medium long range wide body twin engine jet division group versions range kilometres nmi accommodate passengers class layout carry tonnes cargo origin dates mid-1970s conceived derivatives developed parallel engine shared common airframe components differed number engines incorporated fly wire flight control technology introduced aircraft display glass cockpit june receiving orders customers launched offered choice engines general_electric whitney rolls trent variant took maiden flight november entered passenger service air inter january followed slightly shorter variant subsequently developed variants include dedicated freighter military tanker formed basis proposed entered air_force competition conjunction initial win appeal lost boeing tanker launch allowed expand market share wide body competing include boeing entered service late long range planned succeed current referred current engine option replaced includes new engines improvements orders stand delivered remain operation largest operator turkish fleet development background envisioned diverse family commercial aircraft pursuit goal studies began early 1970s derivatives introducing identified possible variations named tenth variant conceived developed longer range focused efforts single aisle studies family later known family commercial aircraft digital fly wire controls studies turned focus wide body aircraft market simultaneously working projects mid-1970s began development larger derivative eventually essentially lengthened wing coupled powerful engines available targeted growing demand high capacity medium range trunk routes offering range douglas cent fuel efficiency seen viable replacement lockheed considered medium ranged successor time seat engine version eventually development originally planned place narrow body boeing douglas commercial use later evolve target long range wide body replacement market differentiate series designated standing twin aisle development costs reduced aircraft fuselage wing projected savings million factor split preference importantly prospective customers favoured north_america jets desired asia operators mixed views europe ultimately found potential customers favoured engines exemption existing range restrictions ability ferried inactive engine result development plans engined ahead design effort specifications aircraft accommodate passengers class layout emerged showed large cargo area hold cargo sixteen cargo containers forward fourteen aft hold double capacity lockheed metres longer june received improvements including adoption flight deck digital fly wire control system stick control developed common cockpit aircraft models allow quick transition pilots flight crews transition type week training reduces operator costs use vertical rudder circular fuselage sections extended barrel sections briefly considered variable wing concept requires changing wing profile given phase flight studies carried british systems bristol estimated yield cent improvement aerodynamic efficiency feature rejected cost difficulty development true flow wing low drag shape improves fuel efficiency considered rejected beginning development choice engines major engine manufacturers rolls whitney aviation planned aviation offered general_electric later studies indicated thrust needed increase initial power capability lbf enlarged fan centimetres create giving new thrust output lbf rolls initially wanted use lbf trent power newest upcoming douglas company later agreed develop engine solely trent larger diameter lbf thrust similarly whitney signed agreement covered development company increased fan size augment power enabling engine deliver lbf thrust january board held meeting munich west_germany board chairman released statement said position detailed technical definition officially designated called potential launch customer discuss terms conditions launch commitments designations originally reversed switched jet hoped sign sent sale proposals likely candidates including production testing preparation produce partners invested heavily new facilities england million investment storey technical centre floor area spent million new production line wing production plant germany invested million million manufacturing facilities estuary including bremen hamburg france saw biggest investments constructing new billion million final assembly plant adjacent airport november pillars new assembly hall erected assembly process featured increased robots drilling holes installing wing fuselage mating process march received orders domestic french airline air inter placed firm orders options thai international requested aircraft split evenly firm orders options announced day formally launch programmes april deliveries begin deliveries start northwest signed letter intent march eventually received million funding government short million originally requested design construction wings german french governments provided funding issued companies australia austria canada china greece italy india japan south_korea portugal united_states yugoslavia funding place launched programmes june prior paris air time order book stood aircraft customers including international lease finance corporation order total asian carrier pacific joined list ordering later increasing number wing fuselage mating tenth airframe line began mid february aircraft coated anti paint rolled march general_electric engines installed august static test wing failed requirement engineers later solved problem northwest deferred delivery sixteen following cancellation orders completed rolled october maiden flight following november weighing including test equipment biggest flown later flight boeing flight lasted hours minutes speed height flight configurations tested intended test flight programme comprise aircraft flying total hours october received european joint aviation authorities federal aviation administration certifications simultaneously cumulative airborne test hours test flights time weight tests came favourable showing plane weight june trouble struck certification whitney engine crashed near pilots passengers died flight designed test response engine worst case scenario centre gravity near aft limit shortly takeoff pilots difficulty setting aircraft lost speed crashed investigation internal branch direction aviation concluded accident resulted slow response incorrect actions crew recovery led revision operating procedures entry service air inter operator putting aircraft service january airport paris deliveries malaysia thai international postponed address composite materials engine thrust assembly thai received second half year operating routes seoul pacific received trent following certification engine december received february rescheduled orders intended compete extended range twin engine operation performance standards market specifically boeing standard allows longer range flights away diversion airport aircraft met special design testing standards instead box early approach taken boeing gradually increased approval service experience suggested essentially identical engine number experience applied approval plans engine types enter service minute approval increasing minutes total fleet accumulated flight hours minutes flight hours pacific important assisting building service flight hours ocean flights november aircraft receive approval offered option developments response decline sales increased market penetration boeing airline requests increased range smaller aircraft developed known development offer cent lower operating costs boeing plane aimed nmi sector predicted demand aircraft project million expected development costs approved board november flew august sixteen month certification process involved logging hours test flights customer aircraft leased canada type operator worked hydraulic pump problems reported operators issue suspected cause fire destroyed air france january january year malaysia undergoing regular maintenance singapore airport consumed fire started right hand main incident caused million damage aircraft took months repair consequently operators advised disable electrical pumps january flight trent powered occurred november engine failure pacific flight forced city april pacific subsidiary experienced engine caused carbon oil filter result pacific self suspended minute clearance engine failure occurred pacific bearing failure built gearbox days later pacific hong_kong flight experienced oil pressure drop resultant engine forcing return cause traced metal contamination engine master chip following fifth engine failure pacific voluntarily grounded fleets weeks causing major disruption cent passenger capacity rolls developed redesigned system resolve problem responding sales began marketing freighter derivative freighter range nmi tonnes nmi tonnes plane passenger version attached lower fuselage housed distinctive raises aircraft nose cargo deck level loading standard landing gear results plane having nose attitude ground maiden flight november marked start month hour certification programme certifications expected march following year approval delayed april delivery subsequently cargo division cargo july announced february intended raise production rates seven half month month month production increased aircraft month april highest aircraft expected continue selling expected replace july delivered pacific wide body reach deliveries fourth wide body achieve milestone boeing total ordered delivered september aviation expo china beijing announced new lower weight variant use domestic regional routes high growth markets large populations concentrated traffic flows china india recognised prime targets variant carry passengers increased efficiency comes installation seats weight reduction relatively short routes competes single aisle operating costs conditions far boeing max promise efficiency frequency flights increased larger aircraft available option increase capacity customer regional announced paris air december announced reduce production aircraft month falling orders rule production cuts announcement led immediate drop group stock price company derives significant percentage cash flow net profit program financial impact amid problems programs february announced production rate cut aircraft month beginning quarter extends production july allowing smooth transition production set start spring february announced increase production rate month response new orders management studying equip newer efficient engines new engine option neo sales chief john argument lower purchase price new engines economics buying competitive routes boeing stated reduced capital costs july candidate engines include variants rolls trent general_electric engine makers reportedly interested winning exclusive deal engined offered trent thrust efficiency new technology engine development rolls intends offer number aircraft engines heavier existing engines strengthen wings accept believes derives market advantage expensive positioned serve high density routes shorter nautical miles served aircraft primarily designed routes miles editor airline monitor told aviation week create monopoly segment essentially production aircraft suited boeing largest passenger capacity compete effectively low end market shortest routes boeing disadvantage notes analyst purchase price higher operating economics tuned longer flights recent customer ordered aircraft december pushed develop engined substantially lower fuel burn delta air lines request proposals replace fleets believes airline second chance establish profitable flight schedule connecting london paris attempt failed money employed proved far fuel inefficient believes service short medium haul routes carrying passengers produce higher profit margins higher purchase cost result longer routes specifically cites efficient like hand chairman air lease accept reasoning telling aviation week don believe rational don surviving production run neo help maintain transitions model transition manage major upgrade program cause problems engined launched twin aisle market crowded boeing sales aircraft starting program likely result short term drop sales profitable program customers wait new version considering running costly upgrade programs time company resources recent cancellation plane order place urgency decision announced variants july variants maximum weight design planned frozen type rolls exclusive engine supplier announced project rolls general_electric insisted condition offering favorable terms rolls offered better terms introduced fourth quarter seat introduced early aerodynamic modifications include twisted wing style wing tips increase wingspan predicted fuel consumption reduction seat new compared previous version efficient seat newer additional seats new design block fuel burn lower compared version larger inch trent efficient inch previous engine aerodynamic offers gain loss increased weight additional drag larger engine fuel consumption seat additionally improved rearranged cabin space smart increased seating decision offer aircraft engine somewhat controversial unique boeing come equipped exclusively general_electric engines hand loss competition engine makers ceo air lease said wants choice engines hand pointed commercial aircraft handle type engine adds millions dollars purchase price whitney executive told wall_street_journal engines longer engine aircraft relevant january officials iran signed agreement new aircraft including family fool noted july order export licenses orders june airline forced deliveries years fool noted urgent need pick additional customers save program design medium size wide body engines suspended wings wheel nose wheel main legs built support airplane ground maximum takeoff weight grew tonnes introduction tonnes enhancing range performance tonnes heavier maximum ramp weight airframe features low wing wing virtually identical wings designed manufactured developed long slender wing high aspect ratio provide high aerodynamic efficiency wing swept degrees design features allows maximum operating number wing high thickness chord ratio cent means long span high aspect ratio attained severe weight penalty comparison rival thickness chord ratio cent wing tall instead fences found earlier aircraft shared wing design allowed incorporate aerodynamic features developed aircraft failure international engines radical ultra high bypass promised cent fuel burn reduction led multiple enhancements including wing upgrades compensate originally designed span wing later extended finally wingspan similar larger boeing percent wing area fuselage based common parts external cabin width allowed seating arrangements abreast class seven abreast business class abreast economy class abreast high density economy class vertical rudder composite materials necessary uses auxiliary power unit provide electrical power shares glass cockpit flight deck layout featuring electronic instrument displays mechanical instead conventional control flight deck features stick controls main displays electronic flight instrument system covers navigation flight displays electronic aircraft monitor apart flight deck fly wire system common family features primary secondary flight control systems flight envelope limit protection system prevents manoeuvres exceeding aircraft aerodynamic structural limits variants launch existing members family received current engine option shortened longer range variant entered service korean air typical range passengers class configuration nmi fuselage frames shorter original length compensate smaller moment arm shorter fuselage vertical height increased wing modified structural strengthening wing allowed maximum takeoff weight increased tonnes offered engine types similar found general_electric whitney rolls trent boosted fuel capacity gal adding centre section fuel tank standard new vertical introduced beginning newer fin shorter height derived design vertical later standard new released plans higher gross weight version effectively compete boeing new build increase maximum takeoff weight allowing kilometres nmi range increase tonnes increase korean air customer february order deliveries aircraft started proposed version maximum gross weight increased version range extended nmi carry engine aerodynamic improvements reducing fuel burn planned enter service november announced gross weight increased range extended nmi version ordered delivered aircraft operation list price million competes boeing lesser extent new available ultra long range corporate jet prestige based stretched fuselage long new wings fly wire systems carries passengers class cabin layout class economy layout range nmi large cargo capacity comparable early boeing powered choice general_electric whitney rolls trent engines rated entered service january offered new version maximum gross weight increased tonnes enabled nmi extension range increase proposed increase maximum gross weight planned implemented version range extended nmi carry include engine aerodynamic improvements reducing fuel burn november announced gross weight increase range increase nmi nmi planning activate central fuel tank time model september announced version named regional version seating passengers reduced range nautical miles gross weight approximately ordered delivered operation list price million closest competitors boeing production douglas cargo derivative capable carrying nmi tonnes nmi overcome standard nose body angle ground uses revised nose layout provide level deck cargo loading normal attachment points lower fuselage requiring distinctive nose accommodate retracted nose gear power provided whitney rolls trent engines general_electric plan offer engine delivered aircraft seven orders list price million new build proposed passenger freighter conversions existing sized trails boeing models orders deliveries converted freighter announced plans passenger freighter program program come follow year later conversion work mainly dresden germany showed interest program aircraft expected enter service variant tonnes range nautical miles tonnes range nautical miles higher variants carry tons ranges nautical miles estimates market demand conversions units years update family new rolls trent engines enhancements directly replace feature generation rolls trent engines style aircraft scheduled enter service early late hawaiian burn fuel seat basis nmi flight seats seats overall achieved interior save space like equipped trent engines bypass delivering lbf expected enter service end november delta air lines airline announce firm order ordering aircraft order airline official launch customer replacement started design replacement aircraft november based military variants multi role transport tanker version designed aerial strategic transport november total orders placed air forces australia france saudi_arabia singapore united arab united_kingdom proposed version united_states_air_force aerial programme february selected aircraft replace boeing replacement process controversy instances corruption allegations july submitted tanker bid partner february picked boeing proposal later named winner lower cost undeveloped variants compete boeing later offered minimum change derivative called indicated proposed variant lower maximum takeoff weight tonnes coupled rated engines giving range nmi aimed singapore looked replace variant replacement early boeing satisfied compromised aircraft company instead proceeded entirely new aircraft reported studying version higher gross weight named takeoff weight tonnes tonnes greater weight version strengthened wing additional fuel capacity gal centre section fuel tank range increased nmi showed interest company sought fly west_coast europe power supplied engines offered passenger models considered new engine alliance engine engine application enter airline service programme launched quietly disappeared years later announced available option november maximum weight increased tonnes aircraft enter service delta air lines uses known proposed shrink version launched july fuselage frames removed ahead wing allow seating passengers maximum takeoff weight tonnes decrease allowing range nmi lighter version tonnes flown nmi aircraft cent better specific fuel consumption powered trent prospective customers included lloyd unimpressed long range variant preferring shorter range aircraft better suited route structure singapore expected customer looking replacement intended freeze design late flight scheduled quarter entry service year programme later abandoned interest customers lacking operators examples variants airline service including airline operators turkish air china china eastern pacific operators fewer aircraft orders deliveries data end june accidents incidents october involved major aviation occurrences including confirmed hull loss accidents total fatalities type fatal accident occurred june near test flight owned crashed engine failure killing seven board subsequently advised operators limit pitch attitude event engine failure low speed march malaysia suffered fuselage damage leaked chemical falsely labelled aircraft written type second fatal accident commercial service occurred june air france flight route rio_de_janeiro paris people board crashed atlantic_ocean kilometres nmi northeast islands survivors tubes provided early focus investigation aircraft involved built models known record faulty data conditions july advised operators replace manufactured investigators later determined inadequate response pilots loss data tubes subsequent resulted flight entering aerodynamic stall flight crashed approach tripoli international airport libya flight international airport south_africa people board year old dutch boy died cause crash determined pilot error involving resulted fatality philippine flight jumped aircraft death flight october ended casualties spanish police took control aircraft july destroyed amid attack international airport sri_lanka liberation tigers tamil december passengers crew subdued man attempted detonate explosives underwear operating northwest flight incidents flight survived board august air flight developed fuel leak atlantic_ocean incorrectly installed hydraulic forced minutes emergency landing azores october flight suffered rapid loss altitude sudden pitch manoeuvres nmi air base northwestern australia declaring emergency crew landed aircraft safely later determined incident caused injuries result design flaw plane air data reference unit limitation aircraft flight computer software april pacific flight international airport hong_kong landed safely engines failed contaminated fuel passengers injured pilots received award international federation air line pilots associations heroism july severely damaged fighting libya sustained bullet holes fuselage july hit rpg tripoli international airport completely destroyed ensuing fire specifications sources whitney international civil aircraft aircraft model designations source type certificate data sheet aircraft type


hudson_river mid air collision hudson_river mid air collision flight accident occurred august utc people died tour helicopter small private airplane collided hudson_river near frank park new_jersey aircraft area known hudson_river corridor extends surface river altitudes feet locations hudson_river immediate area new_york_city corridor aircraft operate visual flight rules responsibility avoid air traffic rests individual pilots air traffic controller heavy commercial air traffic newark kennedy airports air traffic control clearance required operate city unwilling grant clearance traffic volume need transit new_york metro area use corridor alternative going east city water west pennsylvania corridor heavily helicopter tour companies passengers sight seeing tours new_york skyline visual flight rules river corridors manhattan subject considerable debate new_york_city plane crash new_york_yankees pitcher crashed apartment building flying visual flight rules east river aircraft collision hudson_river collision occurred opposite 14th street manhattan blocks south flight hudson_river january loss life plane suffered complete loss thrust following bird strike collision light aircraft built seat lance piloted passengers given clearance tower airport new_jersey departed headed ocean city new_jersey helicopter carrying italian tourists pilot took west 30th street time tower requesting pick flight path ocean city indicate wished head hudson_river southwest replied let know said tower replied tell river instructed contact newark liberty international airport acknowledged instruction contact tower newark later acknowledging instruction contact newark read wrong frequency instead error controller correct soon controller newark concerned aircraft path contacted controller asked controller attempt establish contact attempts contact change aircraft heading unsuccessful unsuccessful attempts contact radar alert possible collision occurred newark towers controllers remember seeing hearing alert heading south river airplane seen helicopter going half fast pilot helicopter saw impending accident attempted warn airborne helicopter plane radio received response right wing crashed right wing airplane multiple blades helicopter witnesses reported plane nose dive water reported helicopter dropped water collision occurred approximately feet altitude caught tape italian tourist minute collision occurred controller contacted newark tower airplane told airplane contacted newark killed airplane pilot brother daniel nephew douglas helicopter tourists groups son group wife son pilot helicopter new clarke logged hours helicopter pilot recovered victims died blunt trauma head according medical office national_weather_service weather conditions noon new_york_city stations day collision described sunny partly sunny temperature variable wind speed mph authorities said low wing design difficult aircraft helicopter difficult addition small aircraft required flight data recorder cockpit voice recorder emergency response rescue immediately following accident coast guard reported new_york_city fire department rescued survivor hudson_river report shown incorrect addition rescue boat crews coast guard station new_york coast guard rescue helicopter crew coast guard air station atlantic city coast guard auxiliary assets new_york_city police department new_jersey state police local emergency services participated rescue effort red_cross new_york harbor police assisted efforts michael mayor new_york addressed questions press conference calling crash accident believe announced mission longer rescue mission recovery mission night august coast guard maintained mile safety zone holland tunnel lincoln tunnel requiring vessels slowly stay yards manhattan passing area safety zone maintained coast guard cutter bay recovery afternoon crash divers recovered bodies water morning total bodies found victims presumed dead helicopter wreckage found feet water far wreckage fields plane aided investigators attempted discover plane debris deeper water near mid channel point hudson efforts hindered poor visibility underwater storm august efforts succeeded august plane wreckage discovered approximately water plane wreckage recovered river afternoon august additionally bodies found wreckage plane ending search bodies recovery effort led united_states_army corps engineers aid boats new_jersey state police divers investigation investigation conducted national transportation safety board sent team day crash senior air safety investigator robert investigator charge member team chairman accompanied team served principal spokesperson scene investigation keith press officer joined team new_york august released report incident report discussed aspects collision including locations origin aircraft planned destination air traffic control communications addition report discussed controllers airport phone warn airplane pilot potential conflict national air traffic controller union issued press release report retracted statements controller crash saying controller warned plane tour helicopter tour helicopter controller radar removed party investigation result press release parties investigations agree let control publicity investigation submit information board accident hold seat investigation board accident controller supervisor leave comments phone deemed improper behavior stating authority determine controller contribution incident september released final report incident report cited primary causes accident inherent limitations avoid concept meant airplane pilot point view helicopter appeared small stationary object backdrop new_york_city skyline final seconds collision controller personal phone distracted air traffic control duties prevented airplane pilot incorrect newark control tower radio frequency aftermath reaction reaction government officials aviation industry groups individuals widespread convened new_york working group august group comments helicopter aircraft operators review operating procedures hudson east river corridors report administrator august issued august advises pilots flying area turn lights use designated self announce radio frequencies fly speed knots members congress led representative new_york sent letter administrator calling immediate action provide greater oversight small aircraft operations press conference august new_york_city mayor michael airplane helicopter pilot stated national transportation safety board makes determination fact stressed investigation weeks months facts known representatives aircraft owners pilots association including president fuller appeared numerous news programs collaborated news sources explain workings hudson_river corridor safety record flights area recommendations issued safety recommendation august accident airplane intended flight path believes pilot wanted climb corridor controlled class reasons unknown communication air traffic controllers switched frequencies tower apparently communicating corridor self announce frequency recommended revise procedures facilities area facilitate process traffic wishes transit class included establishing procedures coordinate requests facilities requiring controllers pilots self announce corridor frequency unable immediately enter class adding information area automatic terminal information service broadcasts reminding pilots use self announce frequency ensuring pilots provided traffic advisories contact controller additionally recommended controllers circumstances accident special flight rules area established location requiring special training pilots area helicopters required operate lower altitudes corridor minimize speed differences changes september announced plan improve safety flights corridor proposed changes include height corridor feet addition existing procedures treated suggested items flying corridor mandatory including operating landing lights maintaining speed knots mph flying corridor monitoring announcing area common traffic advisory frequency travelling west shore southbound east shore northbound pilots required appropriate charts available applicable rules flying corridor additionally pilot training courses pilots charter helicopter pilots developed implementation timeline initially announced november announced new rules hudson_river corridor effect november elaborated new rules previous announcement said air traffic zones different purposes instituted feet planes helicopters lingering allowed feet aircraft allowed fly air traffic control handling feet aircraft allowed traverse corridor handling air traffic control list civilian mid air collisions


marketed airline alliance founded february alliance stated objective choice airline alliance world frequent international travelers central alliance office currently based new_york new_york united_states member include air berlin american british pacific japan chile malaysia royal plus affiliated march largest global alliance terms passengers million passengers carried star alliance slogan alliance world leading working october member collectively operate fleet aircraft serve thousand airports countries carrying million passengers year daily departures generating annual revenues billion management announced formation central alliance team management company february mark alliance anniversary established vancouver canada june relocated new_york_city acts alliance central responsibility driving future growth launch new customer services benefits led managing partner peter previously director sales marketing pacific followed john previously alliance vice president marketing december bruce previously held roles ceo saudi_arabia ceo india executive vice president reporting ceo vice presidents commercial membership customer experience corporate communications chief financial officer director ceo reports governing board chief executives member governing board meets regularly set strategic direction review progress board alliance members chief executives pacific ceo currently role headquarters alliance headquarters relocated park avenue new_york_city sharing premises local offices number member including american british pacific japan membership history new global alliance unveiled founding members american british canadian left alliance years later merging air canada pacific press conference london united_kingdom september officially launched operational february alliance outlined services benefits including transfers passengers travelling member greater support passengers regardless member airline travelling greater range round world products enhanced operation member frequent programs provide rewards wider recognition access airport ahead official launch alliance embarked extensive employee communications training programme involving virtually staff employed member ensure deliver alliance brand promised launch member served destinations countries carried million passengers fleet aircraft additional members finland largest airline flag carrier alliance new recruit december alliance welcomed spain flag carrier second recruit february regional air joined alliance september adding destinations network known member elect alliance representative latin_america express join alliance irish carrier formally elected board confirmed ninth member alliance december joined june canadian left alliance following airline purchase air canada member rival star alliance swiss international air lines swiss accepted invitation join september signing memorandum understanding september establish wide ranging commercial agreement british swiss later decided proceed key elements agreement british released commitment join swiss later taken joined star alliance big expansion drive saw undertake biggest expansions history hungarian flag carrier signed precursor formal invitation join extended november october alliance signed member elect royal airline middle_east accept invitation join global airline alliance japan asia largest airline group applied join alliance october exchanged february setting framework remaining steps taken airline formally invited join june accepted formal letter invitation join alliance members group affiliate members including air express japan asia japan air airline groups japan royal joined members started offering alliance range services benefits april affiliate members japan air express japan asia japan air argentina ecuador expanded network airports nearly countries served daily departures carrying million passengers year fleet aircraft tier frequent able access airport worldwide day voluntarily exited alliance fundamental change business strategy irish carrier low point point carrier focus premium frequent international travellers market longer member maintained frequent program partnerships alliance members continued participate alliance global explorer round world fare product suspended services indefinitely february citing financial difficulties participation ended airline wound following weeks new recruits expansion russian airline unanimously elected alliance member november adding extensive networks covering russia commonwealth independent states expanded network cities russia airline subsidiary joined time affiliate member november welcomed airline accepted formal invitation join alliance april added destinations alliance map member star alliance leaving group march terminated agreement united opted agreements members american august filed proceedings mexico bankruptcy protection united_states financial situation deteriorating airline suspended operations august group mexican court protection remained inactive member february india took step joining chairman chief executives alliance existing member signing memorandum understanding subject indian regulatory approval airline gained approval join alliance india ministry civil aviation started participating alliance global explorer round world fare product february week join alliance entry hold time strengthen financial position suspended operations october finally ceased operations february july air berlin germany second largest airline accepted invitation join joined alliance march june malaysia new member designate world air transport summit singapore malaysia february present second big expansion june latest member elect world air transport summit beijing pacific serving sponsor alliance implementation programme membership implementation expected months member alliance making airline indian join alliance october member elect fastest growing worldwide adding destinations highly regarded having named airline year independent airline quality ratings agency agreement join widely reported media coup big carriers persian gulf sign global airline alliance airline joined alliance october february american began plans merge following federal aviation administration approval merger completed december left star alliance march joined affiliate member following day march group chose alliance subsidiary colombia plus subsidiary join colombia joined alliance october march joined leaving star alliance march franchises member includes affiliate members generally regional owned strong commercial links alliance members customers extend network alliance offer governance terms represented affairs parent airline air ceased affiliate member french airline sold british french investment group carrier explaining unable receive adequate returns investment business kenya based regional air joined alliance july following agreement british british terminated franchise agreement regional air african carrier suspended flights mid april ending affiliate membership regional carriers operated trans world express brand affiliate members changed december following acquisition american operated brand time corporate trans states alliance strengthened network latin_america argentina ecuador alliance newest affiliate members argentina launched passenger cargo services june home base buenos_aires ecuador launched services april home base officially joined sister offer alliance services benefits april additionally pacific newly acquired wholly owned subsidiary affiliate member alliance november conversely march alliance ended relationship affiliate member british subsidiary connect connect regional operations sold november return stake approximately regional routes affected sale belfast southampton remain linked alliance network british alliance members connect operations london city airport manchester new_york retained operated british subsidiary airline respectively alliance ended relationship affiliate member british october following purchase airline british rivals bmi days later welcomed latest affiliate member pacific wholly owned subsidiary alliance november biggest network mainland china non mainland based carrier departures week alliance lost affiliate members british continued strategy reducing franchises exited alliance march following purchase british intended start services london portugal spain london gibraltar operated franchise alliance bid farewell affiliate member japan asia march following airline consolidation parent japan second british left alliance october following ending franchise agreement airline separate agreement services replaced previous franchise british passengers connecting edinburgh glasgow tenth anniversary february celebrated tenth anniversary member american british pacific japan royal past decade membership doubled initial members members member carried total billion passengers generated billion million revenue passenger activities alliance sales products generated billion billion revenue thirds billion billion generated alliance exist celebration increase awareness member alliance alliance member decorated proportion aircraft fleets new standard aircraft total mainly types fly international routes alliance unveiled special version logo featuring text years printed word round blue member members founding member independently operated franchise carriers british flight code routes operated finland behalf air berlin flights operated air berlin flight code uses services eastern australia national jet systems american eagle flights operated air wisconsin compass envoy air republic trans states regional flights operated air inactive member member suspended operations indefinitely august financial collapse left alliance listed inactive member members member founding member acquired air canada star alliance left alliance suffering financial collapse member current member founding member flights operated merged american october express flights operated air wisconsin republic future members international group rejoin alliance unconfirmed date future member possible future members signed agreements mexican carrier stated interested recruiting airline mexico fill void left supporting join alliance november senior vice president royal air told media believes alliance appears compatible royal air developments airline exploring alliance options march minister tourism french jean told air join alliance hopes happen year agreements members air berlin frequent club member international group members airline member global explorer program member announced july purchase stake benefits services premium status premium status levels based customer tier status member airline frequent program status highest level member programme recognised member premium specific requirements membership based solely frequent programs individual member airline alliance benefits available passengers scheduled flights operated marketed member airline alliance alliance include explorer prices based class travel economy premium economy available business uniquely number continents visited mileage overall trip journey planning simple flexible possible flights carriers explorer multi airline round world fare online global explorer round world fare based distance flown includes members like members elect plus air pacific alaska flights operated air south african vietnam extending destinations covered circle explorer similar explorer require travel north south_america fly halfway globe actually planet example london hong_kong sydney london circle pacific explorer variant trips pacific_ocean covering australia asia north south_america example los_angeles tokyo sydney los_angeles circle asia south west pacific covers northeast southeast_asia southwest pacific circle atlantic covers europe middle_east north south_america visit passes offers multi sector flights carrier specific continent japan malaysia location location provides alliance customers transfers member better facilities member justify alliance combined ticket offices check facilities airports worldwide alliance initiatives performance customer service initiatives electronic ticket april airline alliance enable customers fly members network electronic tickets tickets completion links member awards logo alliance members aircraft bear small logo centimetres diameter right set entry doors cockpit japan special japan painted boeing aircraft boeing boeing special mark entrance alliance aircraft took airline main international hub tokyo international airport japan flight bound moscow april design featured huge globe distinctive horizon blue painted centre aircraft motif convenience comfort value choice available passengers alliance comprehensive global network standard new optional standard introduced alliance tenth anniversary celebration february features alliance large letters metres tall alliance logo fuselage white polished metal background operating member airline placed smaller lettering standard position aircraft alliance logo member airline retain regular design


airport airport norwegian regional airport norway operated state owned handled passengers making busiest regional airport country airport meter runway aligned services provided dash daily flights provided public service obligation flights flown eastwards airports airport base offshore helicopter services operated norway service estimated people airport area annually use airport flights oslo served scheduled water services interrupted world war resumed lasting opening airport airport opened august regional airport originally served canada twin canada dash introduced helicopter base established dash introduced airport years later dash damaged repair hard landing limited space expansion unfavorable wind conditions proposal build new airport history plans serving airline route launched government plan proposed flights northern norway carried proposed stops route trondheim norwegian air lines received concession operate routes norway resulting coastal route bergen commencing following year connecting route water located consisted aircraft parked passengers transported aircraft boat flights terminated remained end world war resumed route connecting town route later served coastal route bergen segment north taken years later started route airport allowed transfer oslo bound aircraft canada routes airport primary airports opened decided terminate seaplane routes county time bus trip took hours unlike seaplane routes routes able operate winter established air ambulance base opening airport applied permission subsidies operate service application rejected government mid-1960s saw proposals regional airports committee appointed county council proposed suitable sites simple airfield serve air ambulance air taxi services time government working plans build national network short landing airport plans eventually called airports northern plan passed parliament applied operate routes contract awarded operated routes rest country airport opened august municipality owner operator day airports commenced operations originally served canada twin aircraft airline established technical base introduced canada dash route airport year started flights airport taken service established helicopter base airport serve offshore petroleum industry searching oil sea introduced dash routes airport taken state civil aviation administration later renamed january state paid municipality million norwegian nok compensation routes eastwards subject public service obligations ministry transport communications april routes sufficient patronage operated subsidies helicopter operations taken later renamed norway opened base november airport security introduced january second airport receive global positioning system based landing system installed allows aircraft system installed safer fuel consuming landings instead step approach followed upgrade runway safety area runway lights facilities terminal capacity passengers hour includes separate area helicopter traffic use helicopter passengers instead use regular terminal separate operations fire station building includes control tower asphalt runway measures meters aligned possibilities extending runway largely terrain east end room aircraft size dash addition helicopters airport seven minutes drive town center parking car rental people work airport destinations main route service operated times day dash aircraft operates flights eastwards communities public service obligations ministry transport communications helicopter operators bases airport norway operates super service operates companies operate flights offshore installations super search rescue operations petroleum industry royal norwegian air_force sea kings based station group available instance mission aircraft maintained percent airport traffic generated routes oslo abroad percent airport served passengers aircraft movements handled tonnes cargo included passengers aircraft movements flew offshore busiest regional airport norway patronage 2000s varied activity petroleum industry year estimated passengers area chose airport airport provides direct flights oslo located kilometers road area airport covers municipalities residents largely use airport instead accidents incidents dash aircraft underwent hard landing aircraft route landing runway experienced wind changed direction resulting increased tail wind pilot attempted counteract increased descent rate increasing throttle sufficient aircraft carried hard landing inside threshold starboard landing gear collapsing aircraft slid belly runway meters damaged repair permitted aircraft land maximum certified wind conditions cross wind meters second knots meters second knots tail wind passengers crew members transported hospital injuries enforced wind restrictions airport accidents future considering building new airport built reclaimed land kilometers terminal located peninsula runway built filling studied possible runway lengths meters meters cause operational problems winter passenger aircraft longer alternative allow operation seat dash lengths allow operate airport flights oslo high seat costs limited range estimated costs new airport short runway nok billion longer runway nok billion calculations negative net present value society nok billion main gain comes use slightly larger aircraft allow cheaper flights report institute transport economics financed municipalities looked possible runway lengths airport meters meters concluded negative cost society break report concluded allow daily direct flights oslo estimated traffic airport built generated petroleum industry major uncertainty model unknown activity petroleum industry future report norwegian meteorological institute year concluded weather suited airport proposal national transport plan building airport main concerns runway capable oslo flights market airport airport reduce traffic level sufficient patronage airport allow compete oslo route instead recommends improving road airport kilometers driving distance road improvement costing scheduled


south crash october chartered scheduled fly orlando florida dallas texas early flight aircraft cruising altitude quickly lost cabin pressure board lack oxygen aircraft failed westward turn dallas north florida continued northwestern course flying southern united_states hours miles plane ran fuel south crashed field near descent passengers board golf star stewart agents van robert bruce highly regarded golf architect jack golf course design company flight chronology note times presented hour military format flight took place eastern time zone eastern daylight time central time zone central daylight time times given article coordinated universal time indicated time followed letter departure october registration operated aviation florida departed orlando international airport day flight trip departure aircraft fueled jet hours minutes flight board pilots passengers controller jacksonville instructed pilot climb maintain flight level feet sea level pilot acknowledged clearance stating zero alpha known radio transmission airplane occurred aircraft passing feet attempt contact aircraft occurred minutes seconds later minutes departure aircraft feet controller message went controller attempted contact times minutes answer interception flight crossing central time zone air_force test pilot 40th flight test squadron western florida happened air nearby directed controllers intercept fighter feet altitude feet test pilot radio calls receive response pilot visual inspection finding visible damage airplane engines running plane red rotating anti collision beacon standard operation aircraft flight fighter pilot inside passenger section airplane windows dark stated entire right cockpit ice covered inside indicated left cockpit sections center covered ice small rectangular section clear small section shield visible area flight control movement pilot concluded inspection broke formation proceeding scott southwestern illinois second interception hours flight fighter wing oklahoma air national_guard flying sign flight directed minneapolis intercept lead pilot reported movement cockpit dark tell minutes later pilot reported seeing inside dark cockpit reacting moving like able seen left rendezvous tanker aircraft reached maximum altitude feet interception escort wing north identification flight directed intercept flight returned fighters close lead pilot reported got visuals looking like cockpit window displacement control surfaces far flight returned tanker remained speculation media military jets prepared shoot threatened crash heavily populated area officials pentagon strongly denied possibility shooting plane option air_force spokesman captain joe said don know came crash cockpit voice recorder recovered wreckage contained audio recording minutes flight older model recorded minutes data aircraft equipped flight data recorder engines heard winding indicating plane fuel exhausted addition sounds stick heard engines powered attempted maintain altitude causing plane bleed approached stall speed point stick automatically engaged warn pilot switched began right turn descent airplane remained west airplane broke away tanker followed lead pilot reported target descending multiple rolls looks like control severe descent request emergency descent follow target pilot reported soon impact ground descending spiral fighter planes point forced break pursuit land local airports having reached limit endurance impact occurred approximately local total flight time hours minutes aircraft hitting ground nearly speed extreme angle crashed south outside county relatively flat ground left crater feet long feet wide feet deep components remained intact passenger crew addition stewart pilots onboard year old captain michael held airline transport pilot certificate type ratings boeing boeing air_force experience flying boeing instructor pilot maine air national_guard according aviation records captain accumulated total hours flight time military commercial flown total hours pilot command second command officer year old held commercial pilot certificate type ratings citation certified flight instructor accumulated total hours flight time hours aviation second command second command investigation national transportation safety board levels investigation highest major investigation extraordinary circumstances crash major investigation performed determined probable cause accident flight crew members result failure receive supplemental oxygen following loss cabin reasons board added commentary possible reasons crew obtain supplemental oxygen following pilots receive supplemental oxygen sufficient time adequate concentration avoid wreckage indicated oxygen bottle pressure valve open accident flight flight crew mask connector found wreckage disconnected valve connector recovered damage recovered connector consistent flight crew masks having connected airplane oxygen supply lines time impact addition flight crew mask found respective crew microphone assuming oxygen bottle contained adequate supply oxygen supplemental oxygen available pilots oxygen masks possible explanation failure pilots receive emergency oxygen ability think act decisively impaired don oxygen masks definitive evidence exists indicates rate accident flight lost cabin pressure safety board evaluated conditions rapid gradual breach fuselage small visually detected flight observers seal failure cabin gradually rapidly research shown period little seconds supplemental oxygen following rapid feet cause drop oxygen significantly functioning increase time required complete complex tasks gradual resulted possible causes smaller leak pressure vessel closed flow control valve safety board testing determined closed flow control valve cause complete airplane flight altitude period minutes supplemental oxygen substantial adverse effects motor skills expected soon clear indication cabin altitude warning cabin altitude reached feet occurred seconds investigations accidents flight crews attempted problem initiate emergency instead immediately oxygen masks following cabin altitude alert revealed relatively gradual rate pilots rapidly lost motor abilities effectively problem don masks shortly accident flight crew failure obtain supplemental oxygen time avoid explained delay oxygen masks seconds case explosive rapid slightly longer delay case gradual summary safety board unable determine flight crew receive supplemental oxygen sufficient time adequate concentration avoid report showed plane instances maintenance work related cabin pressure months leading accident unable determine stemmed common problem replacements repairs documented pilot reports prompted frequency reports report gently aviation possibility problem harder identify track resolve fact instance plane flown unauthorized maintenance cabin pressure problems aftermath stewart ultimately headed houston tour championship planned stop dallas discussions athletic department alma mater southern methodist university building new home course school golf program stewart tour championship lone player playing hole champions golf club prior beginning day play owner crash site consulting wives stewart victims created memorial acre site center rock pulled site inscribed names victims bible passage open held beach golf links began golf version gun salute stewart fellow players simultaneously hit balls pacific_ocean stewart posthumously inducted world golf hall_of_fame june florida state court jury orlando found liable deaths stewart agents robert van aboard plane similar incidents type crew extremely rare unknown similar accidents occurred recent incidents detailed prior listed crash robert edward noted football coach north_carolina state louisiana state university hired weeks flying pilot louisiana january conquest twin registered flight supposed minutes flying east climbing avoid thunderstorm plane lost contact air traffic control seen radar climb feet conquest eventually intercepted michigan air national_guard johnson north_carolina pair delta 48th fighter squadron virginia intercepted miles course flying altitude feet feet higher maximum certified ceiling fighter pilots cockpit plane continued atlantic_ocean ran fuel descended feet entered spin crashing water military pilots spotted debris wreckage recovered bodies pilot found likely reason given men apparently lost consciousness slow cabin mexico crash departed memphis international airport december heading texas crew aboard including nasa astronaut candidate susan flew past destination aircraft intercepted air_force flying training squadron pilot unable contact crew reported cockpit windows appeared frost inside entered mexican exhausting fuel supply entered spin crashed near northern state pilots killed australia king air crash western_australia september super king air departed perth mining town miles away carrying seven passengers plus pilot minutes flight aircraft passed assigned altitude air traffic control noticed pilot speech significantly impaired unable respond instructions communications continued pilot minutes sounds life board heard plane continued flying constant heading hours covering miles crashing northwest queensland accident known australian media ghost flight aircraft completely destroyed impact post crash fire making investigation difficult australian transport safety bureau investigating crash concluded likely cause unable rule presence toxic possibly air conditioning system flight crash greece august boeing crashed athens running fuel investigation later concluded improper setting cockpit caused cabin pressure drop resulted passengers crew later determined flight oxygen supply pilot training attempt bring plane lower altitude ultimately perished lack oxygen people board died crash plane aircraft built french manufacturer powered whitney engine aircraft went miles northeast jamaican parish portland caribbean_sea country northeast coast jamaica national security minister peter said citing preliminary reports documentaries documentary features incident episode 16th season episode titled deadly silence


ltd japan air charter ltd japan international airline registered tokyo japan headquarters main hub international airport airline secondary hub osaka international airport operations included scheduled non scheduled international passenger services high density low yield tourist destinations countries fleet boeing aircraft wet leased japan founded japan air charter october began charter operations douglas february airline obtained license operate scheduled services july operated scheduled passenger service october day airline changed fiscal year ended march sister group carried million passengers million tons cargo mail wholly owned subsidiary japan flag carrier japan december operations merged parent company history airline established october japan air charter ltd percent owned low cost charter subsidiary japan operate leisure flights asia pacific resort destinations regional airports japan response ministry transport policy obtained aircraft cockpit crews american contract pilots based hawaii cabin crews hired based operates cabin crew training centre obtained license operate non scheduled services february operated charter flight honolulu douglas july airline celebrated passenger july ceremony held 1990s hit effects japan recession increased foreign competition strengthening japanese given new role help reduce costs airline obtained license operate scheduled services july operate scheduled carrier wet lease basis operate high density low yield tourist routes asia pacific region particularly japan hawaii services fleet douglas boeing october airline changed operated scheduled passenger service tokyo honolulu wholly owned subsidiary japan march exchange shares change ownership enabled consolidate improve management operational efficiency group international passenger operations medium term corporate plan airline introduced new uniforms cabin crew april retired douglas october affiliate member april sister alliance biggest expansion young history medium term corporate plan announced march group accelerated retirement older boeing aircraft airline operated boeing classic jet flight honolulu tokyo july years service airline group aircraft giant hawaiian departure honolulu international airport day declared japan classic jet day state hawaii governor governor duke aircraft met arrival tokyo father joseph joe sell commemorative flight flew fans boeing classic jet tokyo round trip day tour july reported airline terminated assignments american contract hawaii based boeing pilots closed office japan based cockpit crew operates daily flights previously operated crew corporate affairs prior closing headquarters floor japan operation center international airport main hub international airport previously headquarters 23rd floor tokyo destinations november operated scheduled services international domestic destinations different countries different continents fleet operates fleet boeing boeing boeing aircraft wet leased parent japan fleet history aircraft service order boeing boeing douglas mileage bank mileage bank travel rewards program group including japan express japan air japan air commuter air system air commuter incidents accidents august flight operated douglas honolulu experienced left wing engine trouble shortly takeoff aircraft immediately returned airport engine parts fell district people slightly injured parked car damaged


airport airport hebrew lit field arabic known airport hebrew hate arabic airport located israel mainly handles scheduled domestic flights northern israel heights largest airport proper second largest area ben international airport outskirts airport named pioneers jewish aviation airport expected close end agreement struck land houses residential apartments commercial flights ben airport airport focus city israel history early history mayor israel asked british mandate authorities permission create airport palestine promising solve transportation problem jews arab revolt travelling arab territory main airport catch palestine flights difficult dangerous works began plot land north river completed october airport served regular flights option flights airport changed memory pioneers jewish aviation abandoned palestine ceased operations august site british_army base december british permission runway reopened arab israeli war airport served base israeli air_force central base home aircraft time military flight december ben flew rescue injured soldier war following war arab east opened development military started airport regular basis airport regained commercial operations initially serving domestic flights single customers aircraft later expanded operations scheduled service larger aircraft parts israel result land availability additional north south runway built opposition land scarce municipality demanded airport relocated northward allow residential development place committee investigated options relocation found feasible site proximity suggested flights moved airport known ben airport road access improved option blocked israel defense forces government set second committee suggested old east west runway closed airport area reduced allowing development east airport suggested replaced new runway sea adjacent beach runway closed high density upper middle income neighborhood built east airport new runway constructed high cost involved new residential area suffered aircraft noise residents joined demand airport relocated despite number flights airport increased newly formed israel airports authority reduce congestion ben airport shifting domestic turbo prop flights feasible alternative proposed point build runway sea high cost project meant happened large issue area 1980s recent history relocation plans early 1990s saw rapid rise land values area following massive immigration wave soviet_union rapid economic growth fueled peace prospects subsequent tech boom brought issue relocation light despite declared international airport private flights future main terminal aircraft parking aircraft transferred area near beach enable construction new traffic routes north issue remained unresolved late announced airport vacated way residential redevelopment unclear actually place municipality israeli domestic air carriers interests general aviation community oppose closing airport initially plan relocate entire airport runway terminal facilities artificial island built offshore close military terminal relocated civilian activities relocated ben airport capacity ben projected reach maximum decades concept building airport offshore region revived future operating near capacity annual passenger movements potential capacity airport today today airport handles domestic flights israel light aircraft activity limited international flights nearby cyprus airport takes overall movements offs landings uses airport base operations convenient hub military government passenger traffic location centre israel air force civilian pilots alike cross controlled air traffic control tower north south vice versa order reach destination landing increases significantly air traffic density airport efforts crossing traffic away approach departure patterns order effect air traffic safety airport seven check aircraft stands destinations


express express ltd airline headquarters tokyo international airport tokyo japan main hub tokyo international airport airline maintained offices japan building tokyo operations included scheduled non scheduled passenger services regional destinations japan addition airline operated additional destinations japan destinations people republic china behalf japan wet lease agreement express wholly owned subsidiary japan flag carrier japan affiliate member alliance airline founded april began operations boeing july celebrated tenth anniversary establishment flight april july respectively airline operated international flight flies shanghai fiscal year ended march express sister group carried million passengers million tons cargo mail carrier ended operations september fully integrated japan history express established april wholly owned domestic subsidiary airline japan initial capital million airline operates scheduled passenger services regional domestic destinations japan low demand flights wet lease agreement anticipated airline enter services domestic trunk short haul international routes july express commenced operations osaka boeing non japanese cockpit crew short term contracted cabin airline cabin called sky cast duties include cleaning seat cabin flights airline celebrated passenger june commenced wet lease operation parent december november introduced new aircraft design arc sun group fleet reception celebrate completion painted aircraft group new design held hangar april douglas introduced airline fleet aircraft economy class configuration seats express affiliate member april sister alliance biggest expansion young history day airline celebrated tenth anniversary establishment express welcomed arrival new boeing fleet january celebrated tenth anniversary flight july airline operated international flight wet lease agreement flies shanghai osaka tokyo express pilot july female airline flight captain march express flights operated flights merger carriers september destinations express operated following destinations september japan airport airport airport airport airport international airport focus city osaka osaka international airport base airport wet lease agreement addition normal scheduled passenger services express operated following destinations behalf japan wet lease agreement china international airport shanghai international airport japan airport airport airport hiroshima hiroshima airport airport airport airport airport airport airport airport airport airport airport international airport airport airport okinawa airport osaka international airport osaka international airport airport new airport airport tokyo international airport tokyo international airport airport terminated destinations express served japan fleet september express operates narrow body aircraft classes service class economy class single class service economy class average fleet age years services flight catering cold including cooled green tea original citrus drink sky time apple juice hot including tea green tea coffee soup original candy sugar candy available board passengers traveling class enjoy class flight catering services march passengers traveling classes enjoy flight catering services flights flight entertainment group flight magazine express flight magazine letter flight shopping magazine available board newspaper audio video programs available flights passengers traveling class enjoy class flight entertainment services available march passengers traveling classes enjoy flight entertainment services flights mileage bank mileage bank travel rewards program group including japan express japan air japan air commuter air system air commuter program airline partners include partners air france china eastern airline frequent offers fly program frequent service status program global club exclusive club designed experienced travelers program membership fee mileage valid day 36th month following month flight transaction date addition member accumulate mileage months member member account remains inactive zero mileage consecutive month period withdraw cancel membership member fly program fly program frequent service status program divided membership levels crystal premier diamond based member travel calendar year additionally minimum group flights eligible fare classes required members earn fly points eligible fare classes group member member eligibility membership renewal upgrade membership year higher members provided increased travel benefits bonus mileage additional baggage priority boarding airport lounge access phases fly program service benefits begins months following qualification membership begins april following year membership valid march second year following membership qualification crystal crystal level achieved retained member earns fly points boarding flights minimum fly points services benefits months membership qualification include priority percent bonus mileage airport lounge access japan domestic flights lounge mileage priority check executive class international flights priority baggage class group domestic flights piece extra baggage priority boarding international flights priority airport standby class upgrade class mileage services benefits april following year include upgrade points complimentary flight upgrades crystal membership level equivalent tier status members benefits travelling member airline level achieved retained member earns fly points boarding flights minimum fly points additional services benefits members months membership qualification include percent bonus mileage lounge access guest flying group airline flights priority check class international flights japan domestic flights priority baggage pieces extra baggage access fast security lane additional services benefits members april following year include upgrade points complimentary flight upgrades members invited join dedicated cater experienced travelers membership level equivalent tier status members benefits travelling member airline premier premier achieved retained member earns fly points boarding flights minimum fly points additional services benefits premier members months membership qualification include mileage suspension membership period class diamond premier lounge access guest flying group airline flights priority check class priority boarding international domestic flights additional services benefits premier members april following year include complimentary lounge upgrade points complimentary flight upgrades complimentary hotels night stay passes century club flower gift premier membership level equivalent tier status members benefits travelling member airline diamond highest membership level fly program mileage bank diamond level achieved retained member earns fly points boarding flights minimum fly points additional services benefits diamond members months membership qualification include percent bonus mileage seat award tickets double mileage additional services benefits diamond members april following year include upgrade points complimentary flight upgrades complimentary hotels night stay century club membership diamond membership level equivalent tier status members benefits travelling member airline global club global club exclusive club dedicated catering group experienced valuable travelers membership available members earned fly points boarding flights minimum fly points addition membership enrolled club club gold club membership payment annual fee lifetime membership given long time qualifying member continues pay annual fee tier status member depend fly program membership levels following exception members automatically attain status enrollment regardless number fly points accumulated previous calendar year benefits include bonus miles group eligible flight flown year lounge access guest priority baggage pieces extra baggage priority check leather baggage annual gifts calendar diary exclusive use member designated hotels addition club club gold club holders receive percent flight bonus mileage


airport airport norwegian international airport serving town municipality county norway airport located kilometers northeast single meter runway numbered lies southern shore airport owned operated state owned served passengers making busiest airport airport served norwegian air shuttle scandinavian boeing aircraft flights oslo operates services regional airports feeding larger routes limited number international charter flights airport area military airfield built luftwaffe damaged repair world war civilian airport opened services provided primary airports north oslo 1970s regional airports opened flying connecting flights airport regional importance increased hub newly created commuter norwegian started flying new terminal building opened history construction airport built german occupation norway central german military activity world war resulting constructed airport damaged repair operation german withdrawal royal norwegian air_force operated seaplane route coast northern norway included stop route resumed following summer municipality started lobbying air_force civilian aviation authorities establish airline route specifically argued water airfield included national plans future airports area freed military use airport progress airfield decade instead water upgraded initially passengers transported aircraft boat years floating dock built services provided summer months september rest year airline service travel time oslo days largely ship route taken bought canada serve route routes connected norwegian air lines seaplane service oslo annual passengers summer route flown daily beginning local politicians started discussing airfield plans mid-1950s airport included national airport plan launched municipality started preparatory work included necessary area time plans called meters long respectively municipality built water sewer pipes airport site spent norwegian preparatory work purchase land central authorities time looking suited site airport western considering airport closed military air base location somewhat controversial especially airport located close town center potentially causing noise pollution alternative considered discarded surrounding mountains prevented good landing conditions decision build airport followed additional land construction carried simultaneously airport combined primary airports construction started february cost nok million runway completed fall year parts construction delayed late april airport lacking fire fighting equipment ground crew received sufficient training issues resolved allowing airport open schedule airport opened day airport opened following year important facilities missing airport opened control tower passenger terminal completed shed terminal operational history services operated scandinavian system beginning airline passenger metropolitan aircraft flew flights south oslo westward starting general route scheme flying multi legged flights oslo remained april introduced passenger douglas service metropolitan flew april regional airports opened august connected primary airports canada twin airport opened july traffic increased 1970s resulting gradually increasing frequency services later larger douglas flown route july commuter established started operations northern norway making central hub involved change operations services oslo flown non stop conversely services airports northern norway flown smaller able reduce costs longer operating local routes instead increased number flights change airport direct services oslo number annual aircraft movements activity airport peaked following years served daily services peak hours aircraft airport simultaneously including reintroduced direct services oslo aircraft eastern started feeding hub gradually abandoned flights gradually decreased hitting low movements landings offs north cape tunnel opened connecting mainland reduced travel time people started long haul flights expense airport bought resulting taking service oslo starting april commuter services northern norway taken october norwegian air shuttle started services oslo august initially services daily merged form airline changed scandinavian plans expanding square meter terminal facilities articulated civil airport administration 1990s upgrade given priority plan shortly placed hold favor upgrades airport airport civil aviation authority announced aircraft parking areas close runway airport lose certification upgraded concern lack capacity airport handle passengers simultaneously gates decided february build new passenger terminal tower nok million new terminal square meters located old terminal port facilities included improved facilities security control allowed international services new terminal use october officially opened september facilities airport located southern shore mouth river kilometers east town operated state owned single meter runway aligned roughly east west directions equipped instrument landing system category terminal building square meters handle international flights airport passengers aircraft movements landings offs tonnes cargo making busiest airport bus operated transport takes minutes town center car rental available airport long term parking spaces airport coach fast ferry services travel time hours destinations airport served scheduled charter providing services destinations including abroad scandinavian norwegian air shuttle serve airport boeing aircraft providing daily services oslo daily service operates regional services public service obligation contract ministry transport communications seven daily services operates canada dash aircraft services passenger dash aircraft passenger dash aircraft services regional airport airport area includes kilometers miles road airport area partially includes kilometers miles road kilometers miles areas airport local airport regional airport provide direct flights oslo prices higher estimated passenger flights airport generated people living journeys parts western airport example area airport pass closed snow storms future proposal consultant company ordered ministry transport communications suggested starting routes follow coastal route leaving county capital routes remaining proposals build new airport meters runway selected serve direct flights oslo severely reduce area primary airport result reduction oslo flights norwegian government decided build airport instead improve road started roads improved period


airport airport norwegian regional airport serving norway located northern edge main island owned operated state owned handled passengers services provided operating dash aircraft contract ministry transport communications airport airport served 1960s helicopters airport opened june initially operating canada twin service operated guard air air flown route history services started commenced seaplane services island canada aircraft routes operated times week charter service subsidies municipalities service flew airport island community inland weekly services helicopters doubled serving search rescue duty case needed flights cancelled regional airports opened service taken september want operate helicopters operations service operated twice day day weekends sixteen seat subsidies million norwegian nok granted route service transported passengers helicopters bought december operations offshore helicopters second bought march operated offshore helicopters service merged offshore helicopters new service took route introduced seat bell helicopters january high maintenance costs service islands handled passengers tonnes post cargo landings received subsidies nok million plans airport short landing flights launched government december airport proposed regional airport airport airport airport airport airport plans passed parliament april construction started august municipality granted concession operate airport airports opened june airport having cost nok million build civil aviation administration proposed closing airport regional airports high levels airport january regional airports placed control norwegian civil airport administration service airport opened services started operated seat canada twin airline operated trips round trip weekend addition weekly trips connected airport returning service ministry transport communications replaced twin seat canada dash route subject public service obligation april won incumbent beating service auction following contract valid april awarded guard air company folded service operated route temporarily took year april air took route aircraft new airline troubled start passenger numbers dropping percent december flight hit lightning received severe damage landing choice operator criticized municipal council following incident stated ministry price safety council stated feel air provided service aircraft safety hazard complaints lack accessibility disabled people cabin weather radar expensive tickets discounted tickets possibility carry baggage february wave air technical problems airline aircraft june airline pilots started selling tickets airport company stated declined higher costs civil aviation authority norway withdrew air concession lack maintenance interim basis helicopter airline operated route nearby island took route september october started flying facilities airport regional airport owned operated serves island remote island archipelago terminal building capacity passengers hour largest aircraft operate airport dash free parking airport vehicles airport resides elevation meters feet mean sea level runway designated asphalt surface measuring meters destinations airport served twice daily canada dash flight operate airport airport returning routes operated public service obligation contract ministry transport communications


whitney april seven year old girl killed attempting youngest person fly light utility aircraft united_states day quest cardinal single engine propeller aircraft flown flight instructor crashed immediately takeoff regional airport wyoming killing year old father flight instructor billed media pilot possess medical certificate student pilot certificate require minimum age pilot certificate requires minimum age according federal aviation administration regulations record keeping body time trip recognizing feats age pilots local national international news media picked publicized story closely followed record attempt abrupt ending national transportation safety board investigated crash concluded caused flight instructor improper decision poor weather conditions aircraft failure maintain resulted stall determined contributing instructor decision desire adhere overly ambitious media commitments sea shining sea flight born hercules california common law couple lisa blair lloyd parents split father married woman taking year old live san_francisco bay area began taking flight lessons flight instructor joe sixth birthday enthusiastic flying father suggested idea coast coast flight readily accepted agreed provide flight instruction aircraft endeavor decided flight sea shining sea lloyd ordered custom caps shirts logo distribute stops received hours flight training seven year old hold medical certificate pilot student certificate person years age eligible student pilot certificate pilot certificate certified fly plane rated pilot normally flight instructor controls flight operations coast coast flight promoted record attempt young age known body recognizing record flights age pilots time flight book records officially discontinued youngest pilot categories seven years earlier risk accidents flight cardinal seat single engine propeller aircraft manufactured registered like aircraft dual flight controls sit left seat right lloyd agreed paid services normal flight instruction rates plus compensation time reportedly told wife considered flight non event aviation simply flying cross country year old sitting parents paying instant media celebrity abc news gave lloyd video camera blank tape flight journey began vigorously followed supporters media outlets monitored progress reporting time landed took slept flight segments route assisted landings high winds final flight segment father flight instructor arrived evening accident long day flying half moon bay california departure point welcomed mayor leo media interviews got ride hotel car local radio station program director recalled discussing forecast weather conditions day weather morning accident flight forecast consisted area heavy precipitation north west better conditions east flight headed group board aircraft program director taken hotel previous evening interviewed telephone began rain airport weather deteriorating director invited stay father declined explaining wanted beat storm approaching telephone discussion weather decided despite conditions airport try escape poor weather turning immediately eastward instrument rated instrument current legally operate instrument flight rules decided file visual flight rules flight plan depart better able cope heavy weather immediate takeoff path vicinity airport aircraft began departure runway visibility airport fell mile minimum required flight control tower advised reduced visibility field requested received control tower special clearance allow exit airport control zone visually despite reduced visibility crash aircraft began takeoff runway northwest rain strong gusty according witnesses plane lifted climbed slowly nose high wings began gradual right turn reaching altitude feet plane rolled turn descended rapidly crashing near vertical angle court street residential neighborhood father killed blunt force trauma sustained impact forces legally pilot command flights apparently manipulating controls particular flight segment investigation national transportation safety board investigated accident published detailed final report march official point view pilot command flight instructor board rated fly aircraft investigation focused decision making prior takeoff actions airborne experienced pilots airport time accident testified considered weather time unsuitable flight thunderstorm forming moving field addition investigators determined weight aircraft takeoff roll exceeded maximum takeoff weight increased stall speed percent aircraft flying moderate heavy rain calculated water flowing wings increased stall speed percent like flight instructors giving dual instruction seated right aircraft primary flight instruments mounted left case investigators speculated heavy rain immediate climb path forward visibility greatly restricted maintain control climbing right turn turn head left flight instruments critically attitude right ground window head motion combined flight visibility climb reduced stall margin led spatial loss control probable cause concluded probable cause accident improper decision deteriorating weather conditions including gusty winds advancing thunderstorm associated precipitation airplane overweight density altitude higher accustomed resulting stall caused failure maintain determined contributing pilot command decision desire adhere overly ambitious media commitments aftermath child pilot safety act accident associated publicity led federal legislation prevent similar record attempts age pilots taking place future legislation passed house september senate september september differences house senate versions bill resolved october president bill_clinton signed federal aviation act including child pilot safety act law statute prohibits hold private pilot certificate current medical certificate manipulating controls aircraft individual attempting set record engage competition feat medical certificate private pilot license minimum age requirement respectively new rule prohibits child pilots van meter manipulating flight controls pursuing record pilot command pilot certificate revoked allowing activity media responsibility crash claims media record attempt contributed accident helping promote flight schedule supported determined pressure induced intense media attention contributing factor accident abc reflected media role tragedy need begin acknowledging contribution feed looking publicity looking stories ended asking media attention contribute phenomenon answered time featured portrait cover seen wearing gray cap inscription women fly headline reads killed child pilot featured cover people civil litigation lloyd father lisa blair common law husband brother born separated married year old anne child december gave birth sister conceived lived time lloyd california death crash lloyd bought separate life insurance policies policies named named receive million event death ensuring adequate child support children living women grown son daughter previous marriage addressed policies crash sued million attorney roy said san county court million designated excess reasonable level child support december lisa filed counter suit lloyd estate million exact money lloyd intended saying lloyd gave word care support rest remainder natural life december san county superior court judge ruled insurance benefits split equally women million dismissed claims burial buried mount hope cemetery san county california usa