italian october january italian opera composer born near provincial family moderate means developed musical education help local patron came dominate italian opera scene era works significantly influenced pre eminent opera composers history early operas demonstrated sympathy movement sought unification italy participated briefly elected politician chorus early opera similar choruses later operas spirit unification movement composer representative ideals intensely private person seek popular movements professionally successful able reduce workload sought establish landowner native region surprised musical world returning success opera late requiem operas operas remain extremely popular especially peaks middle period birth widely celebrated broadcasts performances life childhood education child born home village near borders french empire following annexation register prepared october lists parents spinner respectively additionally lists born yesterday days considered begin sunset meant october following mother celebrated birthday october younger sister died aged age given private lessons latin italian village attended local school learning play organ showed interest music parents finally provided gift music apparent began association local church serving choir acting altar boy taking organ lessons death age official paid music historian roger parker points parents belonged families small landowners traders certainly peasants later liked present having emerged energetic son education tended hide later life picture emerges youthful ambitious father sustained sophisticated elaborate formal education parents arranged boy attend school upper school boys run don continued run inn returned regularly play organ sundays covering distance kilometres foot age received schooling italian latin rhetoric time began lessons cappella san director municipal music school director local society later stated ages wrote assortment pieces marches band little church theatre concerts sets variations played concerts pieces church music remember mater information comes autobiographical sketch dictated publisher late life remains leading source early life career written benefit reliable dealing issues contentious childhood director society wholesale described contemporary music young immediately involved june graduated honours able focus solely music chance asked step replacement play public event home town immediate success playing music surprise receiving strong local recognition established leader rival reported secretary organisation movement based drama written performed acclaimed commented shows vivid imagination philosophical outlook sound judgment arrangement instrumental parts late completed studies declared teach time giving singing piano lessons daughter unofficially engaged set sights milan cultural capital northern italy applied unsuccessfully study arrangements private pupil described compositions promising encouraged subscription heard maria operas began making connections world music stand good included introduction amateur choral group led attending frequently soon found functioning rehearsal director player encouraged write opera originally titled journalist operas sought acquire post success help obtain secular post taught gave lessons conducted months returning milan early following july obtained certification eventually director school year contract married march given birth child virginia maria march followed july children died young virginia august october young composer asked assistance stage opera milan agreed reworked opera called rewritten november achieved respectable additional performances following offered contract works working second opera died age wife children devastated deaths comedy premiered months later flop given performance following failure claimed vowed compose sketch recounts persuaded write new opera claim gradually began work music originally rejected composer verse today tomorrow note phrase little little opera written later recalled autumn complete originally title received performance march success retirement theatre operas including revised updated versions later revival autumn season given unprecedented later total performances years reached venues vienna lisbon barcelona berlin paris hamburg heard new_york buenos_aires porter comments similar accounts provided widely rapidly successful operas period hard work creation operas excluding revisions translations followed sixteen years culminating period setbacks young composer frequently april connection wrote happy matter reception gets utterly indifferent wait years pass write operas complained hour peace sixteen years initial success settled milan making number influential acquaintances attended milan lifelong friend correspondent revival followed received run seven performances led commission new opera season based premiered february inevitably comparisons contemporary writer noted created young man reputation served confirm paid close attention financial contracts making sure appropriately popularity increased venice paid including supervision productions brought contracts publishers specific amounts receive new works productions musical arrangements began use growing prosperity invest land near birthplace purchased acres hectares farmland farmhouse providing home parents later year bought known main street signed contract land houses belonged family built house completed known villa lived death march visited vienna musical director oversee production older composer recognising talent noted letter january happy way people talent like prevent good soon reaching honourable positions composers travelled producing cast performances personal triumph native region especially father attended performance remained weeks intended departure date speculation delay interest stated relationship began fact known relationships illegitimate children history awkward factor relationship eventually agreed marriage successful venice performances season began negotiations stage write new opera eventually victor hugo chosen maria successfully premiered months performed theatres italy vienna writer andrew porter notes years life reads like travel diary visits bring new operas stage supervise local premiered new works reception period began work consistently relied performed rome november february august year able work san naples worked march april took years junior pupil known fact pupil composer reported breadth spirit wisdom november wrote like friend pupil dinner play cards doesn house big table write advice remain associated assisting preparation scores later conducting works premiere performances usa outside italy chosen composer period illness began work september dedicated opera long intended opera father friend duty fulfilled sooner circumstances prevented send prize operas present martin wrote operas early period remain regularly international repertoire 21st century entered lists voice declined engagements dried period returned live milan whilst retaining contact supporter promoter unofficial adviser occasional secretary decided paris october left gave letter pledged love envelope wrote october shall lay letter heart bury completed london orchestration left opera rehearsal wanted hear modify role suit exactly agreed conduct premiere july majesty theatre second performance queen_victoria prince albert attended performance press generous praise years visits italy periods political unrest based paris week returning paris july received commission paris agreed adapt new french result contained significant changes music structure work including extensive ballet scene meet expectations awarded order legion honour satisfy contracts publisher comments opera appear taken little interest staged hearing news days street fighting took place march temporarily drove austrians milan travelled arriving april discovered citizen newly proclaimed republic san writing patriotic letter venice concluded petty municipal idea extend hand italy nation world drunk joy imagine germans poet turning away patriotic subjects poet pleading sorrow italian people strengthen direct goal suggested adapting joseph play described story stir man italian soul breast premiere set late january travelled rome end found city verge short lived republic commenced days enthusiastically received premiere spirit time tenor hero final words dies evil minded intended return italy early prevented work illness probably increasing attachment left paris july immediate cause outbreak cholera went directly continue work completing latest opera miller production naples later year fame committed publisher opera spring subsequently following negotiations developed wrote music based victor hugo venice march sequence operas followed cement fame master opera failure time taking offence taboo subject supposed adultery clergyman wife interfering text roles pains completely recycled version failed intended murder royalty attributes upset compromise sack matter police worried effect produce think know better hero longer ugly singing think splendid character deformed ridiculous passionate love chose subject qualities removed longer set music substituted duke king public response subsequent success opera italy europe fully composer aware melody duke song mobile woman popular hit excluded orchestral rehearsals opera rehearsed tenor separately months preoccupied family matters stemmed way citizens treating living openly unmarried relationship town church appeared indifferent certainly furthermore concerned administration newly acquired property growing parents suggestion situation sparked birth child given away lacks firm evidence january broke relations parents april ordered leave found new premises helped financially settle new home operas written period miller uniquely opera critic joseph words women come grief sexual actual perceived like psychologist sees choice subjects influenced uneasy passion moved brought offer new opera eventually realised followed agreement rome opera company present january sufficient earnings retire wished reached stage develop operas wished dependent commissions parties fact opera wrote specific commission apart time began consider creating opera shakespeare king seeking appeared later commissioned proved music written began work death mother june fact opera focuses mother father related death winter decided paris concluded agreement write les original work style grand opera february couple attended performance alexander play lady immediately began compose music later visit rome january worked completing little hope success lack confidence singers engaged season furthermore management insisted opera given historical contemporary setting premiere march failure wrote fault singers time tell subsequent productions following europe following years fully composer roger parker written consistently remains popular operas repertoire pleased critics consolidation years including written sixteen operas eighteen years wrote new works stage happy return february reporting total abandonment music little reading light occupation agriculture horses couple months later writing vein stated don read don write walk fields morning evening trying recover far success stomach trouble caused cursed operas letter publisher describes kind lifestyle increasingly appealed composer love country madness rage fury like exaggerated gets dawn examine wheat etc fortunately tastes sort life coincide matter sunrise likes dressed bed nonetheless signed contract opera following spring simon couple stayed paris january deal proposals offer stage translated version grand opera travelled venice march premiere simon turned reported second nights reception improved considerably went naples early january work opera iii year later time begun write wife signing letters stringent requirements censor stating drowning sea troubles certain hope seeing iii staged written broke contract resulted litigation counter litigation legal issues resolved free present musical outline iii rome opera demanded changes point opera took title arriving march found nearby city occupied austrian troops base combat rise italian interest unification region ensuing second italian war independence austrians abandoned region began leave remained control venice region terms armistice signed disgusted outcome independence italy long hoped promised venice italian victories outcome drive mad wrote decided marriage travelled village august couple married driven church bell witnesses end wrote friend completing music seen music thought anymore music don know colour opera don remember began took complete continued work years included major work square room bedroom office politics having achieved fame prosperity began active interest italian politics early commitment movement difficult estimate accurately words music historian philip myths intensifying sentiment began circulating nineteenth century example claim chorus sung milan audience responding demanded encore forbidden government time gesture extremely significant fact piece hymn growth identification music italian nationalist politics began 1840s nationalist leader met london previous year requested complied write patriotic hymn opera historian charles describes opera purpose maintains parts earlier operas frequently taken fighters time composer given movement opera naples spreading italy slogan acronym victor king italy king italy unified early operas increasingly interpreted works hidden revolutionary messages originally intended composer elected member new provincial council appointed head group meet king enthusiastically greeted way received publicity october met architect initial stages italian unification later year government united provinces central italy political life temporarily came end whilst maintaining nationalist feelings declined office provincial council member elected anxious convince man stature running political office essential strengthening securing italy future composer years later accepted condition months resign elected february town san parliament march parliament kingdom italy following death deeply distressed scarcely attended later appointed member italian senate participate activities months following staging approached opera companies seeking new work making offers stage existing ones refused december approach saint_petersburg imperial theatre offer plus expenses strong incentive came idea adapting spanish play don del sino angel del writing arrived december premiere casting problems meant postponed returning paris russia february met young italian writers year old franco invited write piece music international exhibition london charged writing text supporter grand opera opera composer right later 1860s critical reliance formula form composer wrath close collaborator final operas premiere finally took place september received order revival paris success obtained commission new work don based drama don friedrich spent late paris heard warm opera richard wagner opera premiere drew mixed comments whilst critic praised work composer disappointed changing style longer italian following wagner 1860s 1870s paid great attention estate purchasing additional land dealing unsatisfactory case installing irrigation variable economic father restored good relations early patron father law died decided adopt great niece maria seven years old child marry son friend lawyer family eventually heirs estate commissioned egyptian government opera house built celebrate opening suez_canal opera house actually opened production prose french based scenario transformed italian verse offered enormous sum opera confessed ancient egypt civilization able admire performed cairo spent supervising italian productions milan naples effectively acting producer demanding high standards adequate rehearsal time rehearsals naples production wrote string quartet chamber music survive major work form italian 19th century asked compose section requiem mass memory compiled completed requiem performance abandoned premiere place years later reworked section requiem requiem died complete requiem performed cathedral milan anniversary death soprano sung productions onwards later performances requiem february created european premiere milan closely associated personally exactly closely remains initial women reconciled remained companion death death conducted requiem paris london vienna cologne work words biographer john confirmed unique presiding genius italian music fellow composer came near popularity reputation initially withdraw retirement deliberately away opportunities involved new productions works secretly began work composer reconciled proposed privately composition delayed revision simon undertook produced revision don virtually completed teased shall finish shall performed hard tell news leaked pressed opera houses europe eventually opera premiered february years following success commented having heroes right laugh little considered variety comic subjects found wholly suitable ambition said time secretly began work based merry wives windsor additional material taken henry received draft probably early july read shakespeare play better wrote doubts age health admits good ability complete project finish music project failed waste time distracted completing new opera finally july wrote let let think obstacles age illnesses emphasised need secrecy continued mood start write later wrote capitals marks joy able public come performance took place february night official ticket prices thirty times higher usual royalty aristocracy critics leading figures arts europe present performance huge success numbers end applause cast lasted hour followed tumultuous welcome composer wife arrived grand hotel milan scenes ensued went rome opera premiere crowds railway station initially forced refuge tool shed witnessed performance royal box king queen years undertook number ventures publishing song benefit earthquake victims sicily onwards planning building rest home retired musicians milan building hospital close major composition choral set sacred pieces published deeply upset assassination king setting poem memory unable complete staying grand hotel suffered stroke january gradually grew week cared died january age initially buried private ceremony milan month later body moved occasion conducted chorus singers huge crowd attendance estimated wrote friend words recall mysterious final scene don sleeps like king spain bronze slab completely covers personality personal qualities john concluded writing biography like man particular cum estate owner time composer seemingly time critic later years admits like writers admire deep integrity runs beneath life felt wrong suggests man artist ways developed awkward society early years man property underwent influence acquired assurance authority learnt discussing private life maintaining suited convenience legends supposed peasant origins indifference criticism describes composer intensely private man deeply resented efforts personal affairs regarded journalists biographers neighbors public large lot needed constantly defend similarly explicit religious beliefs anti clerical nature early years nonetheless built chapel rarely recorded going church wrote won believer comments requiem prospect hell appears rule requiem troubled end offers little music form list compositions individual articles works spirit writer friedrich plays adapted operas distinguished types artist essay sentimental poetry philosopher berlin ranked category self conscious stand aside creations express feelings able genius vision fully seek recreate nature natural feelings terms berlin instances wagner offering peace sword operas written according aesthetic theory purpose change tastes audiences conversation german visitor recorded saying whilst admired wagner operas recent operas wagner bounds expressed music philosophical music works belong admits artificial genres ring emotionally true truth exciting hugely operas come great innovations sounds modern listener derivative major success came entirely new opera complex direct longer vocal display period composers granted significant vocal fireworks exist purpose drama singers aside use chorus entirely new opera chorus limited background voice instrument abolished uses chorus character suffering consensus people famous example big operas followed ending revolutionary letter maria says conceived string earliest operas abandon traditional distinction sung aria speech like operas works took increasing time finish significantly longer orchestrated periods earliest study music published italian critic distinguished periods music early period ended according personal style began opera miller operas generally agreed today critics mark division early middle periods middle period felt end les late period commencing simon running operas requiem sacred pieces represent final period early period claim sketch early training taught orchestration handle dramatic music known written variety music society including vocal music band music chamber works including alternative barber works survive given instructions death destroy early works uses early operas stylized versions later work standard elements italian opera content period referred opera writer julian code composer established work popularity accepted forms composers dominant early career essential elements aria duet ensemble finale sequence act aria format centred typically involved sections slow introduction marked typically tempo involve chorus characters opportunity singing duet similarly covering climactic sequences action forces ensemble chorus usually culminating exciting section develop generation preceding increasing career operas early period learning gradually establishing mastery different elements opera poorly structured orchestration operas generally simple basic richard suggests striking effect early operas obviously allied mood big choral number sung according ear success denoted grand aria sung replicated similar chorus battle hymn conspirators seeking freedom uses recurring themes identified main characters future operas accent moves away characteristics operas individual action intrigue period onwards develops instinct literally colour term elements individual opera score parker gives example rising 6th begins lyric pieces original version shows original touches characterization key generally singing sharp keys flat keys minor key music highly original orchestration dagger scene duet following murder duncan forms code propel drama compelling fashion comment followers missed golden thread parts set numbers makes opera golden thread essential factor works middle period writer david states miller earliest operas period appears growing freedom large scale structure acute attention fine detail echo feelings julian expresses impact place output follows age closed door period italian opera called music finished continue draw certain forms operas totally new spirit example wish away standard forms appears feelings structure states letter april standard forms choruses etc avoid beginning opening chorus happy external factors impacts compositions period increasing reputation financial security longer needed commit productive freedom choose subjects time develop according ideas years wrote new operas compared fourteen previous years factor changed political situation failure revolutions led initially significant increase theatre censorship reflected choices plots dealing personal relationships political conflict partly consequent dramatic reduction operas period number choruses type famous average fewer choruses middle period operas compared early period virtually early operas commence chorus miller middle period operas begin way instead experiments variety means stage band aria bass party scene notes increasing tendency replace scale shorter orchestral introductions parker comments opera middle period new adventure gestures level realism contemporary world score heroine death disease depicted music increasing command musical highlighting changing moods relationships exemplified act iii duke song mobile followed immediately quartet contrasting duke concealed daughter asserts famous ensemble composed late period notes description operas 1860s 1870s modern described works operas indication increasingly dissatisfied older familiar conventions predecessors adopted outset career parker sees physical operas les significantly longer larger cast lists previous works reflect shift french genre grand opera notable colorful orchestration comic scenes greater spectacle opportunities transforming italian opera resources appealed commission paris demanded favorite telling want fact original subject result les scenarios simon del don meet criteria porter notes marks complete synthesis style grand opera huge spectacle mere decoration essential drama musical theatrical lines remain characters sing warmly personally marks return earlier days ways plot operas centers love heroism music relatively square oriented sensation spectacle composer ferdinand asked preferred don replied bite forgive word rehearsals naples production writing string quartet work shows movement lost skill writing learned final works major works continued new development conveying drama emotion appear requiem scored forces means opera ecclesiastical dress words von condemned hearing requiem puts use techniques learned opera musical forms emotions stage tone painting opening requiem described italian composer writing words invisible crowd slow simple chords sense fear sadness vast multitude mystery death following melody spreads wings falling hear eternal peace time years operas contemporary richard wagner begun popular taste sought identified aspects latest composition points little music relates opera younger italian composers little homage new german school nonetheless originality building strengths demonstrated powerful storm opens opera love duet act dying words aspect imaginative touches harmony era act finally years later appeared comedy apart early ill fated work roger parker writes listener bombarded stunning diversity rhythms orchestral textures melodic motifs devices passages earlier times furnished material entire number crowd fore succession comments forms romantic italian opera feeling aria duet precipitated phrase legacy reception operas brought popular following contemporary critics approved work english critic henry allowed modern man having style better worse found output unacceptable faults grave ones calculated destroy taste italian composer long list wrote whilst conceding incomplete training mistaken aspirations proved time death years later reputation assured edition grove dictionary pronounced greatest popular opera composers nineteenth century pupils apart school composers sought follow style reflected musical direction rooted period youth time death accepted style young italian composers new_york metropolitan opera frequently staged period featured season interest operas germany sparked revival england 1930s onward began appear scholarly biographies publications documentation correspondence founded leading centre research publication studies 1970s american institute studies founded new_york university memorials film stage portrayals italian milan named italian theatres hometown displays statue seated built honour 1850s statues composer italy monument marble memorial sculpted located square manhattan new_york_city monument includes statue life sized statues characters operas operas names subject number film stage works include film directed starring miniseries life directed played narration lancaster english version play julian mitchell character opera italian composer written commemorate anniversary italian unification today operas frequently staged world listings performed opera period performances operas 8th place performances 12th place performances 16th place performances 18th place performances operas available recordings number versions dvd records offers complete boxed set modern productions differ substantially originally envisaged composer miller version english national opera set world modern american received critical company staging masked ball directed including sex rituals homosexual rape demonic dwarf got general critical music evoke range cultural political excerpts requiem featured memorial service diana princess wales march performance opera celebrating years italian unification conductor turned address audience included italian prime minister complain cuts state funding culture audience joined repeat chorus pop singer katy_perry appeared grammy award wearing dress designed music start birth celebrated numerous events world performances broadcasts coda noble simple degree vast natural power creation organization voice world enormous popularity sophisticated ordinary listeners today fact expressed permanent states consciousness direct terms homer shakespeare heard music berlin


french pronunciation german june october german born french composer romantic period remembered nearly 1850s 1870s opera tales powerful influence later composers genre particularly arthur sullivan best known works continually revived 20th century continue staged 21st tales remains standard opera born cologne son showed early musical talent age accepted student paris found academic study left year earned living achieving international fame conductor ambition compose comic pieces musical theatre finding management paris company staging works leased small theatre presented series small scale pieces popular produced length underworld exceptionally received remained played works 1860s produced length act pieces works period included humour sexual intrigue gentle pieces facility melody internationally known translated versions successful vienna london europe associated second french empire napoleon iii emperor court napoleon iii personally granted french citizenship outbreak franco prussian war found favour paris imperial connections german birth remained successful vienna london established paris 1870s earlier favourites series new works undertook popular tour years finish tales died premiere opera entered standard versions completed edited musicians life career early years born jacob jewish family german city cologne prussia birthplace short distance square named second son seventh children wife née came musical family abandoned original trade earned living playing violin generally known der native town main officially adopted surname settled cologne established teacher giving lessons singing violin flute guitar composing religious secular music jacob years old father taught play violin years boy composing songs dances age took cello permanent local afford pay son lessons known years later biographer records boy giving performances compositions technical difficulties terrified master brother violin sister isabella piano jacob played trio local dance halls performing popular dance music arrangements decided musically talented children aged jacob needed leave provincial musical scene cologne study paris generous support local music lovers municipal orchestra gave farewell concert october young musicians accompanied father day journey paris november given letters introduction director paris needed persuade jacob audition boy age obstacles admission years earlier refused year old admission similar grounds eventually agreed hear young play listened playing stopped saying young man pupil admitted brothers adopted french forms names jacob hoped secure permanent employment paris failed returned cologne leaving found number pupils modest earnings lessons supplemented fees earned brothers members supported studies student graduated successful violin teacher conductor led younger brother orchestra years contrast bored academic study left year roll students notes struck december left free cello having left free stern curriculum biographer james writes free secured temporary jobs theatre gaining permanent appointment regularly pay docked playing performances occasion principal played alternate notes printed score colleagues music stands collapse mid performance earnings orchestral work enabled lessons celebrated louis favourable impression composer conductor gave lessons composition orchestration wrote cologne young man going great composer early compositions programmed fashionable conductor louis young composer friedrich von collaborated series works cello piano ambition compose stage gain theatre point career help built reputation composing playing fashionable paris frequently appeared met daughter general fell love financial position propose marriage extend fame earning power paris undertook tours france germany performed concert native cologne probably english family connections embarked tour england immediately engaged appear famous musicians day including joseph michael era wrote debut performance london execution taste excited wonder pleasure genius exhibited amounting absolute inspiration british press reported triumphant royal command performance illustrated london news wrote astonishing performed thursday evening windsor emperor russia king queen_victoria prince albert great success use reflecting fact remained prussian citizen common british press coverage tour ambiguity caused difficulty later life returned paris reputation bank balance enhanced remaining obstacle marriage difference professed religions converted roman catholicism acting sponsor views son conversion judaism unknown wedding took place august bride years old marriage lifelong happy despite death friend said gave courage shared devotion returning familiar paris quietly shifted emphasis work composed composer played cello published compositions sold began write perform produce musical salon presentations guests parody david currently fashionable april gave concert seven items composition premiered audience included leading music critics encouragement temporary setbacks verge breaking theatrical composition paris revolution swept louis throne led streets capital hastily took recently born daughter join family cologne thought revert temporarily jacob returning paris february found grand closed went working occasional conductor encouraged aspirations compose talents noted director appointed musical director theatre brief improve orchestra composed songs incidental music classical modern dramas early 1850s songs popular gained valuable experience writing theatre later wrote wonders theatre management remained commissioning compose stage composer later wrote musical establishment cope irony exposed false quality operas favoured great art allowed smile wrote act managed staged paris received authorities remained found encouragement composer singer known professionally theatre opened previous year pioneered french light comic opera musical quarterly martial baker wrote example set musician penned triumphant works approached agreed present new act words music called des presented june received biographer peter describes charming piece nonsense piece depicts double bass player played island encounters female chief makes escape double bass boat pressed ahead plans present works theatre abandon thoughts acceptance chosen theatre location timing ideal paris filled november visitors france abroad great exhibition exhibition site later wrote little theatre let built closed years knew exhibition bring people locality found supporters june secured lease days later gathered opened des description theatre little accurate hold audience suited tiny casts permitted prevailing licensing laws limited speaking singing characters piece small forces length works question like presented evenings act pieces opening theatre frantic rush month issue licence opening night july period equip theatre recruit actors orchestra staff find authors write material opening programme compose music recruited short notice nephew early mentor respectable civil servant passion theatre gift dialogue verse maintaining civil service career went collaborate works years wrote pieces opening programme popular work evening words les blind men comedy rehearsals concern public judge poor taste hit season paris soon playing successfully vienna london success summer star role aged auditioned engaged spot key member companies career grand avenue laid baron 1860s public theatre summer autumn expected venture depths winter cast suitable venue found des known central paris entered partnership proprietor moved winter season company returned summer seasons performing winter legislation enacted march prevented company theatres appearances discontinued piece company new home clan december received piece mock oriental followed act years small casts permitted licence granted increase singers management staged works composers included new pieces asked permission revive comedy replied pleased able revered composers ambition present neglected act comic opera der acquired score vienna text translated adapted presented centenary celebrations popular public greatly enhanced critical social standing command emperor napoleon iii company performed palace shortly performance piece long article july traced history comic opera declared work worthy called described gradual divergence italian french notions comic opera imagination italian composers common sense good taste wit french composers concluded comic opera grand inflated preliminary announcement open competition aspiring composers jury french composers including daniel thomas charles considered entries short listed asked set miracle written joint winners charles remained devoted friend took dislike subsequent rivalry altogether friendly played houses theatre constantly verge running money principally biographer alexander calls manager earlier biographer wrote spent money counting lengths velvet auditorium costumes width width personally generous boost company finances london season organised half company remaining paris play half performing james theatre west end london visit success cause sensation later works london government lifted licensing restrictions number performers able present ambitious works length underworld presented october usual spent freely production scenery lavish costumes cast large chorus orchestra company particularly short money following abortive season berlin big success needed production merely modest success soon benefited outraged review critic journal des condemned piece profanity ostensibly roman mythology reality napoleon government generally seen targets satire seized free publicity joined lively public debate columns daily newspaper public work box office wanted satire emperor emperor commanded performance april despite great successes rest career remained popular lists reasons success sweeping reminiscent vienna new french flavour songs course led naughty life low places 1830s fashion season presented new works composers including new pieces initially mild success later revised gained popularity duet favourite number england france basis marines hymn early 1860s 1860s successful decade beginning granted french citizenship personal command napoleon iii following year appointed appointment exclusive members musical establishment resented honour composer popular light opera began decade stand ballet butterfly produced achieved successful run performances biographer andrew lamb says giving greater acceptance respectable circles year finally piece presented act success plot revolved dog attempted music public critics impressed piece survived seven performances apart setback flourished 1860s successes greatly failures led company summer season vienna encountering packed houses enthusiastic reviews found vienna liking reverted single evening old role cello command performance emperor joseph success followed failure berlin born prussian citizen observed prussia happy company paris season length des act son born children year resigned director handing post continued write works company exception occasional pieces summer season bad despite problems completed opera die romantic mythological themes opera presented substantial cuts vienna court opera cologne given finally performed entirety given productions contained number described critic lovely later adapted tales december wrote frequently new works premiered larger theatres later 1860s wrote chiefly remembered joined called said trinity des est play words loosely translated certainly father son wholly spirited secured play title role early success short operas leading star french musical stage commanded large fees adamant singer match rehearsals premiere des principal soprano feuding censor satire imperial court manager theatre attempting production expenses success piece inadvertently assured critic notice strongly countered liberal critics ensuing publicity brought public success early quickly reproduced later year new departure time large scale piece chose modern setting instead satire classical needed accidental boost instant prolonged success audiences themes popular abroad describes worthy gilbert score certainly best far piece starred began affair composer lasted greatest success premiere satire took place days opening paris exhibition greater international draw exhibition helped launch composing career public foreign visitors new foreign royalty saw piece included king prussia accompanied chief minister von experience senior civil servant saw clearly threat prussia wrote diary helping double time war laughing war gates followed quickly series successful pieces robinson revised version des revised version october marked transition style satire human romantic interest lamb calls charming score critical change piece lead good business quickly produced europe north south_america pieces followed end decade les work romantic comic opera received subsequently revived best known war aftermath returned outbreak franco prussian war went home arranged family safety san northern spain joining shortly having risen fame napoleon iii rewarded universally associated old known mocking bird second empire empire fell wake prussia crushing victory music suddenly favour france swept violently anti german sentiments despite french citizenship birth upbringing cologne suspect frequently embodiment superficial worthless napoleon iii banned france satire audience deserted highly popular england john theatre presented large enthusiastic audiences produced works royalty theatre richard presented vienna works regularly produced war aftermath ravaged paris composer supervised productions travelled england guest prince wales end life paris returned normal ended voluntary exile new works profitable lavish earlier successes better business decided theatre management took july spectacular revival highly profitable attempt repeat success new lavish version proved popular costs extravagant productions collaboration culminated financial disaster expensive production incidental music failed attract public forced sell interests mortgage future royalties successful tour united_states connection centennial exhibition enabled recover losses pay debts beginning concert garden crowd people gave series concerts new_york philadelphia philadelphia law forbidding sundays disguised numbers pieces advertised grand sacred concert equally secular numbers billed local authorities concert place booth theatre new_york conducted recent returned france july profits handsome spectacular later enjoyed renewed popularity france especially madame featured fantasy plot real life french actress marie major successful 1870s years profitable major composing left time work project creation successful opera beginning working piece based stage play les suffered 1860s carried theatre chair failing health conscious mortality wished live long complete opera les tales heard saying dog live finish piece left vocal score substantially complete start orchestration family friend assisted year old son completed orchestration making significant changes substantial cuts demanded director opera seen february added vienna premiere december versions later died paris age cause death certified heart failure brought acute given state funeral times wrote crowd distinguished men accompanied journey amid general sympathy public shows late composer masters art buried cemetery works musical times mark wrote music individually characteristic range variety write straightforward singing numbers like paris song comic songs like general ridiculous ensemble servants ball habit dos specialist writing music quality famous finale servants party ends song contrast compose songs simplicity grace beauty like letter song grand tender love song known numbers doll song les tales sabre les lamb notes major song composed operas number open question works extensively revised evidently counted revised versions new commentators generally refer stage works operas reserved term english act works term length ones number act examples type development genre vienna french term began works longer act term works acts earliest act pieces small casts presented scale composed rest career lamb following precedent study composer divides act pieces categories country urban iii military parodies enjoyed greatest success 1860s popular decade remained best known texts word setting ideas plots usually came working lines agreed lamb writes respect served discovering talent like sullivan unlike consistently blessed subjects genuinely witty took advantage rhythmic flexibility french language took extremes forcing words unnatural stresses comments wrought violence french language frequent characteristic word setting repetition isolated syllables words comic effect example kings musical structure general followed simple established forms melodies usually short basic rhythm rarely hughes words escaping bar phrase similarly cautious rarely switched melody remote unexpected key kept dominant pattern conventional limits employed greater resource varied use rhythm single number contrast rapid singer broad smooth phrase illustrating different characters similarly switched quickly major minor keys effectively contrasting characters situations wished use unconventional techniques accompany eponymous parody wagner des orchestration early pieces size orchestra pit restricted orchestra players composed flute horns percussion small string section seven players moving orchestra players specialist jean notes larger available bigger paris theatres vienna compose existing music accordingly surviving scores instrumentation additional wind brass extra percussion available wrote exceptionally records tubular bells des wind machine voyage hughes describes orchestration delicate occasionally subtle instances song introduced bar phrase solo solo octaves immediately repeated solo flute solo octave higher view orchestral scoring details elaborate counter voices minute interactions coloured brass establish dialogue voices design equals method composed amidst noise according note melodies suggested straight manuscript score manuscript paper wrote vocal parts centre piano accompaniment possibly notes orchestration felt sure work performed began orchestration employing codified system parody influences known composers music saw joke adam enjoyed parodies scores point attending productions seated private box composers parodies wagner mocked antique initial light hearted satire wagner later hardened genuine dislike reacted wagner product mad german mind wagner ignoring writing verses general technique simply play original music unexpected circumstances slipped banned revolutionary anthem chorus rebellious gods quoted aria work quoted patriotic trio tell parodied ensemble kings greece accompaniment quotes act pieces parodied familiar duet consists quotations robert les later satirical period included quotation major examples use noted critic paul taylor kings greece paris tempo seductive sounding phrase absurd nucleus big ensemble lyric set music habit dos coat split grand les similar finale seventh symphony clear similarity decade took note change public taste simpler romantic style preferred writes successfully moved away satire parody returning genuine spirit french followed suit series conductor names finest major works operas die failure revived 21st century second attempt tales originally intended grand opera work accepted production agreed spoken dialogue incomplete died speculates premature death asked complete piece critic tim writes opera reveals remarkable french german influences preface narrative delivers big aria straight french grand opera sings death music reminiscent wrote ballet music wrote ballet score praised orchestration contained number des international success composed individual dances include evening papers composed vienna morning papers companion piece orchestral compositions include piece 17th century style cello solo standard work cello repertoire little non orchestral music regularly performed death composed non songs french texts authors including alfred jean german texts popular songs dedicated young early token love arrangements known frequently recorded scores usually performed recorded composed arranged respectively vienna works shorter assembled popular ballet orchestral arrangements melodies stage works composer assembled symphonic suite music jean regards work orchestrated view justice legacy reputation influence musician author wrote opera die merry widow creators operas gilbert composer sullivan partners musical styles borrowing plot components example argues mock oriental clan influenced including character names gilbert compares des works choruses thirds venetian admiral telling battle gilbert sullivan duke plaza led regiment les like gilbert sullivan princess depicts female stronghold challenged males disguise best known instance opera draws work pirates gilbert sullivan follow lead les treatment police heavy march time les presented london gilbert english translation young sullivan influenced influence evidently direction hughes observes numbers bear astonishing resemblance john wellington wells gilbert sullivan clear directly influenced encouraged turn met vienna seven years later established vienna worked lines established french colleague 1870s vienna composer quickly called order press view composer influenced von studied works carefully wrote successful model article wrote undoubtedly significant figure history musical traced development musical theatre berlin sullivan reputation lifetime obituary notices critics dubbed musical ltd showed odds public appreciation article musical times george commented critics supposed music soon forgotten critics time erroneous assumption perceived unusual quality times francis wrote numerous able rival best paper joined general prediction doubtful works survive new_york_times shared view gift melody extraordinary degree denied wrote lack development inspirations feared reaching generation posthumous production tales times partially judgment writing les confirm opinion regard great composer sense word calls victorian taking granted opera uphold fame long lighter compositions passed memory critic compared lyrical comic gifts friedrich called artistic genius clown wrote nearly works half dozen moments perfection commented work novel essay granting best grace charm wit blames genre calls public enemy monstrous beast critics saw satire works social protest attack establishment saw works homage social system second empire admirer late life reflected delightful score underworld called mistaken loved rated higher tales work tried met success london critic wrote death read latest work shows capable ambitious work glad wish efforts present critical editions works hampered scores collections death grant access scholars sheet music free scores choral public domain library 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ray september december american singer songwriter record producer arranger talent scout considered greatest singers history american popular music seminal artist soul music rhythm blues singing style influenced soul artists 1960s lifetime recordings produced records based memphis tennessee sound born raised state georgia quit school age support family working little richard backing band performing talent shows prize money joined johnny band toured southern states singer driver appearance recording session led contract single arms released debut album pain heart years later initially popular mainly african americans later reached wider american pop music audience group played small american south later performed popular los_angeles night club toured europe performing london paris major cities performed pop festival shortly death plane crash wrote recorded iconic dock bay steve song posthumous number record billboard hot charts album dock bay posthumous album reach number albums_chart premature death devastated verge bankruptcy label soon discovered atlantic records owned rights entire song catalog received posthumous accolades including grammy lifetime achievement award induction rock roll hall_of_fame songwriters hall_of_fame addition dock bay respect try little best known songs early life born georgia fourth children son senior worked air_force base near occasionally preached local churches family moved heights predominantly african american public housing project early age sang baptist church choir learned guitar piano age took drum singing lessons hudson high school sang school band sunday earned performing gospel songs radio station passion singing cited little richard sam influences said little richard entered music business richard inspiration sing like little richard rock roll stuff present music lot age left school help financially support family father contracted tuberculosis hospitalized leaving mother family primary income worked filling gas station attendant occasionally musician pianist williams locally known musician inspired performed springs social club played piano band williams hosted sunday talent shows attended friends singers little jones eddie ross breakthrough came disc jockey teenage party talent contest local theatres johnny locally prominent guitarist audience finding backing band lacking musical skills offered accompany sang little richard combination enabled win talent contest consecutive weeks cash prize later worked lead guitarist played later soon invited replace jones frontman pat cake mighty featuring johnny hired little richard abandoned rock roll favor gospel music paid making gig stay long age met year old teenage party gave birth son summer married august moved los_angeles sister wrote songs including hip gamma recorded single title shout career early career member pat cake mighty toured southern united_states circuit string venues african american era racial segregation lasted early 1960s johnny left band featured artist time met future founder recording company associates later bobby smith ran small label confederate records signed confederate recorded second single shout rewrite gamma fat girl band shooters time attended battle bands park wayne solo artist signed confederate bassist started look record label atlantic records representative joe showed interest sent studio memphis drove session driver license session backed booker ended early allowed perform songs hey hey baby studio chief jim stewart thought sounded like little richard second arms featuring piano steve guitar stewart later praised performance saying everybody home joe insisted listen different ballad poured soul stewart signed released arms hey hey baby single released october charted march following year successful songs selling copies apollo theater blue arms songs sessions included debut album pain heart heart needs mary little lamb recorded june track background singing brass worst selling single title track recorded september sparked copyright issues sounded like thomas ruler heart despite pain heart released january peaked number chart number billboard hot november accompanied brother associate boxer childhood friend traveled new_york perform apollo theater recording live album atlantic records band paid week pay sheet music house band led king curtis left financial difficulty trio asked money description circumstances living big old hotel quoted peter book sweet soul music noted meeting muhammad ali celebrities ben king apollo performed gave learned financial situation resulting album featured king coasters thomas time drafted army younger brother joined tour earl replaced road manager songs security album slow tempo disc jockey williams accordingly labeled subsequently wrote eponymous song singles bound come strong love included second studio album great sings soul ballads released march began working independently group fear playing style leading guitarist wrote loving long jerry butler lead singer impressions summer studio crew arranged new songs album songs written hour period july memphis songs man trouble respect finished earlier blue session respect loving later stereo album entitled blue sings soul released september released loved cover change gon come try little success allowed buy acre km2 ranch georgia called big ranch signed musicians including taylor carter eddie floyd founded production companies records derived joe released recordings arthur billy young williams named music derived shut shortly creation americans formed majority fans chose perform sunset strip los_angeles soul artists perform rock audiences western united_states performance received critical acclaim including positive press los_angeles_times penetrated mainstream popular culture bob_dylan attended performance offered altered version songs like woman late returned studio recorded tracks including try little written jimmy campbell harry woods song previously covered frank publishers unsuccessfully tried stop recording song negro perspective today considered signature song jim stewart song performance sort sums try little performance special unique expresses version backed booker staff producer worked arrangement try little included album complete unbelievable dictionary soul song album critically commercially successful peaked number billboard hot chart number chart spring marked time booked concerts artists majority group arrived london march flown days earlier interviews crew arrived london beatles sent pick booking agent bill graham proposed play auditorium late gig commercially critically successful paying night prompted graham remark best gig entire life began touring europe months later thomas march released king queen album thomas certified gold record jim stewart idea produce duet album expected thomas work album recorded january thomas earning english howard university songs cut joint session rest overdubbed days following concert obligations singles lifted album released april followed knock wood reached pop charts album charted number billboard pop charts respectively returned europe perform paris live album live europe released months later featuring live performances london stockholm sweden decision contracted directly atlantic records tour instead established artists thomas william bell produced negative reactions pop performed influential pop festival closing act saturday night second day festival invited efforts promoter jerry point performing mainly black audiences act included song respect version rolling_stones satisfaction received audience backing band booker keys horn section opened shake delivered speech asking audience love crowd looking big response ballad loving followed song try little including additional chorus got don wanna said left stage major concert according booker jones think best shows included phenomenon people accepting things moved happy included brought new audience greatly expanded according sweet soul music musicians brian jones performance robert_christgau wrote love crowd mind heavens wanted record idea moved memphis continue writing result sweet soul music based yeah man peaked number billboard hot time developed tried treat tea lemon honey hospitalized september hospital new_york undergo surgery dock bay early december recorded new song dock bay written staying friend earl inspired beatles album sgt pepper lonely hearts club band tried create similar sound label wishes wife disliked melody crew dissatisfied new sound stewart thought bassist duck feared damage reputation wanted expand musical style thought best song correctly believing charts end rap intentionally death band traveling performances december appeared upbeat television produced cleveland played concerts nights club called leo casino phone children stop madison wisconsin day play factory nightclub near university wisconsin weather poor heavy rain fog despite warnings plane took miles destination field madison pilot permission land shortly plane crashed lake bar member ben accident survivor sleeping shortly accident impact jones look window said thing remembered crash seat belt found water seat afloat non swimmer unable rescue cause crash determined james brown claimed autobiography godfather soul warned fly plane franklin stated heard sister caroline stopped stayed radio tragedy shocking victims crash members bar guitarist jimmy king tenor jones drummer matthew kelly pilot richard body recovered day lake searched family postponed funeral december december attend service took place city auditorium people came funeral seat hall know johnny attend fearing reaction worse ranch round oak miles north jerry delivered eulogy died days recording dock bay survived children iii cousin mark later founded band managed maintained worked service booking agencies november memorial plaque placed deck madison convention center terrace posthumous releases proposed recordings dock bay released january single reach number billboard hot posthumous number single chart history sold approximately million copies worldwide received million album dock bay posthumous album reach spot albums_chart shortly death atlantic records distributor releases purchased warner required distribution deal surprised learn atlantic actually owned entire catalog unable regain rights recordings severed atlantic relationship atlantic held rights unreleased masters material studio albums immortal love man tell truth issued records label number successful singles emerged hard handle got dreams remember love man look girl singles lifted live atlantic issued albums person recorded issued international pop festival reprise records release featuring live performances festival experience september official dvd anthology live performances released concord music group owners catalog dreams remember legacy featured length performances minutes new interviews documenting life career records released disc recording complete sets date april thomas claimed pair planned record duet album december year denied proposed record album featuring cut rearranged songs different example ballads uptempo vice versa suggestion record album entirely consisting country standards personal life wealth feet inch tall weighed pounds athletic family man loved football hunting described vigorous fun successful businessman active projects keen interest black youth led plans summer camp children music wealthy according advertisements suits pairs shoes earned week concerts spent big ranch owner enterprises performances music publishing ventures royalties record sales earned million dollars year columnist said sold records frank dean martin combined release blue catalogue artist meaning albums immediate sold steadily time style early copied rock soul style role model little richard influenced soul musicians sam live album sam strong influence later explored popular genres studied recordings beatles bob_dylan song hard handle elements rock roll influences songs categorized southern soul memphis soul raw voice ability convey strong emotion allmusic noted gritty vocals arrangements emotional way party tunes ballads book rock roll introduction authors michael campbell james suggested singing calls mind black preacher especially tempo numbers singing speech singing precise pitch according book finds rough conventional singing delivery emotion song turn loose booker jones described singing energetic emotional said vocal range limited reaching low high notes peter rough guide rock describes voice combined sam delivery later suggested testify like hell bent preacher like tender lover dirty received advice thomas clumsy stage appearance jerry said didn know stood moving upper body acknowledged received audiences strong message described painful vulnerability sweet soul music attractive audience friends partners early known songwriting early career covered songs popular artists richard solomon mid-1960s began writing songs taking cheap red acoustic guitar asked members opinion lyrics worked lyrics musicians recovery throat operation wrote songs weeks sole copyright holder songs dock bay abandoned familiar romantic themes sad unforgettable descending guitar riffs website songwriters hall_of_fame noted song kind brooding dark voicing despair got live look like gon come way music general joyful according journalist robinson author liner notes box set currently theory soul darker man musical expression blues flame trouble got hold music father form found church sunday morning mother songwriters hall_of_fame website adds description songwriting singing style booker jones compared stating type person leader lead arms body fingers favored short simple lyrics asked intended cover like woman responded lyrics contained text furthermore stated interview basically like music remains simple feel formula makes soul music successful music form complicated lose average listener ear beautiful simple blues tune beauty simplicity talking architecture art music authored difficult recordings horn arrangements players mind recording sad song captures habit horn section legacy called king soul given brown remains genre recognized artists lean powerful style exemplified sound said heart soul artists jackson helped expand structure open singing stage performances perceived honesty particular use got got got came producer stewart thought begging singing stress induced enhanced artists genres named musical influence george_harrison called respect inspiration drive car rolling_stones mentioned major influence artists influenced include led grateful dead doors virtually soul musician early years green james william bell franklin musicians covered mixed songs notably kanye_west jay-z grammy award winning song influenced singing style according sam andrew guitarist band big brother holding company stated learned push song instead sliding hearing awards honors rock roll hall_of_fame inducted declaring synonymous term soul music arose black experience america gospel rhythm blues form funky secular readers british music newspaper melody maker voted vocalist elvis_presley topped list prior years inducted georgia music hall_of_fame years later united_states post office issued cent commemorative postage stamp honor inducted songwriters hall_of_fame received grammy lifetime achievement award rock roll hall_of_fame included recordings shake dock bay try little list songs shaped rock roll american music magazine rolling_stone ranked number list greatest artists time eighth list greatest singers time ranked fourth greatest singers frank franklin albums blue sings soul dreams remember anthology dock bay complete unbelievable dictionary soul live europe ranked rolling_stone list greatest albums time album singled praise music critics apart rolling_stone listing number nme ranked list greatest albums time music critic robert_christgau said blue great album soul reliable long form artists original conceived black albums 60s city honored native son unveiling memorial statue city gateway park park memorial bridge crosses river memorial library housed city rhythm blues foundation named recipient pioneer award billboard awarded excellence award year year later inducted hollywood california august cleveland ohio city leo casino inducted inaugural class official rhythm blues music hall_of_fame cleveland state university discography


september january known american born singer songwriter raised mexico united_states divided adult life canada france album went platinum canada brought award award following success toured fair joined sisters french circus troupe contributing voice musical backdrop lived began write songs moved montreal produced second album living road toured support album collaborated musicians projects time bbc radio honored best world music artist americas published book impressions life road recorded album titled diagnosed cancer time released endured severe treatments halt illness died new year day memorial program music january performed montreal artists worked biography born big indian new_york mexican father language instructor alex american mother photographer actress according parents age months mother reading book word grabbed right baby girl maternal grandmother actress best known leading role film america america paternal grandmother pianist studied los_angeles san_francisco great grandfather named sang languages mother played father played flute decade spent crossing united_states mexico living traveling converted school bus parents siblings home mother parents spoke fluent spanish raised speaking primarily english spanish added total years residence mexico family listened wide variety recordings including songs chilean musician victor young child dreamed marrying day knowing killed age parents separated mother sisters settled san_francisco started singing greek cafe included spanish language lessons high school studies viewing documentary holiday determined career singing traveled montreal visit sisters students national circus school canada decided montreal home culture time sang years bars collaborating rock guitarist general manager independent canadian record company saw performing head shaved tiny nightclub audience struck personality charisma voice soon signed label developed material eventually album career finished early producing arranging accompanying spanish language album mixed 1930s 1940s era latin american songs original songs strongly influenced mexican music torch songs gypsy jazz middle eastern music consider fluent spanish said enjoyed singing language came deeper place said expected album marketed people spanish speakers different contemporary hispanic music released quebec february months later music video shot song released album brought success including quebec award canada best world music artist quebec canadian award best global artist album certified platinum canada sold units canada france touring europe north_america years fair moved france join sisters circus theatre company sang troupe called house living trailers sisters traveling place place said like growing eventually reached started writing songs composing material returned montreal new songs produce second album living road released entirely spanish living road included songs english french spanish year tour followed release living road taking group countries collaborated variety artists guest singer track hurts waiting moon album later joined singer stuart staples duet track leaving feeling found leaving songs album appeared guest albums french singers arthur french gypsy music group bbc radio named best world music artist americas categories world music awards living road nominated best culture crossing album album year win song road placed annual compilation award winners bbc cited arabic trumpet song stunning moment album filmed video song con directed henry video nominated award win international film festival video named music video year published french language book titled route road sings book offers experiences impressions life road sisters music childhood album released april canada europe fewer musicians involved production month heard title track patrick watson album wooden arms album recorded released diagnosed breast cancer album closing song described jan guardian written viewpoint knows death near said song inner happiness feeling feet earth having place world things taking care illness canceled proposed world tour begun late set aside plans album songs written victor death following month long battle breast cancer died age evening january home montreal survived partner ryan parents siblings cremated accordance wishes january funeral ceremony held family friends ukrainian national federation hall montreal cemetery plot stone notre dame des cemetery montreal following death montreal days collaborator patrick watson said friends felt message experimental group wrote song dedicated snow day sold memorial concert called route community held january theatre montreal honoring life musicians collaborated performed artists moore thomas plants animals manager david collaborator watson originated concept memorial concert musicians met watson studio open concert brothers played sarah miles joe grass interpreting small song performers included watson mario arthur brazilian born singer second added following night accommodate demand tickets january jim devoted episode radio program weekly quebec music tribute summer june memorial ceremony took place france ashes dispersed small river flows mediterranean_sea madonna audio documentary moves worlds remembering combined previously unpublished conversation interviews responses conversation band members friends documentary aired january inside music discography living road filmography con rising cold souls


black patrick black born february american singer songwriter musician multi record producer actor signed rca_records black debut album time produced straight number singles billboard hot country singles tracks charts momentum gradually slowed 1990s black consistently charted hit songs 2000s singles billboard country charts reached number addition having released studio albums compilation albums black founded record label equity music group black ventured acting having cameo appearance film starring role holding legend jack early life patrick black born long branch new_jersey youngest children born ann black lived nearby red bank family moved texas black raised year old raised texas music present house black taught play harmonica wrote song father remarked age parents noticed great voice black learned play guitar teenager black joined elder brothers mark kevin brian small band saturday family host backyard invite neighborhood listen boys sing weekends attract people black eventually dropped high school play brothers solo act music career early career black initially drawn variety musical genres according father chose focus country music early 1980s singers george moved genre traditional style kept alive george jones years black supported construction worker bait cutter fishing guide singing solo singer guitarist met guitarist nicholas men connected musically began song writing partnership decades late 1980s black delivered demo collaboration home record promoter days delivery black invited meeting bill managed breakthrough black soon signed time considered aggressive labels country music album time released song album penned black attributed solely rest collaborations nicholas departure country albums black road band instead session musicians record time album critical commercial success reaching number billboard country albums_chart certified platinum single better man reached number billboard hot country songs early june marked time years debut single male artist peaked chart total singles debut album reached number time country artist accomplished feat black won country music association horizon award best newcomer end year singles better man time place number number year end country singles charts years artist claimed spots single year looking early stages career black recalled point knew crossed line obscurity felt like matter happened point remembered time kind mixed feeling remorse excitement late los_angeles_times surveyed country music industry determine acts expected sell records seven years black placed second poll votes brooks survey results surprising artists named relative newcomers industry past country music dominated artists decades experience new acts confused reviewers reviewers new acts newsweek david gates wrote good song good voice hot band cares time black soon known nashville hat acts like country artists brooks jackson mark black relative newcomer wore hat clean sound pop appeal time certified platinum black second album shoes released november reached number country chart pop album charts success pop charts resulted change way billboard calculated album sales new reliance nielsen_soundscan instead information selected record stores showed sales country albums previously album meet critical acclaim debut nonetheless included hit singles began touring alabama black began dating actress lisa couple kept relationship quiet picture published week engaged couple married texas october black member grand lawsuits hard way march black sued manager bill breach contract black sought million damages requested return million royalties terms initial contract controlled publishing royalties song black wrote wrote albums black wrote music amounted fee cents album sold industry standards generally songwriters form publication companies able retain royalties promptly blaming initial lawsuit poor advice black received new personal assistant mother law lawyer told press invested million money black career time commitment black little gratitude honor contracts black albums sold combined million copies difficulties caused delay release black album hard way released july album expected year previously delay country music scene changed jackson travis achieved greater success billy ray cyrus teen idol competition black faced earlier albums according black producer james spent time putting album preceding lot aggressive way cut mixed album black satisfied vocals album songs hard way including burn initially reported black responses situation nicholas refuted rumors maintaining songs written late 1980s promote album black launched hard way tour june tour ran months reviewers noticed album black presented new image wearing clothing cases leaving trademark hat black commented simply bored wearing hat time continued success black fourth album time kill released year hard way album received mixed reviews houston_chronicle noted black duet bad goodbye precisely kind radio ready big production ballad record companies tend force artists sense careers trouble sticks like sore thumb body work hand review time magazine thought duet helped black emotions intensely reviewers noted songs album black voice sounded strained emotion followed platinum certified album album accounted straight hits number mind write came number number summer number title track finally number life gets away number country hits canada black fourth country music singer earn star hollywood walk fame later year released greatest hits package led chart like rain spent weeks number came number half way single payment miss black album released mediocre reviews allmusic said album attempt change sound country previous efforts lead single holding duet single land outside number peak year soon recovered chart momentum number followed straight chart album steve penned title track shoes wearing singles number strings number don need successful black released relied completely acoustic instruments thought album sounds electric album creative arrangements horn sections songs albums remakes previous black singles featured guest appearances black idols including kenny idle songs tended longer played country radio stretching minutes later career black welcomed child lily pearl black black took year break music industry stay home daughter explained ended smart career real smart dad wouldn try career exchange black spent time career deciding unwilling work current recording industry system formed record label equity music group black admitted difficult leave years label sold million records new label operated different rules black begun career artists guaranteed ownership songs granted equity stake label release new label black album spend time eighth studio album black release years houston_chronicle called arguably adventurous career black released songs logic black chose title album limit simple topics past explained went bought music grew didn spent months listening stuff started making records don williams jim discovered simplicity song moved away emotional journey songs moved inspired black continued record new material released single strong original song recorded write song included digital released march titled long cool collection features black single long cool woman strong duet wife titled equity music group closed doors december economic difficulties black judge 8th annual independent music awards support independent artists present return music closure label black intermittently hinted new album issued barrel exclusive album featured recorded versions biggest hits new songs black stated hired musicians played original versions perform new ones songs approached fresh angle close originals possible early black appeared joe superstar special featured modern artists teaming older icons influenced music july reported black signed new record deal independent label thirty tigers release album new studio material fall record title revealed shortly purpose release date september songwriting country singers fill albums primarily material rca_records pushed black record material artists refused black recorded songs released single strong songs result collaboration nicholas collaboration straight factory took minutes write nicholas later comment weren easy listeners young man release album remarkably mature perspective according black song sing learn somebody true feeling trying meaning write line thing looking perspective driving road listening gon songs clever use creative turns phrase songs earlier albums widely appreciated fourth album reviewers felt songs high quality mitchell houston_chronicle stated opinion hard way clever substitute heartfelt emotion film television shortly music career took began receiving offers acting roles turned request offered bit star comedy film required little actual acting movie release black received increasing number calls directors thought perfect particular role black appeared television shows including wings larry starred television film holding legend jack based star jack favor falsely accused double murders louisiana lisa black portrayed favor jack wife black major role television movie going home appeared briefly film anger management presence reality television shows black appeared nashville star acted mentor contestants later produced debut album series winner buddy appeared las_vegas black contestant short lived cbs reality secret talents stars practiced stand comedy following year competed second season celebrity apprentice fired eleventh task placing fifth place returned member joan rivers victorious team season finale black appeared abc extreme home edition black enjoyed television experiences describing acting way expand creative canvas love challenge believes fans musician stepping television film temporarily recently appeared movies july black appeared episode lifetime reality series coming home documents servicemen women returning loved ones surprise episode featured helping children write song army captain father returning afghanistan surprise family july black surprised history detectives pbs episode pays visit nashville residence uncover story artifact given wife decades ago musical styles legacy george nelson black biggest musical influences style traditional country voice described smooth initially compared black self taught harmonica guitar bass early age studio albums plays acoustic guitar harmonica percussion electric guitar bass concert plays primarily guitar play drums harmonica personal life wife lisa daughter lily pearl black born lived nashville tennessee living laurel canyon los_angeles california awards academy country music album year time male vocalist new male vocalist single year better man vocal event year lisa black said american music awards favorite country new artist country music association horizon award male vocalist year discography studio albums time shoes hard way time kill emotion spend time songs logic purpose compilations greatest_hits greatest_hits love songs said filmography country pride toby toby anger management going home warren holding legend jack jack favor sweet faced wings love brian montana christmas skies black john denver