medium lift helicopter military civil applications developed joint venture helicopters italy response national requirements modern naval utility helicopter operators including armed forces britain denmark norway portugal use aircraft manufactured factories england italy licensed assembly work taken place japan united_states prior aircraft marketed designation original designation error note changed designation stuck helicopters merged form leading type flew entered service introduction replaced older helicopter types performing roles medium sized transport anti submarine warfare ship based utility operations royal canadian air_force operates variant designated air sea rescue role variant designated developed serve presidential transport fleet program cancelled civil operators use roles passenger transportation type deployed active combat theatres support coalition forces iraq war war afghanistan development origins ministry defence issued requirement anti submarine warfare helicopter replace royal_navy sea kings inadequate face advances soviet submarine technology helicopters proposal designated engined helicopter similar dimensions sea king feature autonomy greater range predecessor time italian navy marina considering replacement fleet sea kings built italian company soon began talks joint development successor helicopter finalised agreement work project formed jointly owned new company industries limited pursue development marketing new helicopter potential operators june government confirmed participation project allocated initial budget million develop pre series examples major agreement secured funding majority development program signed british italian governments paris air showed mock utility version new helicopter leading design meet needs civilian military customers prototype flew october canada selected replace sea kings anti submarine warfare search rescue roles engine increased autonomy compared favorably rivals range capability seen vital north_atlantic operations fledgling order replace canadian armed forces sea kings found subject wider political battle conservative liberal parties viewing aircraft costly critics attacked purchase excessive unnecessary cold war end early 1990s wide ranging cost estimates presented proponents opponents opponents backing life extensions sea king boeing helicopter fleets controversy seen factor canadian federal election order cancelled new liberal government resulting million cancellation fee production pre production aircraft assembled late 1980s early 1990s flight tests suspended months following crash second pre production aircraft january june flew rolls engine prototypes built explore military civil applications including configuration february britain formally placed order total quickly followed italy order october order controversy raf declared preference fleet boeing allegedly offered cheaper terms raf deliveries began deliveries started following year team lockheed martin selected winners competition replace president marine helicopters united_states marine_corps variant designated manufactured domestically proceeded flight testing stages programme encountered significant cost political opposition led scrapped june separately marine_corps conducted studies adoption option bell boeing 1990s following merger form need separate entity formally branded volume orders reported having filled production capacity excess following years april sold worldwide combined operational fleet accumulated total flying hours developments november algeria signed contract helicopters august reported algeria signed agreement provision helicopters terms arrangement early aircraft manufactured algeria commence assembly later candidate norwegian weather search rescue helicopter programme replace royal norwegian air_force sea king helicopter fleet candidates included bell boeing iceland norway programme buy helicopters replace super helicopters withdrew limited finances selected november june announced boeing acquired manufacturing license rights production variant designated boeing october submitted air_force competition replace hawk bid dropped months later september reportedly process acquiring new civil certification target customers include long range offshore oil platform transport operators clients february considering adapting heavyweight aerial vehicle proposed configuration manned design overview follows conventional design layout makes use advanced technologies design blades systems extensive use composite materials fuselage structure comprises aluminium designed light damage resistant designed operating extreme weather conditions fitted system rated operate temperatures ranging aircraft control systems allow maintain stable active vibration control system known active control structural response system reduces airframe vibration increases crew comfort buildup stress airframe cockpit fitted armoured seats crew withstand impact velocity dual flight controls provided flown single person pilots instrument displays include colour high definition screens optional mission display digital map forward looking infrared display installed powerplant powered engines rolls general_electric available engine types rolls specifically developed subsequently adopted helicopters use powerplant according rolls engines power metre diameter bladed main blades constructed carbon glass foam edged sandwich construction shaping main blades derived blades blade design improves aerodynamic efficiency blade tip reduces acoustic signature improved developed installed increases maximum takeoff weight engine supplied separate imperial fuel tank dual pumps optional fourth fifth tanks added act reservoir supply topping main tanks flight increasing range endurance outfitted probe aerial self sealing fuel tanks optional item selected customer inlet particle system installed protecting engine operating sandy environments armament defensive systems variants equipped self defence systems directed infrared infrared electronic support measures form heads laser detection warning system british outfitted protective armour small arms fire chin mounted forward looking infrared imaging fitted variants present underside airframe model carry sting ray torpedoes depth charges customers chosen deploy anti ship missile royal_navy considering fleet anti surface missile variants mount general purpose machine guns locations main cabin aimed door window examined integration rockets additional ground attack weapons formed consortium perform helicopter complex systems integration features network helicopter management mission systems designed reduce pilot workload enable helicopter undertake wide variety missions digital automatic flight control system employed allows operation axis pitch roll collective automatic system linked aircraft flight management systems manufactured dual system flight computers provide fault tolerance navigation system includes gps receiver navigation system radio range instrument landing system automatic direction finding equipped velocity system provides relative ground linked system safety aircraft equipped obstacle terrain avoidance warning systems traffic collision avoidance system voice flight data equipped blue search detection radar capable degree scanning detect small targets far nautical miles royal_navy upgrade program lockheed martin implemented series improvements radar notably allowing track times number targets previously capable danish fitted search weather radar royal_navy equipped anti submarine system processing data detect target submerged submarines derived system earlier maritime patrol aircraft crew cargo typically operated crew pilot observer operator pilot able fly majority mission hands mode enabled sophisticated crew members individual access management computers tactical information fuselage volume cubic metres cargo compartment metres length metres wide metres high military version accommodate seated standing combat troops equipment alternative loads include medical team cargo ramp metres kilogram load allowing carry vehicles land ramp cabin floor fitted flush tie points cargo hook fuselage carry external loads kilograms use semi automatic cargo release unit rescue trim controller fitted cargo door optional cargo installed near rear ramp operational history royal_navy final order aircraft originally designated soon changed fully operational delivered entering service june aircraft delivered end operated fleet air arm squadrons based cornwall operational evaluation unit march navy temporarily grounded following incident tail failed manufacturing defect improved tail designed adopted according redesigned significantly reduced associated maintenance announced navy helicopters retired favour fleet subsequent stated future naval helicopters derivative royal_navy seen action caribbean counter hurricane support duties maritime security duties persian gulf seen active duty iraq providing support british coalition forces based region cleared operate royal_navy aircraft carriers amphibious assault ships type frigates royal fleet auxiliary vessels including fort victoria class equip type destroyer aircraft upgraded standard capability programme lockheed martin delivered final july new mission system digital cockpit electro optical camera multi static processing system performed ship borne test flight september achieved june flown hours exercise deep blue earlier month reported scheduled upgraded financial reasons updated maintenance time leaving available readiness assigned queen elizabeth class aircraft carrier addition anti submarine role able carry airborne early warning pod programme replace sea king september proposed sea king equipment lockheed martin proposed developing new multi functional aircraft lockheed originally planned use derivative radar believed system system begin flight trials summer main gate pods planned lockheed martin prime contractor selected chosen provide radar mission system heart capability december plans announced transfer raf commando helicopter force replace retiring sea king helicopters sea king retire navy operate combination reformed raf september followed july royal_air_force raf ordered transport missions entered service january squadron raf based raf type equipped extended range fuel tanks capable air air frequently utilised troop transport duties transport objects internally including vehicles artillery depth maintenance facility performed tasks operational deployment balkans region raf deployed iraq operation supporting coalition forces operated main asset southern iraq flight lieutenant harris flight lieutenant awarded period routinely operated britain withdrawal june unsuccessful offer british ministry defence proposing enhanced variant intended satisfy demand additional lift capacity alternative measure acquisition denmark designated assigned raf allowing deployed afghanistan training operations configuration differences december second squadron squadron formed operating afghanistan transporting troops supplies deployment afghanistan criticized aircraft reportedly lacked protective armour july fleet fully fitted armour deployment afghanistan allowed detachment sea kings withdrawn region october afghanistan withdrawn theatre june raf fleet began transferred royal_navy use commando helicopter force royal_navy personnel worked alongside raf crew build experience transition life programme fitted cockpit electronics folding tails main heads strengthened landing gear deck mounting points updates fast points common emergency system begin flight trials september interim folding main head fitted operations prior upgrade command fleet formally transferred raf royal_navy ceremony raf september ceremony raf disbanded royal_navy naval air squadron stood raf continued operate commando helicopter force july stood naval air squadron stood relocated raf march follow july italian navy italian government ordered helicopters italian navy options included anti surface submarine version airborne early warning utility amphibious support helicopters ash june chosen meet italian air_force requirement helicopters combat search rescue role replace sea king deliveries expected onwards italian navy production helicopter flew october officially presented press december italy accepted delivery 21st anti submarine warfare august italian operated variety ships seen service overseas italian navy fleet executive transports visiting heads state officials 35th summit italian navy deployed afghanistan flown transport utility roles reported italian contingent afghanistan consisting providing coverage wide area country royal canadian air_force light declining condition helicopter fleet canada launched canadian search rescue helicopter competition won designated canadian service entered canadian competition replace sea king fleet cyclone selected following difficulties royal canadian air_force reported seriously considering contract investigating possibility instead royal danish air_force royal danish air_force announced purchase duties tactical troop transports squadron delivered march operational airport april troop transport transferred british exchange british government ordered new build replacements danish higher gross weight capacity delivered coated paint designed reduce aircraft infrared signature role crew initially painted yellow distinguish allocated military duties later painted green troop transport january drive shaft danish broke leading emergency landing airport following incident danish fleet grounded precaution future publicly debated months reported operational availability roughly target partly inadequate maintenance organization staff shortages january danish ministry defence reportedly afford fleet afghanistan operations earlier reports deployment february aviation week reported earlier reliability problems resolved upgrade package applied danish included addition electronic warfare pods new electro optical system advance deployment afghanistan september danish receive electro optical infrared sensors aircraft carry systems star royal norwegian air_force october project started intent replace sea king search rescue helicopters new temporal rescue helicopters december contract signed government purchase helicopters agreement came fierce competition different manufacturers satisfy norwegian requirements participants aircraft corporation boeing company government considered met requirements specifications best possible way portuguese air_force portuguese air_force purchased million contract delivered december type conduct transport search rescue maritime surveillance missions progressively replacing previously tasked missions main role portuguese perform search rescue missions portugal maritime zone operated squadron kept constant alert bases near lisbon field azores santo island japan maritime self defense force japan maritime self defense force ordered aircraft use airborne transport roles modified heavy industries japan defense agency designated model special features include automated folding tail outfitted hunting role entered general agreement cooperation began assembly began licensed production engines separate agreement supply depot established japan support fleets delivered march replace role operate transport support role missions replacing working coordination ministry education culture sports science technology usage developed specialized luxury variant important person head state aimed business customers april sold purposes september customers operating variant included saudi_arabia algeria nigeria acquired united_states marine_corps program replacement presidential marine helicopters designated variant heavily equipped self defense systems abruptly terminated following withdrawal funding boeing considered submission restarted program april india ordered serve executive transport helicopters indian president prime minister selection followed field trial assessments held hold subsequently cancelled indian helicopter scandal parent company allegedly bribes win contract helicopters delivered contract returned manufacturer arbitration process variants pre production built basic air vehicle prototype flown october built italian basic air vehicle prototype flown november deck trials destroyed january following brake malfunction built civil engine vibration tests trials canada built british naval prototype lost accident april drive train control rod failure built development aircraft eventually equipped built development aircraft italian navy variant flown april built military utility aircraft rear loading ramp built civil prototype built military utility prototype rear loading ramp model italian navy variant built powered engines fitted radar armed torpedoes anti ship missiles model royal_navy variant designated customer powered engines fitted blue radar flash orange built model italian navy early warning variant airframe model radar large built series proposed military utility version rear loading ramp series proposed civil transport ramp british international helicopters conducted service trials lead commercial service series proposed version airline operation oil platforms production model italian navy transport variant folding tail boom built model royal_air_force transport variant designated customer built model italian navy special forces amphibious assault transport advanced model proposed civil utility variant rear ramp model civil utility variant rear ramp built tokyo metropolitan police agency support bid model canadian military search rescue variant designated customer model joint supporter royal danish air_force acquired search rescue tactical transport transports sold raf replaced new build model portuguese air_force search rescue variant built model portuguese air_force fisheries protection variant built model portuguese air_force combat search rescue variant built model japanese maritime self defense force transport variant built model presidential transport variant united_states marine_corps test vehicles pilot production aircraft built model italian air_force combat search rescue variant order model norwegian search rescue variant operated air_force ordered option royal_navy designation model royal_navy royal_air_force designation model royal_air_force designation royal danish air_force model modified standards royal_navy fit seven folding heads interim measure upgrade available planned conversion raf use cockpit folding tail blades adaptations naval use planned conversion use carrier based airborne early warning role ship based anti submarine helicopter canada originally ordered canadian forces reduced cancelled search rescue helicopter canada ordered canadian forces later cancelled search rescue helicopter canada ordered delivered lockheed martin cancelled variant intended serve presidential helicopter italian military designation variant italian military designation variant italian military designation ash variant italian military designation variant operators military operators algeria air_force navy canada royal canadian air_force denmark royal danish air_force indonesia indonesian air_force order italy italian air_force italian navy japan japan maritime self defense force nigeria air_force norway royal norwegian air_force order squadron portugal portuguese air squadron saudi_arabia air_force air_force united_kingdom royal naval air squadron naval air squadron naval air squadron naval air squadron naval air squadron naval air squadron law enforcement operators japan tokyo metropolitan police department operators united_kingdom royal air squadron squadron notable accidents incidents january italian development crashed near airfield italy application brake flight people killed april british development crashed flight england crew members escaped helicopter descent hit ground august italian development damaged accident turned tail drive failed landing helicopter repaired october royal_navy near isle scotland hydraulic fire caused brake partially engaged march royal_navy crashed tail hub cracking november medical evacuation island azores portuguese air_force caused injuries people unexpectedly climbed metre pilot recovered control portuguese air_force spokesperson later stated kind incident october british_royal_navy landed short designated landing pad canadian forces montreal cause determined pilot error substantial damage helicopter injuries october royal danish air_force suffered extensive damage rolling experiencing pilot induced following landing afghanistan casualties specifications data jane world aircraft general characteristics crew capacity troops passengers tonnes removed seated troops standing fully equipped combat troops internal external length fuselage length diameter height disc area weight max takeoff weight powerplant rolls shp power performance exceed speed knots mph cruise speed knots mph range nmi endurance hours service ceiling armament bombs sting ray torpedoes depth charges industries dual redundant digital automatic flight control system navigation systems systems ring laser radar blue maritime surveillance radar orange acoustic active passive flash array notable appearances media


air air airline headquartered india owned indian business company group market share indian domestic airline market february airline commenced operations regional airline october aircraft flight taking hub october airline got permit pan india operations december airline focuses tier tier iii cities country invested million air operates daily flights destinations major airline maintenance center airport history air owned indian business company group airline received objection certificate ministry civil aviation february airline initially planned start operations fleet aircraft later announced decision acquire jets paris air june air received air operators permit general civil aviation september airline commenced operations regional airline october aircraft flight taking hub october airline focuses tier tier iii cities country invested million september air holds regional airline license applied aviation license upgraded national airline air received objection certificate civil aviation ministry pan india operations december airline market share indian domestic airline market february destinations april air operates daily flights destinations india airline maintenance center hub airport fleet air commenced operations october pair jets added september air added december plans add aircraft fleet new orders air ordered jets aircraft worth billion singapore february airline asian launch customer type takes delivery


air air ltd regional commuter airline headquarters terminal building airfield district japan main hub airfield air previously headquarters nagasaki operations include scheduled passenger services destinations regional japan japan flight numbers airline fleet aircraft consisting air wholly owned subsidiary japan flag carrier japan affiliate member alliance airline founded august flight academy air separated began operations separate entity hiroshima airport november faced limited opportunities route expansion hiroshima airline relocated new home airfield opening international airport february fiscal year ended march air sister group carried million passengers million tons cargo mail air reported japanese newspapers television leaving airfield phased transition flights leaving october flight leaving spring history flight academy established japan august flight training school subsidiary based airport nagasaki provided conversion training flight engineers pilots april new division created operate scheduled services succeed troubled services commuter airline serving cities western japan introduction seats september aircraft progressively replaced inherited august flight academy air separated established wholly owned regional subsidiary airline japan august november airline inaugurated flight hiroshima airport building service smaller demand domestic routes larger aircraft serve economically local government terminated end fiscal year airline required self sufficient domestic marketing strategy found niche market plus seats boeing large frequent services demand began airline seats introduced progressively replaced completion august despite introduction limited opportunities route expansion home hiroshima airport airline decided airfield opening international airport february air realized dream relocated new home airfield order strengthen recognition brand improve customer convenience airline disposed flight numbers changed flight numbers april april air sister group joined affiliate member june signed purchase agreement jets options acquire aircraft contract value worth approximately million options exercised aircraft seat passengers single class layout designated air aircraft delivered october received type certification japan civil aviation bureau october operated flight february destinations air operates following destinations january japan airport airport airport focus city airport airport airport airport airport airport nagasaki airport osaka international airport osaka international airport hub airport nagasaki nagasaki airport airport airport new airport hub airport airport tokyo airport focus city airport airport terminated destinations japan hiroshima fleet air fleet consists following aircraft august fleet history aircraft service air order mileage bank mileage bank travel rewards program group including japan express japan air japan air commuter air system air commuter program airline partners include partners air france china eastern airline frequent offers fly program frequent service status program global club exclusive club designed experienced travelers program membership fee mileage valid day 36th month following month flight transaction date addition member accumulate mileage months member member account remains inactive zero mileage consecutive month period withdraw cancel membership member fly program fly program frequent service status program divided membership levels crystal premier diamond based member travel calendar year additionally minimum group flights eligible fare classes required members earn fly points eligible fare classes group member member eligibility membership renewal upgrade membership year higher members provided increased travel benefits bonus mileage additional baggage priority boarding airport lounge access phases fly program service benefits begins months following qualification membership begins april following year membership valid march second year following membership qualification crystal crystal level achieved retained member earns fly points boarding flights minimum fly points services benefits months membership qualification include priority percent bonus mileage airport lounge access japan domestic flights lounge mileage priority check executive class international flights priority baggage class group domestic flights piece extra baggage priority boarding international flights priority airport standby class upgrade class mileage services benefits april following year include upgrade points complimentary flight upgrades crystal membership level equivalent tier status members benefits travelling member airline level achieved retained member earns fly points boarding flights minimum fly points additional services benefits members months membership qualification include percent bonus mileage lounge access guest flying group airline flights priority check class international flights japan domestic flights priority baggage pieces extra baggage access fast security lane additional services benefits members april following year include upgrade points complimentary flight upgrades members invited join dedicated cater experienced travelers membership level equivalent tier status members benefits travelling member airline premier premier achieved retained member earns fly points boarding flights minimum fly points additional services benefits premier members months membership qualification include mileage suspension membership period class diamond premier lounge access guest flying group airline flights priority check class priority boarding international domestic flights additional services benefits premier members april following year include complimentary lounge upgrade points complimentary flight upgrades complimentary hotels night stay passes century club flower gift premier membership level equivalent tier status members benefits travelling member airline diamond highest membership level fly program mileage bank diamond level achieved retained member earns fly points boarding flights minimum fly points additional services benefits diamond members months membership qualification include percent bonus mileage seat award tickets double mileage additional services benefits diamond members april following year include upgrade points complimentary flight upgrades complimentary hotels night stay century club membership diamond membership level equivalent tier status members benefits travelling member airline global club global club exclusive club dedicated catering group experienced valuable travelers membership available members earned fly points boarding flights minimum fly points addition membership enrolled club club gold club membership payment annual fee lifetime membership given long time qualifying member continues pay annual fee tier status member depend fly program membership levels following exception members automatically attain status enrollment regardless number fly points accumulated previous calendar year benefits include bonus miles group eligible flight flown year lounge access guest priority baggage pieces extra baggage priority check leather baggage annual gifts calendar diary exclusive use member designated hotels addition club club gold club holders receive percent flight bonus mileage


australian national crash sunday march douglas aircraft departed tasmania flight melbourne aircraft crashed sea engines operating minutes takeoff people board aircraft died australia worst civil aviation accident investigation panel promptly established investigate accident panel unable establish cause decided likely cause automatic pilot inadvertently engaged shortly takeoff department civil aviation took action ensure operation automatic pilot control douglas aircraft distinctive operation control cockpit instructions issued pilots prior takeoff inquiry chaired supreme_court judge closely examined different theories found insufficient evidence determine cause inquiry discovered captain aircraft kept secret employer department civil aviation judge considered captain diabetes self administration probably contributed significantly accident stopped short making official conclusion report judge recommended modification automatic pilot inquiry uncovered irregularities regulation civil aviation australia judge recommendations deal irregularities flight australian national aircraft registered arrived cambridge local time hours late return flight airport scheduled depart board passengers pilots air douglas aircraft normally pilots march cockpit occupied person pilot making flights airline weight aircraft pounds maximum authorised weight takeoff light southerly wind frederick henry bay sea observers reported takeoff normal engines operating perfectly witnesses vicinity seven mile beach estimated aircraft reached height little turning left slightly descending aircraft cleared land crashed frederick henry bay yards water edge mile western end seven mile beach takeoff flew minutes covered distance nautical miles recovery wreckage learning crash nearby seven mile beach employees australian national raced cambridge lend assistance rear fuselage came surface short distance shore butler employees feared air trapped seat rear fuselage took length rope swam floating piece structure attached rope swam beach motor drag rear fuselage ashore inside right elevator trim undamaged elevator trim set appropriately shallow climb wreckage water diving towed site royal australian navy ship found pieces wreckage scattered wide area sea bed aircraft pieces structure key parts wreckage eventually recovered sea bed working bodies hours crash mutilated body woman washed seven mile beach minutes later body man washed ashore later identified body captain intervals bodies washed ashore day bodies recovered bodies badly mutilated naked clad indicating severity impact water body missing leg head severed body recovered vicinity bodies people board eventually recovered beaches frederick henry bay remaining bodies found body found beach miles site crash body pilot identified days accident years accident human thigh bone found seven mile beach police believed bone came bodies recovered investigation director general civil aviation promptly established panel investigate accident panel chaired john superintendent engineering examining wreckage recovered sea bed panel satisfied engines operating high power time impact pre existing structural mechanical defect explain crash panel arranged witnesses seven mile beach observe series flights taking cambridge identify flight best represented saw night crash exercise established reached maximum height feet panel members satisfied achieved normal climb feet minute gradient suddenly commencing descent calculations showed aircraft descent reached feet minute speed mph hour struck water panel contemplated possible causes accident interim report director general march panel reduced possible causes automatic pilot control box automatic pilot recovered wreckage control position warning flag view control box carried stating takeoff automatic pilot speed valve unit recovered showed open positions indicating unit operating time crash investigation panel proposed automatic pilot engaged height causing aircraft descend swiftly sea engagement occurred inadvertently pilots intended select fuel cross feed operating fuel cross feed automatic pilot shape height cockpit floor inches apart cockpit control console ground cambridge saw pilot occupied pilot seat prior takeoff panel proposed captain asked pilot occupy pilot seat flight airport pilot flight company prior experience flying panel considered pilot occupied pilot seat captain called fuel cross feed turned deal fuel pressure problem engine possible pilot lack familiarity cockpit caused inadvertently engage automatic pilot panel aircraft cockpit identical carry flight tests automatic pilot engaged control wheel moved forward strongly torn pilot hands regain control use hands significant force initial tests showed pilot unprepared lost identified problem automatic pilot fourth test pilot restricted height loss panel considered likely explanation accident engagement automatic pilot bird strike fortnight accident mutilated body large bird found seven mile beach considered bird wingspan struck aircraft cockpit distracting pilots alternatively bird struck aircraft tube damaging causing indicator pilot illness investigation panel considered pilot collapsed suddenly panel aircraft carry tests pilots simulated falling forward aircraft controls found difficult fall forward sufficiently exert significant force elevator control pilot difficulty keeping aircraft climbing attitude report investigation panel report director general recommendations including operation automatic pilot control australian registered aircraft distinctive operation control cockpit instructions issued pilots prior takeoff practice passenger carrying flights experience pilots instruction reviewed inquiry april minister civil aviation arthur appointed justice simpson supreme_court australian capital territory conduct inquiry accident counsel assisting inquiry henry justice simpson examined evidence detail including evidence forward support likely causes identified investigation panel eventually found insufficient evidence consider theories proved justice simpson report findings inquiry public minister june simpson said satisfied accident caused failure aircraft structure engines controls failure remove flight control prior takeoff automatic pilot john chairman investigation panel told inquiry evidence supporting theory engagement automatic pilot caused accident control box recovered wreckage speed valve unit recovered indicated automatic pilot operating time impact engagement automatic pilot explain sudden descent said panel report director general recommendations included recommendation operation automatic pilot control australian registered aircraft distinctive operation control cockpit flight superintendent australian national captain taylor told inquiry believe accident caused engagement automatic pilot said happened pilot engage losing altitude chief technical adviser australian national thomas lawrence told inquiry think evidence indicate automatic pilot engaged time accident thought crash result combination factors bird strike michael honorary museum told inquiry shown mutilated remains dead bird identified fishing bird known dive prey heights unable bird died said injuries suggested collision heavy fast moving body captain taylor said thought bird strike aircraft tube caused crash justice simpson rejected bird strike theory saying descent aircraft caused forward movement control column cockpit unable state caused movement control column medical inquiry discovered chief pilot aircraft captain thomas discharged raaf september medically unfit early applied commercial pilot licence declare diabetes medical examination purpose obtaining licence subsequent examinations shown sign diabetes specialist diabetes told inquiry impossible detect diabetes person wished inquiry received evidence friend asked diabetes relation employment pilot asked friend quiet employment senior route captain australian national captain douglas way told inquiry unaware treating captain way said knew discharged raaf medically unfit told minor complaint discovered canada returned australia found cured medical examination october renewal commercial pilot licence told hospital matter investigations brisbane hospital purpose informing justice simpson revealed pre coma justice simpson agreed people scheduled medical examination march considered plausible taken extra prepare examination irregular senses cause muscles counsel assisting inquiry henry advocated cause accident diabetes justice simpson critical director general investigation panel considering possible causes accident failing consider department licensing pilot root cause accident inquiry received available information related diabetes justice simpson said reaction pilot considerable bearing accident justice simpson report governor general wrote support theory likely cause actions cockpit adversely affected report didn determine accident caused medical condition insufficient evidence completely prove theory irregularities court inquiry justice simpson aware irregularities listed report thomas applied commercial pilot licence raaf director general medical services acting department civil aviation director general neglected check raaf medical history medical failed check statement recent truth suffering condition approved carry persons march aircraft took persons board complement passengers air pilots instead usual path lit runway takeoff unexpected return landing recommendations justice simpson recommendations practice allowing pilots instruction gain experience cockpit aircraft carrying passengers reviewed automatic pilot fuel cross feed modified different appearance regulation prohibit taking night path runway lighting system compulsory path remain lit longer possibility aircraft return airport land ground engineers completing daily copies inspection records medical examinations issue renewal pilot doctors chosen paid department civil aviation tasmania investigated deaths people bodies recovered determined causes deaths multiple injuries unable manner met deaths flight crew captain thomas aged hours flying experience captain douglas aircraft year joined australian national june pilot david aged hours flying experience australian national pilot austin gibson aged hours flying experience raaf half flying instructor hours command twin engine oxford hudson aircraft experience douglas aircraft aircraft constructed douglas transport aircraft douglas serial number assigned military serial number delivered army air_force brisbane november sold commonwealth australia purchased commonwealth australia hired charter aviation companies australian national aircraft registered commonwealth hired australian national december australian national converted civil aircraft configuration year crash flew hours

1946 Australian National Airways DC-3 crash


norwegian helicopter airline based airport bergen airport fleet seven super serve offshore oil platforms north_sea customers phillips petroleum british petroleum serving oil fields operated sold merged main competitor service owned sister company airline safe operations pure helicopter airline main base airport secondary base bergen airport operated seven super helicopters nineteen seats exclusively long term contracts oil companies ship crews oil platforms norwegian sector north_sea company employed people owned sister company safe airline served seven oil fields contract british petroleum phillips petroleum company market share sold history attempt entering helicopter market applied concession norwegian ministry transport communications operate offshore helicopters awarded protest incumbent service applied airline routes safe operated application rejected airline founded september owner safe agreement oil companies phillips petroleum agreement involved flights platforms prior service held monopoly flights oil companies offshore installations oil companies wanted establish competitor service press prices initial agreement gave revenue nok million gave new company market share seat super helicopters ordered costing nok million total investment costs nok million helicopters stationed airport bergen airport appointed managing director helicopter delivered new helicopter delivered month named owner stated goal airline reach market share challenger established market start operations hired pilots previously working royal norwegian air_force company employees total services started september initial contract involved flying passengers year january company placed order option super june signed year agreement option year extension flights revenue nok million depending length contract capacity needed operations started february involved company purchasing super option september awarded contract british petroleum flights contract gave revenue nok million course years operations started november involved hours flying year contract market share consequence contract purchased super operations started company grown employees second largest helicopter operator country company profit nok million nok million nok million seven months norway decided allow airline european economic area operate helicopter services norway meant companies like group air start operation norway coordinated common technical rules helicopters joint aviation authorities service announced october companies merge january paid nok million service shares norwegian competition authority stated look merger new company near monopoly offshore flights ministry transport communications stated authority hinder merger time new contracts awarded helicopter operators foreign countries allowed bid ownership transferred service december received shares merged company immediately sold giving nok million profit year venture needed capital participate initial public offering management hired newly established competitor united helicopter joint venture helicopters destinations following list destinations includes location platform codes


mint mint premium airline product offered flights west_coast east_coast united_states flights united_states caribbean destinations service operated fleet aircraft premium configuration lie flat seats premium class low cost airline americas offering dedicated premium product distinction history announced intention introduce premium seats flights march company officially announced mint premium class product september aforementioned service available flights new_york san_francisco new_york los_angeles mint class seats starting way dave ceo time said necessary airline better compete competitors operating lie flat seats markets leaving economy class cabin routes operated new aircraft feature seven daily round trip flights new_york los_angeles feature service fourth quarter daily round trip flights new_york san_francisco early mint flight new_york los_angeles begin june march announced seasonal expansion mint service caribbean routes service airport barbados service operate daily destination winter holiday season weekly destination rest winter season announced expansion mint service boston june year round service boston los_angeles san_francisco seasonal saturday service boston barbados flights boston san_francisco began march flights boston los_angeles begin october april announced expansion mint service new routes utilizing mint configuration launched fort las_vegas san_diego seattle service beginning announcement immediately alaska air group announced intention acquire virgin america merge alaska alaska virgin operated newly announced markets service mint consists aircraft seats including flat bed mint seats mint seat version thompson business class seat include extra storage dual power outlets seat mint seats mini include sliding door privacy seats width inches convert flat bed length pairs non suite mint seats alternate single mini suite seats seats use air allowing passengers adjust seats economy class mint aircraft uses pinnacle seats seat pitch inches main cabin inches space extra product power outlets row economy class seats inch video screen provides live radio selection films flight entertainment system provides channels channels offered previous generations entertainment systems flights outside coverage range satellite flights caribbean destinations channels radio provided flight provided band satellite system named fly passengers provided choice offerings meal service including hot cold options choose kits provided company based new_york


history british british flag carrier airline united_kingdom largest airline based fleet size international flights international destinations british considered largest airline passenger numbers creation displaced low cost rival inception british centred main hub london airport second major hub london airport british board formed control policy finances large london based airline corporations british overseas corporation british european corporation smaller regional northeast british acquired operating services year assumed sole operation international flights north_america southeast_asia rival british formation virgin atlantic began tense rivalry led bitter protracted libel actions aviation history leadership chairman sir john king ceo marshall british february thirteen years formation effected controversial takeover british july following british entered period rapid unprecedented growth leading use slogan world favourite airline dominated domestic rivals early 1990s faced increased competition higher costs mid-1990s ceo bob led restructuring effort leading trade union clashes carrier invested regional european courted international airline partnerships attempted controversial ethnic campaign early 2000s decade ceo rod implemented cost cuts retirement removal ethnic ceo british faced price fixing scandal moved primary hub terminal experienced threats industrial action leading strike march april confirmed british agreed merger forming international group continue operate current brand combined airline world largest carrier delta air lines american terms annual revenue origins formation march britain pioneer started immediate post war period page transport british marine air navigation ltd air line ltd joined form imperial limited developing routes british_empire india parts africa later canberra australia number smaller air transport companies begun operating merged form original privately owned british ltd following government review imperial british november form british overseas corporation post war continued operate majority long haul services britain routes south_america flown british south american merged continental european domestic flights flown new airline british european corporation took scheduled services existing independent world airline operate jet inaugural flight london service introduction plagued structural problems accidents leading withdrawal replacement upgraded models government established committee inquiry civil aviation sir edwards edwards committee reported recommendations edwards committee formation national air holding board control finances corporations recommendation enacted passing civil aviation act formed british board control activities including newly formed subsidiary targeting emerging package holiday business combined newly formed british board physical operations separate coming british april guidance david chairman board time biggest merger aviation industry creating world largest network routes new unified company harness british headquartered victoria terminal london international division headquartered house airport european division headquartered house middlesex regional division headquartered house 1970s consolidation newly formed british inherited mix aircraft predecessors quickly retired standard come vickers ordered use scottish routes enable vickers retired lockheed delivered october introduced january ordered following years management british resisted political pressure purchase new stating requirement aircraft rejection complicated britain integration european_union instead company planned acquire american planes boeing british government approved purchase multiple boeing aircraft innovation january british shuttle service glasgow later edinburgh manchester belfast allowed walk reservation service guaranteed seat feature facilitated backup aircraft transfers british midland flights formation british carried union flag scheme painted tail fins secretary state trade peter shore reviewed government aviation policy announced spheres influence policy ended dual designation british long haul routes british british second biggest airline britain longer permitted run competing scheduled flights long haul routes british withdraw east africa london new_york london los_angeles routes favour return british sole british flag carrier entire south american mainland taking routes served british colombia peru venezuela british commenced flying making operate simultaneously air france inaugurated world passenger service january daily service new_york airline initially financial burden required national carrier government attracted criticism press white elephant significant destinations suggested tokyo japan sydney australia emerged viable reality sir john king later lord king appointed chairman british mission preparing airline king recognised prestige brought airline purchased outright government turning profit year according british management aircraft broke flights holding passenger capacity average passenger capacity use flight win business customers certain number upgrades return corporate accounts airline key factor winning business competitors carrier disclose specific numbers media reports estimated new_york service annual million operating profit early 2000s decade 1980s dirty tricks british headed sir john king hired marshall ceo king credited transforming loss making giant profitable air carriers world claiming world favourite airline large struggled airline fleet route map overhauled early years king tenure brand advertising experts recruited change airline image jobs shed early 1980s king managed considerable trick staff morale operations time offering generous staff leave led record losses million cost benefit future company marshall direction airline consolidated long haul operations including services newly constructed terminal terminal remain hub airport years recession rising fuel prices aircraft vickers super boeing quickly phased service planes boeing acquired place effort increase use operational fleet king allowed planes chartered special services services singapore cooperation singapore begun addition service miami 1980s british regarded flagship prestigious profitable flag carrier floated london stock exchange february conservative government initial share offering times british regarded successful industry observers successful series companies state era months later july announced controversial takeover britain second airline british acquisition led concerns competition industry widely acknowledged mutually agreed rescue deal avoid collapse kept alive charter subsidiary british absorbed based british carrier dan air soon british richard virgin atlantic began emerge competitor lucrative routes following virgin highly publicised mercy mission iraq fly home hostages king reported told marshall director david began campaign dirty tricks ended king british libel king case went trial british faced likely defeat settled case giving airline furthermore pay legal fees million divided compensation staff called bonus british virgin atlantic continued noticeably bitter active rivals years 1990s changes growth 1990s british world profitable airline slogan world favourite airline bought small german domestic airline delta air transport renamed time sold june operating boeing staff british entered french market purchasing stake european air seeking challenge dominance air france highly significant year expansion change british purchased stake australian airline stake american airline wholly acquired form connect planned acquire share backed following lack approval government developing significantly larger presence north american market remained major priority british 1990s crucial event occurred formed british asia subsidiary based republic china taiwan operate london owing political british asia different different union flag replaced chinese characters english asia symbolic change british turbulent year came lord king stepped chairman company replaced deputy marshall bob later took role ceo appointed managing director marshall lord king appointed president british role created specifically retained death july british began planning future corporate headquarters headquarters house airport british prosperity upgrade replace fleet aircraft acquisitions included boeing boeing aimed phase remaining lockheed douglas disposed ended seeing service aerial royal_air_force acquisition purchase aircraft british signed franchise agreement airline time operating flights holiday destinations number years agreement set airline operate aircraft british brand time sold grown operations london manchester bristol east airport deal worth million franchise agreement ended 29th march new source competition emerged 1990s form budget airline new companies emerged rising prominence low price approach gain traditional carriers wake airline companies prove increasing source competition domestically british small handful short routes came pressure modern high speed rail systems service london paris brussels bob era british newly appointed ceo bob entered period financial increased competition high oil prices strong pound airline management clashed trade unions planned changes taking stance resulting disruption confrontations cost company hundreds millions pounds strikes restructuring plans investors frustrated time company seen active successful peak causing share value suffer relations british held stake valued million despite preference remain major investor later sold share company pursued partnership immunity american unsuccessful conditions placed deal regulatory authorities painful sacrifice landing slots caused breakdown partnership dropped traditional union flag favour world design effort change airline image cosmopolitan members senior management expressed negative opinions nationalism company quickly came fire media making hundreds employees redundant money expensive influential figures prime minister margaret spoke abandoning union flag scheme turning nation british long time rival virgin atlantic took advantage public relations adopted british flag slogan britain national recognising value prestige bearing flag eventually declaring fleet sport dual half union flag half world design june announced newly delivered overhauled planes bear union flag based design cosmopolitan scheme abandoned benefits leadership included cost savings million establishment successful highly low cost carrier intended compete rapidly emerging segment years successful operations british searched buyer eventually airline sold venture later merged sought reduction capacity boeing orders favour boeing short haul fleet new aircraft began discussions eventual large passenger jet september british founding member global airline alliance american canadian pacific marketing alliance member combined frequent program benefits streamlined inter airline connections current british head office officially opened late british agreed franchise agreement small dutch regional airline base regional airline operated airport destinations europe including hamburg london franchise agreement international airline limited sun air scandinavia rod era british reported drop profits worst compounded majority subsidiary companies running heavy losses company reacted selling march bob removed position british announced rod successor set termination investment programs olympic cutting workforce process taken response slump caused attacks share price dropped september showing heavily company hit crash air france flight escalating maintenance costs future limited despite expensive safety modifications air france accident announced april october year cease scheduled services depressed passenger numbers commercial flight new_york london october airline retained ownership placed long term loan museums barbados leadership fleet changes publicly received decision completely end use ethnic aircraft announcing fleet variant union flag design boeing boeing aircraft retired effort cut costs interest expressed upcoming boeing cancelled boeing sonic cruiser late franchise agreement base regional ended years operations airline filed bankruptcy ceased operations strongly marketed service nature remaining domestic flights use principal airports provision complimentary food drink came response low cost operators aggressive main service rival bmi later abandoned domestic network june german subsidiary sold investment group intro september british announced sell stake continue alliance sharing revenue particularly routes million raised reduce airline debt lord marshall appointed life peer retired chairman july replaced martin chairman british american tobacco march announced ceo rod retirement september pledged retain service model reduced network means distinguishing competition customers willing pay extra higher service levels era september new ceo announced dramatic changes management british aim saving million cost airline new hub terminal presided sale connect stating despite best efforts entire team connect prospect current form retained stake following sale june office fair trading united_states department justice began investigating allegations price fixing fuel long haul flights allegations came light virgin atlantic reported events authorities found staff members virgin atlantic virgin atlantic later granted immunity price fixing probe led resignation commercial director martin george communications chief burns august british fined million price fixing subsequently announced fine british million million price fixing said fuel legitimate way recovering costs aside million legal fees fines july steve ceo virgin atlantic admitted knew illegal price fixing airline stop january unveiled new subsidiary took advantage traffic rights flying non stop major european cities united_states operations paris new_york began single boeing june july british announced agreed buy french airline million fully integrated march terminal built exclusively use british cost billion officially opened queen elizabeth_ii opening passengers march problems immediately arose staff confusion baggage handling system failed completely resulting seven flights departing baggage loaded days bags built flights cancelled commented finest hour stops directors left april troubled transition terminal declined annual bonus terminal despite record profits overall october terminal operations settled long haul flights transferred financial difficulties merger july british announced merger plan result joining forces stock transaction retain separate brands similar air france merger agreement beginning august american announced alliance allowing carriers fix routes schedules addition merger talks announced december british discussing merger british combine company largest airline world december talks ended issues ownership november fined million european commission following investigation price fixing june british contacted employees united_kingdom including asking work pay period week month save money november worst half year loss british history reported public high_court decision sided union opposition restructuring plans including reduction cabin crew november december cabin crew british voted favour strike action christmas period job cuts contract changes december ballot ruled invalid high_court voting irregularities strike place march unite announced strike action planes grounded airport day british officials stated flights april confirmed british agreed merge making combined commercial airline largest world revenue newly merged company known international group continue operate current brands merger believed worth approximately billion new group aircraft flies destinations world deal british shareholders took stake company headquartered london remainder owned industry analysts speculated merger makes way tie american likely april western northern europe closed huge density ash clouds volcano iceland feared aircraft damaged crash engine volcanic ash famously troubled british flight affected operating british leading strong objections companies flights progressively restarted ash levels declined october celebrate boeing fleet retirement years british unveiled retro aircraft conducted passenger flight november proceeds went charity flying start charity partnership british comic relief


color air color air norwegian low cost airline operated oslo airport fleet boeing aircraft color air brand extension color line shared common owner controlled color group airline operated daily round trips oslo trondheim bergen london addition weekly trip color air pioneered low cost business model norway seating lack frequent program tickets sold internet telephone bought travel agents nok airline established response opening allow airline sufficient landing slots compete scandinavian color air commenced operations august moving oslo airport october following airline establishment price war broke increased capacity dropped prices giving increase seats dominant domestic routes seat loads percent thirteen months nok million losses color air gave filed bankruptcy price war cost nok billion ultimately forced merge service flights based oslo airport summer routes color air operated daily round trips airport daily round trips bergen airport trondheim airport addition single daily round trip london airport weekly round trip airport domestic destination flights correspond color line departing oslo kiel germany denmark color air seating class offered board frequent program color air agreement tickets sold phone internet bought travel agency nok color air linked booking system owing costs associated membership fleet airline boeing aircraft built originally fitted seats later reduced increased aircraft owned international lease finance corporation general_electric capital cost nok million month lease plus additional costs hour british registered operated air maintenance performed british midland companies based united_kingdom ground handling carried ground services trondheim bergen oslo destinations history background norway joining european economic area norwegian airline market april needed concession ministry transport fly particular route compete freely domestic international routes previously major scandinavian system safe routes established main haul routes increased traffic soon capacity problem oslo airport main hub peak times morning afternoon rush excess slots new compensate norwegian airport administration building new main airport eastern norway located larger terminal ample room expansion entry new new airport opened october establishment january announced establish low cost airline following opening new airport company led ceo previously ceo norway lawyer company shipping company line company brand extension shipping company color line company aimed market share million passengers annually low cost airline norway company launched tickets nok way sold cheap tickets demanding traveler away weekend color air agreement british airline air operate fleet boeing aircraft following announcement establish color air safe chose launched new changed starting company boeing delivered march introduced business class best cabin economy class cabin april new nok tax introduced domestic flights decided divide cross taxes routes color air able tax valid routes southern norway increase prices northern norway routes southern norway color air hand forced tax departures government way hinder minister finance centre party encouraged cheat follow intentions law admitted government hinder cross contract lease boeing aircraft international lease finance corporation maintenance british company operated classic aircraft denied color air use technical workshops start color air hired pilots flight ground employees addition administration company criticized hiring women flight operated internal pension age years pilots year age limit rules judicial age limit years color air able hire retired pilots paid nok annual wage received pension old employers norwegian airline pilots association stated morally color air supported norwegian civil aviation authority medical experts claimed medical reasons let people 60s operate aircraft start operation aircraft delivered august new airport officially open october airport color air started flights airport august flights trondheim airport commenced august bergen airport route started august week passengers traveling color air departure color air losing nok week operation scheme based tickets nok plus nok taxes tickets available lowest price departure order granted tickets tickets restrictions cancellation subject restrictions return dates opening increased number flights established route started routes number daily trips oslo increased total companies increased daily round trip daily seat capacity largest increase seven daily round trips seventeen offered companies route trondheim number departures increased operating color air increase seats profitable state new seat tax applicable seats received annual revenue increase nok million plane planned leave aircraft minutes delayed color air aircraft instead august end october airline cabin load company stated needed slightly profit announced receive aircraft supplement service instead starting route company instead chose open route london airport starting december airline stated sufficient aircraft round trips little credible operator route price war november color air changed conditions tied purchase tickets reduced price tickets available seven days departure price tickets time maximum price increased nok ticket prices changed include taxes requirements authorities new ticket introduced nok including taxes winter settled color air grew colder following denying color air use equipment resulting plane stuck airport november color air transported passengers mid december company time limited offer tickets nok september ownership color air rearranged ownership created color group wholly color line line line color air retained ownership corporation line group subsequently listed oslo stock exchange general meeting held december largest owners color line vital government pension fund norway opposed merger felt purchased companies color air time nok million long process shareholders color group adjusted nok million bought entire color group stock exchange following conflict shareholders end clear increased capacity achieved increase opening similar numbers applicable business market particular large corporations divisions large cities demanding high frequencies routes color air fewer departures mainly targeted leisure segment particular routes oslo low seat million seats annually passengers giving cabin load accumulated cabin load color air passengers course quarter color air lost nok million nok million day year color air average ticket price nok giving revenue nok million nok million taxes giving nok million cover operating costs nok million company lost nok million february announced register planes sweden avoid having pay value added tax catering fuel color air planes registered abroad gotten away paying taxes applied norway registered planes following announcement ministry finance changed rules foreign owned planes pay tax change rules cost color air nok million plane year july seat tax removed replaced equivalent tax passenger cheaper fly plane expensive fly color air reduced number seats plane avoid seat tax increased tax removed quarter color air transported passengers gave cabin load trondheim route route gave airline deficit nok million lost nok million lost nok million comparison norway nok million profit quarter april color air won year contract norway post air mail oslo trondheim april color air started weekly round trip saturday airport spain april took ceo color air company increased cabin load increasing numbers included change number seats plane following month people traveled airline end july color air lost nok million july color air cabin load exceeding level stated necessary profit september announced took step reduce capacity bergen oslo follow immediately reduce combined daily departures willing reduce september color air announced start flying round trips oslo airport october following delivery fourth aircraft time airline reduce number round trips load factor august management stated load sufficient money particular company stated aircraft weekends company succeeding garnering necessary business fill planes attractive company changed classes business company stated attract business travelers looking international partner conduct international routes introduce frequent program cooperation partner bankruptcy september color air terminated flights ceased operations stated regretted having started airline said ferry company airline price business travel particular frequent programs difficult convince corporate travelers switch color air believed company continue lose money employees lost jobs color group estimated lost nok million airline discussions concerning cooperation british discussions lead agreement total color air flew passengers effectively passenger nok company declared bankrupt wanted good reputation paying owed money nok million airport fees smaller sums parties largest creditors aircraft companies nok million owed rest rental period people tickets color air flights nok million debt registered company assets worth nok million color air declared bankrupt november day termination stock price increased increased immediately following bankruptcy increased prices subsequently increased ticket price stated elimination competition price increase oslo routes november started remove routes announced increase prices reintroduced flag norway replaced silver abstract wing lost nok billion total cost price war exceeded nok billion


flight flight regularly scheduled flight new_york crashed january utc boeing flying route ran fuel approach john kennedy international airport causing aircraft crash small village cove neck new_york north shore long_island crew members passengers board killed national transportation safety board determined crash occurred flight crew failing properly declare fuel emergency resulting air traffic control seriousness situation flight left fuel journey progressed normally route flight placed holding patterns poor communication air crew air traffic controllers inadequate management fuel load pilots flight critically low fuel dire situation recognized emergency controllers flight attempted landing bad weather coupled poor communication inadequate management aircraft forced attempt flight ran fuel able second landing attempt airplane crashed approximately miles hundreds emergency personnel responded crash site helped save victims survived severely injured required months years physically recover investigators looked factors contributed crash failures flight crew cited probable cause crash weather air traffic controller performances traffic management cited contributing events led accident conclusion controversial disagreement investigators passengers ultimately responsible eventually government joined settled pay damages victims families crash portrayed variety media background flight aircraft boeing registration number aircraft manufactured june purchased pan time crash aircraft flight hours equipped engines modified kit reduce noise pollution personnel reported percent fuel performance calculations kit additional percent age aircraft additionally maintenance crews noted recurring issues aircraft including altitude hold function flight manned crew including flight flight crewmen flight crew captained year old year old officer year old flight engineer time crash captain employed years logged hours flight time including hours night flying experience record prior accidents employed years hours flight time transitioned previous october logged flight hours airframe including night flight engineer employed years hours flight time including hours hours night flying airframe flight flight regularly scheduled international passenger flight international airport colombia john kennedy international airport queens new_york intermediate stop international airport near colombia departure flight flight departed eastern standard time minutes ahead schedule january flight landed prepared fly leg aircraft landed pounds fuel flight plan filed journey called pounds fuel required trip pounds reserve fuel pounds alternate fuel pounds holding fuel pounds taxi fuel totaling pounds minimum block fuel ordered total fuel load pounds including pounds fuel raise aircraft weight maximum planned departure runway captain decided use runway requested additional pounds fuel flight departed bound flight entered miami air route traffic control center flying feet proceeded northward climbing feet flight cleared fly atlantic route navigational aid jet norfolk virginia flight entered holding pattern norfolk remained flight continued intersection near atlantic city new_jersey placed second holding pattern flight proceeded intersection entered holding pattern flight entered holding pattern feet having cleared descend prior arrival intersection flight descended feet holding pattern holding new_york air route traffic control center advised flight indefinite hold continue holding controller told flight expect clearance flight previously given delay estimates passed point officer controller saying think need priority passing controller long flight hold alternate airport replied hold minutes controller alternate airport replied boston don run fuel controller listening conversation called new_york terminal radar approach control advised controller flight hold minutes controller asked flight send alternate airport controller replied slow zero knots controller later testified heard flight longer reach alternate airport radar controller cleared flight proceed feet slow knots mph flight departed holding pattern landing attempt controller told flight crew expect left proceed direct deer park controller directed flight turn controller gave flight wind shear advisory increase knots feet increase knots feet flight crew acknowledged advisory experiencing light fog mile visibility indefinite ceiling feet obscured wind knots mph flight contacted final controller cleared descend progressively feet flight crew discussed procedures flight engineer stated controllers know bad condition captain said descending second officer added giving priority final controller informed flight miles outer marker instructed maintain altitude feet established flight crew began preparing instrument landing approach extending flaps discussing appropriate final controller instructed flight crew contact tower controllers signed acknowledged transmission contacted tower controllers informed flight established left minute later captain asked lower landing gear officer replied think early tower asked flight increase knots knots mph flight miles outer marker seconds later officer remarked alive captain requested landing gear deployed minute later tower cleared flight land runway captain asked officer confirm flight cleared land officer began informing captain aircraft flight descended feet aircraft began descending angle began climbing followed descent officer commented wind shear officer warned pilot sink rate noted altitude feet warned pilot ground proximity warning system began pull warnings pilot called lights followed questions runway seconds later began warnings seconds later flight crew aircraft response captain inquiries officer replied runway flight began climbing having come feet crashing miles short runway landing gear raised officer announced flight executing missed approach crash tower controller asked flight climb feet left turn captain asked officer tell emergency officer told tower controller try running fuel controller replied okay seconds later captain told officer advise emergency asked officer replied yes sir advised controller directed flight contact approach controller controller asked flight climb feet captain asked officer advise don fuel officer replied climb maintain thousand running fuel sir captain asked officer advised controller fuel emergency officer replied yes sir advise eighty heading going maintain thousand feet going minute later controller instructed flight turn northeast asked flight crew fuel directed miles airport officer replied guess thank asked controller final controller said sir turn left heading zero zero controller cleared aircraft landing briefly thought clearance directed began tell captain change course controller corrected controller asked climb feet replied negative sir running fuel okay thousand okay controller continued direct flight northward away airport controller said okay number approach room having come cockpit voice recorder recorded temporary power second later flight engineer flame flame engine number recorded power second said flame engine number essential number number captain acknowledged controller informing flight lost engines need priority controller instructed flight fly southwest intercept acknowledged flight crew selected controller informed flight miles outer marker cleared approach runway acknowledged final radio transmission flight asked selected replied ready second later stopped recording controller tried radio flight asking fuel airport response report estimates time flight crashed aircraft descended power trees posts crashed hill slope cove neck new_york fuselage partially fragmented distinct pieces cockpit forward cabin separated rest airframe crest hill coming stop feet rest wreckage rest fuselage stopped feet impact main fuselage came rest hill facing south forward end extending crest hill right forward end fuselage fractured residential wooden deck recovery response residents cove neck immediately called emergency services jeff race member new_york_city emergency medical service lived half mile crash site site reported passengers seats survivors crying help survivors later commented took half hour rescue teams arrive initial reports emergency services reported larger boeing crashed fire chief thomas bay fire company charge initial effort remove people wreckage nassau county fire commission dispatch requested help available thirty seven fire ambulance companies seven nassau county police officers arrived help companies called showed voluntarily assist swell support created major problems survivors crash accessible vehicles single residential street surge rescue personnel area roads leading site soon traffic emergency vehicle drivers abandoned vehicles counter established policy course rescue efforts prevented vehicles able access crash area road rescue workers left vehicles miles away scene foot fog grounded rescue helicopters hours result critically injured survivors evacuated eventually helicopters new_york_city police aviation unit evacuated people crash site major problems communication radio frequencies authorities site unable command decisions cases head surgery nassau county medical center present scene unable direct patients best locations center advice send survivors medical professionals site reported hospitals received date information watching news coverage despite problems passengers found alive died injuries rescue workers set areas lawn john parents john known edward swan house command post set property feet crash site bodies found outside fuselage firefighters erected airframe wreckage led passengers sites sites doctors tagged critically injured patients immediate evacuation bodies gathered makeshift property following morning passenger initially believed dead severe injuries officials placed body soon heard sent hospital medical turned away scene police help ease congestion survivors evacuated hospitals emergency hospitalized result rescue efforts evacuation priests site offering encouragement assisting medical personnel performing rites local new_york residents showed hospitals food blankets volunteer spanish new_york blood center reported collecting units blood triple goal casualties people board died result crash lead flight attendant crew member survive surviving passengers adults children years old sustained injuries sustained minor injuries sustained minor injuries seriously injured kenneth month old son died surviving steward testified communication cockpit situation warning end assume positions report held passengers warned ahead time impact severity injuries avoided common injuries multiple lower leg spinal hip head injuries multiple investigators found severe damage floor cabin resulting passengers seats fracture legs met floor track permitted seats come loose impact aggravated passengers injuries report passengers legs hit lower seat frames time seats collapsed twisted downward left likely causing hip spinal impact progressed seats separated passengers forward wreckage causing head injuries passengers holding reported unable prevent children ejected grasp impact locate children darkness afterward held children federal aviation administration child seats injuries remarked found smiling seemingly unharmed unable accurately chart individual passengers seated assigned seats passengers assigned reported moving takeoff cockpit severely damaged impact struck oak tree penetrated area occupied seats occupied flight crew found outside cockpit pilots seats shoulder required united_states domestic passenger flights flight crew member nassau county medical center report states flight crew died blunt force head upper trauma flight died blunt force trauma limbs abdomen chest head investigation commenced investigation began shortly crash concluded issuance final report april involved airline colombia civil conducted investigation accident survey wreckage revealed tail intact control surfaces connected pilots controls wings severely damaged impact fractured pieces flaps found extended positions flaps set tail wing control surfaces found connected pilots controls evidence control surface failure prior crash investigators realized engines power time impact worked rescue passengers investigators recovered flight data recorder cockpit voice recorder wreckage brought laboratory washington older foil model began requiring domestic carriers change digital flight minimize errors foil models produced requirement apply international carriers foil found taped point prior flight recommended report active role ensuring upgraded international standards flight recordings vital sources evidence crash investigators looked meteorological factors led flight problems investigators found weather data flight crew received hours old additionally alternate airport flight plan logan international airport boston forecast safe landing stated flight crew aware problems cited deficiencies evidence dispatch airplane found evidence flight crew requested weather information route communicated fuel status flights flight contact flight service stations flight watch route unable determine flight express concern fuel situation holding patterns flight indication worry came flight crew delays boston flight crew confused expect clearance times given confusion reason flight continued hold burning reserve fuel point longer divert boston investigators cited flight engineer failing minimum approach landing fuel quantity report references turn flight ordered evidence crew known treated routinely given emergency priority instead revealed flight crew convinced given priority additionally criticized officer failing use word emergency captain insisted compounded apparent inability captain hear understand radio communications called situation total breakdown communications investigators cited failure fuel situation holding order ensure arrival approach fix adequate approach minimum fuel level breakdown communications flight main factors led crash investigators asserted performances traffic controllers proper reasonable controllers involved considered word priority flight crew running fuel indicative emergency report provided examples flight crew failing convey danger situation moments engines investigators felt communications personnel proper voiced concern controllers placing significance word priority public hearing revealed unrelated pilot emphasis word priority crew come training boeing word relation fuel word priority publications low fuel status procedures controllers testified pan pan emergency phrases respond immediately report stated priority defined handbook precedence established order urgency importance result linguistic confusion recommended work international civil aviation organization develop standard clearly defined terms foreign carriers rules procedures cited pilot inability land attempt contributing crash investigation revealed wind shear significant factor failed approach factors probably contributed report cited recurring maintenance problems airplane possible factor pilot forced fly manually investigators believed added exhaustion stress cockpit evidence pointed instances captain asked repeat instructions confirm aircraft configuration stress investigators asserted degraded flight crew performance final approach investigators looked traffic management central flow control facility communication established airport acceptance rate aircraft landings hour morning later supervisor contacted requested higher rate landings hour acceptance rate investigators concluded based inaccurate weather conditions report concluded traffic management problems contributed conditions led accident lead directly accident controversy probable cause crash determined failure adequately manage airplane fuel load failure communicate emergency fuel situation air traffic control fuel exhaustion occurred members filed opinions report jim voted adoption report felt adequately address failures air traffic controllers role allowing traffic handle christopher hart filed partial dissent disagreed report findings lack standardized terminology dissent wrote standardized terminology adequately communicated existence dangerous situation problem pilots failed use terminology controllers colombia investigators disagreed findings comment draft report recommended place responsibility controllers inadequate handling flight recommended encourage modifying system regulations require active flight following system assist flight crews evaluating weather traffic delays aftermath male passengers arrested north shore hospital nurse informed police year old containers filled cocaine fractured spine broken ribs hip second passenger found possession cocaine packages doctors operating day crash stop internal bleeding discovered cocaine pleaded guilty second degree criminal possession controlled substance sentenced seven years life prison sentenced years life crash survivors suffered long physical psychological endured month crash orderly vehicles drove laid international terminal lobby protest handling flight survivors sued accusing agency failing ensure flight safety july offered crash survivors relatives killed government eventually joined reached settlement estimated million damages victims summer notable fuel declared flights happened june flight declared minimum fuel situation landed minutes worth fuel left second happened august flight declared minutes fuel left confusion pilot meant controllers declared emergency cleared plane land immediately later revealed flight hours worth fuel left popular culture discovery channel canada national geographic series called air crash investigation air emergency featured story disaster second season episode titled missing new_york featured planes crash series episode titled human error impact cultural differences pilots american air traffic controllers discussed book specifically mention stock footage plane wreckage utilized film day tomorrow survivor wrote book flight titled minutes years later


aircraft crash aircraft crash january airplane incident involving crashed attempting land joint base iraq time operated united_states_air_force crash killed people aboard left passenger critically injured officials claim crash caused poor weather conditions sources claim cover plane actually shot missile aircraft aircraft registration number flight powered engines twin engined light transport aircraft derived particular attention potential military use modified rear fuselage large cargo ramp background aircraft took turkey owned company day accident chartered turkish construction company contracted build new hangar air base aircraft hired aviation ltd carrying cargo passengers total cargo board compared capacity turkish authorities told cnn television passengers turkish workers russian ukrainian american board totals number people known board later russian consul general said russian ukrainian citizenship board construction workers worked base brig robin commander air expeditionary wing said brave civilian contract employees iraq helping accomplish mission loss tragedy adding families time loss crash plane crashed away air base main hub military logistics iraq attempting land anonymous ministry official told associated_press pilot aborted landing attempt poor weather conditions aircraft said crashed fog eyewitness relative deceased said watched missile strike right hand fuselage standing meters aircraft went man said multiple saw aircraft shot partner ownership construction company dead emergency response aircraft crashed military base emergency response supplied army air_force ground ambulance response area support medical company army national_guard missouri responded support base helicopters air_force expeditionary rescue squadron transported dead scene passengers crew members board flight individuals pulled alive wreckage died transported army ground ambulance air_force theater hospital survivor named carried army ground ambulance air_force theater hospital received life saving emergency surgery reaction islamic army iraq day accident group islamic army iraq web site known authorities group claimed shot plane statement said members opened fire plane trying land american base near different directions medium range weapons help god able shoot investigation wreckage photographed army hauled away trucks base presently secured ongoing question fog spokesman iraqi transport ministry said day crash technical failure lack aviation experience crew crash investigation iraqi government american government government turkish government denied permission join investigative team air_force army willing help investigation ali deputy head turkish aviation authority said initial information indicated technical malfunction plane confusion whereabouts aircraft flight data recorder cockpit voice recorder commonly referred black boxes turkish foreign ministry stated shipped headquarters turkish minister transportation claims iraq rest debris confirmed recovered occurred january


airport airport norwegian regional airport located municipality kilometers south town county norway owned operated state owned airport single meter runway numbered served operates dash aircraft cities bergen oslo starting town served airport located industrial site town poor operational conditions opened old airport closed originally consisted meter runway lengthened helicopter operator based airport airport originally municipal served passengers history plans airport serving region town construction started halted government commission recommended primary airport built serve entire county plans changed following appointed ministry transport communications norway instead insisted network short landing airports smaller communities airport built specifications located middle industrial area outside town center regional aviation network western norway airport built evident location suited planning alternative location began main concern airport lacked instrument landing system daylight hours alternative location proposal site discarded civil aviation administration poor weather conditions late proposals concluded probably suitable location airport near recommended town instead served airport located kilometers away construction operational history proposed plans developed ministry transport communications recommended closed replaced new airport construction started new airport opened august taking scheduled traffic started scheduled services oslo bergen originally canada twin dash aircraft oslo established based moved dash aircraft phased airport originally owned inter municipal enterprise operating covered subsidies state unclear responsibilities little financial risk owners regional airports including transferred later renamed lost public service obligation contract fly airport moved technical base western norway included new hangar airport café originally meters runway expanded meters west installed following year regained contract moved technical base facilities airport owned operated state owned airport meters asphalt runway aligned instrument flight rules allowed aircraft equipped terminal small conference center airport seventeen minute drive operates airport coach takes minutes paid parking car rental available airport hangar administration buildings destinations operates scheduled services connecting oslo airport bergen airport combined seven daily flights flights operated dash aircraft public service obligation contract ministry transport communications airport local airport municipalities outer airport passengers aircraft movements tonnes cargo fifth patronage travels bergen experiences people driving bergen airport directly helicopter operator based largest employer employees company flies air ambulance charter services airport aviation club future started process look airport structure early plans looked closing airport possibly airport expanding runway airport meters allow operate oslo significantly lower ticket prices likely citizens radius remove need subsidies previously ministry transport communications proposed closing airport splitting traffic airport road distance kilometers airport airport


airport airport norwegian regional airport located kilometers south municipality county norway airport owned operated state owned serves municipalities airport meter asphalt runway numbered flies airport dash aircraft contract ministry transport communications airport opened municipal airport served took flights airport served passengers history plans airport short landing flights launched government december airport proposed airport airport airport airport airport airport plans passed parliament april grants starting construction issued state budget operating permission issued government september financing split state percent municipality percent county municipality percent municipal funding financed loan state funding granted state budget airports original target passengers year airport estimated cost nok million lowest tender nok million airport ended having severe cost nok million combined airport scheduled opened october bad weather day ceremonies place aircraft land initially served flew services trondheim monday friday winter shortcomings found terminal building temperatures measured indoors announced december terminate operations outside took effect january leaving scheduled services manning airport reduced airport remained open summer schedules included services coast airport passengers combined subsidies passengers nok included nok million state operating subsidies airport addition operating deficit nok million covered municipality regional airports taken state civil aviation administration later renamed airport passengers years proposed certain regional airport closed effort reduce costs disapproved government airport received renewed certification civil aviation authority addition new runway lighting required airport rescue boat ministry started process consider smaller aircraft seat dash aircraft reason average passengers flight airport combined airport security introduced january county municipality pressing extension runway meters construction larger hangar facilities airport located kilometers south paid parking car rental available bus service available airport area includes airfield elevation meters mean sea level meter runway aligned roughly northeast southwest extension runway runway end safety areas completed november runway previous length meters western end runway located artificial land surrounded sea precision approach runway non precision lacks instrument landing system destinations airport served dash aircraft services public service obligations ministry transport communications accidents incidents september aircraft runway landed sea emergency landing caused loss power immediately people board injured slightly