american rock band formed los_angeles california band underwent multiple line changes existence frontman roger known jim remaining sole consistent member group disbanded managed attain huge commercial success contemporaries like beatles beach boys rolling_stones short period today considered critics influential bands 1960s initially pioneered musical genre folk rock influence beatles british invasion bands contemporary traditional folk music 1960s progressed band influential originating psychedelic rock rock country rock band signature blend clear harmony singing string guitar continued influential popular music present day band enduring songs cover versions bob_dylan man pete turn turn turn season self penned originals feel lot better miles high want rock roll star ballad easy rider chestnut mare original piece line consisted jim lead guitar vocals gene clark vocals david rhythm guitar vocals chris bass guitar vocals michael clarke drums version band relatively short lived early clark left problems associated anxiety increasing isolation group continued quartet late clarke departed band decided recruit new members including country rock pioneer parsons late parsons exited band time changed roger religion elected rebuild band membership helmed new incarnation featuring guitarist white disbanded current line early way reunion original final album released march reunited group disbanding soon members band went successful careers solo artists members groups nash young flying brothers desert rose band late 1980s gene clark michael clarke began touring prompting legal challenge rights band result performed series reunion concerts recorded new songs january inducted rock roll hall_of_fame occasion saw original members performing time remain active gene clark died heart attack michael clarke died liver failure december history formation nucleus formed early jim gene clark david came trio musicians background rooted folk music having worked folk singer acoustic circuit early 1960s addition served time independently collegiate folk groups mitchell trio clark new les spent time professional songwriter building new_york_city bobby early music beatles begun solo folk repertoire acoustic versions beatles songs performing folk club los_angeles approached fellow beatles fan gene clark pair soon formed peter gordon style duo playing beatles covers renditions traditional folk songs self penned material soon david introduced duo began songs impressed blend voices musicians formed trio named jet set moniker inspired love introduced clark associate jim access world pacific studios recording demos sensing trio potential quickly took management duties group business partner eddie group financial manager began utilizing world pacific studios record trio craft perfected blend beatles pop bob_dylan style folk rehearsals world pacific band folk rock sound beatles influenced material folk music roots covers contemporary folk songs began initially blend arose rehearsals continued band began actively attempt bridge gap folk music rock demo recordings jet set world pacific studios later collected compilation albums beginning sessions plus drummer michael clarke added jet set clarke recruited largely good looks brian jones esque musical experience limited having played semi professional capacity san_francisco clarke drum kit initially play makeshift setup consisting cardboard boxes band continued arranged single deal group records founder single coupled band originals let love don long featured clark augmented session musicians ray bass earl drums attempt cash british invasion dominating american charts time band changed single release suitably british sounding let love issued records october failed chart august managed acquire disc unreleased bob_dylan song man felt effective cover jet set band initially unimpressed song began rock band arrangement changing time signature configuration process attempt bolster group confidence song invited world pacific hear band perform man impressed group rendition enthusiastically commented wow man dance ringing endorsement erased lingering doubts band song soon inspired beatles film hard day night band decided equip similar instruments string guitar drum kit clarke guitar clark soon resulting clark switching october recruited player chris jet set bassist background oriented country music folk rock having member groups known golden state boys concurrently recruitment jet set green grass group connections helpful recommendation jazz miles davis group signed recording contract columbia_records november weeks later thanksgiving dinner eddie house jet set decided moniker retained theme flight echoed deliberate beatles folk rock january entered columbia studios hollywood record man release debut single columbia band completely musically play man gene clark penned knew want band members producer terry hired collection session musicians known crew including drums larry bass jerry cole guitar russell electric piano guitar provided instrumental backing track clark sang time sessions debut album began march satisfied band competent record musical backing use outside musicians debut single given rise persistent myth playing debut album session musicians band waited man released began residency disc nightclub sunset strip hollywood band regular appearances march april allowed ensemble playing perfect stage persona expand repertoire addition residency nightclub band began dedicated following youth culture hip hollywood fraternity like kim peter jack arthur lee regularly attending band performances march author band forthcoming debut single bob_dylan impromptu visit club joined stage rendition jimmy reed baby want excitement generated quickly fixture nightclub scene resulted teenagers filling outside club desperate band perform number noted music historians authors including peter suggested crowds young gathered perform represented west_coast columbia_records eventually released man single april electric rock band treatment producer terry given song effectively created template musical folk rock melodic string guitar playing heavily compressed produce extremely bright sustained tone immediately influential remained present day single featured major characteristic band sound clear harmony singing usually featured clark providing high harmony additionally noted song abstract lyrics took rock pop songwriting new heights intellectual literary combined rock instrumentation popular music group months man folk rock smash hit reaching number billboard hot chart singles chart single success initiated folk rock boom number influenced acts hits american british charts term folk rock coined american music press describe band sound june roughly time man peaked number man album followed june peaking number billboard chart number albums_chart album mixed folk songs including pete musical adaptation davies poem bells number covers band compositions majority written gene clark particular clark feel lot better gone rock music standard critics considering band clark best songs release man album like single influential folk rock served establish band internationally successful rock act representing effective american challenge dominance beatles british invasion single want interpretation song despite success man reluctant release penned single feeling formulaic columbia_records believing cover result instant hit group rendition want noticeably different structure original features ascending melody progression chorus utilizes completely new melody song verses order turn minor key bridge issued june man climbing charts single rush released columbia attempt bury rival cover version released simultaneously imperial records chart battle ensued rendition stalled number billboard hot version reached number reverse true version reached number peaked number author john noted period career enjoyed tremendous popularity teenage pop fans music receiving widespread airplay radio faces countless teen magazines time unconventional dress sense casual attire odds prevailing trend contemporary beat groups members sporting dressed striking green cape wearing pair distinctive rectangular glasses band california cool looking suitably non particular distinctive rectangular popular members burgeoning united_states widely regarded point band actually multiple clark later taking turns sing lead vocals roughly equal measures group repertoire despite array personnel changes group underwent later years lack dedicated lead singer remain stylistic trait music majority band existence distinctive aspect image air detachment stage camera natural compounded large amounts marijuana band consumed resulted moody erratic live performances contemporary music press extremely critical abilities live act mid-1960s reaction british media band august tour england particularly scathing english tour largely orchestrated group publicist taylor attempt capitalize number chart success man single unfortunately tour start band touted america answer beatles label proved impossible live concert performances combination poor sound group illness ragged band lackluster stage presence combined audiences served provoke band british press tour enable band meet number english groups including rolling_stones beatles particular band relationship beatles prove important acts groups meeting los_angeles weeks later return america period beatles vocal support publicly acknowledging creative competitors naming favorite american group number authors including noted influence beatles late album rubber soul notably songs man needed utilizes guitar riff similar cover bells columbia single initially intended release cover baby blue premiered california radio station instead decided record turn turn turn season pete composition lyrics adapted entirely biblical book song brought group previously arranged chamber folk style working collins album collins cover turn turn turn season issued october band second number single title track second album single represented high water mark folk rock chart trend described music historian folk rock highest possible grace note addition music critic william noted song lyrical message peace tolerance struck nerve american record buying public vietnam war continued second album turn turn turn released december received positive reception critical consensus deemed inferior band debut nonetheless commercial success peaking number charts number author scott noted man turn turn turn album served establish rock music important creative forces par beatles beach boys rolling_stones like debut album comprised mixture group originals folk songs bob_dylan covers characterized group clear harmonies distinctive guitar sound album featured band compositions predecessor gene clark particular coming fore songwriter songs period including don care time world turns set free time widely regarded critics best folk rock genre song chosen release single january densely lyrics melancholy melody ballad like tempo contributed number billboard chart failing reach chart altogether riding crest wave half recording sessions second album tension source conflict power struggle begun develop producer terry band manager jim aspirations produce band causing overly critical work month turn turn turn released approached columbia_records requested replaced despite fact successfully steered band recording number singles hit albums hopes allowed produce band columbia assigned west_coast head allen band december recorded new self penned composition titled miles high studios hollywood song represented creative leap forward band considered blown psychedelic rock recording critics contemporaneous acts exploring similar musical territory song pivotal folk rock new musical forms rock columbia_records refused release band version song recorded record company studios result band forced record miles high columbia studios los_angeles january recorded version released single included group album song marked groundbreaking lead guitar playing saw guitarist attempting emulate free form jazz saxophone playing john particular playing song india impressions album miles high exhibits influence indian classical music quality song vocal melody guitar playing song subtle use indian influences resulted labeled rock music press fact single drew directly indian release miles high banned radio stations following allegations broadcasting trade journal report lyrics advocated recreational drug use band management denied allegations stating song lyrics actually described airplane flight london band subsequent concert tour england relatively modest chart success miles high number number largely attributed broadcasting ban challenging slightly nature track possible reason failure reach february prior release miles high gene clark left band departure partly fear flying impossible partly increasing isolation band clark witnessed fatal airplane crash youth panic attack plane bound new_york result disembarked refused flight effect clark exit plane represented exit telling fly known years incident stress related factors work resentment band gene songwriting income wealthiest member group clark subsequently signed columbia_records solo artist went produce critically acclaimed commercially unsuccessful body work died age heart failure brought bleeding stomach years alcohol abuse heavy cigarette habit contributing factors album fifth dimension released july album material continued build band new psychedelic sound extending exploration jazz styles tracks penned happening album saw coming forward band vocalist order fill hole group harmonies clark departure left title track fifth dimension released single ahead album like miles high banned number radio stations supposedly featuring lyrics advocated drug use addition album cover artwork featured appearance colorful psychedelic mosaic logo variations subsequently appear number band compilation albums release younger yesterday fifth dimension album received mixed critical reception release commercially successful predecessors peaking number number band biographer noted album lackluster chart performance lukewarm critical reception high profile loss gene clark group popularity began point late group forgotten mainstream pop audience nonetheless band considered emerging rock underground new san_francisco groups day including love jefferson airplane buffalo springfield publicly naming primary influence band returned studio november december record fourth album younger yesterday allen having recently departed columbia_records work band chose bring producer usher help guide album sessions usher wealth production experience love innovative studio experimentation prove entered creatively adventurous phase song recorded album penned want rock roll star satirical heavily sarcastic manufactured nature groups like song features trumpet playing south african musician hugh marks appearance brass recording want rock roll star issued single january peaked number america failed chart despite relatively poor chart showing want rock roll star best known songs years initial release inspiring cover versions likes tom petty smith group released february fourth album younger yesterday varied predecessor saw band successfully mixing folk rock country western influences received generally positive reviews release album degree overlooked record buying public consequently peaked number billboard chart number albums_chart music expert peter pointed album passed rapidly teen audience found favor new underground following hit singles coming regard albums major artistic statements addition want rock roll star younger yesterday includes evocative penned song renaissance fair cover pages later released single quartet chris songs found bassist emerging fully formed accomplished songwriter country oriented compositions album time girl seen early country rock direction band pursue later albums younger yesterday features jazz tinged ballad everybody burned critic thomas ward described haunting songs catalogue david finest compositions jim changed roger result interest indonesian religion initiated january adoption new common followers religion served spiritual rebirth participant shortly change band entered studio record penned non album single lady friend released july biographer johnny described lady friend work great maturity fastest single date regardless artistic merits single stalled disappointing number billboard chart despite band making number high profile television appearances promote record closely overseen recording song disappointed single lack success blamed usher mixing song factor commercial failure poor sales suffered lady friend stark contrast chart success band compilation album greatest_hits released august sanctioned columbia_records wake success bob_dylan greatest_hits album critical commercial triumph peaking number billboard chart giving band highest charting album america debut man year compilation certified gold recording_industry_association_of_america eventually going platinum november today biggest selling album discography prior release greatest_hits band decided services managers jim eddie relationship band recent months business arrangement officially dissolved june recommendation larry brought handle business affairs group manage large extent june december worked completing fifth album notorious brothers lead single album cover king song released october peaked number billboard chart despite lack commercial success rendition featured band performance author described beautiful recording music critic called magnificent melodic cover big hit song found successfully blending signature harmonies string guitar playing sound pedal steel guitar time extensive use instrument album sweetheart released january notorious brothers album saw band taking psychedelic experimentation extremes mixing folk rock country music jazz single song utilizing innovative studio production techniques album featured contributions number noted session musicians including guitarist future white white played younger yesterday contributed country influenced guitar tracks natural harmony wasn born follow change release album universally praised music critics moderately successful commercially particularly united_states peaked number album reputation grown years today widely regarded critics fans best album releases line changes band worked notorious brothers album late increasing tension members group eventually resulted departures clarke increasingly irritated saw attempts band musical direction addition performance pop festival june gave lengthy song speeches controversial subjects including assassination benefits giving politicians world intense annoyance band members irritated performing rival group buffalo springfield filling member young reputation band deteriorated following commercial failure lady friend single feature song penned solely tensions band finally erupted august recording sessions notorious brothers album michael clarke quit group disputes dissatisfaction material songwriting members band providing session jim gordon brought temporarily replace clarke studio continued honor live concert commitments group september refused participate recording king song considering inferior controversial song direct competition place album felt band rely self penned material albums cover songs artists writers eventually san_francisco band jefferson airplane included recording album crown creation tensions reached breaking point october drove home fired stating better subsequently received cash settlement bought soon began working stephen graham nash successful nash years exit enjoyed influential commercially successful career nash augmented young nash solo artist 1980s fought drug addiction eventually served year prison drug related charges emerged jail free drug habit remains musically active present day following departure gene clark briefly rejoined band left weeks later refusing board aircraft tour disagreement biographers band historians clark actually participated recording sessions notorious brothers evidence suggest sang backing vocals songs space odyssey michael clarke returned band briefly end album sessions informed member reduced duo elected hire new band members cousin kevin quickly recruited band new drummer trio embarked early college tour support notorious brothers soon apparent band studio recordings piece line wasn going possible decision future career direction hired parsons keyboard player quickly moved guitar parsons considered members actually received salary sign columbia_records recording contract renewed february country rock parsons era following induction band parsons began assert musical agenda intended marry love country western music youth culture passion rock country music fashionable young audience found spirit played number notable bands joining addition persuaded incorporate subtle country influences music past beginning song satisfied mind turn turn turn album reservations band proposed new direction parsons convinced country music theoretically expand group declining audience persuaded change direction abandon original concept group album record history 20th century american popular music instead explore country rock march band columbia recording studios nashville tennessee white tow begin recording sessions sweetheart album nashville appeared grand march performed song sing home parsons wind actually scheduled play second song life prison group play country music institution band met mocking calls conservative audience band incurred wrath renowned country music appeared nashville based radio program mocked band interview secret dislike newly recorded country rock single ain parsons later write sarcastic song drug store truck man appearance journalist david noted reactions grand audience indicative resistance hostility venture country music provoked nashville old guard following stay nashville band returned los_angeles april worked completing new country oriented album period parsons attempted exert controlling influence group recruit pete band permanent pedal steel guitar player refused parsons began push higher salary demanding group billed parsons forthcoming album previously parsons biggest supporter band began grow weary forceful demands ultimately parsons behavior led power struggle control group finding position band leader challenged april release ain served strengthen position head guitarist familiar occupying lead vocal spot input parsons despite single obvious country parsons dominance band waned post production sweetheart appearance album contested music business lee alleged singer contract record label creating legal complications columbia_records result replaced parsons lead vocals songs don miss water christian life years legal problems resolved album producer usher later different slant events surrounding removal parsons vocals telling biographer stephen alterations album arose creative concerns legal ones usher band worried parsons contributions dominating record vocals attempt increase presence album album final running order parsons featured lead vocalist songs mind life prison wind new album completed flew england appearance charity concert royal albert hall july following concert prior tour south_africa parsons quit grounds want perform racially segregated country end south_africa doubted sincerity parsons gesture believing singer fact left band order remain england keith richards rolling_stones recently befriended parsons stayed richards house west sussex immediately leaving pair developed close friendship years leaving parsons produce influential commercially unsuccessful body work solo artist band flying brothers featured chris died september age following accidental alcohol room tree inn parsons gone band tour south_africa begin days time forced draft substitute rhythm guitar player ensuing south african tour disaster band finding having play segregated audiences assured promoters rehearsed band gave performances audiences largely unimpressed lack antagonistic anti stance left south_africa amid storm bad publicity death threats liberal press attacked band undertaking tour questioned political integrity attempted counter criticism asserting tour south_africa small way attempt challenge country political status quo protest returning california released sweetheart album august weeks parsons left band comprised mixture country music standards contemporary country material country reworking william bell soul hit don miss water album included parsons originals wind years bob_dylan penned songs delivered ain moderately successful single country rock album sweetheart album widely labeled country rock released internationally successful rock act pre dating nashville skyline months country rock album overall cited parsons earlier safe home recorded group international submarine band unfortunately stylistic shift away country rock sweetheart represented served following time hostility ultra conservative nashville country music establishment result album peaked number charts commercially successful album date initial release today considered seminal highly influential album serving blueprint entire 1970s country rock movement outlaw country scene alternative country genre 1990s early 21st century white era parsons departure decided recruit noted session guitarist white time member band late july white contributed guitar playing album younger yesterday brought suggestion handle band older rock repertoire newer country oriented material shortly induction band white began express dissatisfaction drummer kevin soon persuaded replace gene parsons relation white previously played country rock band nashville west white parsons line month quit join parsons forming flying brothers increasingly south african frustrated business manager larry group finances things came head september following band performance rose bowl stadium came blows backstage fit rage threw bass disgust walked group following exit successful career solo artist bands flying brothers band desert rose band remains active releasing albums touring desert rose band member original band member left elected hire bassist john york replacement york previously member sir douglas worked session musician johnny rivers october new line entered columbia studios hollywood begin recording album producer bob sessions saw band new country rock sound psychedelic oriented material giving resulting album stylistic split personality alluded title wake recent changes band personnel decided confusing fans group hear unfamiliar voices white parsons york coming forward stage relegated backing vocals album result unique catalogue sings lead track album released march generally positive reviews america lowest charting album career peaking number billboard album charts album fared better attracted glowing reviews reached number number tracks including instrumental nashville west traditional song old blue featured sound parsons white designed known invention allowed white duplicate sound pedal steel guitar distinctive sound characteristic music white tenure following release band issued version lay lady lay single failed reverse group commercial fortunes reaching number producer bob took female choir record group aware single issued leaving saw embarrassing addition result band enlisted terry produced band albums produce happy accept band invitation insisted manage group avoid repeat conflict experienced jim prior release studio album band producer usher managed acquire number demo recordings dating group rehearsal sessions world pacific studios recordings subsequently issued album usher records imprint july material years old time release album actually managed america garnering moderately enthusiastic reviews peaking number billboard album chart june august worked complete ballad easy rider album musically album consolidated streamlined band country rock sound consisting cover versions traditional material self penned original songs single released album title track issued october america reaching number billboard hot chart composed primarily input bob_dylan credited ballad easy rider written theme tune film easy rider recording song appear film instead acoustic version credited song wasn born follow notorious brothers album featured easy rider included easy rider soundtrack album august association film heightened public profile ballad easy rider album released november peaked number number band highest charting album years america second single taken album jesus released december managed reach number despite lack commercial success brothers later hit version jesus features arrangement heavily influenced recording prior release ballad easy rider underwent change personnel bassist john york asked leave band september york role voiced reluctance perform material written recorded group joined rest band begun doubt commitment consensus reached members york fired replaced suggestion parsons white skip freelance session musician time member duo skip flip recruitment marked personnel change group years result white parsons line stable longest lived configuration day post sweetheart version band featuring white dual lead guitar work toured regarded critics audiences accomplished concert previous configuration result decided early time right group issue live album felt band sufficient new compositions warrant recording new studio album suggested producer terry band release double album featuring concert recordings new studio material help editing live recordings band manager jim fired group june invited camp time business manager eddie returned group employ replacement larry quit management business relocated big sur record untitled album released september positive reviews strong sales critics fans album return form band peaking number billboard chart number album success continued upward trend band commercial fortunes popularity begun release ballad easy rider album live half untitled included new material new renditions previous hit singles including man want rock roll star minute version miles high comprised original release band biographer johnny noted inclusion newly recorded live versions older songs served forge spiritual musical link current line original mid-1960s incarnation band studio recordings featured untitled consisted newly written self penned material including number songs composed broadway theatre levy planned country rock musical titled gene pair developing plans musical fallen result decided record material originally intended production gene songs included untitled chestnut mare originally written scene musical eponymous hero attempts catch wild horse song album issued single october managed climb number billboard chart nonetheless song went staple radio programming america 1970s chestnut mare better released single january reaching number singles chart giving hit cover bob_dylan want peaked number september returned recording studio sporadically october early march order complete follow untitled released june unfortunately pace band touring schedule time meant fully prepared sessions result material recorded developed following completion album recording sessions headed tour leaving engineer chris finish mixing album absence elected bring arranger paul assist strings horns gospel choir songs allegedly band consent drummer gene parsons recalled interview band heard additions campaigned album remixed orchestration removed columbia_records refused citing budget restrictions record duly pressed released prior release album undertook sell tour england europe included performance royal albert hall london released time live royal albert hall british european press unanimous praise live performances tour reinforcing reputation formidable live act period course tour band chose expand ranks joining group stage provide additional percussion unofficial member continue sit live performances august decided leave group employ album released june received poorly critics undermine new found popularity enjoyed release ballad easy rider response album american music press particularly scathing review august edition rolling_stone_magazine describing boring dead group dismissing entire album consensus reviewers hampered inappropriate orchestration album totally signature sound band publicly critical album release gene parsons referring later stated felt band performances studio making lackluster employed orchestration order cover album musical shortcomings regardless time album release resigned manager producer despite band dissatisfaction finished product poor critical reception respectable showing charts peaking number album failed sell sufficient quantities reach charts author christopher noted years release arguably liked album catalogue group fanbase moved quickly record self produced follow attempt stem criticism album receiving music press reaction dislike johnny speculated decision produce album attempt band prove better job previous record england appearance lincoln folk festival cbs studios london engineer mike ross july recorded album worth new material october cbs records issued greatest_hits volume capitalize group recent appearance lincoln folk festival reaction chart failure suffered unfortunately compilation album failed reach charts contemporary reviews note misleading inaccurate title tracks chestnut mare genuine hit united_kingdom equivalent compilation wasn released november best greatest_hits volume issued november months release issued eleventh studio album farther album met slightly enthusiastic reviews predecessor managed climb number billboard chart failing reach charts united_kingdom altogether musically album found beginning away country rock sound half album bore strong country influence instead embrace style 1950s rock roll music skip kim penned song america great national taken album released single late november failed chart atlantic johnny concluded ultimately planned recorded farther resulted album flawed result failed band ailing commercial fortunes increase declining audience album title track sung white rest group later poignant guitarist sung parsons eagles white funeral july following release farther continued tour new album single release forthcoming july year gene parsons fired group number reasons including growing dissatisfaction drumming disagreements having band members pay discontent band lack morale period parsons quickly replaced session drummer john remained january decided return studio work participated recording sessions band appeared stage september official member instead received standard session musician wage continuing undertake work artists demand studio player officially released recordings exist white line live versions man roll recorded soundtrack earl film studio recording bag money included bonus track remastered reissue farther following departure temporarily replaced live performances session drummer dennis dragon band underwent personnel change following february new_york skip dismissed decided bassist playing abilities longer sufficient standard turned chris time member band asked step replacement upcoming shows february agreed play concerts sum brought drummer joe fill vacant spot drum kit following rehearsed performance capitol theatre new_jersey february cancelled band remaining concert commitments disbanded touring version order way reunion original piece line band months later guitarist white killed drunk driver july loaded guitar equipment van concert appearance california reunion original members reunited briefly late undertaking selected concerts columbia_records version group discussions reunion roger gene clark david chris michael clarke taken place early july time current line band recording farther album plans reunion accelerated founder asylum records david offered original band members sizable money reform record album label reunion actually took place early october beginning rehearsal house group began selecting suitable material new album original booked studios los_angeles october november recording album seven years following completion album recording sessions persuaded dissolve columbia version touring time long vocal displeasure decision recruit new band members following dismissal group stated number interviews opinion keeping new spirit reconciliation reunion fostered permanently disbanded columbia line group february reunion album titled simply released march mixed reviews result planned tour support album failed album shortcomings critics note lack sonic unity absence signature guitar sound nonetheless album managed climb number billboard tapes chart number united_states album band highest charting new material turn turn turn album feature gene clark member tracks included album folk flavored sweet mary mitchell cover free recording song laughing originally appeared solo album remember pair young songs album featured gene clark compositions changing heart circle provided reunion album working title subsequently released single failed chart negative critical reception received music press resulted band losing faith idea ongoing series years following release band members openly critical album general consensus material included weak recording sessions rushed ill thought addition suggested exception gene clark songwriting members band reluctant bring strongest compositions recording sessions preferring instead hold songs solo projects wake reunion original quietly returned careers june release titled solo album serving effectively mark end following reunion remained disbanded rest decade roger turned attention establishing career releasing series solo albums making high profile appearance bob_dylan rolling thunder revue chris worked band following reunion released pair solo albums entitled away clear respectively david returned nash young tour subsequently continued produce albums graham nash took reunion nash saw group release multi platinum selling album michael clarke found success following reunion drummer soft rock group gene clark returned solo career producing critically acclaimed commercially unsuccessful albums sides story addition clark worked trio modeled nash young lesser extent eagles reasonably successful commercially managed score hit single don write march trio toured internationally recorded albums clark city clark departed group late resulting final album billed gene clark approached attempt reform time 20th anniversary release man single original members interested venture clark instead assembled group musicians friends including roberts richard michael clarke john york banner 20th anniversary tribute began performing lucrative nostalgia circuit early number concert promoters began band advertisements promotional material band continued tour eventually decided prompting tribute group interviews act cheap tour wound late clark returned solo career leaving michael clarke soldier band billed tribute shortened promoters gene clark returned group following release rebellious lover album tribute band continued work author johnny noted die hard fans existence version group expert tim commented chapter history caused controversy fans june appeared concert celebrating reopening ash grove folk club los_angeles billed solo artists musicians come stage reunion performing string hits including man miles high clark clarke tribute group inactive time high profile michael clarke mount tribute tour shortly time featuring skip newcomers terry jones rogers jerry banner featuring michael clarke addition drummer sought trademark use retaliation clarke trademark application submitted counter claim gain ownership band actually attempted trademark 1970s order prevent application turned strengthen case musicians announced december performing series concerts january longer connected clarke tribute act gene clark invited participate official reunion concerts ill feeling stemming earlier 20th anniversary tribute reunion concerts success michael clarke continuing tour tribute filed lawsuit drummer spring allegedly false advertising unfair competition trade practices seeking preliminary injunction clarke use court hearing judge denied injunction ruling failed damaged clarke actions result clarke gained legal ownership wake ruling dropped lawsuit demonstrate wholly surrendered clarke musicians appeared banner original roy tribute concert february joined stage bob_dylan rendition man later year entered treasure isle nashville record new tracks inclusion forthcoming box set january original members aside differences appear hotel new_york_city induction rock roll hall_of_fame ceremony honored original line roger gene clark david chris michael clarke later configurations group featuring key personnel parsons white quietly passed occasion saw band come stage perform songs turn turn turn season man feel lot better represented time original stood unfortunately represent time original members gathered clark died later year heart failure december clarke succumbed liver disease brought alcoholism following clarke death terry jones rogers resurrected tribute act guitarist scott skip gene parsons bass drums respectively performing banner celebration tribute group toured extensively remainder 1990s parsons replaced session drummer forced retire ill health rogers continued tour band younger yesterday tribute bassist michael curtis drummer tim returned individual solo careers following rock roll hall_of_fame ceremony reunite time august impromptu performance tribute concert fred owner los_angeles music equipment store suffering throat cancer booked appear event separately listed bill surprise appearance joined partners stage introduced hastily reformed trio words ladies gentlemen group launched renditions man turn turn turn season according contemporary press reports reunion success audience giving band multiple standing shouting left stage 2000s members died drummer kevin succumbed natural causes bassist skip suffering disease died home members gene parsons john york remain active continue perform record musical projects surprising development story 2000s acquisition david rights band ownership reverted clarke estate death purchase served effectively bring convoluted battle control group end date fred tribute concert appearance represents time performed expressed interest working future projects lead guitarist head remains adamant interested reunion interview music journalist john replied absolutely asked plans revive explaining don want want solo artist documented don think need anymore legacy band 1960s influence successive generations rock pop musicians grown steadily acts eagles big star tom petty alternative rock bands post punk era exhibiting signs influence musician author peter described bands exert decisive influence beatles noting helped persuade bob_dylan begin recording electric instrumentation concluded like terms like folk rock rock country rock coined reason kept moving staying country mode long precisely rewarding band follow record book great rock discography music researcher martin strong describes cover man timeless slice hypnotic pop record change course pop rock history author musician bob stanley writing book yeah yeah yeah story modern pop called music phenomenon genuinely hair raising totally american book riot sunset strip rock roll stand 60s hollywood music historian attempts sum band influence noting contemporaries claim subversive impact popular culture band larger positive impact world large billboard chart position album sales concert attendance figure possibly measure rolling_stone_magazine ranked number list greatest artists time members original members roger lead guitar synthesizer vocals gene clark rhythm guitar harmonica vocals david rhythm guitar vocals michael clarke drums chris bass guitar rhythm guitar vocals subsequent members kevin drums parsons rhythm guitar piano organ vocals white lead guitar vocals gene parsons drums harmonica pedal steel guitar rhythm guitar vocals john york bass guitar vocals skip bass guitar piano vocals membership timeline discography man turn turn turn fifth dimension younger yesterday notorious brothers sweetheart ballad easy rider untitled farther


keith moon keith john moon august september english drummer played english rock band noted unique style eccentric self destructive behaviour drumming continues praised critics musicians posthumously inducted modern drummer hall_of_fame second rock drummer chosen moon voted second greatest drummer history rolling_stone readers poll moon grew suburb northwest london took drums early 1960s playing local band joined recorded single moon remained band rise fame quickly recognised drumming style emphasised tom crashes drum fills occasionally collaborated musicians later appeared films considered playing primary occupation remained member band death addition talent drummer moon developed reputation smashing kit stage destroying hotel rooms tour fascinated blowing toilets cherry bombs dynamite destroying television sets moon enjoyed touring bored restless inactive 21st birthday party flint michigan cited notorious example behaviour rock groups moon suffered number setbacks 1970s notably accidental death breakdown marriage addicted alcohol particularly champagne acquired reputation dark humour nickname moon moving los_angeles personal assistant peter butler mid-1970s moon recorded solo album poorly received sides moon touring occasions passed stage hospitalised final tour particularly production kids drummer deterioration evident moon moved london dying september year drug intended treat prevent symptoms alcohol withdrawal early life keith john moon born alfred charles kit moon august central middlesex hospital northwest london grew boy restless imagination particular fondness music moon attended secondary modern school failing plus exam attending grammar school art teacher said report respects music teacher wrote moon great ability guard tendency moon joined local sea cadet corps band age found instrument difficult learn decided drums instead interested practical jokes home science kits particular fondness explosions way home school moon music studio road drums learning basic skills instrument left school age fourteen easter moon enrolled technical college led job radio enabling buy drum kit career early years moon took lessons contemporary screaming lord little shillings lesson moon early style influenced jazz american surf music rhythm blues exemplified noted los_angeles studio drummer favourite musicians jazz artists particularly gene flamboyant style subsequently copied moon admired elvis_presley original drummer shadows original drummer tony pretty things prince enjoyed singing particular interest moon beach boys roger later said given opportunity moon left play california band peak fame time moon joined band escorts replacing best friend evans december joined semi professional london cover band playing hits groups shadows time group moon incorporated theatrical tricks act including shooting group lead singer starter pistol day jobs moon worked sales department british interest turning professional april age seventeen auditioned replacement continued local cover band departure commonly cited story moon joined appeared shortly departure session drummer dressed clothes hair dyed future pete later described vision claimed play better played set second half nearly drum kit process words drummer said ahead got guy drums road runner drinks courage got onstage went drums broke bass drum pedal skins got figured scared death sitting bar pete came said come said mild yes yes roger spokesman said monday said working day selling plaster said work gig monday want come pick van said right moon later claimed formally invited join permanently asked joined band said filling years moon arrival changed dynamics group generally feuded moon temperament group members frequently conflict fight regularly remembered moon later years john fights wasn emotional spur moment thing moon clashed absolutely common apart music said later interview described completely different person met pair early years enjoyed practical jokes improvised comedy moon drumming style affected band musical structure initially found moon lack conventional problematic created original sound moon particularly fond touring chance regularly generally restless bored playing live later carried aspects life acted according journalist biographer dave marsh life long tour antics earned nickname moon musical contributions moon style drumming considered unique found unconventional playing frustrating noted tended play faster slower according mood wouldn play kit later added play sets tom arms forward like said moon drum rolls places people thought putting biographer john wrote group early test sessions records understood important moon contribution contemporary critics questioned ability time biographer tony suggesting timing tommy place producer jon said didn think keeping time early recordings moon drumming sound recording nonsense production techniques need time synthesizer track began developing discipline studio considers drumming album best moon career unlike contemporary rock baker john moon hated drum solos refused play concert madison square garden june decided spontaneously stop playing wasp man listen moon drum solo moon continued briefly stopped shouting drum solos boring guest appearance led concert joining john dick drum solo concert especially gifted vocalist moon enthusiastic singing wanted sing lead rest group members handled lion share onstage vocals moon attempt sing backup particularly explain provided humorous commentary song announcements sound engineer bob preferred mute vocal microphone mixing desk possible moon making laugh microphone led studio vocals recorded led game moon sneak join singing end happy jack heard saying saw moon tries sneak studio drummer interest surf music desire sing lead spawned lead vocals early tracks including bucket barbara ann ready steady high backing vocals songs pictures lily moon performance bell boy saw abandon vocal performances sing character gave words licence live reputation drunk exactly kind performance needed bring earth moon composed need sang instrumental strange album quick single sides city written girl eyes sell sessions featured thirty years maximum release sell dogs tommy holiday camp moon composed instrumental debut album generation keyboardist setting tommy holiday camp tommy credited moon song primarily written moon sings album version demo drummer produced violin solo riley moon sat east suggested dave play track equipment moon played piece drum kit early career set consisted drums feeling limited setup inspired baker double bass drum switched larger premier kit setup hat moon crash ride instead remained loyal customer premier moon classic red premier setup consisted inch bass drums inch mounted inch floor inch snare consisted giant beat inch crashes inch ride kit performance pop festival moon pictures lily drum kit named artwork inch bass drums inch floor mounted recognition loyalty company premier reissued kit spirit lily moon begun use included setup rest career premier marketing manager eddie began consulting moon specific requirements point moon asked premier white kit gold fittings said expensive moon replied dear boy exactly feel way want kit eventually fitted copper fittings later given young destroying instruments stunts early railway tavern smashed guitar accidentally breaking audience demanded moon kicked drum kit subsequent live sets culminated band later described auto destructive art band members particularly moon destroyed equipment moon developed habit kicking drums claiming audience indifference later said set skins bang bang bang kick thing moon discovered beach boys bruce visiting london pair days moon brought set ready steady late evening finale generation altercation broke stage moon reported page new musical express following week moon left week moon hoping join animals nashville teens changed minds returned early package tour theatre new_york march april moon performed shows day kicking drum kit later year appearance brothers comedy hour load gunpowder bass drums times standard finale generation kicked drum set charge intensity explosion hair embedded piece moon arm clip incident opening scene film kids moon known kicking drum kit claimed carefully kit rarely needed repairs stands foot frequently replaced drummer like knife butter work music moon generally said interested working participated outside musical projects worked guitarist jeff pianist future led members jimmy page john paul jones instrumental silver lining appeared album truth moon played track cover man river credited album know moon inspired led briefly considered leaving spoke page forming moon remarked particular suggestion gone like lead play lead balloon formed page remembered phrase later adapted new band beatles friends moon leading occasional collaborations contributed backing vocals need love december moon joined john_lennon plastic band live performance theatre london charity concert performance released companion disc album time new_york_city moon friendship led appearance smash head wall solo album member moon play drums album jerry moon providing percussion rolling_stone john appreciated decision let moon drum saying distanced album familiar sound moon involved solo work moved los_angeles mid-1970s track records released moon solo single covering beach boys don worry baby teenage idol year released solo album entitled sides moon featured moon vocals played drums tracks drumming left including session musicians smith jim actor musician album received poorly critics nme roy wrote didn talent wouldn care accept sides moon dave marsh reviewing album rolling_stone wrote isn legitimate reason album existence televised solo drum performances abc wide world moon played minute drum solo dressed cat transparent drums filled water asked audience member happen kit joked best hungry performance appreciated animal lovers called station complaints film documentary film amazing journey story moon talent dressing variety characters remembered dream getting music hollywood film actor think moon patience work ethic required professional actor manager bill agreed moon wasn disciplined actually turn commit stuff drummer landed acting roles cameo frank nun afraid dying drug took days film fellow cast member howard remembers moon spending camera time garden hotel bar instead sleeping moon film role drummer fictional stray cats holiday camp early days british rock roll day reprised role film sequel played uncle russell film adaptation tommy moon film appearance alice cooper film star west destructive behaviour moon led destructive lifestyle early days began taking new musical express interview said favourite food french blues spent share band income quickly regular london clubs bag nails combination pills alcohol escalated alcoholism drug addiction later life went stages everybody goes bloody drug corridor later reflected drinking suited group lot better according moon began destroying hotel rooms stayed berlin tour late addition hotel rooms moon destroyed friends homes throwing furniture upper storey windows setting fire buildings andrew matthew kent estimated destruction hotel toilets cost acts drugs alcohol moon way demonstrating enjoyed shocking public longtime friend personal assistant butler observed trying people laugh funny wanted people love enjoy far like train ride couldn stop way airport moon insisted return hotel saying forgot hotel ran room grabbed television threw window swimming pool jumped saying nearly forgot argues lengthy break end european tour beginning sessions devastated moon health lengthy shows regular touring previously kept shape hard lifestyle took greater toll body drum kit practice began deteriorate physically result lifestyle time severe alcoholic starting day drinks changing presented drunk david recalled drinking went joke problem day social drinking time came round hard drinking exploding toilets moon favourite stunt flush powerful explosives toilets according moon toilet began purchased case cherry bombs moved cherry bombs fireworks sticks dynamite explosive choice flying air unforgettable moon remembered realised dynamite powerful penny quickly developed reputation destroying blowing toilets destruction enhanced public image rock premier hell tony wrote toilet hotel changing room safe moon exhausted supply explosives pete walked bathroom moon hotel room noticed toilet disappeared bend remaining drummer explained cherry bomb explode thrown showed case cherry bombs course moment guitarist remembered got thrown hotel stayed recalled close moon tour suppose kind shared room road got good consequently involved blowing toilets los_angeles_times interview admitted lot times keith blowing toilets standing matches alabama moon loaded toilet cherry bombs denied room service according toilet dust walls time checked management brought gig said don come hotel manager called moon room asked lower volume cassette recorder noise response drummer asked room bathroom lit stick dynamite toilet shut bathroom door returning asked manager stay moment wanted explain following explosion moon turned recorder said dear boy noise flint holiday inn incident august tour opening moon celebrated said 21st birthday thought time 20th holiday inn flint michigan later said decided publicised fact 21st birthday able drink drummer immediately began drinking arrival flint spent afternoon visiting local radio stations nancy lewis band publicist moon posed photo outside hotel happy birthday keith sign hotel management according lewis moon drunk time band went onstage high school football stadium returning hotel moon started food fight soon cake began flying air drummer knocked tooth hospital doctors removing remainder tooth hotel erupted fire set guests objects thrown swimming pool piano reportedly destroyed chaos ended police arrived guns drawn furious holiday inn management presented groups bill reportedly settled tour manager claimed banned life hotel properties wrote stayed holiday inn rochester new_york week later disputed widely held belief moon drove lincoln continental hotel swimming pool claimed drummer rolling_stone interview passing stage moon lifestyle began undermine health reliability tour debut date cow palace city california moon mixture concert moon passed drum kit won band stopped playing group carried moon gave shower injection sending onstage thirty minute delay moon passed magic bus removed stage band continued songs asked play drums mean somebody good drummer audience came played rest opening date band march tour boston garden moon passed drum kit numbers rescheduled evening moon systematically destroyed hotel room cut passed discovered manager bill took hospital telling gon doctor nice fit days want break fucking jaw band times having doctors told intervened moon death marsh suggested point seriously considered firing moon decided life worse band recording moon gained considerable weight said moon reached live peak end tour miami august drummer treated hollywood memorial hospital days group concerned unable complete leg tour ended maple leaf gardens toronto october moon public time invitation december kids moon visibly overweight difficulty sustaining solid performance recording refused follow album tour moon stopped drinking said moon playing improve fired later denied threatening fire said time drummer control financial problems early stage act relied smashing instruments owing moon enthusiasm damaging hotels group debt 1960s estimated lost group relatively financially stable tommy moon continued rack debts bought number cars bankruptcy moon money reduced profit group tour personal life relationships release tony dear boy life keith moon moon date birth presumed august erroneous date appeared reliable sources including authorised biography old story incorrect date supplied moon interviews corrected kim moon relationship kim started dating january saw play disc end year discovered pregnant parents furious met discuss options moved moon family home married march registry office daughter born july marriage child kept secret press moon occasionally violent kim went later said talked lose home start fight loved touring fondness practical jokes relationship uneasy young idea father kim said child moon owned home initially lived wife daughter entertained home owned number cars jack working track records label recalls moon ordering purchase milk float store garage kim convinced moderate keith behaviour left husband took sued divorce later married faces keyboard player marsh believes moon truly recovered loss family butler agrees despite relationship walter believes kim woman moon loved commented moon couldn handle moon harass phone calls occasion kim sued divorce invited drink richmond pub sent break home road look kim forcing hide walk closet died car accident austin texas august walter moon began relationship swedish model walter later said moon sweet sober living hope kick neighbour larry check moon clinic dry attempted doctors recorded moon chemical intake breakfast bottle champagne concluded hope rehabilitation friends moon enjoyed life party bill remembered wouldn walk room listen attention early career moon got know beatles join clubs forming particularly close friendship moon later friends dog band members legs larry smith trio drink play practical jokes smith remembers occasion moon tore apart pair trousers accomplice later looking legged trousers early 1970s moon helped radio flashes radio bbc_radio_1 filling john end radio flashes subsequently moon filled john touch moon series programmes produced john guitarist joe enjoyed moon interview guitar world magazine recalled drummer taught break things moon struck friendship actor oliver reed working film version tommy reed matched moon drink drink appeared set morning ready perform moon hand cost hours filming time reed later said moon showed way insanity butler peter butler began working moon personal assistant following year help stay trouble remembers managers kit chris stamp saying trust keith want time holiday sort rest let know pay butler took offer followed moon drummer relocated los_angeles felt drug culture prevalent time bad moon job eyes head agreed saying butler influence whatsoever loyal companion moon lifestyle eventually saying needed england die butler quit later wrote experiences book entitled moon amazing rock roll life keith moon january moon accidentally killed friend driver bodyguard outside red lion pub pub patrons begun attack moon drunk began driving escape hit investigation ruled death accident moon received absolute discharge charged number offences close moon said haunted death rest life according des moon incident said right alive death moon moved flat place later square shepherd market london renting harry died years earlier age concerned letting flat moon believing cursed disagreed assuring lightning wouldn strike place twice moving moon began prescribed course alleviate alcohol withdrawal symptoms wanted sober fear psychiatric hospitals wanted home discouraged addictive potential tendency induce tolerance risk death mixed alcohol pills prescribed physician unaware moon lifestyle prescribed bottle pills instructing felt alcohol pills day september moon having difficulty playing drums according dave seeing moon studio trying drums kids said hours got sluggish barely hold drum stick september moon walter guests paul preview film buddy holly story dining park garden moon walter returned flat watched film asked walter cook eggs objected moon replied don like fuck words moon took walter checked following afternoon discovered dead flat looking moon gave news told informed rest band giving interview french journalists interrupted phone news moon death trying quickly end interview broke journalist asked future plans moon death came shortly release album cover chair hide weight gain words taken away chair police determined pills moon system sufficient cause death died max authority alcoholism wrote sunday_times moon given drug moon cremated september green london ashes scattered gardens remembrance convinced carry touring later said means moon death completely bordering insane allmusic bruce said keith moon died carried far competent reliable musically wasn sold rock records november faces drummer jones joined later said jones british fill keith shoes enthusiastic saying jones wasn right style keyboardist john rabbit rehearsed moon earlier year joined live band unofficial member jones left drummer simon phillips praised moon ability drum backing track riley toured band following year drummer son given drum kit moon called uncle keith london summer olympic committee contacted moon performing games years death interview times saying keith resides green having lived line hope die old round table glasses candles contact legacy moon drumming praised critics author nick described greatest drummer rock adding drums guitar holly george warren editor author rock roll hall_of_fame years said death keith moon rock arguably lost single greatest drummer according moon life excessive drinking probably represented youthful rock roll self destructive better planet new book rock lists ranked moon list greatest rock roll ranked rolling_stone best time readers poll magazine ranked list greatest time john adam editor drummer magazine said moon performances represent perfect balance technique passion drummer touched unique slant rock rhythm rock including dave cited moon influence jam paid homage moon second single album tube station midnight single cover sad cover record photo moon face jam single released month moon death animal jim characters based keith moon similar hair personality drumming style god beautiful heart told sounds month drummer death people talking keith moon die man remember keith moon remember joe got killed car crash dead didn talk said early cared keith moon favourite drum lessons minutes sit play favourite record bring generation end song drums nuts generation turning point charlie type thing tony published biography moon dear boy life keith moon united_kingdom phrase dear boy moon influenced kit began affecting english accent book released moon life death rock legend magazine called book horrific terrific reading record collector said rock great biographies english_heritage declined application moon awarded blue plaque speaking guardian christopher said decided bad behaviour substances wasn sufficient qualification heritage foundation disagreed decision presenting plaque unveiled march robin moon mother kit present ceremony discography solo albums sides moon

Performers, groups, composers, and other music-related people


weather weather instruments collect weather ocean data world oceans aid emergency response chemical legal proceedings engineering design moored use drifting moored connected ocean chains decline weather ship taken primary role measuring conditions open seas 1970s 1980s 1990s network central eastern tropical pacific_ocean helped study southern moored weather range metres metres diameter drifting smaller centimetres centimetres drifting dominant form weather sheer number located worldwide wind data smaller error ships differences values sea surface temperature measurements platforms relating depth measurement water heated ship measures quantity history known proposal surface weather observations sea occurred connection aviation august stated weather stations ocean coupled development seaplane equally long range result regular ocean flights years starting united_states_coast_guard vessels weather ships protect air commerce world war german_navy deployed weather fixed positions north_atlantic sea launched boats maximum depth ocean metres limited length anchor cable overall height body metres submerged mast aerial metres data air water temperature atmospheric pressure relative humidity transmitted times day batteries high voltage dry cells iron power raise lower aerial mast exhausted weeks unit self navy meteorological automatic device metre hull originally designed 1940s united_states_navy offshore data collection program total built deployed sea 1970s weather use superseded role weather ships design cheaper operate maintain earliest reported use drifting study behavior ocean currents sea drifting increasingly drifting earth oceans extensive array moored drifting deployed pacific_ocean designed help monitor predict phenomenon hurricane katrina capsized time history national data center august june drifting ended long term data collection sea surface temperature years months days longest known data collection time drifting weather southern ocean deployed integrated marine observing system march instrumentation weather like types weather stations measure parameters air temperature ocean surface wind speed steady barometric pressure wind direction lie oceans lakes measure water temperature wave height dominant wave period raw data processed logged board transmitted radio cellular satellite communications meteorological centers use weather climate study moored drifting drifting open ocean currents fixed measure water temperature depth metres different drifting exist world vary design location reliable temperature sensors varies measurements satellites automated immediate data distribution use source meteorological data data research programs emergency response chemical legal proceedings engineering design moored weather act navigational aid like types types weather range diameter metres metres placed shallow waters smaller size moored chains deeper waters use combination chains direct navigational significance moored weather classed special marks scheme coloured yellow display yellow flashing light night round moored deep ocean locations diameter metres metres aluminum metre rugged meteorological ocean platform long term expected service life metre platform excess years properly maintained retired unique moored aluminum environmental monitoring designed deployments extreme conditions near coast great lakes moored atlantic canadian coast commonly experience winter storms maximum wave heights approaching metres gulf maine drifting smaller moored counterparts measuring centimetres centimetres diameter plastic tend colored white half color half float black blue measures smaller meteorological compared moored counterpart measuring pressure tube metallic base underwater sea anchor located metres ocean surface connected long thin deployment maintenance large network coastal near united_states maintained national data center deployment maintenance performed united_states_coast_guard south_africa south african weather service meteorological service new_zealand performs task country environment canada operates country met office great_britain drifting northern southern atlantic oceans comparison data ships wind reports moored smaller error ships comparison measurements report winds height metres ships report winds height metres metres sea surface temperature measured intake port large ships warm bias heat engine room bias led changes perception global warming fixed measure water temperature depth metres


national_hurricane_center national_hurricane_center nhc located florida international university university park unincorporated miami county florida division united_states national_weather_service responsible tracking predicting weather systems tropics prime west 30th parallel north northeast pacific_ocean 31st parallel north northern atlantic_ocean tropical analysis forecast branch routinely issues marine forecasts form graphics high seas forecasts area year round ocean prediction center having backup responsibility unit technology science branch provides technical support center includes new technology abroad chief aerial reconnaissance coordination hurricanes unit tasks planes research operational purposes tropical cyclones atlantic hurricane season significant weather events including snow storms winter spring research conducted improve operational forecasts hurricane forecast improvement project joint hurricane test bed initiatives atlantic northeast pacific hurricane seasons hurricane specialists unit issues routine tropical weather northeast pacific northern atlantic oceans tropical storm hurricane conditions expected hours center issues appropriate watches warnings news media national oceanic atmospheric administration weather radio nhc agency united_states world meteorological organization designated regional specialized meteorological center north_atlantic eastern pacific making central tropical cyclone forecasts observations occurring areas center loses power manner central pacific hurricane center backs tropical cyclone advisories tropical weather northeast pacific_ocean weather prediction center backs tropical cyclone advisories tropical weather north_atlantic ocean history hurricane warning service set 1870s cuba work father passing hurricane warning services assumed united_states signal united_states weather_bureau decade based jamaica cuba shifting washington central office washington evolved national meteorological center weather prediction center formally known prediction center assumed hurricane warning advisory responsibility time responsibility passed regional hurricane offices concept atlantic hurricane season established order tropical cyclones certain times year hurricane advisories issued hours regional hurricane offices began time jacksonville hurricane warning office moved miami florida tropical cyclone naming began atlantic tropical cyclones joint army navy alphabet starting miami hurricane warning office began prepare annual hurricane season summary articles atlantic season united_states weather_bureau began naming storms reach tropical storm intensity human names national hurricane research project begun 1950s aircraft study tropical cyclones carry experiments mature hurricanes project july national hurricane information center established miami florida warehouse hurricane related information united_states weather_bureau office miami hurricane warning office moved hotel aviation building miles northwest july forecasts hurricane advisories issued day future extended days future days future days future miami moved campus university miami referred nhc miami tropical cyclone reports regularly took modern format beginning national meteorological center duties renamed prediction center renamed second time gained advisory responsibility tracking inland tropical depressions world meteorological organization assumed control atlantic hurricane naming list nhc offices moved campus university miami highway financial building male names added hurricane list beginning season hurricane warning offices remained active past nhc separated miami weather service forecast office meant charge miami longer position hurricane center director nhc gained responsibility eastern pacific tropical cyclones eastern pacific hurricane center san_francisco decommissioned hurricane andrew blew weather radar roof nhc miami state weather forecast offices radar replaced system april installed near metro zoo near hurricane andrew landfall nhc moved new hurricane resistant facility campus florida international university capable mph winds changed tropical prediction center change hurricane specialists grouped separate nhc unit tropical prediction center separating tropical analysis forecast branch october tropical prediction center renamed nhc group known nhc known hurricane specialists unit tropical cyclone statistical methods based tropical cyclone methods numerical weather prediction computers use mathematical motion determine movement world meteorological organization continues create maintain annual hurricane naming lists naming lists continue use year rotation deadliest notable storms having names retired rotation current director national_hurricane_center richard list directors organization fiscal year budget nhc million total people work nhc staff composing management nhc national centers compose national centers environmental prediction hurricane specialists unit known nhc hurricane specialists hurricane specialists unit chief predict actions tropical storms specialists work rotating hour shifts november monitoring weather patterns atlantic eastern pacific oceans tropical subtropical cyclone forms begin issue advisories hours storm runs course public advisories issued storm expected tropical storm hurricane intensity threatens land specialists coordinate officials country likely affected forecast recommend watches warnings hurricane season routinely issues tropical weather outlook product identifies areas concern tropics develop tropical cyclones systems occur outside defined hurricane season special tropical weather issued backup responsibility northeast pacific area resides central pacific hurricane center vice versa communication issues north_atlantic responsibilities backed weather prediction center routine coordination occurs utc day weather prediction center national_hurricane_center identify systems pressure maps seven days future tropics points existing tropical cyclones seven days future outside hurricane season specialists concentrate public education efforts tropical analysis forecast branch tropical analysis forecast branch tropical satellite analysis forecast unit tropical analysis center national_hurricane_center created responsible high seas analyses forecasts tropical portions atlantic pacific prime west 30th parallel north northeast pacific_ocean 31st parallel north northern atlantic_ocean unlike hurricane specialists unit staffed time year responsibilities include satellite derived tropical cyclone position intensity estimates radar tropical cyclones tropical cyclone forecast support media support general operational support ocean prediction center backs event communications vice versa technology science branch technology science branch develops transitions new tools techniques operations tropical weather prediction conjunction government academic entities created continues development automated tropical cyclone system incorporate data model create update generate tropical cyclone forecasts provides support nhc computer communications systems including website maintains number statistical models predicting tropical cyclone behavior associated weather conditions storm surge unit develops maintains software forecast storm surge tropical cyclones branch techniques development applications unit chief aerial reconnaissance coordination hurricanes weather reconnaissance squadron hurricane_hunters mission provide point contact coordinate tropical cyclone operational reconnaissance requirements nhc central pacific hurricane center north_atlantic caribbean gulf_of_mexico north pacific basin east international date line accordance national hurricane operations plan winter coordinates atlantic pacific winter storm requirements support national winter storms operations plan missions flown advance high impact weather events forecast affect heavy snowfall times significant uncertainty numerical weather prediction output hurricane liaison team supports hurricane response information exchange nhc national_weather_service emergency management community composed federal state local emergency managers maintain open lines communication progress threat level storm appropriate federal state local officials team establishes video nhc federal agencies state emergency operations centers weather prediction center storm prediction center river forecast centers significant hurricanes president united_states affected city state governors join daily briefing occurs noon eastern daylight time research annual tropical cyclone activity agency issues report tropical cyclone atlantic eastern pacific_ocean basins available respectively report history meteorological statistics casualties damages post analysis best track storm reports formally known preliminary reports agency maintains archives statistics atlantic pacific hurricane history including annual reports tropical cyclone complete set tropical cyclone advisories copies related materials older storms season published monthly weather review official tropical cyclone database programs dedicated improving accuracy tropical cyclone forecasts center joint hurricane joint operation national oceanic atmospheric administration united_states weather research program speed transfer tropical cyclone related research forecast operations annual budget million funded initiatives implemented operationally projects varied success ranging minor significant advances way nhc operates hurricane forecast improvement program year goal lead percent improvement numerical weather prediction models provided national centers environmental prediction nhc percent improvement tropical cyclone track intensity guidance popular culture summer fury novel south florida


storm prediction center storm prediction center government agency national centers environmental prediction operating control national_weather_service turn national oceanic atmospheric administration united_states department commerce headquartered national weather center norman oklahoma storm prediction center tasked risk severe thunderstorms tornadoes united_states issues convective discussions watches process convective issued following days issued separately day day day days detail risk severe thunderstorms tornadoes given forecast period tornado hail wind details available day days use scale determining probability severe weather event percentage categories discussions issued provide information certain individual regions severe weather threat states watch likely details thereof particularly concerning conditions development severe thunderstorms short term situations isolated severe weather watches necessary watches issued forecasters confident severe weather occur usually onset severe weather hour varies depending certain atmospheric conditions accelerate convective development agency responsible fire weather indicating conditions favorable issuing fire weather days detail areas critical extremely critical fire conditions history storm prediction center began severe local storms unit special unit forecasters weather_bureau washington unit moved forecast operations kansas_city missouri began issuing convective predicted thunderstorm activity began issuing radar hour intervals increased duties compiling radar unit national severe storms forecast center remaining headquartered kansas_city national severe storms forecast center began issuing status reports weather watches agency data transmission april agency issued particularly dangerous situation watch indicates imminent threat major severe weather event watches introduced new forecast products day convective outlook include forecasts outlined areas thunderstorm risk following day discussion short term forecast outlining specific areas threat severe thunderstorm development october national severe storms forecast center relocated operations norman oklahoma storm prediction center time guidance center housed max airport university oklahoma airport located building national severe storms laboratory local national_weather_service weather forecast office addition forecasts oversees issuance weather warnings advisories western thirds oklahoma western portions north texas issues outline status updates issued severe thunderstorm tornado watches include areas served norman office center began issuing national fire weather outlook provide forecasts areas potentially susceptible development spread based certain meteorological factors day convective outlook similar format day forecast issued experimental basis official product storm prediction center national severe storms laboratory national_weather_service norman forecast office moved respective operations newly constructed national weather center near airport agency relocation norman weather wing air_force base assume control issuing storm prediction center severe weather products event longer able issue event computer system failure building wide power disruption emergency approaching strong circulation tornado ground affecting norman campus april reassigned responsibilities issuing center products situations 15th operational weather squadron based scott air_force base overview storm prediction center responsible risk severe weather caused severe thunderstorms specifically producing tornadoes hail inch diameter larger winds miles hour greater agency forecasts hazardous winter fire weather conditions primarily issuing convective severe thunderstorm watches tornado watches discussions stage process area time period details severe weather forecast refined broad scale forecast potential hazards specific detailed forecast hazards expected time frame expected occur forecasts increase severity stage process storm prediction center employs total personnel including lead forecasters outlook forecasters seven assistant forecasters forecasters support staff heavily involved scientific research severe hazardous weather involves conducting applied research writing technical papers developing training materials giving presentations locally nationwide attending scientific conferences participating weather experiments convective storm prediction center issues convective consisting forecasts describing general threat severe convective storms united_states hours day day labeled issued day issued times day risks thunder storm light green shaded area rendered brown line prior april indicating risk general thunderstorms marginal darker green shaded area indicating low present risk severe weather slight yellow shaded area previously rendered green line indicating slight risk severe weather enhanced orange shaded area replaced upper end category october moderate red shaded area previously rendered red line indicating moderate risk severe weather high pink shaded area previously rendered line indicating high risk severe weather significant severe areas referred hatched areas representation outlook maps refer threat increased storm intensity significant severe levels stronger tornado inches larger hail miles hour winds greater april introduced new graphical format probability included risk areas colors corresponding category mentioned changed population county parish borough interstate new shaded maps incorporated revised color palette shaded probability categories outlook incorporated small table convective outlook risk category map indicates total coverage area square miles total estimated population affected major cities included severe weather risk area public severe weather issued significant widespread outbreak expected especially tornadoes november march issued threat significant tornadoes nighttime hours noting lower awareness greater danger tornadoes time year categories marginal risk day indicates storms limited organization longevity coverage intensity typically isolated severe near severe storms limited wind damage large hail tornado wind gusts miles hour inch diameter common storm threats marginal risk depending sufficient wind shear tornado usually weak intensity short duration possible category replaced text category october slight risk day typically indicate threat exists scattered severe weather including scattered wind damage produced straight line sustained winds gusts mph scattered severe hail varying size inches inches isolated tornadoes shorter duration varying weak moderate intensity depending available wind shear sufficient atmospheric parameters peak severe weather season days slight risk united_states isolated significant severe events possible circumstances generally widespread enhanced risk day indicates greater threat severe weather indicated slight risk conditions adequate development widespread significant severe weather moderate category severe storms expected concentrated varying risk category replaced upper end slight october situations previously moderate risk reclassified enhanced wind tornado significant area moderate risk day indicates widespread dangerous severe weather possible major hurricanes significant severe weather likely numerous tornadoes strong potentially long track widespread severe wind damage large destructive hail exceeding inches diameter occur major events large tornado widespread straight line wind events possible moderate risk days greater uncertainty moderate risk days uncommon typically occur times month peak severe weather season occasionally times year slight enhanced risk areas typically surround areas moderate risk threat lower high risk day indicates considerable likelihood significant extreme severe weather generally major tornado outbreak extreme event days potential exists extremely severe life threatening weather including widespread strong violent tornadoes ground half hour longer destructive straight line winds hail verify produce high risk day usually involves threat widespread large damaging hail prolific severe weather days high risk days days rare high risk typically issued times year list high risk days high risk areas usually surrounded larger moderate risk area uncertainty greater threat somewhat lower storm prediction center began asking public comment proposed additions day convective april month period storm prediction center system beginning october adding new risk categories originally new categories added marginal risk replacing text enhanced risk areas severe weather occur fall previous probability criteria upper end slight risk warrant issuance moderate risk order greatest threat categories ranked marginal slight enhanced moderate high issuance usage convective issued storm prediction center time known universal coordinated time utc categories right refer risk levels specific severe weather event occurring miles point region described previous section day convective outlook issued times day valid current day following day morning updates valid following day afternoon update valid following day evening update valid following day provides forecast map categories chart day currently outlook issue specific tornadoes hail wind descriptive highest accuracy outlook typically highest probability levels day issued twice daily refer predicted risks convective weather following day calendar day example day outlook issued april valid april april include outline description probability severe convective storms generally day moderate risks fairly uncommon day high risk issued twice april april day refer day tomorrow include products outline text description probability day outlook june forecasts general thunderstorm risk areas higher probability forecasts likely forecast period increases forecast ability farther advance day moderate risks rare issued fourteen times product operational recently day high risks issued operational standards allow likely require high degree certainty event hours away reasonable level confidence said severe thunderstorm outbreak include significant severe weather tornadoes hurricane force winds egg sized hail day longest term official forecast product change significantly day day extended forecast severe weather experimental product march storm prediction center incorporated official product areas forecast chance severe weather day period equivalent slight risk enhanced risk respectively confidence fully severe weather evolve days day outlook outlines areas severe thunderstorms forecast occur period likelihood utilize risk areas outline general non severe thunderstorm activity occur local forecast offices national_weather_service radio television stations emergency planners use forecasts gauge potential severe weather threats areas marginal enhanced risk categories added october television stations continued use original category system outline severe weather risks stations utilize house severe weather vary degree convective certain switched current system chosen outline marginal risk areas generally convective outlook boundaries lines general thunderstorms light green marginal dark green slight yellow enhanced orange moderate red high purple continued arrow line filled color risk area enters country canada mexico waters united_states coastline indicates risk severe weather valid general area border oceanic boundary discussions discussions covered convection convective discussions precipitation precipitation discussions issued weather prediction center generally issuance tornado severe thunderstorm watch hours possible discussions designed local forecasters update region severe weather threat emerging indication watch likely details thereof situations isolated severe weather watches necessary contain meteorological information happening expected occur hours forecast reasoning regard weather watches discussions issued update information watches effect canceled discussions occasionally advance notice upgrade scheduled convective outlook example weather watches watches issued generally square miles km2 area normally preceded discussion watches intended issued preceding arrival severe weather hours indicate conditions favorable thunderstorms capable producing modes severe weather including large hail damaging straight line winds tornadoes case severe thunderstorm watches organized severe thunderstorms expected conditions thought especially favorable tornadoes occur areas effect severe thunderstorm watch statements issued note threat isolated activity conditions modest storm rotation capable inducing tornado watches conditions thought favorable severe thunderstorms produce tornadoes situations significant threat extremely severe life threatening weather watch special enhanced wording particularly dangerous situation issued occasionally issued tornado watches normally potential major tornado especially significant threat multiple tornadoes capable producing damage staying ground long duration paths severe thunderstorm watch rare typically reserved events densely populated areas watches warnings immediate severe weather threat life property severe thunderstorm tornado warnings step watches watches cover threat organized severe thunderstorms larger area warning watch occur thunderstorm activity occur develop reaches originally forecast level severity warnings issued local national_weather_service offices storm prediction center national guidance center process issuing convective watch begins conference local offices collaboration watch deemed necessary storm prediction center issue watch product followed local office issuing specific county based watch product product responsible triggering public alert messages television radio stations weather radio watch product outlines specific regions covered watch including approximate outlined area statute miles time based local time zone areas watch associated potential threats meteorological synopsis atmospheric conditions favorable severe thunderstorm development aviation conditions pre determined message informing public meaning watch warnings weather statements issued local national_weather_service office watch outline products provide visual map depiction issued watch typically watches product form boxes technically represented squares horizontal vertical depending area covers jurisdictions outlined county based watch product included watch area differ actual watch box certain counties parishes covered fringes watch box actually included watch vice versa watches expanded contracted removing jurisdictions forecasters longer consider viable threat severe weather canceled set time local offices example fire weather products storm prediction center responsible issuing fire weather continental united_states guidance product local state federal government agencies including local national_weather_service offices potential issued day day days day product issued central time updated valid following day day outlook issued updated forecast period following day day outlook issued valid days current calendar date seven days current calendar date types fire weather outlook areas text critical fire weather area wind relative humidity extremely critical fire weather area extreme conditions wind relative humidity critical fire weather area dry thunderstorms outlook type depends forecast weather conditions severity predicted threat local forecast region text map label outlining areas fire potential great pose limited threat warrant critical area similar areas title outlined convective critical fire weather areas wind relative humidity typically issued strong winds mph low relative humidity usually expected occur dried exist similar slight moderate risk severe weather critical fire weather areas dry thunderstorms typically issued widespread numerous thunderstorms producing rainfall little accumulation provide sufficient ground inches expected occur dried exist extremely critical fire weather areas wind relative humidity issued strong winds low humidity expected occur dry extremely critical areas rarely issued similar low frequency high risk areas convective list extremely critical fire days