synthesis synthesis chemical synthesis relatively short fragments defined chemical structure sequence technique extremely useful current laboratory practice provides rapid inexpensive access custom desired sequence dna direction chemical synthesis limitation carried opposite direction currently process implemented solid phase synthesis method building blocks derived protected modified obtain desired building blocks coupled growing chain order required sequence product synthetic cycle process fully automated late 1970s completion chain assembly product released solid phase solution collected occurrence reactions sets practical limits length synthetic number errors length synthesized products isolated high performance liquid obtain desired high purity typically synthetic single stranded dna molecules bases length find variety applications molecular biology medicine commonly small interfering dna detecting dna molecular tools targeted introduction restriction sites synthesis artificial genes history evolution synthesis saw major methods formation reviewed literature great detail early work contemporary synthesis early 1950s alexander group pioneered methods synthesis reaction compounds form solution compounds synthesis thirty years later work inspired independently research groups adopt chemistry solid phase synthesis building blocks compounds practical implementation method resulted short simple synthetic cycle consisting steps scheme solution carried end chain assembly step synthetic cycle desired carried conditions alternatively converted presence primary secondary method convenient types modifications introduced properties building blocks protected group group bases manner building blocks protection group mandatory synthesis 1950s workers developed method scheme activated activated species reacted protected protected removal group base chain carried following sets synthesized converted longer allowed genetic code major limitation method consisted formation branched method step selective chemistry described earlier time protecting groups available introduced lack convenient protection strategy necessitated taking retreat slower selective chemistry achieve ultimate goal study synthesis 1960s groups led developed approach defining difference approach protection building block scheme product group formation branched higher method allowed use efficient agents dramatically reduced length synthesis method initially developed solution phase synthesis implemented low cross linked later controlled glass solid support material initiated massive research effort solid phase synthesis eventually led chain assembly synthesis 1970s substantially iii derivatives successfully formation led discovery group led took advantage aggressive selective implemented method solid phase shortly workers group improved method stable building blocks use protecting group place user friendly group led currently synthesis building blocks later improvements manufacturing building blocks synthesizers synthetic chemistry reliable method choice preparation synthetic synthesis method building blocks mentioned naturally occurring afford synthetic preparation high yields rate formation dramatically improved derivatives serve building blocks prevent reactions functional groups present rendered protected protecting groups completion chain assembly protecting groups removed yield desired protecting groups currently commercially available common building blocks briefly reviewed group protected acid group bases respectively groups require protection base group low extent react conditions reaction derived unprotected poorly commonly synthesis contrast protected versions compound dissolve widely bases bear groups activated conditions reaction use additional steps synthetic cycle alternative agents systems chain assembly carried unprotected groups approaches currently remain research stage routine synthesis groups kept permanently protected entire length chain assembly protection groups group removed end synthetic cycle simplest implement widely strategy including base protection group groups protection schemes standard robust scheme figure protection protected group recently group protect shown figure second mild protection scheme protected groups bear protection protected groups mild protecting groups removed readily standard protecting groups bearing groups stable stored solution group protected base group coupled solid support bound converted species presence protection mandatory successful conducting reactions synthesis group protected group tom tri group treatment bears group acidic conditions activation group leaves substituted group support bound step non non designed introduce termini synthetic middle sequence order introduced inside sequence non possess groups protected group bears non introduce desired groups available natural introduced readily simpler chemical designs short selection commercial shown scheme demonstration available structural functional diversity serve attachment groups triple bonds non radioactive labels exemplified attachment respectively exemplified respectively synthetic cycle synthesis carried addition growing chain desired sequence assembled addition referred synthetic cycle scheme consists chemical reactions step blocking group removed solution acid acid acid orange colored formed washed step results solid support bound precursor bearing free group worth remembering conducting extended time stronger recommended solutions leads solid support bound reduces yield desired length product step solution mixture activated solution acidic catalyst number similar compounds extensive information use agents synthesis found recent review mixing usually brief occurs fluid lines synthesizers components delivered containing solid support activated fold excess support bound material brought contact starting solid support support bound precursor following group activated incoming form rapid requires small scale completion contrast hindered protected require min coupled high yields reaction highly sensitive presence water particularly solutions commonly carried generally larger scale synthesis lower excess higher concentration contrast concentration primarily determined scale synthesis completion products removed washing step step performed treating solid support bound material mixture method serves purposes completion reaction small percentage solid support bound groups remains needs permanently blocked chain prevent formation internal base commonly referred groups large extent mixture reported activated react small extent position water product possibly migration undergoes sites formed readily course final basic conditions shorter reducing yield length product modifications rapidly removed treatment reagent long step performed prior water synthesis involve water respectively suffer reaction described hand step performed prior solid support contain left step mixture transfer reaction results extensive formation place desired synthesis conduct step prior step step newly formed natural limited stability conditions synthesis treatment support bound material water presence weak base protected precursor naturally occurring carried conditions efficiently step substituted step obtain synthesis case step best carried prior solid supports solid phase synthesis assembled bound group solid support material remains attached entire course chain assembly solid support contained columns dimensions depend scale synthesis vary overwhelming majority synthesized small scale ranging recently high synthesis solid support contained wells multi plates wells plate method choice parallel synthesis small scale end chain assembly released solid support column solid support material contrast organic solid phase synthesis synthesis synthesis proceeds best non low solid supports solid phase materials controlled glass commonly defined size chemistry sizes allow preparation respectively native suitable processing surface material treated arm extended result long chain group point suitable synthesis suitable synthesis low highly cross linked obtained min presence agent obtained converted chemistry solid support material suitable synthesis non attached groups remaining groups capped typically different groups solid supports universal supports recent convenient widely method synthesis starts universal support non attached solid support material compounds respective coupled universal solid support synthetic cycle chain assembly standard chain assembly continued completion solid support bound characteristic feature universal solid supports release occurs bond universal shown scheme critical advantage approach solid support sequence synthesized complete removal assembled solid support similar solid supports require mixture commercially available solid support requires solution commercially available solid supports historically popular approach group attached solid support arm compound chain assembly starts building block respective second group synthesized solid supports conditions somewhat applicable universal solid supports fact solid support selected sequence specific manner reduces entire synthetic process increases likelihood human error special solid supports attachment desired functional reporter groups synthetic example commercial solid support allows preparation bearing similarly non special solid supports designed attachment functional groups non radioactive reporter groups terminal suited applications commercially available detailed information solid supports synthesis found recent review synthesis modified oxygen replaced having non position shown figure widely available commercially replacement non oxygen creates new center simple case results formation pair structures shown figure number calculated non natural substantially stable class destroy breaking bond property determines use applications extensive exposure inevitable similarly improve stability introduced sense strands pure stable degradation preparation pure remains synthetic challenge laboratory practice commonly synthesis similar natural difference step replaced transfer reaction step performed reported capable efficient transfer commercially available provides rapid high stability solution reagent available sources dioxide known reagent displays better short reaction times reagent limited stability solution efficient commercially available reaction dna requires min times slow compounds past synthesis carried manually solution solid phase solid phase synthesis implemented containers solid phase miniature glass columns similar shape low pressure columns equipped filters currently solid phase synthesis carried automatically computer controlled instruments synthesizers technically implemented column multi plate array formats column format best suited research large scale applications high required multi plate format designed specifically high synthesis small scale satisfy growing demand industry synthetic number synthesizers small scale synthesis medium large scale synthesis available commercially commercially available synthesizers march practical course hosted department germany attended program comprised practical work lectures solid phase chemical synthesis select group students attended unprecedented opportunity instructed teaching staff manual exercises prominent companies attended course genetic design companies demonstrate automated synthesizers course presented new sam synthesizer genetic design developed synthesizer design sister companies solid phase genetic design arranged christian max institute medical research week event convert solid phase semi automated synthesizer team led alex converted unit transported event installed lab system semi automatic user injected base added growing sequence cycle system worked produced series test tubes filled bright red color indicating complete step system later fully automated inclusion auto designated model mid large scale synthesis history large scale synthesizers developed capabilities instrument platform mid scale synthesizers appeared late 1980s manufactured company platform originally designed synthesizer use bed essential swelling characteristics supports synthesis involved use controlled glass rigid support suited column described scale limited flow rate required support novel designs higher normal pressures enabled achieve scales prepare mid 1990s companies developed platforms based semi liquid systems suited column approach cases required augment number delivered column synthesis requires minimum liquid usually accommodate easy design task semi automatic strategies worked modifications equipment companies developed synthesizers liquid technologies companies develop large scale synthesizer ground synthesizer initial platform called large scale synthesizer utilized large liquid columns material synthesis factories designed manufactured custom platforms little known designs design continued refined continued synthesizer scaled platform providing amounts synthetic current practices synthesis modified large scale recently reviewed synthesis miniature multi plate physical wells plastic walls intentionally removed respect chemistry synthesis different conventional synthesis respects remain permanently attached solid phase requires use stable conditions final procedure absence physical sites occupied individual limited space surface sequence occupies square requirement high fidelity synthesis use site selective techniques approach removal group effected generation acid required site approach uses protecting group removed light post synthetic processing completion chain assembly solid support bound fully protected group protected group protected groups groups bases protected protecting groups functional protecting groups removed base protection protection removed simultaneously treatment bases method limited fact protection gives rise product strong basic conditions required removal protection capable bases primarily position respective michael reaction formation products avoided treating solid support bound solutions bases organic instance treatment strongly recommended large scale preparations optional small scale concentration generated mixture low regardless protecting groups removed solid support bound general approaches group removed end chain assembly released solid phase base treatment commonly solutions primary ambient elevated temperature removes remaining protection groups resulting reaction mixture containing desired product contains protected protocol includes second step protecting groups removed treatment methods fully product desired number methods commonly crude product precipitation size exclusion reverse phase eliminate unwanted products exchange followed second approach intended method reverse phase case group serves handle kept end synthesis basic conditions described reverse phase collected material acidic conditions small scale treatment acid min room temperature followed reaction mixture finally product described applications additional reporter groups attached variety post synthetic procedures characterization organic compound characterize synthetic preparation complex cases research large scale characterized ultimate approach characterization relatively inexpensive routine procedure considerations cost reduction use routine manufacturing day day practice sufficient obtain molecular mass recording mass spectrum methods currently widely characterization mass matrix assisted laser time flight mass obtain important exchange metal present sample prior submitting sample analysis methods spectrum given generates set correspond different states compound molecular mass generates masses molecular mass form free acid negative charges groups state atomic mass hydrogen useful characterization ranging software supplied recently manufactured instruments capable performing procedure finds peaks belong set derives molecular mass obtain detailed information profile liquid mass mass


description cabinet collection large volumes written working life continued volumes death colleagues led bernard books cover known natural sciences time including called material science physics chemistry technology natural history animals work description cabinet work remembered worked years initially office tour saint louis library volumes came followed death thanks bernard includes knowledge available time natural sciences broad term includes disciplines today called material science physics chemistry technology notes morphological similarities men considered completely devoid ability think sharply human beings attention internal anatomy early comparative les est fond nature wrote interior living things foundation nature design meant address natural history actually covers minerals birds animals accompanied theory earth way introduction including written account nature cover wide range topics example sur style discourse style morale essay moral louis jean marie assisted worked birds joined saint fond abbot charles descriptive des work jean attached importance illustrations illustrated illustrated birds nearly plates work representing animals care given aesthetics accuracy mythological settings minerals collaborated saint fond louis bernard provided sources mineral volumes met immense success great came period volumes description cabinet reprinted times weeks appeared volumes volumes followed des volumes volumes birds volumes minerals including work published lifetime volumes including nature initially printed volumes bought rights work continued bernard described egg laying snakes fishes volumes assisted work charles louis jean marie louis saint fond louis bernard bernard jean charles approach group introduced general essay followed article pages animal item article wolf begins claim animals specially strong appetite flesh asserts animal naturally coarse need hardy necessity driven hunger language instance elegant elaborate ornate criticised fellow academics writing purely work little real scientific value species named greek latin italian spanish german english swedish polish descriptions species ray animal cited text written continuous essay sections identification distribution behaviour expected natural histories parts concern human responses animal example wolf likes human flesh strongest wolves eat measurements included case wolf separate measurements pre revolutionary french feet inches starting length body measured straight line end muzzle feet inches length largest claws given lines wolf illustrated standing farmland complete skeleton standing stone landscape account species occupies pages including illustrations editions original edition continued original edition comprised volumes divided following series edited volumes lifetime soon death fifth final volume des appeared des seventh final volume published posthumously hands continued dealt animals months death published continuation volume des reptiles egg laying year wrote second volume snakes published french revolution brought volume des use notes collections left wrote des printed point contained volumes forming definitive edition variations editions edition format printed volumes consisted volumes par volumes containing articles louis jean marie dropped merged relevant articles main volumes published editions format occupying volumes depending included anatomy print format original work occupied volumes anatomy volumes anatomy continuation took volumes edition des birds produced volumes engraved hand coloured plates executed personal supervision louis cousin brother law principal collaborator translations translated languages including english german swedish russian italian translations partial single volumes volumes certain date reprinted translation different additional text example insects new illustrations end eighteenth century start nineteenth century presenting complicated publication history early translations necessarily earlier volumes given complexity catalogue dates single volumes taken approximate published early translation volume horse london bell published translation volumes london william published edition edinburgh davies published edition london edition published dublin year son perth edinburgh london published edition published translation notes william london volumes published london published version including natural history insects taken elegant wood volumes appeared german translations include published joseph samuel italian translations include published translated french swedish publishing russian version general natural history count brought imperial academy sciences children edition children published frederick london contents volume original edition arranged follows natural history description king cabinet volume premier second volume des volume iii description cabinet volume sur nature des les volume volume iii les volume vii les volume viii volume volume vii volume viii volume volume volume nomenclature des des volume des birds volume volume volume iii volume volume volume volume vii volume viii volume des minerals volume volume volume iii volume volume volume servant suite introduction des volume servant suite des parties volume iii servant suite des volume servant suite volume des nature volume servant suite des volume vii servant suite des des des egg laying snakes volume reptiles des volume reptiles des des fish volume volume volume iii volume volume des volume reception contemporary distinctly mixed reception eighteenth century wealthy homes england france purchased copies edition sold weeks criticised priests suggesting essay les nature volume earth years old mountains arisen geological time cites evidence fossil sea shells found tops mountains claim seen biblical account book genesis disagreed system classifying plants described view premier concept species entirely artificial real entity nature individual taxonomy based number flower mere counting despite training mathematics bearing nature paris faculty theology acting official censor wrote list statements contradictory roman_catholic_church teaching replied believed firmly biblical account creation able continue printing book remain position leader old school complete job director royal botanical garden death year old celebrated words time dead buried soon french revolution went sweeping away old attitudes natural history modern philosophy stanford encyclopedia philosophy calls major work observing addressing history earth broke counter factual tradition presented secular account origins earth life forms view work created age defining natural history discourse method unlike start work argued repeated observation lead greater certainty knowledge mathematical analysis nature led natural history away natural theology british john ray offered new style position evolution complex noted volume comparative anatomy horse species transform initially rejected possibility changed definition species fixed universal class change definition historical succession ancestor descendant linked material connection generation identified ability mate produce fertile offspring horse produce sterile hybrids seen species similar anatomy fact leaves open possibility evolution style botanist writes prose purple ideas hidden observing contemporary academic opinion notes radical ideas found work invisible given language quotes dramatic description lion view emphasized lion bearing personality text illustration reader left doubt importance character animal concludes wonder aristocratic public text reads like romantic novel dry scientific treatise evolutionary thought evolutionary biologist comments monumental fascinating dealt manner problems subsequently raised written brilliant style work read french numerous translations educated person europe argued virtually known writers enlightenment calls father thought natural history second half eighteenth century notes certainly responsible creating great interest natural history france agrees thought hard classify self contradictory forced avoid writing opinions openly argues fully aware possibility common descent author articulate clearly quoting length starting ass horse man animals regarded single family later man common origin power nature sufficient time able single derive organized beings notes immediately rejects suggestion offers arguments new species arisen historical times hybrid firmly separates species animals intermediate horse seen fossil record


invisible hand spectacular spider man invisible hand sixth episode animated television series spectacular spider man based comic book character spider man created stan lee steve episode follows spider man faces like suit super strength personal life alter ego peter parker spider man tries ask daily worker betty upcoming fall formal high school invisible hand written matt wayne directed dave wayne written episode spectacular spider man directed direct video superhero film justice league new frontier brown voiced episode cast creators felt transition character personalities originally aired april kids block network received generally positive reviews television critics plot summary preparing attach alex body modeled wary going experiment forces activate body attached suit given strength peter parker daily trying ask betty school fall formal despite year age difference finally agrees consider peter realizes need money date tells best friend harry plans school day peter receives text message aunt having lunch betty flash thompson gives peter peter runs storms main office aunt betty having lunch demands tells peter knows peter photographs spider man spots peter hiding arriving lies knowing peter spider man costume engages fight wonders big man like organizing spider man large scale brawl city soon realizes needs constantly order fight steam tunnel breaks pipes passes accidentally mentions big man man named lincoln peter goes claims hiding time betty pulls aside tells simply old date sorry peter remembers said asks reporter knows reporter tells thompson lincoln philanthropist rumored dangerous crime lord night peter goes lincoln office spider man find rumors true lincoln prefers called incredible strength suggests work fighting crime like usual turning head comes crimes spider man refuses runs peter gets home depressed aunt insists gets dressed formal explains arranged mary jane watson peter thinks turn plain girl descriptions aunt given arrives learns attractive girl production invisible hand written matt wayne wayne previously written episode natural selection went write persona dave directed animated feature film justice league new frontier directed episode title episode follows education peter parker scheme developer producer spectacular spider man created naming scheme second story arc season refers economics scene cut episode written recorded scene featured looking phone book individuals named peter parker tri state area storms peter james parker kevin michael richardson blind elderly african american player accusing peter parker looking man outraged asks look like photographer furious peter tri state area upset removed called hilarious casting director easily picked brown role explains knew require voice strength menace isn knew cast acting comic timing character usual dumb worked brown previously knew able nail able tough low voice turn dangerous comedic brown sought reflect simplistic thinking style voice believes played william glass key simpler character simpler thought process means motivation complicated mad happy angry sad hungry gets ego brown considers performance perfectly portrayed type character release reception invisible hand originally broadcast april kids block network week hiatus spectacular spider man followed airing available dvds spectacular spider man volume paired market forces competition spectacular spider man animated series complete season episode received generally positive reviews television critics ign gave episode impressive writing episode began things certainly got interesting half surprise introductions praised fight sequences unveiling mary jane concluded review writing testament exactly right peter parker everyday persona integral story actually curious dance goes sean magazine gave episode wrote thought premise pleased portrayal enjoyed change big man identity comics reporter named found humorous reporter tell peter big man rumored ultimate disney reviewer luke include episode episodes spectacular spider man season feel point uniform excellence lot makes challenging task

The Invisible Hand (The Spectacular Spider-Man)


natural selection spectacular spider man natural selection episode animated television series spectacular spider man based comic book character spider man created stan lee steve episode spider man face lab professor designed missing arm natural selection written matt wayne known work justice league unlimited time spectacular spider man david directed natural selection originally aired march kids block network met overwhelmingly positive reviews critics praise action sequences narrative direction new design plot summary patrol spider man stops group thieves breaking simultaneously spider man takes pictures daily happily leaves makes home times discovers developing photos aid arm arm knowing experimented wife martha furious school peter attacked water balloons flash thompson sidekick kenny realizes reveal secret identity spider man gwen steps gets laugh flash instead gwen peter lab help eddie clean previous battle electro martha announces arm grown celebrate realize scales growing arm determining half brain taking peter tries comfort son billy gets interrupted transforms runs eddie goes pursuit peter manages slip goes spider man trying communicate end subway train fighting inside outside underneath finally spider man falls train escapes spider man returns lab given gene martha administered goes zoo reportedly spider man enters room taken refuge knocks eddie arrives help regains consciousness spider man comes plan trick polar bear pond succeed alerted spider man ringing billy arrives tries talk sense father useless spider man leaps pond spider man mouth result returns normal arm lost day peter gets photos published gets money needs gwen eddie find outraged ran simply pictures lost trust martha understands difficult choices peter fires secretly grabs gene returns home frustrated reputation blaming events gave powers sees photo ben realizing saved way decides spider man needed hides desk production natural selection episode written matt wayne wayne wrote episodes season invisible hand persona david episode director bradley baker voice actor animated series video games continued role episode originally broadcast march kids programming block network disney premiered spectacular spider man march aired natural selection previous episodes survival interactions cultural references spectacular spider man producers came continuing title scheme follows education peter parker episode titles survival interactions natural selection follow biology theme peter spider episode incorporates bullet time moments style employed matrix films reception natural selection received critical acclaim ign gave great praised design calling visually familiar villain introduced called fight sequences great especially climactic fight spider man called peter loss eddie trust classic peter parker win scenario episode great job blending normal spider man parts peter life season senior editor magazine gave episode writing nice update original torn pants shirt lab coat praised design spider man spider man new animated series wait action figure guy like enjoyed action style fight sequences original comic book appearance

Natural Selection (The Spectacular Spider-Man)


uncertainty principle spectacular spider man uncertainty principle ninth episode animated television series spectacular spider man based comic book character spider man created stan lee steve originally aired kids programming block network episode chronicles spider man halloween final battle villain green finally discovers villain true identity air_force colonel john attempts land badly damaged space craft earth episode written kevin directed dave researched available comic books featured green order prepare episode uncertainty principle served conclusion green storyline season supposed revelation identity episode later second season finale final curtain writers planned series began uncertainty principle available volume dvd set series complete season box set episode received generally positive critical response television critics reviewers singled elements halloween motif mary jane vampire costume plot summary night halloween green gases kidnaps taking steel mill tries convince join ranks refuses loyalty lies solely big man later confronts steals jump drive carrying declaring later night sails spider man spots begin reveals possesses jump drive stolen later night kicking spider man tries catch notices friend harry apartment spots harry father norman coming secret norman spider man forced slip harry walks misses harry drinking experimental drug like formula short later peter parker calls harry invites street halloween carnival gwen mary jane liz harry accepts invitation way carnival peter attempts sell spider man photographs daily editor refuses tells try selling globe breaks norman talking investor steals prototype peter arrives carnival dressed spider man assumes costume peter slips spotting fireworks caused sky follows steel mill finds enter find suspended metal reveals jump drive fake focus spider man forced team fight villain accusing norman spider man fires villain bombs leg escapes injured spider man follows apartment injured takes mask revealed harry harry collapses norman spider man agree arrange disappearance taking harry extended leave school receive special help day peter learns mary jane transferred high school earth routine space mission crew colonel john ship hit shower john struggles ship safely earth eventually succeeds landing cape day learns globe cover story featuring peter photos story john heroic space journey infuriated decides meet public demand publishing new cover story questioning spider man hero menace john interviewed shuttle hangar spots mysterious black shuttle production uncertainty principle written kevin directed dave originally aired kids block eastern pacific time proceeded repeat episode marked introduction green series episode title uncertainty principle expands series theme education peter parker chosen developer episodes season arc shared naming scheme based chemistry previously written animated series buzz star command justice league duck researched episode reading available comic book featured green notes consider green truly brilliant thought things far advance steps ahead think writing trying mind going fight sequence spider man paid close attention detailed order better grasp different stakes episode served conclusion green storyline season started climax spider man supposedly discovers harry time stealing experimental formula second season finale final curtain revelation explain norman fact actual green pitted blame son learning taking formula secretly episode revealed norman secretly raising suspicion writers planned revelation series began uncertainty principle available dvd spectacular spider man volume march alongside episodes reaction volume featured episodes detailed green prominent character uncertainty principle available season dvd box set entitled spectacular spider man complete season dvd review featured episode season series reception uncertainty principle received critical acclaim ign gave episode great rating enjoyed mary jane sexy vampire uniform large way battle spider man writing hell fun fight amazing opted supposed reveal true identity possibly false based original comic book story noted hatred spider man formed episode best way portrayed writing dvd talk reviewer considered setting episode halloween nice touch tim named best episodes season describing halloween episode complete gothic setting ultimate disney reviewer luke include episode episodes spectacular spider man season feel point uniform excellence lot makes challenging task

The Uncertainty Principle (The Spectacular Spider-Man)


market forces spectacular spider man market forces fourth episode animated television series spectacular spider man based comic book character spider man created stan lee steve episode spider man hunted suit allows fire intense sonic market forces written andrew robinson directed dan incorporated computer generated imagery sonic mixed traditional animation style secret identity completely changed original comic book appearance design stayed close original costume episode originally broadcast march kids block network received generally positive reviews television critics ign praised imagery storytelling magazine said interesting continue high hopes future episodes characters villains plot summary montana steal powered suit armored tri truck guards montana hands insists montana suit complete big man contract kill spider man day peter parker gets town spider man unaware montana men watching hangs harry apartment discussing upcoming fall formal receives mail daily informing peter wants purchase photos spider man leaves promises help harry later building mistakenly kicks peter realizing pays makes exit building heading peter hears alarm coming investigates ends trap attacked sonic montana wearing suit calling close moving kill bait alex accidentally gives spider man time recover knocks machine satisfied leaves helicopter spider man survives torn day school harry outraged missing studying peter goes replace check assistant editor joe suggests getting better camera takes photo spider man covered garbage peter submission peter goes partner flint spider man defeats tells inform wants rematch peter makes home time spots aunt struggling bills use money buy new camera goes school day finds harry furious studying arrangements night tells big man displeased failure peter unsuccessfully tries ask assistant betty entire city peter spider man discovers leaving trail leads condemned theater fight spider man unsuccessfully tries find hired finally bringing building defeating harry returns home father norman tells responsibility study norman goes meet revealing helped steal suit tri company competitor talks speaker phone big man wants create new return funding house peter sends photos tries aunt money insists uses buy new camera production market forces written andrew robinson directed dan style traditional animation computer generated imagery produce green sonic beams original comic book publications secret identity man named spectacular spider man changed identity montana comics prominent character montana allowed writers come completely new origin suit generally comic books extra features including voice provided veteran voice performer jeff bennett cultural references producers series came idea title scheme arc market forces arc scheme economics line episode asks deep location trench ninth circle hell comparisons reception market forces originally broadcast march kids block network received generally positive reviews television critics ign gave episode wrote change fun episode great example enjoyed design felt stayed true original design intrigued changing secret identity praised usage cgi portrayal peter life cool ending sean senior editor magazine gave episode said change secret identity saves writers having come completely different origin character pretty second tier villain wrote having norman making deal produce new extremely useful convention allows introduction creation enemies spider man fight

Market Forces (The Spectacular Spider-Man)


spectacular spider man seventh episode animated television series spectacular spider man based comic book character spider man created stan lee steve episode sees spider man trying stop green bombing dinner party filled high class new_york citizens night school big fall formal written andrew robinson directed series developer victor cook marked appearance green series villain design followed color scheme emphasizing color green based primarily initial designs alex ross character film spider man performers marshall began roles green mary jane watson respectively episode originally broadcast april following repeat episodes natural selection competition available volume dvd set series complete season box set ranked highest rated children telecast morning aired received generally positive response television critics green appearance new personality split critics felt suitable comic appearance plot summary night high fall formal harry arrives date glory football players dates stretch friend gwen tries greet ignores goes way soon peter parker arrives attractive date mary jane watson introduces group flash thompson tries ruin date mentioning bet peter mary jane unscathed idea bet goes dance harry goes drinks glory getting boyfriend furious goes locker drinks green formula mysterious halloween themed green purple named green breaks laboratory late night steals pieces equipment including equipment flies attacks group thieves working crime lord big man uses stolen money incentive work accept armed personal terrorists crashes holds black tie dinner party orchestrated big man alter ego philanthropist thompson lincoln lincoln unimpressed guards terrorists defeated easily air_force colonel john tries fight taken peter contacted daily photographs hold party forced leave mary jane understands job peter arrives party spider man greeted lincoln spider man thinks simply working big man confirmed briefly tries convince spider man join turned green makes mission kill proceed fight spider man shoots web immediately web fluid pursued streets green finally defeats wrapping explains bomb hidden black tie event spider man returns find john bomb hidden spider man launches bomb sky explodes spider man goes arrest green mysteriously disappeared dance harry group outside assumption abandoned harry showed harry hiding wall near takes drink formula walking soon peter returns find dance abandoned mary jane dancing boy mary jane walks tells saved dance production catalyst written andrew robinson directed victor cook producer developer spectacular spider man originally aired kids block april eastern pacific time parental guidance rating preceded repeats episodes natural selection competition new episode series air week hiatus following episode invisible hand episode title expands series theme education peter parker chosen developer episodes season arc shared naming scheme based chemistry green costume mainly designed original comic book appearance basic structure based initial designs drawn alex ross appeared film spider man alterations resemble medieval clothing suit displays color green cook broad color scheme series symbolize negative situations peter life positive settings occurrences peter biology class feature key colors like yellow green voiced steve starred different video games animated series voice actor time episode broadcast star titular character forthcoming animated series men network mary jane voiced marshall marshall voice acted animated series video games starring commercials screen roles performing stand comedy marshall filming commercial agent called confirm landed role mary jane simply saying hello mary jane marshall dropped knees began worried producers commercial marshall mother voiced spider woman original 1980s spider man animated series marshall interest spider man dated reading comic books youth character marshall noted incredibly complex strength plays major peter growth maturation keeps straight narrow characters high school cartoon going lot character development point series know going future effect play available dvd spectacular spider man volume march alongside episodes reaction uncertainty principle volume featured episodes detailed green prominent character available season dvd box set entitled spectacular spider man complete season dvd review featured episode season series reception initial broadcast met season high nielsen ratings meeting demographics ranking highest rated children telecast network morning episode received generally positive reception television critics ign gave impressive writing best episodes fun involving installment gave mixed response green noting bit hyper sensitive portrayed considering design similar comics exact version considered character personality bit evocative iconic villain batman comics believed worked topic mary jane praised like stan lee created quick fun loving girl applauded mysterious factors green true identity sean editor magazine gave episode wrote review early years comic books handled superb noted storyline peter mary jane going fall formal nostalgic old comic books pair involved current publications similar applauded mystery true identity described bait switch writing dvd talk wrote catalyst fun episode teen school dance bit ultimate disney reviewer luke include episode episodes spectacular spider man season feel point uniform excellence lot makes challenging task


reaction spectacular spider man reaction eighth episode american animated television series spectacular spider man based comic book character spider man created stan lee steve episode originally broadcast united_states kids block rated episode details accidental laboratory incident caused green radiation merges special mechanical skin seemingly damaged brain later suggested interpreted brain damage fact mind accommodate extra limbs turns weak scientist villain octopus reaction directed episode series written writing challenged staying true original material spider man particularly octopus reaction received generally positive reviews television critics octopus portrayal octopus character design applauded designers noted design allowed direct freely different manners arms particular particularly peter voiced character voice inspired late actor available volume dvd set series complete season box set plot summary tries complain boss norman dangers recent experiments performing create super villains laboratory quickly backs goes work inside experimentation chamber departs villain green lab chamber generators locking inside unsuccessfully trying escape chamber radiation emitted mechanical wearing skin arrive scene turn generator spider man jumps help wreckage doctor wakes attacks wall spider man tries intervene aside declaring octopus steals power battery storms building extra limbs day peter gwen harry harry new popular friends island harry newfound strength liz begins attach peter fun time peter spots octopus group pursue spider man spider man follows octopus attempts steal power pack vault spider man gets power source runs octopus pursuing hoping cause doctor run energy reach island ensuing brawl octopus aware spider man desire save innocent lives kidnaps liz hour energy left climbs roller coaster forcing spider man choose power pack liz spider man throws pack air rescuing liz gets close octopus power pack able away successfully defeating doctor peter returns group discovers liz breaking boyfriend flash thompson gets jealous spent day close peter gwen approaches peter agree need talk harry attitude constant strange behavior production reaction written directed originally aired kids block eastern pacific time parental guidance rating episode title reaction expands series theme education peter parker chosen developer episodes season arc shared naming scheme based chemistry episode series penned said opportunity work series thrilling bit primarily elevated expectations high profile established franchise meet expectations followed simplistic strategy history listen direction guidance write episode good entertaining story packed action humor minutes allow writing octopus particular difficult time writer range character reaction marked appearance octopus noted enthusiasm character particularly design given noteworthy praise arms amazing timing good think feel impact arms believes people connect character different levels similarly sean character designer series said probably favorites designed peter cast play octopus starred primetime television series including chicago hope boston legal veteran voice acting profession animated series wild buzz star command chose base octopus voice 1940s actor short lived career challenged lost weight died age notes mimic quality voice gave model reaction available dvd spectacular spider man volume march alongside episodes uncertainty principle volume featured episodes detailed green prominent supporting character reaction available season dvd box set entitled spectacular spider man complete season dvd featured episode season series reception reaction received generally positive response critics ign giving episode impressive wrote favorably noting depiction octopus clever hand norman got brief look anger imagined attacking norman robotic applauded octopus line good spider man crashes stuffed animals pulled octopus manner similar carnival game concluded continues leave prime time live action shows shame comes building serialized stories pleasant surprises season luke ultimate disney listed reaction favorite episodes season commenting uniform excellence lot makes challenging task writing dvd talk reviewer opined episode particularly action packed rob described octopus introduction explosive praising balancing heavy workload episode series


competition spectacular spider man competition fifth episode animated television series spectacular spider man based comic book character spider man created stan lee steve spider man face petty manipulate sand body competition written kevin directed respective roles previously interactions victor cook developer producer supervising director spectacular spider man thrilled use felt perfect character animation competition aired march kids block episode received warm reviews television critics ign wrote fight scenes greatest series time plot summary peter spider man effectively defeats common flint alex puts prison discussing outrage spider man bail paid outside inside tells big plans taking secret base day peter practices web bedroom aunt walks stops suggests takes neighbor mary jane watson upcoming fall formal peter idea heads school announced football practices held day harry wants try peter passes joining feels reveal abilities hears flash thompson planning specifically going harry decides safe try good harry coach player peter extra abilities norman arrives warehouse supervise experiment restrained given giving hardened armor says experiment flaws commands experiment violently body sand terrified thinks killed suddenly sand walls let outside able reform old appearance tell work big man decides leaves fine means distraction spider man bank spider man arrives immediately new powers finds web fluid defeating spider man escapes sewer drain accidentally mentioning big man day peter goes invited day harry harry upset invites players hang shop peter goes city bus sits gwen apologizes ignoring accepts hints fall formal clue tells going ask betty secretary daily departing bus peter goes spider man armored truck struggle truck goes control lands construction site spider man tries web proves ineffective slip villain starts attack spider man shop harry tries impress catching kenny girlfriend glory attention kenny plays prank harry glory asks harry home construction site spider man gets pile gets head roof cement nearby cement maker night harry comes home tell father tried football team unimpressed harry walks remarking tomorrow final day harry makes team peter purposely terrible doesn friend gwen cheers ice cream production written directed episode interactions respectively featured introduction villain electro crew excited working victor cook supervising producer story editor series thinks designed animation love ordinary sic motivation finds basically suddenly finds super powers john provided voice character thomas wilson known playing character future films began recurring role policeman stan carter comic books stan carter vicious serial killer sin youth oriented audiences highly unlikely series murdering alter ego competitions originally aired march kids block cultural references title episode economics title scheme arc episode fell inside pitched story editor producer spectacular spider man refers episode theme people competing glory scenes episode taken directly film spider man spider man leg sweep manner film flint transformation based executed manner film version transformation main focus episode features peter harry trying high school football origin incarnation shares similarities ultimate counterpart version sharing similarities comics film reception competition received television critics ign gave episode great enjoyed behavior favoring newfound powers money getting revenge spider man wrote episode delivered best fight scenes including spider man punching discover sand called favorite fight scene entire episode peter personal life portrayed wrote deal age old superhero conflict use powers help everyday ways right away

Competition (The Spectacular Spider-Man)


survival spectacular spider man survival pilot episode animated television series spectacular spider man based comic book character spider man created stan lee steve episode written directed series developers victor cook episode spider man faces evil vulture robert begins junior year high school sony entertainment originally conceived spectacular spider man series dvds asked cook develop central idea follow spider man younger years comics cook wanted incorporate styles early comic publications lee reviewers cited influences themes live action film series ultimate spider man continuity survival originally aired march kids block previously shown large audience episode highest rated program kids combined second episode interactions received nielsen rating received critics ign calling spider man story feels like classic spider man good thing plot night school starts spider man alter ego peter parker attempted bank robbery background figure tells summon kill spider man day aerodynamic engineer named adrian robert outraged stealing anti gravity project norman arrives escorted security turns declares longer blames theft work peter arrives school tells friends gwen harry james arnold taylor determined date flash thompson school peter gwen offered connor lab given accept peter goes harry apartment norman newfound career going vulture breaks wearing suit built metallic wings anti gravity technology incorporated kidnaps norman peter slips don spider man costume pursues vulture succeeds rescuing norman loses vulture fight later peter goes lab meets gwen close friend eddie benjamin finds paid tries sell pictures daily publisher kicked near immediately night norman attacked vulture spider man tries stop fired distract vulture chases norman pursued follows vulture ends defeating getting assassins returns home aunt gives ensure doesn come home late gives slice pie production spectacular spider man originally conceived sony entertainment series animated dvds chronicled spider man character youth company brought victor cook help development critical success series cook worked animated features spider man fans decades wanted incorporate early stages comic stan lee steve character younger stages cook agreed type adaptation character influences style ultimate spider man comics live action film comic publications idea changed animated television series kept similar chronicle style episode stands story like comic book saga episodes story episodes dvd releases original title series amazing spider man based spider man comic publication title changed spectacular spider man spider man comic series prepared role story editor new series going purchasing seven volumes essential spider man previously read child read order voice early stories took extensive notes given specific budget cook wanted allow animation giving simple stylistic designs sam director spider man live action films set bar fluent movement styles spider man cook complete agreement incorporating series designing vulture employed dark green shades original design color use thematically villains negative aspects peter life touches blood like red wings employed style comic book counterpart steering don air born describes vulture voiced robert iconic portrayal horror film character survival written directed cook episode originally aired march kids block network previously shown packed audience forced stand creators members crew took stage answer questions disney premiered series aired episode following interactions natural selection march cultural references survival follows title scheme given follows education peter parker episode beginning arc season titles based biology scene episode spider man catches norman mid air makes sarcastic comments vulture guys play hot potato hardcore right rent skies described comic mix reviewer attitude bugs reception original broadcast survival received nielsen rating considered high american television rating mark timeslot season increase previous week key kids received rating increase previous week mark demographic airing episode received positive reviews critics ign reviewer gave episode rating commenting literally jam packed classic spider man characters spider man story feels like classic spider man praised 1960s inspired style described humor legitimately fight sequences enjoyed fight sequences spider man faces vulture fancy dan gave sound design teams distinctive noises vulture motors animation style sean senior edit magazine gave survival wrote spider man cartoon ages ranges said enjoyed usage different spider man villains point watching episode twice vulture favorite commented episode pretty cool went praise voice cast including performance vulture like commented favorably animation style classic comic stories said bit level spider man fan

Survival of the Fittest (The Spectacular Spider-Man)


francis birch francis birch august january american considered founders solid earth known atomic bombing hiroshima nagasaki world war birch participated manhattan_project working design development gun type nuclear weapon known little boy oversaw manufacture went supervise assembly loading gay boeing tasked dropping bomb graduate harvard_university birch began working research assistant subsequently spent entire career harvard working field associate professor geology professor professor geology professor emeritus birch published papers developed known birch equation state demonstrated earth mantle chiefly composed minerals inner outer core iron papers wave established called birch law early life albert francis birch born washington august son george albert birch involved banking real estate mary birch church choir singer matthew cathedral washington younger brothers david banker john diplomat robert songwriter educated washington schools western high school joined high school cadets birch entered harvard_university scholarship served harvard reserve officers training corps field artillery battalion graduated cum received bachelor science degree electrical engineering birch went work engineering department new_york telephone company applied received american field service fellowship travel study university physique wrote wrote papers french topics properties potassium magnetic moment returning united_states birch went harvard pursue physics awarded master arts degree commenced work doctor philosophy degree supervision receive nobel prize physics thesis birch measured liquid critical point mercury determined cm2 results published physical review time increased interest harvard_university established committee experimental geology included louis chemist william students hired committee research associate having little interest study rocks resigned position offered birch little interest experience geology advent great depression jobs hard find accepted july birch married barbara college descendant theologian william children anne francis frank mary frank later professor university new_hampshire world war world war birch took leave absence harvard order work massachusetts institute technology radiation laboratory developing radar worked proximity radar triggered explode shell proximity target following year accepted commission united_states_navy lieutenant commander posted bureau ships washington later year assigned manhattan_project moved family los new_mexico joined los laboratory ordnance division command naval officer captain william parsons initially goal division design gun type nuclear weapon known thin man proved impractical contamination bred february division switched attention development little boy smaller device birch create scale models later scale mock ups device birch supervised manufacture little boy went supervise assembly loading gay boeing tasked dropping bomb devised double plug system allowed actually bomb gay took crashed nuclear explosion awarded legion merit citation read exceptionally conduct performance outstanding services government united_states connection development greatest military weapon time atomic bomb initial assignment instrumentation laboratory field tests carried assignment outstanding fashion placed charge engineering development atomic bomb carried assignment outstanding judgment skill finally went bomb advanced base care leadership bomb adequately prepared respect commander birch engineering ability understanding principles involved professional skill devotion duty development delivery atomic bomb outstanding keeping highest traditions united_states naval service post war birch returned harvard war ended having promoted associate professor geology away remain harvard rest career professor professor geology professor emeritus professor birch published papers adapted equation state developed strain finite strain developing known birch equation state albert francis birch known experimental work properties earth forming minerals high pressure temperature published known paper journal research demonstrated mantle chiefly composed minerals upper lower mantle separated thin transition zone associated phase transitions inner outer core iron conclusions accepted correct today famous portion paper humorous included introduction readers warning ordinary language undergoes modification high pressure form applied interior earth examples follow birch published papers wave establishing linear relation wave velocity rocks minerals constant average atomic weight formula density formula formula relationship known birch law birch elected national academy sciences served president geological society america received numerous honors career including geological society america arthur day medal medal american union william medal national medal science president johnson prize shared sir edward gold medal royal astronomical society international association advancement high pressure research medal american union section sponsored francis birch lecture given annual meeting noted researcher field birch died cancer home cambridge massachusetts january survived wife barbara children brothers papers harvard_university archives

Geologists, geophysicists and mineralogists


rice northwest museum rocks minerals rice northwest museum rocks minerals non profit museum oregon united_states located north sunset highway northern edge earth science museum portland metropolitan area opened museum collections date 1930s museum housed home built display rock mineral collections museum founders ranch style home listed national_register_of_historic_places kind listed oregon museum sits wooded acres main building containing square feet space collections include wood fossils minerals variety minerals specimens museum largest kind pacific_northwest facility visitors year school tours history richard rice married helen hart couple began rock collecting finding oregon coast built new home north acres later house museum founded museum display collections collections won trophy years row gem mineral led trophy retirement helen served president american federation societies established non profit museum richard helen rice died home passing non profit museum estate rice northwest museum rocks minerals officially opened june pieces john collection gold added museum facility opened exhibit dedicated arts time museum grown items museum opened new gallery january feature wood named curator june replacing harvey laboratory portland state university loaned museum exhibit funded nasa attendance grown north_america research group unearthed remains period central oregon museum plans displaying fossils studied later square foot northwest minerals gallery opened museum renovations totaling museum received visitors year mainly school groups august museum opened retail gift shop streets shopping center closed december economic recession satellite gift shop temporary endeavor designed help drive traffic museum museum collections grown specimens visitors annually coming school field trips stepped curator brown taking position brown left julian gray hired executive director curator collections museum largest kind pacific_northwest items specimens come world personally unearthed bill record named museum having best mineral specimens pacific_northwest collections include minerals fossils artifacts include diamonds fossils include shark teeth wood dinosaur eggs baby dinosaur genus display features version natural state finished specimens museum microscope gallery rainbow gallery designed showcase rocks minerals elements allow glow dark automated system uses lighting cycle includes lights rocks large portion wood comes collection dennis mary murphy collection excess items includes log white oak weighing pounds combined rice museum existing pieces log eastern oregon estimated lived million years ago wood specimens come oregon washington far away argentina australia fossils include main attraction alma rose sweet home colorado alma rose includes crystals measuring length highlights owned alma king sold piece company donated denver natural history museum stones purchased couple specimens include mines arizona museum collection gold pieces john collection featuring items leaf pieces mined ace diamonds liberty washington museum pieces russia considered finest world individual items display include pound piece lightweight volcanic rock specimen display centimetres wide plate clear crystals crystals measuring large translucent comes green monster mountain alaska prince wales island collection includes fossil dating era weighs pounds weighs pounds came african nation world largest known filled weighing tons housed museum oregon state rock items include oregon amber copper crystals programs rice museum offers variety public programs including hands classes children participants rocks hosts annual summer festival events cutting demonstrations gold facility hosted northwest fossil museum offers tours school groups youth programs handling multiple groups day children school tours select stone home pile outside museum open wednesday sunday facilities museum grounds located north sunset highway west portland road jackson school road exits situated acres forested land museum housed historic richard helen rice house built single family residence completed home built arizona exterior wood native oregon including maple william designed structure victor building home charles designed grounds wood logged richard rice living logging contractor wood home designed allow basement serve museum collections structure contains sandstone finished hand painted tiles mexico inside trim doors bedroom constructed shelves boards built inside level building amenities room outside cedar low pitched roof line building exterior sandstone tan rose blue color square feet home square feet basement cost build original wool use home original features museum logo pick ranch style home ranch home listed national_register_of_historic_places oregon addition house basement museum uses separate building gallery building northwest gallery storage shop looks similar rice house gallery focuses items oregon idaho washington includes collections gold rocks minerals housed glass cases walls basement opening public elevator added home museum includes arts gallery gallery wood gallery gallery crystal gallery northwest gallery fossil gallery educational room gift shop outside grounds include walk features sandstone columns pile rocks children climb find stones walk includes pound rock

Rice Northwest Museum of Rocks and Minerals


december june businessman self taught earned nickname prophet endeavors oil business fortune partnered form city oil gas manufacturing company later established standard oil company early life born james sarah december pass texas family moved years old attended school reached fourth grade father direction youth violent pulling african americans seventeen pulled prank black baptist church got attention sheriff deputy deputy fired warning shot head fired delivered later turn fatal hit wounded deputy managed fire striking lower left arm arm later severely infected requiring elbow trial murder deputy found guilty jury perceived act self defense worked texas louisiana border apparently lack arm attended baptist revival meeting decision christian realizing lumber camps ideal place maintain good morality decided return texas establish businessman venture business ventured real estate money saved started manufacturing company manufacture bricks business sparked interest oil gas burn bricks evenly decided travel pennsylvania learn study geographical features signs presence underground oil studying geology dedicated finding clues reading united_states geological survey reports books find details learned reminded locals home referred sour hill mound place frequently brought sunday school students mound described sour unpleasant smell came springs convinced salt dome mound oil partnered george brien george emma john form city oil gas manufacturing company time formally trained dismissed idea finding oil gulf_coast region united_states personal integrity challenged local newspaper informal training geology influenced belief field contained oil presence mineral water gas managed convince partners proceed venture work began following year shallow drilling attempts failed locate oil shifting sands unstable clay hill held ownership land salt dome resigned company partnership anthony lucas unwilling hope striking oil placed numerous ads industrial magazines trade journals effort spark interests prospect hitting successful site man responded ads croatian american named anthony francis lucas lucas signed agreements city company june following year began drill lucas light equipment collapsed reaching feet failure exhausted partners finances lucas turned john james pittsburgh backing terms set forth held controlled funds limited lucas percentage cut small eliminated cut completely deal lucas late october help experienced crew drilling began time drilling newer heavier efficient type bit months work difficult maintaining drilling underground sands january tons inch drilling pipe began shoot hole sending fleeing safety shot oil feet high flowed estimated barrels day depth feet turns precise location initially predicted struck oil feet south dubbed lucas initial flow rate greater oil wells united_states combined day million barrels year operation million barrels following year effectively brought end john world monopoly lawsuit lucas city company sued lucas city oil gas manufacturing company royalties basis second lease invalid fact lease expired second enacted parties settled court formed oil fuel company located center company vulnerable takeover bids land enabled lumber baron businessman john henry overtake ownership purchasing shares company million maintained rights land establish standard oil company later established wells investors eccentric habit pulling interests leaving majority profits later life death lifestyle varied interests working diverse activities involved drafting work inventor artist engineer religious beliefs kept away public entertainment resorts maintaining strong belief selling alcohol addition residing owned estates houston san_antonio remained bachelor age adopted young woman named annie time years later married later children despite scandal died san_antonio june december months death actor robert cbs history series episode entitled great texas oil strike january mike cast captain lucas jean caroline lucas tyler mayor wheat william farmer world oil company evening articles incorporation world oil company


diamond diamond known diamond eye idol large diamond originated larger diamond 15th century india found located india originally cut india diamond temple near state india british east india company captured diamond anglo war sold british bridge bridge diamond way handle 1st westminster dress sword diamond imported united_states considered great diamonds world american harry acquired diamond paris france present flawless cut shape sold diamond new_york jewellery firm william leeds new_york received gem sixth anniversary present wore ring diamond sold auction new_york edward hand year old firm executive connecticut history diamond originated 15th century india date original cutting unknown original cutting performed india sacrificed size giving diamond form appearance similar diamond diamond adorned temple near india upper river priests diamond eventually acquired long term proximity british east india company empire india began anglo war war diamond disappeared temple war ended british east india company left decisively control india diamond quickly resurfaced possession independent indian prince handed diamond english colonel named turn delivered diamond francis hastings 1st hastings conducted military operations hastings delivered diamond east india company war east india company sent diamond england sold london diamond market london diamond market diamond presented approximately diamond great purity bad form having somewhat pear shape diamond characterised mass illustrations book diamond cuts historic jewelry semi triangular cut plateau similar looking diamond resides iranian crown despite appearance diamond sold pounds equivalent today bridge british jewellery firm based london bridge held diamond years time jewellery firm instructed diamond cutter closely possible traces hindu cutter defects pattern subject matter bridge resulted loss percent original weight diamond bridge sold diamond brothers pounds today years later brothers sold diamond public sale robert 1st westminster point mounted diamond handle dress sword diamond valued pounds today vast gain cut bridge lawsuit george named partner french jewellery house traced roots founding march duke westminster sell diamond george living united_states time diamond united_states tax free diamond determined artistic antiquity produced years prior date american dealer diamonds rival filed protest resulted lawsuit determine tax imposed diamond entry united_states november considered selling diamond friends general rivera planned diamond dictator occasion forthcoming marshal spain sale lawsuit continued diamond nearly lost theft occurred january gunmen robbed park avenue jewellery store diamond kept thieves missed finding diamond stored envelope robbery attempt jewellery firm opened branch new_york_city october met wall street crash end october compound matters gang international tried steal diamond missed prior outcome lawsuit diamond valued allowing inflation million million time lawsuit pending imported diamonds cut suitable use manufacture jewellery actually set jewellery subject tax value artistic produced years prior date imported united_states duty free having pay tax final decision lawsuit released june decision court determined diamond artistic antiquity suitable use manufacture jewellery particular court said diamond large diamond cut ordinary way result owed tax diamond value act harry influence diamond somewhat elongated triangle form rounded corners depth triangle thicker diamond flaw unusually brilliant cut display clear crystal exhibit world fair chicago illinois official guide book fair described diamond flawless white stone reputation finest diamond outside crown collections american harry acquired diamond paris france present flawless cut shape sold diamond new_york jewellery firm commander william leeds millionaire son inventor tin plating process friend george purchased diamond wife olive leeds born olive hamilton gave set ring sixth anniversary present present information early robert bob evaluated diamond institute america gem laboratory produce diamond grading report year diamond placed hands year old estate jewellery house located new_york institute america diamond grading report came diamond indicated internally flawless early april diamond rated thirty great stones world placed display galleries new_york_city april diamond sold auction allowing inflation million edward hand year old firm executive connecticut second highest auction price diamond time circa million taylor burton diamond years earlier years later diamond placed display november charity benefit means attract donors benefit december british midland purchased douglas aircraft months later plane united_kingdom diamond


trees crafts jewellery forests covered north island new_zealand european settlers caused causing areas revert sand dunes swamps afterward ancient fields continued provide source remaining forests formed trees leaked cracks bark exposure air commonly fell ground covered soil forest litter eventually formed branches trees damaged released uses uses called fresh type older mixing juice highly fire starter bound act torch burnt mixed animal fat dark pigment crafted jewellery small decorative items like amber includes insects plant material commercially considered type given way found particularly good exported london america tentative exports begun years earlier use marine fire export cargo australia found mix easily oil lower temperatures 1890s percent oil england limited extent late 19th century extensively manufacture 1930s market dropped synthetic alternatives found remained niche uses jewellery specialist high grade violins main export second half 19th century sustaining early growth city tons exported peak market tons exported year value average annual export tons average price gained ton appearance varied color depending condition original tree depended formed long buried colors ranged white red brown black prized pale gold hard translucent size varied greatly swamps tended yield small known chips tended produce larger majority size found weighed pounds largest reported weigh half shares characteristics amber found northern hemisphere amber dated millions year old carbon dating suggests age thousand years site original forests initially readily accessible commonly found lying ground captain cook reported presence beach mercury bay suspected came missionary samuel spoke presence surface lying picked people began digging yielded shallow buried swamps beaches buried men women dug old fields new_zealand end 19th early 20th centuries mainly term source nickname given new_zealand soldiers world war described life man worked old fields covered swamp digging population moving field field lived rough tents called house extremely hard work paid attracted european settlers including women children come work south island 1860s workers settlers income sent country resulting resentment local workforce industry act passed reserved grounds british subjects requiring licensed british subjects hold digging digging major source income settlers farmers worked winter months poor income land 1890s people engaged digging worked time digging restricted settlers workers rural areas families cross harbour ferry weekends dig fields causing damage public roads private farms leading local council management problem methods dug ground spears pointed rods probe defined blade edged cutting old wood roots soil retrieved need cleaned digging swamps complicated longer spear fitted hooked end cleared fire got control swamp fires burn weeks holes dug teams hills swamps deep wetlands drained aid excavation field scarce bush obtained purposely cutting bark trees returning months later retrieve hardened damage caused trees cutting practice banned state forests chips small useful manufacture difficult find process washing retrieve chips common process later merchants generally sold local transported generally sea sale merchants major export firms dealt employing workers graded export packing cases timber early 1830s 1840s merchants including gilbert logan campbell buying local ton trading goods majority exported america london distributed europe smaller amounts sent australia hong_kong japan russia


mineral belonging group chemical formula main industrial metal minor source lead dense mineral usually found form red crystals uncommon mineral formed lead ore deposits discovered mexico deposits unearthed south_america europe africa parts north_america origins uncommon mineral occurring result chemical alterations pre existing material known secondary mineral found arid climates forms primary lead minerals especially found association lead associated minerals include originally discovered mexico spanish del called mineral brown lead asserted contained new element named later later led believe new element merely form discovered new element named later revealed identical metal discovered earlier del del brown lead rediscovered mexico named high content names given lead occurrence occurs secondary mineral zone lead bearing deposits wall rock associated minerals include iron minerals deposits found worldwide including austria spain scotland mountains south_africa morocco argentina mexico states united_states arizona colorado new_mexico south deposits found mines world notable mines include morocco argentina sierra county new_mexico county arizona united_states structure lead chemical formula composed weight lead oxygen structural unit contains surrounded lead corners regular lead provided adjoining distance lead shortest distance lead shares opposite faces neighbouring units forming continuous chain surrounded oxygen corners irregular distance oxygen oxygen lead chain crystals conform system symmetry internal structure reflected external shape crystals crystals usually form short found rounded masses unit cell smallest unit possesses symmetry properties form unit cell composed molecules dimensions length height volume unit cell given formula sin characteristics group forms chemical series minerals form solid solutions chemical series involve metallic series groups common include calcium act substitute containing high known usually bright red orange red colour brown red brown grey yellow distinctive colour makes popular mineral collectors streak pale yellow brownish yellow transparent translucent range meaning properties differ measured different axes measured perpendicular parallel axis respectively gives producing small fragments fractured scale copper coin particularly heavy translucent mineral mass mole specific gravity range uses main industrial element extracted occasionally source lead common process begins heating salt produce dissolved water treated orange coloured melted form crude form reduction calcium gives pure


valley girls valley girls fourth episode second season television series gossip girl episode served pilot potential gossip girl spin series set 1980s entitled valley girls episode directed mark written savage episode series written filmed location new_york_city new_york los_angeles california references elements 1980s popular culture heavily episode producers hoped bridge generation gap characters audience valley girls aired united_states viewed live audience million americans episode received generally positive reviews spin series picked valley girls provides insight mysterious past character lily van der played kelly adult brittany snow teenager series flashbacks life teenager 1980s past lily runs away wealthy parents live san valley sister carol rhodes black sheep family present lily daughter van der blake lively rebels mother classmates prepare episode introduces main cast valley girls guest actors plot summary prove able handle affairs refuses leave jail lily caroline lily drops charges arrested matthew settle angry lily arrest dan penn taylor inform returned home proposing lily remained bedroom lily feuds telling jail encourages blair enjoy way blair chronicled couple plans hotel reservation blair dress suspects effort win blair denies involvement dan convinces allow pay bail escort plot walker blair royalty elections admits dan secretly altering blair night order recreate scenes blair blair feels dancing ends relationship end night blair explains completing high school feels like simply high school boyfriend girls growing crazy times like sisters lily apologizes expresses concern lily unpredictable like mother remains indifferent agrees return lily home episode dialogue objects prompt lily recall events arrest flashbacks seventeen year old lily rhodes brittany snow having deliberately gotten expelled school santa barbara california travels california meet father rhodes andrew mccarthy wealthy owner rhodes records sadly lily mother drove deal lily rejects idea lily living lily decides find sister carol lily carol aspiring actress rejected life moved year earlier san valley searching carol lily meets owen takes club find owen musician friend carol carol midst dispute keith van der matt rich antagonistic director music video carol stars headed party confront raising price holding video hostage lily asks carol simply use father company carol insists want know privileged background fight party security arrests owen lily carol manage escape jail lily calls calls daughters irresponsible carol come pay lily bail lily defend carol lifestyle carol takes phone lily informs lily moving takes lily city production valley girls doubles gossip girl episode pilot episode valley girls possible gossip girl prequel spin television series chronicle life lily rhodes attending high school living carol 1980s los_angeles discussion gossip girl spin began despite believing project unlikely gossip girl executives explored potential concepts including adaptation gossip girl book series spin girl felt girl world centered character stay boarding school small sustain television series concerned disrupting gossip girl chemistry taking away cast members december variety magazine reported gossip girl early stages development begun consider making pilot pilot allow company evaluate viewer interest spin saving money january green lit door pilot untitled spin series starring young lily van der concept based original idea gossip girl producers savage pilot episode eventually named valley girls written savage directed mark previously worked roles gossip girl pilot valley girls shot location new_york_city new_york los_angeles california beginning february flashbacks set apart present day scenes tone scene lily carries elaborate plan kiss boy lie order violate school honor code expelled cut final episode valley girls aired casting february guest star officially cast valley girls pilot brittany snow producers choice young lily rhodes offered role early february auditioning initially series producers wanted cast star role snow interested continuing film career viewing reel featuring snow work ranging savage found perfect pulled stops convince come ryan previously starred web series deemed performance likable way cast gossip girl spin march entertainment_weekly reported andrew mccarthy final talks join lily parents filling valley girls starring roles fashion music asked modern day audiences comfortable 1980s american culture replied lived era like gossip girl audience didn fascination like fascinated 70s sense connection era michael_jackson madonna broader pop culture references fashion driven especially appetite want deeper era way new_york character gossip girl 80s character valley girls producers worked incorporate 1980s fashion way felt fun definitely grounded reality tell dramatic stories styles featured constructed viewers distracted emotional scene characters wearing 1980s makeup shoulder pads addition makers wanted series feel like want fun young women inspired clothing styles featured spin gossip girl flashbacks valley girls lily dresses styles clothing appears upper crust riding outfit rich parents changes dress typical underground punk rock scene running away san valley snow describes little teased like like shields present day scenes blair attend designer dresses blair black gold gown spring collection wears pink dress christian spring collection cited episode scene example media formal dances says caused cost formal dances world rise songs featured valley girls taken los_angeles punk rock scene mainstream 1980s hits order represent worlds surrounding character lily rhodes jumping worlds important lily living sister valley kind hanging punk rock scene sister come wealthy family parents aligned pacific beverly_hills zero world struggle try figure kind world wants says savage music supervisor oversaw music selection episode exception wayne theme song featured valley girls released prior year lily flashbacks place savage explains makers hoped introduce modern audiences bands music known doubt makes uncredited guest appearance episode fictional band called play words doubt cameo band return music year hiatus doubt premiered cover adam ants stand deliver band new song years band performs sunset strip club lily meets carol time year pick rumors spin picked series began pilot premiered limited number spots available fall line seven series renewed season leaving spots open pick ups valley girls competed pilots promising shows wrote blog deadline hollywood despite enthusiasm executives went hot lukewarm fading wouldn count dead according eventually chose pick place beautiful life vampire diaries day fall schedule formally announced president entertainment dawn told reporters valley girls contention use midseason replacement said toughest year pick pilots good room midseason reality probably scripted drama going beat honesty think gossip girl love able find place season goes television press tour august asked series green lit said right explained believed valley girls episode pilot instead pilot potential series disadvantage hard everybody understand world like stated savage interested creating different gossip girl spin course open reception valley girls received generally positive comments reviewers guide enjoyed episode believed producers captured aspects popular 1980s teen culture times felt like trying hard throwing 80s montage 1980s outfits worn lily mentions mtv videos packs cube jane videos rate said won left showcase tim stack entertainment_weekly loved episode complimented casting choices agrees ends actual series need 80s references cinema blend said premise interesting valley girls potential strong hope decides pick fall dave new_york_times writes especially liked brittany snow young lily sister carol course retro soundtrack total trip review sites took issue episode script buddytv claimed cliché television pity found repetitive writing praised clothing styles called overall episode awesome fun sentimental sweet believed confrontation valley rich attendees keith party clearly giant dance friendly metaphor world graham film school rejects liked 1980s present day scenes separately overall effect showed attempt shows order save money proper pilot valley girls viewed live relatively small audience million united_states according nielsen_media_research notes gossip girl indicated way people watch television changing itunes episode ahead bigger shows streams high time shifting number like bigger audience nielsen numbers indicate


wrong goodbye gossip girl wrong goodbye episode television series gossip girl 22nd final episode fourth season episode directed patrick second finale series written marks second time filmed scene california wrong goodbye aired united_states viewed live audience million americans despite low ratings episode garnered positive reviews reviewers critics wrong goodbye picks previous episode left bass looks missing blair held hostage unstable russell michael erratic charlie rhodes escapes humiliation rejected dan penn van der blake lively reluctantly join forces discovering secret charlie behavior sparks unexpectedly turns event looking trouble makes final appearance exit noted highlight season critics praising acting phone conversation dan episode marks connor final appearance van der series finale plot discovering charlie taking medication reluctantly team find soon dan need asks blair ask charlie whereabouts blair old friends reveals blair left party accompanying apartment look blair confesses told mother death apologize blair held hostage russell hotel pretending escape calls phone revealing location russell explains reason kidnapping blair burn hotel drunk charlie seen dancing wildly dan confronts escapes jan expresses concern choice staying new_york having hoped find place outside upper east offers aid scheme dan reject help going separate ways find charlie hotel saves blair stops father police arriving offers blair ride breaks intending return chicago proposes avoiding party going bar similar fashion death takes holiday blair accepts blair sex prince louis hugo waits blair looking charlie spots dan novel reads dan calls upset reading novel suggests publish despite possible backlash realizing longer cares writing steals novel dan angrily dismisses stops charlie jumping window charlie expresses aspiring like admits personal flaws charlie dan find charlie return party charlie makes suspicious mother interest gives number blair finds dilemma feelings resurfaced arriving party inform louis decision informing blessing blair confronts making decision eventually settle issues lets weeks later blair travels spend summer louis goes charlie departs miami decide travel lily kelly tells family house arrest end autumn dan decides spend summer connor tells matthew settle moved writing dan novel published leaves spain california runs man trying convert favorite novels movie finds given job instead miami carol pays charlie actually con artist named ivy hired gain access daughter trust fund ivy bag shows stolen money carol plans returning new_york later scene shows positive pregnancy test trash blair bathroom thrown production wrong goodbye second season finale gossip girl executive producer notes important returning character sparks discussed working season finale time think fun fun pot major way sort threads major stories sort like witness course returning return lot things play lot things happening wanted load gun bullets possible following role green news surfaced blake lively leaving acting career hollywood notes despite talk career fanbase blake insists choices far simpler criteria asked playing comic book film says suitable question decisions parts come emotional place character connect new_york magazine media periodicals noted possibility lively leaving dresses designed respectively blair wore dress wore suit casting oscar winning director david russell cameo appearance actor reportedly landed role stars seen filming blake lively california debut season finale russell tony award winning actress jan reprised role season finale hugo remained ambiguous joining series recurring regular cast member interview zap2it stating answer finale hinted possibility recurring role von makes cameo appearance finale filmed scenes lively music airborne toxic event special appearance band alumni party playing song changing sophomore album band announced performing finale website reception wrong goodbye received positive reviews critics garnered audience million viewers new_york magazine drew references past seasons commented season finale written episode fourth season greatest time felt ways like written end series life moments return sparks blair old references episodes past wrapping story lines including revelation dan secretly observations upper east entire time thought known meaningful departure star hollywood critical praise went storyline twist charlie identity citing big gossip girl finale cameo appearance gossip girl author von television pity included episode gallery season best worst declaring finale best stating lot storylines pay little version fairy tale television pity steve fanatic praised return stating funniest dialogue long time jack bass weeks great reviewing final scene commended appearance positive pregnancy test audience calling cliffhanger leave finale pretty entertaining went high note season better new_york magazine commented pregnancy test insisting pretending positive pregnancy test didn exist los_angeles_times praised finale stating year went bang doubts reservations largely concerning blair surprised pleased report found end gossip girl season exciting satisfying return sparks received development citing confession charlie death events season general given perspective friends apologizes dan leading confesses charlie decision making skills leave desired lazy writing results falling old habits season pretty moment questioned motive publishing dan novel impossible know trying old friend favor profit stirring drama life considering won returning fall find complimented casting director david russell calling random cameos new_york magazine labeled blair relationship longest delayed breakup season adding big news blair prince louis engaged wedding scheduled november sweeps feel comfortable assuming break things definitively