulses to the neck and shoulders are also affected. Now the team wants to go on to investigate the connection between eye problems and neck and back complaints in a cross-disciplinary study.
Today more than 60 million people in the EU work with computers. Many of them experience vision problems in connection with computer-screen work, including eye fatigue, eye pain, a gravely feeling in the eyes, stinging, bloodshot eyes, a feeling of dryness, temporary functional near-sightedness, often together with headaches and pains in the neck and/or shoulders. Mapping what causes these work-environment problems is a major issue for international organizations like ILO and WHO.
Focusing the lens of the eye requires coordination between various nerve and muscle groups in the eye, neck, and shoulder region. The connection between these causal factors has now been studied by a research team from Gävle University College, Uppsala University, the Karolinska Institute, and the University of Minnesota. The findings of the most recent part of the study, now being published in an international scientific journal, show that reducing the tone of the focusing muscle (by placing an optical lens over the eye and at the same time seeing to it that the lack of focus incurred is compensated for by relaxing the accommodation) affects (deactivates) the section of the cerebral cortex that regulates muscular movement in the head, neck, and shoulder region. The experiments were carried out using a PET camera (Positron Emission Tomography), where radioactive marker substances are used to monitor the activity in the brain of volunteers who were asked to focus the lens of their eyes on different types of stimuli under varying optical conditions.
Deep stimulation improves cognitive control by augmenting brain rhythms
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Black nanoparticles slow the growth of tumors
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A stellar flare 10 times more powerful than anything seen on our sun has burst from an ultracool star almost the same size as Jupiter
A localization phenomenon boosts the accuracy of solving quantum many-body problems with quantum computers which are otherwise challenging for conventional computers. This brings such digital quantum simulation within reach on quantum devices available today.
Quantum computers promise to solve certain computational problems exponentially faster than any classical machine. “A particularly promising application is the...
The technology could revolutionize how information travels through data centers and artificial intelligence networks
Engineers at the University of California, Berkeley have built a new photonic switch that can control the direction of light passing through optical fibers...
Physicists observe how electron-hole pairs drift apart at ultrafast speed, but still remain strongly bound.
Modern electronics relies on ultrafast charge motion on ever shorter length scales. Physicists from Regensburg and Gothenburg have now succeeded in resolving a...
Engineers create novel optical devices, including a moth eye-inspired omnidirectional microwave antenna
A team of engineers at Tufts University has developed a series of 3D printed metamaterials with unique microwave or optical properties that go beyond what is...
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domain: physics


text:
The Wireless Institute of Australia Magazine Article WMBD
Below is some of the article on the Echoes of Apollo World Moon Bounce Day (WMBD). Much of it was written by the University of Tasmania (UTAS) staff members Rex Moncur VK7MO and Justin Giles-Clark VK7TW for the Wireless Institute of Australia (WIA):
27 June 2009 was designated World Moon Bounce Day as an amateur radio contribution to the celebrations of the 40th anniversary of man’s first landing on the moon. The event was organized by Echoes of Apollo – a joint project between Pat Bathelow (US) and Robert Brand (Australia). Key to the success of the event was the contribution of the Overseas Telecommunications Veterans Association. (OTVA) A key objective was to involve and interest school children in science and amateur radio by allowing children to hear voices from the moon. The event was supplemented by amateur Earth Moon Earth (EME) stations all around the world and particularly those with SSB capability on 23 cm.
Within Australia the University of Tasmania agreed to take part using their 26 metre dish which was originally used by NASA in the Orroral Valley near Canberra between 1964-1985 after which it was gifted to the University and transported to Mt Pleasant, near Richmond in southern Tasmania. Our involvement was to provide amateur EME equipment, help set up and test the system and operate the station on the day. As it eventuated the availability of large dishes provided the opportunity to explore QRP EME at as low a level as possible and we are pleased to report completion of a JT65 EME contact between the University of Tasmania’s 26 metre dish and a Dutch 25 metre dish, PI9CAM, with the Tasmanian end running only three milliwatts.
Setting up the University of Tasmania dish
While Dr Jim Lovell of the University of Tasmania willingly offered their dish and the support of the site technician Eric Baynes (VK7BB) it was first necessary to consider what was practical. At our first meeting it became clear that transmitting any sort of high power as required for SSB would be out of the question as the dish is fitted with five extremely sensitive liquid helium cooled receivers working from 4 to 22 GHz. There is no protection for RF and we could not risk damage to these receivers which are involved in ongoing international research programs. Accordingly, the Echoes of Apollo team where advised that we would contribute to the event but as a receive station only.
The feeds and receivers for the 26 metre dish are mounted in a small feed cabin (a cube approximately two metres per side) behind a Teflon window approximately one metre in diameter. Within the cabin there is a remotely controlled three axis focus frame that allows the feeds and receivers to be moved into the correct focal position depending on which feed is in use. There is space for a two GHz non-cooled feed and receiver which fortunately was not required around the time of the Echoes of Apollo event and the University agreed that this could be removed and replaced with a 23 cm antenna. Because of space limitations it was decided to use a small three turn helical. There is over 100 metres of LDF-4-50 coax between the dish and the control building where we could operate and for this reason we decided to down-convert at the feed and receive on 144 MHz. Eric constructed a down-converter and the VK7MO EME station provided pre-amplifiers, 144 MHz receiver, GPS frequency reference, computer running WSJT and bandpass filters at 1296 MHz and 144 MHz to limit interference from microwave systems at the nearby Hobart airport.
A few weeks prior to the event tests were conducted with Dave VK2JDS, with JT65c signal levels much worse than expected at -9 dB and no prospect of copying SSB. A sun noise test gave around 18 dB compared to 27 to 28 dB determined with the VK3UM EME calculator. The time for testing was limited as this is an operational radio astronomy research facility but the system was gradually refined with additional pre-amps and filters and through adjusting levels at all stages – as well as resolving the occasional “Murphy” problem. Finally we decided that the helical feed must be the remaining limitation and did some estimates to see if a Septum feed and choke ring could be physically mounted. Initially it fouled other equipment but after a redesign of the mount is was successfully installed. In the end we achieved a sun noise of 25 dB which was within a few dB of what could be expected. Every time the system needed adjustment Eric had to don a safety harness and go up in a cherry picker .
The story above is part of the article in the Amateur Radio magazine, a publication of the Wireless Institute of Australia.
Much of the credit for the 2009 World Moon Bounce Day success can be directly attributed to the efforts of the OTVA and other exOTC staff. This has been a fantastic experience and we are looking to grow the 2010 World Moon Bounce Day to even great success. Yes, a world first for OTC staff involvement and a world record! Plenty of Australian amateur radio people got involved and were active bouncing their signals off the moon. I am Now organising the 2010 World Moon Bounce Day for early April. If you wish to help, feel free to raise your hand. This year we will have massive radio and TV coverage in Australia.

domain: astronomy


Contains the schedule of Public Transport of Athens. The data include stops and routes for buses, trolley, subway, tram, metro and suburban rail. The data are provided in standard GTFS (General Transit Feed Specification). The published data show, approximately, the functional status of the Public Transportation Network of the Capital city in the indicated date of issue only. This is likely to be altered or changed at any time without notice and without any liability of the OASA, OSY and STASY. The geographical accuracy of the data is limited, since the digitization hasn't been made with accurate topographic mapping, but based on purely descriptive data (e.g. the side of the O.T., which includes a stop). Therefore, accurate surveying of stops may be indicative of the order of ± 20 meters in urban areas (where there is clear and relatively small sized O.T.) and more than ± 50 meters in suburban areas (where O.T. are not clear or too large). Therefore, these data may not be suitable for all applications. For express lines exist limitations of embarkation-disembarkation at certain stops along the route. Especially for express lines that serve the airport with an increased fare, in the direction of airport, landing is permitted only in the last two stops, while in the direction of Center boarding is allowed only from the first two stops. Those interested can refer to the website of the OASA (www.oasa.gr) and / or contact the Telephone Information Center of OASA (tel. 185) to be notified of any regular or extraordinary changes in the operation of urban transport. In any case, the level of accuracy of the data is shaped by the needs and capabilities of the OASA, and may not be suitable for use by third parties for purposes not envisaged by the OASA. Therefore, all account data provided 'as is', and the OASA, OSY and STASY do not bear any responsibility for the results of any use by third parties.
|Autor||Nie je zadaný autor|
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Schedules of Public Transport of Athens. No author.
Retrieved 22:51, May 23, 2013 (UTC).
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