class torpedo boat class high seas torpedo boats built austro hungarian navy total boats built companies letter boat number indicating manufacturer small variations manufacturers mainly steam turbines funnels boats group designated built located sixteen boats group designated built shipyards group boats designated manufactured boats saw service world war performing convoy escort tasks anti submarine operations widely war class suffered losses available sources indicate involved engagements guns boat placed anti aircraft mount terms treaty saint boats transferred countries including seven romania portugal greece newly created kingdom serbs later yugoslavia thirteen boats class lost scrapped including portuguese boats world war remaining greek boats sunk axis aircraft german led invasion greece april surviving yugoslav boats captured italians axis invasion yugoslavia april operated regia marina immediately following italian capitulation september yugoslav boat sunk german aircraft scuttled italian crew fell allied hands rest seized germans boats taken germans handed navy independent state croatia destroyed royal_navy motor torpedo boats transferred yugoslav navy world war continued serve taken service operated german_navy german kriegsmarine croatian crew sunk royal_air_force aircraft surviving croatian boat handed yugoslav navy war served remaining romanian boats performed escort tasks black_sea taken soviet navy serving black_sea fleet end war finally stricken late background austria-hungary naval technical committee initiated design development long ton coastal torpedo boat capable sustaining knots mph hours specification based expectation adriatic_sea meets sea blockaded hostile forces future conflict circumstances need torpedo boat sail austro hungarian navy base darkness locate attack blockading ships return port morning steam turbine power selected propulsion necessary power available austro hungarian navy practical experience run turbo electric boats description construction selected contract build vessels ahead despite specifications contract close requirements coastal torpedo boat boats classified sea going boats parsons turbines driving propeller shafts tender requested boats reduced price percent total sixteen boats ordered boats powered turbines funnels single funnel boats contract went turbines boats funnels boats groups steam generated yarrow water tube boilers burned fuel oil coal completed boats armed guns torpedo tubes vessel carry naval mines group group built port april december waterline length beam normal draught designed displacement tonnes long tons displaced tonnes long tons fully loaded crew consisted officers enlisted men parsons turbines rated shp maximum output shp designed reach speed knots mph carried tonnes long tons coal tonnes long tons fuel oil gave range nmi knots mph group boats originally armed guns torpedo tubes changed guns torpedo tubes boat completed order armament following group machine gun added turbines initially installed problems significant power propulsion machinery rebuilt launched second time june group group built nearby october december waterline length beam normal draught designed displacement tonnes long tons displaced tonnes long tons fully loaded crew consisted officers enlisted men turbines rated shp maximum output shp boats designed reach speed knots mph trials produced shp reached speed knots mph carried long tons coal long tons fuel oil gave range nmi knots mph italy declared war austria-hungary incomplete group boats towed completed safety taken taken resulted delays completion boats group group built march march waterline length beam normal draught designed displacement tonnes long tons displaced tonnes long tons fully loaded crew consisted officers enlisted men turbines rated shp maximum output shp boats designed reach speed knots mph carried coal fuel oil range nmi knots mph service history world war outbreak world war comprised 1st torpedo group 3rd torpedo craft division austro hungarian 1st torpedo craft flotilla boats saw service performing convoy escort tasks anti submarine operations conducted patrols supported seaplane raids italian coast inadequate funding class essentially coastal vessels despite original intention high seas operations morning bombardment fleet action involved targets province adriatic ports near italian shore battery returned fire hitting light cruiser damaging guns boat placed anti aircraft mount late september squadron destroyers torpedo boats supporting air attack italian airfield flying boats destroying italian squadron withdrew high speed darkness intercepted italian squadron destroyers sent support italian air raid resultant minute melee austro hungarian destroyers damaged squadron retreated minefields hit italian fire resulting casualty june escort force failed protect austro hungarian dreadnought italian motor torpedo boats sank action fired italian vessels score hit elements austro hungarian fleet february plot discovered motive appeared nationalism czech tried convicted executed firing squad october albania port bombarded multinational allied naval force escaped minor damage major action involving austro hungarian navy post world war transfers provisions treaty saint austro hungarian warships surrendered allies class torpedo boats distributed romania portugal greece newly created kingdom serbs later yugoslavia follows world war thirteen boats class lost scrapped including portuguese boats time axis balkan campaign april yugoslav boats assigned southern sector coastal defence command based bay craft comprised 3rd torpedo division located april boats 3rd torpedo division vessels tasked support attack italian coast subjected italian air attacks sailed area lake remained april april 3rd torpedo division arrived island refused follow orders sail bay yugoslav boats service captured italians german led axis invasion yugoslavia surviving greek boats sunk aircraft german invasion greece april sunk april italian squadron dive bomber group later sunk athens april april april south peninsula following day german aircraft romanian boats initially deployed soviet navy black_sea fleet following launch operation june allocated 3rd section romanian navy july motor torpedo boats sank soviet submarine southern romanian coast near october romanian torpedo boats escort group laid minefields bulgarian coast protect axis shipping sunk soviet aircraft august survived world war having transferred soviet black_sea fleet late august romania changed sides joined allies serving respectively yugoslav boats served royal italian navy italian regia marina yugoslav designations fitted anti aircraft guns place guns significant alterations italians september germans seized transferred navy independent state croatia renamed continued croatian service end war seized germans renamed time german service exclusively croatian officers sailors complement increased germans fitted single anti aircraft guns sunk port royal_air_force february returned royal yugoslav navy exile december scuttled italians september avoid falling german hands german control handed navy independent state croatia served yugoslav designation crew came influence yugoslav partisans preparing mutiny germans intervened sunk royal_navy island june sunk german aircraft italian control september post world war seven class torpedo boats survived world war yugoslav service soviet service transferred yugoslav navy war armed guns single mounts guns torpedo tubes removed continued yugoslav service october transferred yugoslav navy war renamed fitted guns single mounts gun torpedo tubes removed served broken returned romania october stricken following month books websites


austria-hungary class submarine boat built operated austro hungarian navy german und kriegsmarine kriegsmarine world war design based submarines royal danish navy class built austria-hungary largely obsolete beginning war feet long armed bow torpedo tubes deck gun machine gun construction began mid boat launched september suffering damage diving trial january underwent seven months repairs commissioning august boat conducted patrols coast october experienced failure seal main hatch repairs kept boat action june july diesel engine broke knocking submarine rest war end world war ceded italy war scrapped wartime successes design construction apparent austro hungarian navy world war short moved bolster boat fleet seizing plans danish class submarines built austro hungarian navy happy design largely obsolete design plans available begun immediately domestic shipyards austro hungarian navy placed orders sister boats march boats class built navy yard demands hungarian government class divided hungarian austrian firms politically solution worsened technical problems design resulting numerous modifications delays class general ocean going submarine displaced metric tons long tons surfaced metric tons long tons submerged designed complement feet inches long beam feet draft feet propulsion featured single shaft single diesel engine surface running single shp electric motor submerged travel capable knots surfaced knots submerged specific range class class based range nautical miles knots surfaced nautical miles knots submerged armed torpedo tubes located carried complement torpedoes equipped deck gun machine gun service career launched august class boats diving trial january submarine damaged sank deep requiring repairs took place seven months commissioned august command hugo von year old native von time boat commander days commissioning safely submerged depth metres nose hit test dive september necessitating repairs september von steered boat submarine base arrived october october set patrol coast albania returned mid october october von departed begin mediterranean deployment slated sail sea instead turn following day main hatch seal conning tower leaked repaired october return sailed arriving october undergo lengthy stay port repairs repair von transferred robert assigned new commander march year old served commander months led june making stops route repairs july conducting patrols coast diesel engine broke july towed remained end war ceded italy war scrapped like sister boats wartime successes


sms sms ironclad warship built austro hungarian navy 1880s vessel type built austria-hungary ship named crown princess austria laid november launched april completed july armed pair centimeter guns open barbettes speed knots mph service limited large rapid pace naval development 1890s quickly rendered result career generally limited routine training occasional visit foreign countries took international naval demonstration force compromise greek ottoman claims island crete decommissioned converted barracks ship austria-hungary defeat world war ship transferred italy war prize eventually broken scrap design decades followed austrian victory battle naval expenditure austro hungarian empire drastically reduced large veto power hungarian half empire held surrounded potentially hostile countries powers land austro hungarian empire concerned threats naval development admiral friedrich von argued years improve strength austro hungarian fleet finally winning authorization build center battery ship spent years trying vain secure sister ship called fleet armored warships ultimately resort budgetary hand funds allocated ironclad ferdinand max build entirely new vessel attempted conceal deception referring ship officially ferdinand max actual ferdinand max anchored school ship general characteristics machinery meters long perpendiculars long overall beam draft displaced metric tons long tons hull constructed transverse longitudinal steel frames extensively subdivided watertight compartments improve ship resistance flooding ship equipped ram bow manufactured germany krupp fitted pole masts equipped fighting tops light guns crew number officers enlisted men ship powered pair compound steam engines driving screw propellers engines built sons field britain number type coal fired boilers provided steam engines survived funnels propulsion system rated provide indicated horsepower speed knots mph armament armor armed main battery centimeter caliber guns mounted singly open barbette placed forward battery deck maximize end fire guns manufactured krupp carriages carried built armstrong mitchell guns fired kilogram shell charge brown powder produced muzzle velocity metres second open barbettes provided wide field fire slow firing guns rapidly rendered obsolete successful application quick firing technology large caliber artillery pieces main battery supported secondary battery caliber guns built krupp mounted gun ports amidships carried guns close range defense torpedo boats seven caliber guns shorter caliber pieces built hotchkiss gun armament rounded pair caliber guns pair caliber landing guns use landing parties customary capital ships period carried torpedo tubes mounted bow stern broadside protected compound armor manufactured works germany ship protected armored belt thick barbette main battery thick conning tower sides thick service history built shipyard keel laid november ironclad laid austro hungarian navy launched april completed july following year german emperor kaiser invited austro hungarian fleet annual fleet training exercises august ironclad protected cruiser kaiser joseph sent germany command rear admiral von route squadron visits gibraltar britain stop ships took reviewed queen_victoria ships stopped copenhagen denmark sweden voyage austria-hungary squadron visited france italy celebrations honor anniversary christopher columbus trans atlantic voyage held countries kaiser joseph represented austria-hungary ceremonies genoa italy columbus birthplace fleet maneuvers mobilized train alongside ironclads kaiser max don juan austria vessels took international naval demonstration crete period tension greece ottoman_empire culminated turkish war austro hungarian contingent included armored cruiser und maria torpedo cruisers tiger leopard destroyers torpedo boats largest squadron demonstration british italian fleets austria-hungary displeased settlement left crete greek ruler nominally turkish control withdrew ships march members international fleet ship regarded austro hungarian navy second rate vessel years service rapid pace naval development late 19th century quickly rendered decommissioned austro hungarian navy attempted sell ship attempt raise funds new projects deal fell barracks ship warfare school served role duration world war following conclusion conflict ceded italy war prize eventually broken scrap

SMS Kronprinzessin Erzherzogin Stephanie


austria-hungary boat submarine austro hungarian navy world war launched french class submarine captured rebuilt service austro hungarian navy war end submarine returned france restored launched july toulon completed measured feet long displaced nearly metric tons long tons surface metric tons long tons submerged outbreak world war august assigned duty mediterranean mid december commander conceived plan infiltrate austro hungarian navy main base december attempt vessel harbor defenses austro hungarian ships sank killing crew remainder taken prisoner austro hungarian navy small largely obsolete boat fleet immediately began salvage efforts succeeded raising lightly damaged submarine early february refit boat commissioned june little success early career commander fell ill october replaced von damaged depth charge attack february underwent extensive modernization november resuming duty von sank ship april successful patrol august sank ships including reportedly largest cargo ship world day span january von replaced commander successors able match accomplishments sank ships combined gross register nearly tons returned france end war rejoined french_navy july remained service scrapped design construction boat class authorized program class boats diesel powered versions steam powered class submarines authorized year like boats named months french republican calendar scientists named marie class designed french naval designer featured double hull boats feet inches long feet inches draft feet inches surfaced displacement metric tons long tons surfaced metric tons long tons submerged like submarines class featured inch bow torpedo tube carry torpedoes built deck gun class featured twin propeller shafts driven french license built man cylinder diesel engines surface electric motors submerged diesel engines generated total brake horsepower submarine knots mph surface electric motors generated shaft horsepower propel boat knots mph submerged traveling surface knots mph range nautical miles submarine range submerged nautical miles knots mph laid arsenal toulon launched july completed commissioned french_navy french career sinking like class submarines began world war service mediterranean french submarines appear adriatic december insistence french irish commander departed base sea tow french armored cruiser charge nautical miles site austro hungarian navy main base departed leaving proceed austro hungarian base arrived day began entrance harbor observed entrance exit paths austro hungarian vessels plotted course deployed defensive mines december took observe anti submarine net ran opening long defensive built submarines naval base believing accounted defensive measures took depth feet early december attempting harbor heard sounds chains wires dragging submarine hull sounds stopped half minute brought depth discover penetrated outer net forward momentum carried second net submarine trapped net forced surface fresh air came fire austro hungarian destroyer torpedo boat quickly sank men board killed attack survivors included commander taken prisoner salvage austro hungarian career beginning world war austro hungarian navy boat fleet consisted largely experimental submarines classes navy larger modern submarines class construction germany outbreak war navy convinced delivery boats impossible sold germany november amidst austro hungarian efforts replace unavailable boats largely intact resting depth metres focus salvage efforts beginning december day sinking salvage crews raised submarine stages finally bringing surface february assigned designation commissioned austro hungarian navy command june remained command fell ill replaced mid october von command months von command successes early february joined patrol near came closest scoring success narrowly missed hitting hms british birmingham class cruiser february survived depth charge attack port externally mounted torpedoes crushed fuel tanks leaking repairs extensively modernized refit kept port february november submarine given german style conning tower replaced french designed wet platform equipped powerful diesel engines increased power output brake horsepower fighting potential enhanced installation larger fuel tanks nearly range nautical miles maximum nautical miles april patrolling coast greece scored success ton british tanker headed port arthur texas port said patrol vicinity von sank ship ton italian steamer patrol july sailed north island headed albania harbor occupied french fleet time conducted ruse flying submarine national flag french order pass new conning tower look unlike class boat french patrol plane successfully ruse crew spotted aircraft flying direction sun time aircraft drew near french markings cargo bombs apparent crew course action possible crew hats plane french pilot passed overhead returned waves apparently unaware boat true success cruise sinking greek steamer near cape war patrol successful sinking ships combined half total sunk departed submarine base august headed straits successfully barrage allied blockade italy albania heading sea von sank french steamer august nautical miles northeast malta following day sank british steamer loaded coal general cargo headed port said days british steamer sunk route alexandria victim british steamer ton turret deck ship way malta port said coal sunk night august nautical miles august von sank italian steamer nautical miles east malta tons largest ship sunk largest ships sunk boat world war reported new_york_times largest cargo ship world second largest ship sunk austro hungarian submarine concluded patrol september returned sank ships day span october october sank british ship nautical miles malta person aboard carrying military stores malta bay killed attack nearby day von sank ton good hope british ship laden iron ore ship sunk italian steamer sunk nautical miles way malta january friedrich replaced von commander turn replaced june hugo remained command end war later commanders able duplicate von success boat sank ships rest war austria-hungary surrender end world war returned france july rejoined french_navy stricken scrapped ships sunk


sms sms final armored cruiser austro hungarian navy built arsenal keel laid march launched december completed july design based previous armored cruiser kaiser primary improvement stronger armament named saint george armed main battery centimeter guns guns guns served training reserve squadrons peacetime career usually alternating kaiser april participated exposition united_states commemorate english colony north_america world war austro hungarian fleet largely remained inactive fleet bombard italian coast following declaration war austria-hungary supported austro hungarian forces raided barrage ensuing battle arrival scene sufficient force anglo italian forces break engagement retreat february crews warships grew weary war long periods inactivity led mutiny mutiny quickly suppressed ships subsequently decommissioned terms treaty saint awarded war prize britain sold italian ship breakers scrapped design 1890s austro hungarian navy began build armored cruisers support battle fleet perform roles reserved battleships vessel und maria built enlarged version protected cruiser powerful armament heavier armor followed improved cruiser kaiser provided basis larger ship named iteration carried heavier armament higher speed preceding design general characteristics machinery meters long waterline long overall beam draft displaced metric tons long tons designed long tons load crew numbered officers men fitted pole masts observation ship propulsion system consisted cylinder triple expansion engines drove pair screw propellers steam provided coal fired water tube boilers funnels centerline engines rated indicated horsepower produced speed knots mph power trials reached ihp mph steering controlled single rudder armament armor armed main battery large caliber guns medium caliber pieces carried centimeter guns single gun turret centerline forward guns fired kilogram shell muzzle velocity meters second maximum range gun manufactured works supplied high explosive armor piercing shells guns housed electrically trained turrets allowed elevation depression guns guns mounted individually casemates single turret aft rounded offensive armament carried rounds guns rounds pieces battery guns quick firing guns guns provided close range defense torpedo boats guns actual caliber rate fire rounds minute gun supplied rounds ammunition guns rate fire rounds minute typically stocked rounds carried smaller weapons including pair millimeter machine guns landing guns gun installed equipped pair torpedo tubes broadside ship protected main armored belt thick central portion protected ammunition magazines machinery spaces reduced end transverse armored bulkheads thick capped armored belt end armored deck thick gun turrets thick faces conning tower thick sides service history march keel laid arsenal launched december completed july starting commissioning frequently served training squadron class battleships alternated squadron armored cruiser kaiser summer training schedule completed year ships training squadron reserve squadron held state partial readiness april light cruiser sent united_states represent austria-hungary exposition commemoration anniversary colony permanent english settlement americas addition celebration visited new_york_city trip addition austro hungarian delegation international fleet consisted warships great_britain japan germany france italy nations event started april following weeks crews ships including competed sailing rowing races eighteen races crew placed winning world war june ferdinand heir austro hungarian throne assassinated assassination sparked july crisis ultimately world war broke month later july german battlecruiser sms assigned mediterranean division sought protection austro hungarian fleet admiral sent fleet including south august assist german ally commander admiral intended use austro hungarian distract british mediterranean_fleet pursuing instead took ship constantinople ottoman_empire mission complete rest fleet returned port engaging british forces following italian declaration war central powers entire austro hungarian fleet sortied bombard italian coastal targets took operation escorted pair torpedo boats shelled city damaged railroad bridge engaged italian forces austro hungarians returned strategy serving fleet tie allied naval forces hoped torpedo boats mines reduce numerical superiority italian fleet decisive battle fought war assigned cruiser flotilla based slow operate newer class cruisers carried bulk offensive operations battle battle deployed support light cruisers commanded captain raided barrage southern adriatic completing attack allied defenses cruisers turned north engaged british italian warships including british cruiser hms called reinforcements led sortie accompanied destroyers torpedo boats austro hungarians hoped cut weaker allied cruisers destroy steaming join battle hit shells damaged boilers significantly reducing speed soon broke time shortly allied warships broke engagement having spotted smoke horizon austro hungarian reinforcements time nautical miles away allied ships withdrawing italian destroyers closed attack stricken sister ships heavy austro hungarian fire drove retreated rest anglo italian ships arrived took tow voyage port cruisers assembled line ahead formation vessel line cover ships later afternoon old coastal defense ship torpedo boats joined ships strengthen escort mutiny early long periods inactivity begun wear crews warships including time flagship cruiser flotilla commanded rear admiral alexander february mutiny broke starting aboard enlisted man shot ship commander head badly injuring seized control ship rapidly gained control kaiser major warships harbor resistance mutiny wireless operators aboard prevented message announcing mutiny sent rest fleet crews active vessels tended oppose rebellion tense stand began rebel loyalist ships harbor destroyer steamed trained torpedo tubes recalled chief staff commander moved prepare ship torpedoes gunners aimed guns convinced issued lengthy list demands ranged longer periods leave end war based united_states president wilson fourteen points following day ships abandoned effort rejoined loyalist forces inner harbor light cruisers torpedo boats escaped guns followed larger vessels late day men aboard handful destroyers torpedo boats remained rebellion morning february arrival class battleships iii division convinced surrender trials commenced quickly men executed including sailor shot commander fate aftermath mutiny obsolete warships austro hungarian navy including decommissioned reduce number idle warships november austro hungarian government signed armistice villa italy ending participation conflict end war ceded war prize great_britain terms treaty saint sold ship breakers italy broken scrap


austria-hungary lead boat class submarines boats built operated austro hungarian navy german und kriegsmarine kriegsmarine world war submarine built plan evaluate foreign submarine designs boats class built design american john philip holland laid april launched february double submarine feet long displaced metric tons short tons depending surfaced submerged design inadequate ventilation exhaust twin gasoline engines crew boat commissioned austro hungarian navy april served training boat making cruises month beginning world war submarine scored wartime successes year war command von french armoured cruiser sunk april largest ship sunk sinking italian troop transport ship june loss men worst naval disaster world war terms human lives lost hit sank loss men raised rebuilt recommissioned sank ships end war ceded italy war scrapped sank ships totaling gross register tons grt design construction built plan austro hungarian navy evaluate foreign submarine designs simon lake john philip holland austro hungarian navy authorized construction sister ship boat designed american john philip holland licensed holland company electric boat laid april united_states partially assembled shipped final assembly process author notes caused lot trouble launched february towed august design featured single hull shaped body bore strong resemblance modern nuclear submarines feet inches long feet inches draft feet inches displaced metric tons short tons surfaced metric tons short tons submerged centimeter bow torpedo tubes featured unique cloverleaf shaped design rotated central axis boat designed carry torpedoes surface running outfitted gasoline engines suffered inadequate ventilation resulted frequent crew underwater propulsion electric motors service career commissioned austro hungarian navy april urban command years served primarily training boat making training cruises month hosted delegation navy officers inspected june towed balloon efforts assess underwater visibility hull paint schemes outbreak world war fully operational boats austro hungarian navy fleet initially stationed submarine base moved late unsuccessful attack french battleship squadron november december ship armament augmented quick firing deck gun radio receiver installed april von assumed command following month led boat sinking french armored cruiser santa maria night april patrolling straits knots benefit destroyer screen launched torpedoes french cruiser hitting ship explosions torpedoes went minutes taking entire complement officers including rear admiral victor french ship complement killed attack survivors largest ship kind sunk victims gallery june helped search lost austro hungarian seaplane july received upgrade deck gun gun early august sent austro hungarian navy received word reconnaissance aircraft italian submarine sighted morning august italian submarine surface moored cliff island harbor surfaced offshore commanding officer del cast lines shot von boat launched single torpedo missed del ordered boat submerged lined shot launched single torpedo slowly target striking sending hands italian captain received actions end august captured grt greek steamer prize late november friedrich succeeded von commanding officer unsuccessful attack italian class destroyer june boat managed torpedo italian armed merchant cruiser cape day according contemporary account ships transporting troops escort destroyers torpedo hit went quickly loss men ship hit gallery conducting training cruise channel near stern struck boat sank depth meters loss men board submarine raised november underwent refit new conning tower added deck gun upgraded time gun completion recommissioned war successes career sank total ships totaling grt war end transferred venice inspected british military commissions later ceded italy war scrapped


austria-hungary class boat submarine austro hungarian navy built hungarian firm launched october commissioned january single hull feet length displaced nearly metric tons long tons surfaced metric tons long tons submerged diesel engines moved knots surface twin electric motors propelled knots underwater armed bow torpedo tubes carry load torpedoes equipped deck gun machine gun service career sank ships damaged sending combined grt war end surrendered venice march granted france war tow scrapping design construction austria-hungary boat fleet largely obsolete outbreak world war austro hungarian navy satisfied urgent needs purchasing type submarines comprised class germany raising sunken french submarine building submarines class based danish class steps urgent needs austro hungarian navy selected german type design newest submarines mid germans reluctant wartime resources austro hungarian construction willing sell plans boats constructed license austria-hungary navy agreed proposal purchased plans bremen displaced metric tons long tons surfaced metric tons long tons submerged single hull saddle tanks feet inch long beam feet inches draft feet inches propulsion shafts twin diesel engines surface running twin electric motors shp submerged travel capable knots surfaced knots submerged specific range conway world fighting ships german boats class based range nautical miles knots surfaced nautical miles knots submerged class boats designed crew armed bow torpedo tubes carry complement torpedoes equipped deck gun machine gun intricate political negotiations production class austrian hungarian firms ordered october laid march launched october service career underwent diving trials way november january commissioned austro hungarian navy command leo year old native previously served commander departed patrol january destined duty mediterranean day boat encountered severe storm near damaged steered boat harbor wait storm departing 25th resume journey mediterranean submarine developed leak performing test dive headed repairs lasted january february boat set reached days journey took february begin delayed patrol mediterranean 20th encountered severe storm suffering damage boat continued february sea rendezvous march boat broke necessitating return port days later neared encountered storm damaging ship boat headed base repairs remained early april april set touched continued mediterranean second patrol nautical miles cape torpedoed sank steamer traveling ballast took master ton british ship captive men lost lives attack days later nautical miles away torpedoed british india line passenger steamer gross register tons grt ship route calcutta london general cargo finished deck gun master taken prisoner persons died attack broke april forcing boat return repairs second mediterranean tour ended docked boat april mediterranean deployment began departed days sea torpedoed british cargo ship nautical miles cape took ton ship master captive sources disagree number casualties went place number escorting destroyers launched depth charge attack succeed damaging boat days later launched torpedo attack british steamer marie sink ship arrived brief time port set mediterranean june day boat came attack airplane compelling crash dive bombs dropped aircraft hit mark patrol ended success docked july return july boat underwent extensive repairs kept action months march newly refitted boat sailed departing port mediterranean tour march near day italian destroyer attempted ram propellers conning tower damage slight continued mediterranean storm sea 27th april launched torpedo attack thought cargo ship fact british protected cruiser hit damaged sink suffered casualties attack following day attempted torpedo ship convoy missed exposed depth charge attack convoy escorts boat ended patrol successes june austro hungarian navy planned assault barrage similar action evolved battle straits deployed june advance attack seven separate groups participating attack dreadnoughts came attack italian torpedo boats early morning hours june hit sank entire operation called returned june months operated adriatic patrolling coast command passed friedrich september year old native present day italy previously commanded like served stint commander assuming command set sail day boat encounters torpedo boats september date crash dive avoid bombing attack allied seven bombs hit mark returned september robert replaced commander september like served commander recently commanded day assuming command headed coast patrolled armistice bulgaria september ended bulgaria participation war gained importance remaining central powers main port supplying forces fighting balkans anticipating allies force bombard second attacking force got position bombard town sister boat attack able hit damage british cruiser blocked screening ships attacked allied escorts mainly american submarine subjected heavy depth charge attack able way october weeks patrolled montenegro arrival november moored coastal battleship monarch remained awarded france war towed sister boats scrapping way total sank ships combined damaged warship ships sunk damaged damaged sunk


sms sms pre dreadnought battleship built austro hungarian navy early 20th century launched september second class battleships sister ships participated bombardment world war shortage coal soon decommissioned bombardment harbor defense ship remainder war war class battleships ceded great_britain war prizes scrapped italy construction layout second battleships class hull laid june shipyard following years construction launched september final fitting work finished fully ready service commissioned austro hungarian navy june like ships class long waterline overall length beam draft approximately forward aft displaced metric tons long tons construction finished commissioned navy crew officers enlisted men powered shaft cylinder vertical triple expansion engines supplied steam belleville boilers power output rated indicated horsepower produced speed knots mph hull ship constructed longitudinal transverse steel frames outer hull plates place hull incorporated double ran ship length series watertight bulkheads extended keel gun deck total watertight compartments ship metacentric height mounted hull reduce rolling prevent flush main deck wood upper decks covered guns mounted twin turret forward mounted single turret aft main superstructure type guns manufactured krupp germany main guns fired rate armor piercing shells minute secondary armament consisted guns casemates guns fire shells minute built face hardened steel main armored belt central portion ship ammunition magazines machinery spaces critical areas located belt tapered slightly end central section service history peacetime took fleet maneuvers sister ship sister commissioned summer participated successive fleet drills following series simulated war games pitting sister ships monarch class battleships class ships battleship division new division active mediterranean region underwent training cruise monarch class battleships january joined year voyage mediterranean_sea commissioning class battleships class ships transferred battleship division monarch class battleships moved iii battleship division superstructure decks removed reduce weight world war early world war transferred austro hungarian navy division new class battleships came service time sister ships remainder austro hungarian navy mobilized support flight sms july august german ships stationed mediterranean attempting break surrounded british vessels breaking german ships planned steam turkey germans successfully broke austro hungarian navy recalled fleet time advanced far south southeastern coast italy italy entered war france great_britain austro hungarian navy bombarded italian port cities adriatic coast took bombardment coal shortage later decommissioned harbor defense ship half war crew transferred man new boats aircraft following war sister ships awarded great_britain war prizes sold italy broken scrap


sms monarch sms monarch majesty ship monarch lead ship monarch class coastal defense ships built austro hungarian navy 1890s commissioning monarch monarch class ships training cruises mediterranean_sea early 1900s monarch sisters formed 1st capital ship division austro hungarian navy replaced newly commissioned class battleships turn century monarchs placed reserve recommissioned annual summer training exercises start world war recommissioned assigned 5th division sisters division sent august attack french artillery bombarding port monarch remained rest war ship decommissioned early accommodation ship awarded great_britain paris peace conference british sold scrap broken italy beginning description construction tonnes long tons maximum displacement monarch class half size battleships major navies time officially designated coast defense ships austria-hungary coastline adriatic_sea austro hungarian government believed role navy solely defend nation coast monarch overall length meters beam meters draft meters cylinder vertical triple expansion steam engines produced total indicated horsepower steam cylindrical boilers gave ship maximum speed knots mph monarch maximum load metric tons coal gave range nautical miles speed knots mph manned officers enlisted men total personnel armament monarch class consisted millimeter krupp guns mounted twin gun turrets fore aft superstructure ships carried rounds gun secondary armament millimeter guns located casemates superstructure defense torpedo boats provided quick firing millimeter guns millimeter hotchkiss guns ships mounted millimeter torpedo tubes broadside torpedo tube provided torpedoes ship steel waterline armor belt millimeters thick gun turrets protected millimeters armor casemates millimeters thick sides conning tower millimeters armor monarch deck armor millimeters thick monarch class ships ordered monarch built naval arsenal ship laid july launched maria wife commissioned service history monarch sisters formed navy 1st capital ship division division division training cruise eastern mediterranean port visits greece lebanon turkey malta later year early training cruise western mediterranean port visits algeria spain france italy albania ship fitted radio early following year ships division inspected ferdinand heir throne march monarch class ships formed 2nd capital ship division took cruise adriatic mediterranean seas training exercises class battleships engaged sisters simulated combat maneuvers marked time squadrons consisting modern battleships operated austro hungarian navy summer ran aground night exercise island took tries pull monarchs relegated newly formed reserve squadron january recommissioned annual summer exercises participated fleet review ferdinand conducted channel near september ships briefly recommissioned beginning 4th division start second balkan war decommissioned march early monarch cruise levant dreadnoughts ship crew came smallpox egypt caused ship weeks world war beginning world war monarchs recommissioned 5th division sent bay august attack artillery batteries mount bombarding austro hungarian naval base fortifications defending monarch sisters arrived august guns elevate engage enemy artillery reinforced french guns october battleship summoned deal guns days later managed knock french guns forced withdraw october monarch remained rest war deter attacks ship crew joined mutiny early february weeks later accommodation ship submarine crews based nearby monarch handed great_britain war january broken scrap italy


austria-hungary class submarine austro hungarian navy german und kriegsmarine kriegsmarine world war originally german type submarine commissioned german_imperial_navy german kaiserliche_marine constructed germany shipped rail assembled launched commissioned german_imperial_navy april sank italian submarine june boat handed austria-hungary commissioned june early fired british submarine missed end war handed italy war scrapped design construction small coastal submarine displaced tonnes long tons surfaced tonnes long tons submerged featured single shaft single diesel engine surface running single shp electric motor submerged travel capable knots mph surfaced knots mph submerged diving depth metres designed crew officers men equipped torpedo tubes located carried complement torpedoes german type submarines additionally equipped machine gun clear sources german boat fitted retained austro hungarian service october armament supplemented gun laid november bremen submarine shipped rail sections sections known surviving record long took sections assembled similar ship built weeks operational history commissioned german_imperial_navy command von april austro hungarian navy officer assigned boat training purposes june sank italian submarine loss tons northern adriatic like type class submarines equipped tanks designed flood offset loss pound torpedoes function correctly firing depth boat firing weight taken depths torpedoed sank tank failed properly compensate forcing crewmen run stern offset trim prevent ship sinking june handed austro hungarian navy commissioned command retained german crew june replaced austro hungarian early unsuccessfully attacked british submarine gulf sank ships austro hungarian service handed italy war scrapped summary raiding history


austria-hungary class submarine boat built operated austro hungarian navy german und kriegsmarine kriegsmarine world war design based submarines royal danish navy class built austria-hungary largely obsolete beginning war feet long armed bow torpedo tubes deck gun machine gun february sunk hands italian torpedo boat italian torpedo boat attempting attack italian transport wartime successes design construction apparent austro hungarian navy world war short moved bolster boat fleet seizing plans danish class submarines built austro hungarian navy happy design largely obsolete design plans available begun immediately domestic shipyards austro hungarian navy placed orders sister boats march boats class built hungarian yard demands hungarian government class divided hungarian austrian firms politically solution worsened technical problems design resulting numerous modifications delays class general ocean going submarine displaced tonnes short tons surfaced tonnes short tons submerged designed complement feet inches long beam feet draft feet propulsion featured single shaft single diesel engine surface running single shp electric motor submerged travel capable knots surfaced knots submerged specific range class class based range nautical miles knots surfaced nautical miles knots submerged armed torpedo tubes located carried complement torpedoes equipped deck gun machine gun service career launched january known certainty commissioned author paul reports sisters entered service august november specific reports problems class suffered unreliable engines compounded poor handling characteristics boats february von commanding officer guiding boat attack italian transport straits came attack italian torpedo boat tried ram boat deployed explosive contacted submerged blew debris air sinking submarine hands like sister boats wartime successes


austria-hungary lead boat class boats submarines austro hungarian navy built austrian firm navy yard launched october commissioned february single hull feet length displaced nearly metric tons long tons surfaced metric tons long tons submerged diesel engines moved knots surface twin electric motors propeller knots underwater armed bow torpedo tubes carry load torpedoes equipped deck gun machine gun service career sank british destroyer phoenix damaged japanese destroyer sank captured ships totaling grt surrendered war end handed italy war broken following year conway world fighting ships calls austria-hungary successful submarine design construction austria-hungary boat fleet largely obsolete outbreak world war austro hungarian navy satisfied urgent needs purchasing type submarines comprised class germany raising sunken french submarine building submarines class based danish class steps urgent needs austro hungarian navy selected german type design newest submarines mid germans reluctant wartime resources austro hungarian construction willing sell plans boats constructed license austria-hungary navy agreed proposal purchased plans bremen displaced metric tons long tons surfaced metric tons long tons submerged single hull saddle tanks feet inch long beam feet inches draft feet inches propulsion shafts twin diesel engines surface running twin electric motors shp submerged travel capable knots surfaced knots submerged specific range german boats class based range nautical miles knots surfaced nautical miles knots submerged class boats designed crew armed bow torpedo tubes carried complement torpedoes equipped deck gun machine gun intricate political negotiations production class austrian hungarian firms ordered october laid early navy yard launched october service career completion commissioned austro hungarian navy february command robert von previously command von year old native vienna april von achieved kills april encountered ton greek steamship sailing genoa port said nautical miles sicily shelled sank year old greek ship days later von torpedoed greek steamer ton carrying coal barry taranto sent nautical miles cape mid participated support role raid barrage precipitated battle straits night austro hungarian cruisers attacked deployed anti submarine nets formed barrage sinking damaging taking prisoners destroyers sent simultaneously attack italian transports italy sank italian destroyer munitions ship assigned patrol force boats intended intercept british italian ships responding attacks austro hungarian posted near german assigned squadron british cruisers italian french destroyers joined battle austro hungarian cruisers ships damaged time engagement broken result attacks line barrage moved farther south maintained day success central powers offensive action raid ensuing battle june sank french sailing ship greek island days later von torpedoed japanese destroyer class destroyers japanese contribution allied effort mediterranean japanese ships performed escort service british troop convoys report engaged duty attacked japanese sailors perished attack nearly thirds complement typical class ship remained afloat repaired remained service december replaced von commander year old native previously command recorded victory january near boat torpedoed sank italian steamer january ton sailed sunk short destination malta little months pass score success late april early sank small ships greek italian including day ships reported tons torpedoed british destroyer phoenix loss phoenix attached group ships patrolling barrage torpedoed amidships starboard survived initial attack phoenix listing badly taking large quantities water attempt australian destroyer tow phoenix safety danger crew removed phoenix eventually sank position july sank ships largest reported ton sailing vessel dispatched ships july sank july august attacked ton british steamer year old ship route port said torpedoed nautical miles crete persons died ship general cargo went victims encountered mid september september french sailing ship seized prize towed port starting days later sent additional small ships including final september largest ships ton ton tons war end port boat surrendered italy war scrapped addition sinking damaging destroyers sank captured merchant ships totaling grt conway world fighting ships calls austria-hungary successful submarine ships sunk damaged damaged sunk captured prize


sms sms class dreadnought austro hungarian navy built hungarian austria-hungary company yard hungarian owned current day awarded contract build battleship return hungarian government agreeing naval budgets named hungary christian king saint stephen hungarian sister ships regarded compact powerful ships dreadnoughts service triple main gun turrets completion delayed start world war commissioned december spent bulk war anchor leaving harbour generally gunnery training final mission began evening june sailed rendezvous dreadnoughts attack barrage scheduled following day italian type motor torpedo boat employed regia marina discovered half sister early morning june returning night patrol coast penetrated past escorts torpedoed twice abreast boiler rooms flooded knocked power pumps capsized hours torpedoed crew rescued battleship sinking filmed world war wreck discovered mid-1970s upside croatian island declared protected site croatian ministry culture casual diving forbidden design differed half sisters mainly machinery shafts turbines unlike shaft arrangement ships class external differences included platform built fore funnel extended bridge funnel installed distinguishing feature modified trunk mainmast ship class fitted torpedo nets general characteristics overall length metres beam metres draught metres deep load displaced tonnes long tons load tonnes long tons deep load propeller shaft solid blade like fitting unlike type half sisters high resistance rudder laid maximum angle speed avoid heavy list hull built double metres deep reinforced inner consisted layers millimetre plates fitted curtis steam turbines housed separate engine room turbines powered boilers boiler rooms turbines designed produce total shaft horsepower designed speed knots mph figures trials known exist carried tonnes long tons coal additional tonnes long tons fuel oil sprayed coal increase burn rate capacity steam nautical miles speed knots mph mounted millimetre caliber guns triple turrets secondary armament consisted guns mounted casemates amidships millimetre guns mounted open pivot mounts upper deck casemates guns mounted upper turrets anti aircraft duties inch submerged torpedo tubes fitted bow stern broadside torpedoes carried waterline armour belt class dreadnoughts measured millimetres thick fore aft barbettes millimetres bow stern reach bow stern continued bow small patch millimetre armour upper armour belt maximum thickness millimetres millimeters forward barbette way bow armour millimetres thick sides main gun turrets barbettes main conning tower protected millimetres armour turret conning tower roofs millimetres thick thickness decks ranged millimetres layers underwater protection system consisted extension double lower edge waterline armour belt thin millimetre plate acting bulkhead backed torpedo bulkhead consisted layered millimetre plates total thickness system metres incapable containing torpedo explosion construction ship laid january company yard current day large hungarian shipyard croatia hungarian commemorating hungarian national hero company awarded contract build battleship return hungarian government agreeing naval budgets involved great expense hungarian government yard hitherto built smaller merchant ships lloyd refitted building larger vessels renamed order emperor joseph launched january customary emperor heir present launching major warship joseph heir ferdinand refused consequence anti hungarian attitudes joseph sent telegram offered heir launching accident starboard anchor dropped prevent ship hitting ship carrying spectators anchor chain ship struck killing crushing arm fitting delayed start war finally commissioned december service based duration career fact rarely left port gunnery practice nearby spent days sea days service single day trip island life spent sea rest time swung anchor harbour cleaned tenure visit new emperor december kaiser december inspection german submarine base italians conducted fewer eighty air raids undoubtedly kept crews anti aircraft gun busy sinking allies strengthened blockade result difficult german austro hungarian boats mediterranean response new measures blockading straits new commander austro hungarian navy decided launch attack allied defenders battleships scout cruisers destroyers night june left naval base june escorted destroyer torpedo boats departed troubles getting harbour defense barrage opened route harbour north rendezvous coordinated attack barrage june italian boats spotted smoke austrian ships returning uneventful patrol coast platoon commanded sunk austro hungarian coastal defense ship sms months individual boats commanded respectively boats successfully penetrated escort screen split engage dreadnoughts attacked torpedoes failed hit ship fired torpedoes successfully boats evaded pursuit discourage austro hungarian torpedo boat dropping depth charges wake thought torpedoes fired submarines pulled formation started throw attacks repeatedly fired suspected submarine rejoined half sister hit torpedoes abreast boiler rooms aft boiler room quickly flooded gave ship list starboard trim cells magazines reduced list efforts use collision plug holes failed going dreadnought steered nearby bay low speed water continued leak forward boiler room eventually boilers port killed power pumps left electricity run lights turrets trained port futile effort counter list ready ammunition thrown overboard attempt crippled battleship tow abandoned clear doomed flooding continued ship capsized island sailors died hungary low death toll partly attributed fact sailors navy learn swim entering active service film footage exists half hour taken camera official film crew films later exhibited united_states great depression wreck located mid-1970s yugoslav navy upside depth metres bow broke hit stern afloat immediately adjacent rest heavily hull holes torpedo hits visible ship deep hole torpedo fired protected site croatian ministry culture diving forbidden permission divers hungary placed wreck ceremony attended members austrian croatian governments countries austro hungarian empire consequences commander proposed attack cancelled attack thought italians discovered plan ordered ships return fact italians discover austrian dreadnoughts departed later june aerial reconnaissance photos revealed longer awarded second gold medal military sinking pre dreadnought battleship appointed knight order crown italy war installed monument del rome anniversary sinking celebrated regia marina successor marina navy day italian marina


austria-hungary class submarine boat built operated austro hungarian navy german und kriegsmarine kriegsmarine world war submarine built plan evaluate foreign submarine designs second boats class built kiel germany authorized begun march launched november towed kiel april double submarine feet long displaced tonnes short tons depending surfaced submerged design submarine poor diving qualities modifications diving planes fins occurred years austro hungarian navy armament built consisted bow torpedo tubes supply torpedoes supplemented deck gun added boat commissioned austro hungarian navy august served training boat making cruises month beginning world war start conflict operational submarines austro hungarian navy boat fleet year war unsuccessful attacks warships captured smaller vessels prizes july scored conway world fighting ships calls greatest success torpedoed sank italian armored cruiser largest ship hit war mid participant raid barrage precipitated battle straits separate action month sank second largest ship italian scored final success july sinking french total sank ships totaling gross register tons grt survived war austria-hungary longest serving submarine ceded france war scrapped design construction built plan austro hungarian navy evaluate foreign submarine designs simon lake john philip holland austro hungarian navy authorized construction sister ship kiel germany laid march launched november completion towed gibraltar arrived april design improved version design imperial_german_navy boat featured double hull internal saddle tanks engineers refined design hull shape extensive model trials feet inches long feet draft feet inches displaced tonnes short tons surfaced tonnes short tons submerged armed bow centimeter torpedo tubes designed carry torpedoes early career arrival april commissioned austro hungarian navy august evaluation class conducted navy class poor diving handling characteristics noted alleviate diving problems fins changed size shape times eventually diving planes removed stationary stern hull served training boat cruises month capacity world war beginning world war operational submarines austro hungarian navy september began operating reconnaissance cruises naval base command attacked cruiser october french vessel escaped damage late november seized grt sailing vessel del prize montenegro received radio set following month success capture boats february successful commander assumed command boat april time boat equipped centimeter quick firing deck gun gulf unsuccessfully attacked italian class cruiser june spotted british cruiser dublin escorting convoy coast despite screen destroyers able torpedo dublin san men dublin died attack cruiser way safely albeit damaged port july italian squadron ships railroads selected italian armored cruiser target torpedoed grt largest ship sunk sank loss men men survived conway world fighting ships calls sinking greatest success august sent search missing sister ship having sunk august french destroyer november unsuccessful attack british class cruiser early december dispatched small vessels gulf grt sailing vessel sunk taken prize new new installed later month january operating near gulf seized sailing vessel sank smaller boats early february sank grt french patrol vessel jean nautical miles southwest cape days later unsuccessful attack british birmingham class cruiser march participated search lost austro hungarian submarine days later sank british schooner john explosive charges island july outfitted new deck gun main gun planned class construction time august missed italian class cruiser torpedo attack days later missed torpedoes attack enemy submarine week later successfully torpedoed sank italian schooner maria unsuccessful enemy submarine attack days later august closed busy month august attacking british steamer cape months later sank italian tanker position originally sons ship went reported loss life october early sank steamer second largest ship sunk boat sea serving italian troop transport time reports casualties attack mid participated support role raid barrage precipitated battle straits night austro hungarian cruisers attacked deployed anti submarine nets formed barrage sinking damaging taking prisoners destroyers sent simultaneously attack italian transports italy sank italian destroyer munitions ship posted near force boats intended intercept british italian ships responding attacks austro hungarian assigned patrol german assigned squadron british cruisers italian french destroyers joined battle austro hungarian cruisers ships damaged time engagement broken result attacks line barrage moved farther south maintained day success central powers offensive action raid ensuing battle torpedoed sank french passenger steamer operation french_navy armed boarding ship june scored triple victory sank french greek ship taranto sank final ship july torpedoed french cape september received new conning tower arrived final time november war end ceded france war scrapped longest serving austro hungarian submarine sank total grt enemy shipping war


sms kaiser sms kaiser majesty ship kaiser second armored cruisers built austro hungarian navy built june commissioned fleet kaiser represented significant improvement preceding design und maria faster heavily armed armored provided basis design featured improvements having overseas colonies patrol austria-hungary built ship solely reinforce battle fleet kaiser spent decade service rotating training reserve squadrons alternating kaiser went major overseas cruise south_america visiting brazil argentina trans atlantic voyage austro hungarian warship outbreak war mobilized cruiser flotilla spent majority war moored lengthy inactivity eventually led mutiny february crew kaiser joined mutiny collapsed kaiser warships decommissioned reduce number idle sailors war allocated war prize britain sold ship breakers italy scrapped design 1890s austro hungarian navy began build armored cruisers support battle fleet perform roles reserved battleships vessel und maria built enlarged version protected cruiser powerful armament heavier armor maria followed improved cruiser kaiser metric tons long tons short tons heavier knots mph faster heavier armor kaiser turn provided basis larger ship named general characteristics machinery kaiser meters long waterline long overall beam draft displaced metric tons long tons short tons designed long tons short tons load crew numbered officers men kaiser fitted pole masts observation ship propulsion system consisted cylinder triple expansion engines drove pair screw propellers engines built shipyard built ship steam provided water tube boilers manufactured sons field britain engines rated indicated horsepower produced speed knots mph armament armor kaiser armed main battery large caliber guns medium caliber pieces carried centimeter guns manufactured krupp single gun turrets centerline forward aft guns mounted individually casemates rounded offensive armament armed sixteen guns built hotchkiss guns close range defense torpedo boats carried smaller weapons including pair millimeter machine guns landing guns kaiser equipped pair torpedo tubes broadside ship protected main armored belt thick central portion protected ammunition magazines machinery spaces reduced end armored deck thick gun turrets thick faces guns thick casemates conning tower thick sides thick roof service history named 18th century holy roman emperor kaiser built shipyard keel laid june completed hull launched october fitting work commenced lasted ship commissioned austro hungarian fleet starting commissioning kaiser frequently served training squadron class battleships alternated squadron armored cruiser summer training schedule completed year ships training squadron reserve squadron held state partial readiness served flagship rear admiral training squadron und maria summer maneuvers june served flagship rear admiral von commander reserve squadron major ships squadron included old ironclad cruiser sms kaiser joseph kaiser conducted trans atlantic cruise austrian vessel visited brazil argentina represented austria-hungary centennial argentina revolution won country independence spain world war june ferdinand heir austro hungarian throne assassinated assassination sparked july crisis ultimately world war broke month later july german battlecruiser sms assigned mediterranean division sought protection austro hungarian fleet admiral sent fleet including kaiser south august assist german ally commander admiral intended use austro hungarian distract british mediterranean_fleet pursuing instead took ship constantinople ottoman_empire mission complete kaiser rest fleet returned port engaging british forces august gun batteries mount began austro hungarian time kaiser large warship harbor assisted local army artillery attempting suppress hostile guns austro hungarian gunners aided navy spot fall shots september monarch class coastal defense ships arrived strengthen austro hungarian force days later french artillery battery landed montenegro reinforce guns aim eventually capturing port prompted austro hungarians send pre dreadnought battleship guns october french gun batteries french abandoned attempt seize end august fleet complete kaiser assigned cruiser flotilla commanded vice admiral paul war cruiser flotilla based armored cruisers slow operate newer class cruisers carried bulk offensive operations italy declared war central powers austro hungarians continued strategy serving fleet tie numerically superior allied naval forces hoped torpedo boats mines reduce numerical superiority italian fleet decisive battle fought early long periods inactivity begun wear crews warships including kaiser february mutiny broke starting aboard quickly spreading kaiser officers confined quarters committee sailors met list demands ranged longer periods leave better rations end war based united_states president wilson fourteen points following day shore batteries loyal government fired old ironclad prompted ships abandon effort late day february red flags struck kaiser rejoined loyalist ships harbor morning class battleships iii division arrived convinced surrender trials commenced quickly men executed fate aftermath mutiny obsolete warships austro hungarian navy including kaiser decommissioned reduce number idle warships november austro hungarian government signed armistice villa italy ending participation conflict end war kaiser ceded war prize great_britain terms treaty saint sold ship breakers italy broken scrap


sms sms class scout cruiser built austro hungarian navy early 1910s ship armed main battery guns torpedo tubes added built shipyard entering service days outbreak world war spent war flotilla leader conducting raids patrols narrow waters adriatic_sea took battle largest naval action course war adriatic tasked provoking final fleet confrontation june attack called dreadnought battleship sms sunk italian motor torpedo boat ceded italy war commissioned served regia marina royal_navy ending career barracks ship ship ultimately broken scrap class cruisers largest vessels austro hungarian navy service foreign navies war design meters long overall beam meters mean draft meters displaced metric tons long tons normal load metric tons long tons deep load propulsion system consisted sets steam turbines driving propeller shafts designed provide shaft horsepower powered yarrow water tube boilers gave ship speed knots mph carried metric tons long tons coal gave range approximately nautical miles knots mph ship crew officers men armed caliber centimeter guns single pedestal mounts placed forward forecastle located amidships quarterdeck caliber centimeter anti aircraft gun torpedo tubes twin mounts added navy planned remove guns forecastle quarterdeck replace pair centimeter guns fore aft end war ship protected waterline armored belt thick amidships conning tower thick sides deck thick service history laid shipyard september completed hull launched october construction including fitting completed august days austria-hungary declared war serbia following outbreak world war assigned flotilla leader torpedo flotilla included class destroyers class destroyers torpedo boats depot ship following italian declaration war austria-hungary austro hungarian fleet sortied surprise attack points italian coast operation sister cruisers admiral destroyers provided screen possible italian counterattack ship combat came august destroyers bombarded italian forces island recently occupied italians late austro hungarian navy began series raids merchant ships supplying allied forces serbia montenegro night november 1st torpedo division raided coast sank pair italian transports carrying flour chronic problems turbines prevented war leaving sms shoulder burden naval war adriatic battle admiral planned major raid barrage force composed class cruisers cruisers modified resemble destroyers thoroughly overhauled preparation attack boilers turbines cleaned ensure highest efficiency anti aircraft gun installed ship ships attack separately destroyers attack near coast night ships departed port managed pass line darkness identified sounds attack heard released nets began head cruisers began attacks stopped engines drifted patrol vessels minutes conceal position opened fire setting fire stopping pick nineteen survivors austrian ships contacted retreat group french destroyers led small italian scout cruiser heavier guns austrian ships allied commander pressing attack intercepted shortly afterward stronger group british protected cruisers bristol escorted italian destroyers opened fire inch guns range yards ordered ships lay smoke screen minutes later called reinforcements came form armored cruiser sortied destroyers torpedo boats heavy smoke nearly caused austrian cruisers covered fire british ships closed range emerged austrian ships yards british range suitable smaller austrian guns cruisers gradually drawing away leading austrian ships hit times boilers disabled leaving dead water preparing tow italian destroyers attacked succession weight fire cruisers prevented closing torpedo range scored hits arrived took tow voyage port cruisers assembled line ahead formation vessel line cover ships later afternoon old coastal defense ship torpedo boats joined ships strengthen escort ship tasked participate major attack allied ships defending june admiral torpedo boats attacked seaplane base draw allied fleet operation called dreadnought sms sunk italian motor torpedo boat route rendezvous operation november austro hungarian government signed armistice villa italy ending participation conflict following armistice entire austro hungarian fleet transferred newly formed yugoslavia italian service terms treaty saint rest fleet surrendered allied powers war prizes ship ceded italy commissioned july sisters largest vessels austro hungarian navy active service navies enemies anti aircraft gun replaced anti aircraft gun italian manufacture apart modification ship served original configuration served barracks ship genoa september preparation laid scrapped ship sold scrapping march subsequently broken


monarch class battleship monarch class replacement monarch class battleship projected new class battleships constructed austro hungarian navy designed replace monarch class battleships later coastal defense ships new battleships carry guns primary armament slight improvement predecessors class ships metres designed displace tonnes long tons short tons austro hungarian navy intended lay vessel july outbreak world war month caused navy postpone construction september ultimately vessels laid formally cancelled late guns built transferred austro hungarian army use italian history austro hungarian navy ordered construction new battleships replace aging monarch class result new class known contract vessel monarch ships cost million class built separate shipyards battleships built proposals construction class battleships begun attempts obtain approval new generation super dreadnoughts replace aging monarch class ships original proposal laid forth april consisted inch caliber guns guns superimposed turrets austro hungarian naval technical committee later submitted proposals austrian chief naval architect general characteristics new class december proposals called long ton short ton battleship inch guns later proposal new class weighing long tons short tons equipped inch guns proposal battleship weighing long tons short tons despite proposals main guns caliber final decision caliber modified slightly larger version original proposal main turrets equipped inch inch guns final design main turrets caliber influenced imperial_german_navy incorporated caliber new class battlecruisers january naval technical committee delivered official proposal new monarch class battleships committee decided choose largest initial proposals ship ship weighing roughly tons battleships equipped total inch caliber guns eighteen inch caliber guns inch caliber guns main guns inches inches took year half final design formally approved july time designs forth layout armament propulsion standard weight class long tons short tons ship ships length feet beam draft battleships monarch class equipped shaft steam turbines produced shaft horsepower contained yarrow water tube boilers coal fired oil fired engines enabled battleships travel knots total range nautical miles traveling knots battleship manned crew officers men according approved gun designs january members monarch class inch guns inch guns inch guns inch guns inch torpedo tubes armor armor plating ships thick belt barbettes turrets conning tower deck inch thick armor underwater defenses battleships drastic change previous austro hungarian battleship designs new design similar recent french russian designs horizontal armor deck built vessel edge armor belt far vertical bulkheads new guns approved final design modified increase effect broadside order stable balance ships protection stability firepower battleships equipped guns new layout unusual having turrets guns mounted superimposed twin guns construction cancellation final design place ships class ordered austro hungarian navy july austro hungarian navy followed traditional german custom naming new ships formally launched result navy referred replacements old monarch class ships replacement battleships simply referred battleships viii design sketches slight differences forth exact final appearance ships known built raised order better predecessors class battleships equipped towers hold platforms battleship cost million battleship laid july date later pushed september outbreak world war end july battleship battleship viii scheduled completed june second battleship referred battleship laid january launched december fourth battleships battleship battleship scheduled laid june completed main guns built battleships laid guns battleship ordered prior beginning world war orders austro hungarian navy placed battleships assumed following victorious conclusion war months work battleships resume war continued main guns ordered works handed austro hungarian army use italian rest completed main guns later taken french war prize following end war late construction vessels canceled


sms sms german majesty ship pre dreadnought battleship built austro hungarian navy lead ship class launched october assigned iii battleship division world war remained home port present day croatia engagements formed austro hungarian flotilla sent protect escape german ships sms sms british held mediterranean advanced far recalled home port sole combat engagement occurred late participated bombardment italian port city took suppressing major mutiny crew members armored cruisers stationed february attempted break barrage june year retreat dreadnought sms sunk war awarded french war prize ran aground scrapped italy design displaced long tons feet inches long beam feet inches draft feet inches manned men sisters largest pre dreadnought class built austro hungarian navy surpassing class approximately tonnes long tons ships propelled shaft cylinder vertical triple expansion steam engines trials developed ihp propelled ship speed knots mph trials engines managed produce knot speed originally planned carried primary armament centimeter caliber guns twin turrets centerline guns austro hungarian replica british krupp secondary armament consisted centimeter caliber guns mounted single casemates wing ship single turrets wing ship fire kilograms armor piercing shell metres maximum elevation muzzle velocity metres second gun weighed tons fire rounds minute ships armament protection torpedo boats form centimetres caliber gun manufactured anti aircraft protection covered millimeter vickers anti aircraft guns ship bought britain mounted fitted water centimeter torpedo tubes rarely service history outbreak world war iii division austrian hungarian battle fleet mobilized eve war remainder fleet support flight sms sms german ships attempting break surrounded british troops way turkey breakout succeeded flotilla advanced far south south eastern italy austro hungarian ships recalled company units austro hungarian navy took bombardment sisters expended rounds armor piercing shells signal stations rounds shells aimed italian gun batteries port installations major mutiny crews armored cruisers stationed including kaiser began february days later class ships arrived port assisted suppression mutiny following restoration order naval base armored cruisers kaiser decommissioned sisters stationed place morning june admiral planned major assault barrage class battleships provide support class cruisers plan intended replicate success raid conducted year earlier plan destroy blockading fleet allied ships cruisers lighter ships protected heavier guns battleships including guns class morning june dreadnought torpedoed sunk italian torpedo boat felt element surprise compromised called operation military action class ships spent rest career port following end world war november taken yugoslavia ceded war france ran aground voyage toulon eventually broken


austria-hungary class boat submarine austro hungarian navy built hungarian firm launched commissioned june single hull feet length displaced nearly metric tons long tons surfaced metric tons long tons submerged diesel engines moved knots mph surface twin electric motors propelled knots mph underwater armed bow torpedo tubes carry load torpedoes equipped deck gun machine gun service career hit ships gross register tons grt sinking damaging war end boat handed italy scrapped design construction austria-hungary boat fleet largely obsolete outbreak world war austro hungarian navy satisfied urgent needs purchasing type submarines comprised class germany raising sunken french submarine building submarines class based danish class steps urgent needs austro hungarian navy selected german type design newest submarines mid germans reluctant wartime resources austro hungarian construction willing sell plans boats constructed license austria-hungary austro hungarian navy agreed proposal purchased plans bremen displaced metric tons long tons surfaced metric tons long tons submerged single hull saddle tanks feet inch long beam feet inches draft feet inches propulsion shafts twin diesel engines surface running twin electric motors shp submerged travel capable knots surfaced knots submerged specific range conway world fighting ships german boats class based range nautical miles knots surfaced nautical miles knots submerged class boats designed crew armed bow torpedo tubes carry complement torpedoes equipped deck gun machine gun intricate political negotiations production class austrian hungarian firms ordered october laid july launched service career launching boat way april commissioned austro hungarian navy command year old native time submarine commander began patrol july sailed mediterranean deployment east days later enemy submarine launched spread torpedoes austro hungarian submarine avoided days later sea rendezvous german boat following day failed hit steamer gulf taranto july launched torpedoes british steamer hit nautical miles east southeast malta ton ship route attacked damaged continued way aboard steamer killed attack boat docked end patrol days later mediterranean patrol began august sister boat met sea august days later stopped greek sailing vessel examined let way boat september ending boat second patrol october departed arriving day 18th submarine departed screening sortie austro hungarian cruiser destroyer group reached following day greeted italian torpedo boats dropped depth charges putting 19th quickly departed repair damage conning tower months repairs set december return engine problems departed mediterranean following day cruised alexandria malta returned late january success patrol beginning late february similarly fruitless returned handed march relieved command april replaced command year old native began cruise helm days greek sailing ship julia stopped near cape allowing julia crew board sank julia fire boat deck gun ton ship sunk towed close shore result greek ship crew died attack week later sank greek sailing ships ton ton following day torpedoed british steamer chatham gross register tons grt headed grain sent nautical miles cape continuing successful patrol met german coast africa june returned 6th remainder june july patrolled adriatic calling ports san continuing duty august forced crash dive avoid attack submarine august days later airplane attacked boat dropping total bombs attack way early september headed making stop submarine docked september remained end war ceded italy war scrapped total sank ships damaged ship hitting combined total grt ships sunk damaged damaged sunk


monarch class coastal defense ship monarch class class coastal defence ships built austria-hungary end 19th century monarchs ships type utilize turrets class comprised ships sms monarch sms sms armed guns turrets capable knots mph speed fitted slightly modern powerful engines giving speed knots mph monarch launched july year later july ships saw little service world war division austro hungarian fleet took bombardment italian positions adriatic coast battleships went largely inactive remainder war struck italian torpedoes sank home port remaining ships ceded great_britain following end war scrapped construction 1890s austro hungarian navy consisted ironclads sms sms sufficient funds available build replacement ships hungarian austrian authorized construction smaller class coastal defense ships austro hungarian naval policy time primarily concerned coastal defense new ships monarch weighed tonnes long tons half size battleships navies fitted powerful engines sister ships giving higher speed built yards monarch constructed naval arsenal ship class laid february launched july month monarch despite ship new class commissioned austro hungarian navy second ship class monarch laid july launched commissioned austro hungarian navy final ship class laid day february launched naval arsenal july commissioned day monarch design armament armor members monarch class displaced tonnes long tons armament consisted guns guns turrets guns guns guns gun torpedo tubes ships monarch class fitted harvey armour belt armor thick turrets conning tower protected armor thick deck casemates armor propulsion crew monarch class ships normally carried tons coal hold tons fitted coal fired belleville boilers giving output monarch coal fired cylindrical boilers vertical triple expansion engines output monarch maximum speed knots mph compared speed knots mph ship manned officers crewmen total personnel ship service history peace time commissioned austro hungarian navy ships monarch class variety purposes ships monarch class cruise adriatic display austro hungarian flag foreign waters monarch class formed battleship division austro hungarian navy battleship participated diamond jubilee queen_victoria international blockade crete turkish war years completion monarch class battleships rendered obsolete newly commissioned class newly completed sms conducted training cruise monarch class battleships january joined sms following year training exercises class battleships engaged monarchs simulated combat maneuver marked time squadrons consisting modern battleships operated austro hungarian navy class ships took position division monarchs formed newly created division new classes pre dreadnoughts built class later class monarchs demoted ended battleship division serving coastal defense ships beginning world war world war outbreak world war july ships monarch class serving battleship division deployed coastal defense ships served training ships bombard coastal positions early years war august transferred shell mount august monarch shelled french radio station bombarded radio station bar august station point august attacked local radio station barracks following operations monarch served harbor defense ship december supported cruisers destroyers austro hungarian navy raid detachment returned port having opened fire enemy january bombarded fortifications mount helped capture enemy held mountain late sent participated italian troops gulf december italian torpedo boats managed penetrate port fired torpedoes battleships torpedo fired missed hit twice sank minutes shallow water harbor men serving killed attack subsequently given task monarch performing years demoted floating german boat crews june renovated installed bow use coastal bombardment saw action new gun place end war remaining monarch class battleships monarch handed great_britain war ships sold scrap italy broken


austria-hungary class submarine boat built operated austro hungarian navy german und kriegsmarine kriegsmarine designed american simon lake lake torpedo boat company built navy yard lake designed submarines purchased competitive evaluation foreign submarine designs launched april feet long displaced tonnes short tons surfaced tonnes short tons submerged austro hungarian navy conducted trials boat originally powered gasoline engines surface running electric motors submerged evaluation period gasoline engines found incapable reaching contracted speed commissioned june served training boat austro hungarian navy beginning world war operational drydock awaiting replacement diesel engines new engines new conning tower installed june conducted reconnaissance cruises declared obsolete early remained service training boat submarine base end war ceded italy war scrapped sink ships war design construction built plan austro hungarian navy evaluate foreign submarine designs simon lake john philip holland austro hungarian navy ordered plans sister ship lake torpedo boat company connecticut built navy yard launched april features typical lake designs including diving chamber bow variable pitch propellers lake design called retractable wheels allowed travel design placed diving tanks waterline single cylindrical hull necessitated heavy ballast keel vertical stability arrangement required mechanical pumping procedure took minutes propulsion system consisted gasoline engines surface running electric motors running submerged boat feet long feet inches draft feet inches designed displacement long tons surfaced long tons submerged outfitted centimeter torpedo tubes bow stern carry torpedoes typically carried armed centimeter deck gun service career completion austro hungarian navy conducted trials submarine gasoline engines able meet speed called contract navy considered suitable wartime use result navy paid hull armament arranged lease gasoline engines replacement diesel engines ordered austrian firm despite engine problems sister ship best performance diving steering boats evaluation navy commissioned austro hungarian navy june command von served training boat conducting training cruises month outbreak world war drydock awaiting installation new diesel engines accommodate new engines lengthened inches modifications new engines lowered surface displacement tonnes short tons increased submerged displacement tonnes short tons january june underwent refit received new conning tower stationed mid july conducted reconnaissance cruises port january declared obsolete retained training boat submarine base war end scrapped italy war sink ships war


austria-hungary class submarine boat austro hungarian navy german und kriegsmarine kriegsmarine world war laid germany april shipped sections rail august assembled delivered austro hungarian navy end september commissioned october primarily operated patrolling italian coasts submarine opportunities sink merchant ships warships war sank italian destroyer july effort disrupt barrage end war undergoing repairs handed italy war scrapped design construction small coastal submarine displaced long tons surfaced long tons submerged featured single shaft single diesel engine surface running single shp electric motor submerged travel capable knots mph surfaced knots mph submerged diving depth metres designed crew officers men equipped torpedo tubes located carried complement torpedoes october armament supplemented quick firing gun gun replaced gun november ordered austro hungarian navy april laid bremen later month completed submarine broken sections loaded shipped austro hungarian navy main base august completing day journey sections specific mention long took sections assembled sister boat german type submarine shipped germany mid april assembled weeks delivered austro hungarian navy september operational history commissioned austro hungarian navy october command frank boat patrolled italian coast months interrupted engine repairs mid november december succeeded commanding officer end december operating patrolling coasts unsuccessful attacks enemy destroyers january february attempted attack cargo ship discovered depth charged days later submarine replace broken new magnetic compass mid march shifted patrol italian coast attacked air march italian patrols continued late sent patrol sea duty straits followed june plan disrupt barrage june submarine attempted attack italian class torpedo boat torpedo boat survived dropping depth charges nearby july torpedoed sank metric ton short ton italian destroyer italian ship guarding small fishing vessels anti submarine nets stretched barrage ship sunk boat continued patrols adriatic remainder depth charged destroyer september days later failed attack steamer resulted depth charging time class torpedo boat early october air attack damaged year uneventful submarine resumed patrols albania january boat crash dive near bomber appeared overhead dropped foray july provided opportunity attack steamer torpedoes missed mark august command attempted torpedo attack cargo ship end october escaped damage torpedo attack enemy submarine near cape albania month later submarine attacked air surviving bombs dropped single airplane june patrolled coast italy returned june weeks later boat set undergo repairs end war ship repairs remained unfinished austro hungarian submarines ceded italy war broken italians


austria-hungary class submarine boat austro hungarian navy german und kriegsmarine kriegsmarine world war constructed germany shipped rail assembled completed september commissioned october career operated adriatic patrolling coast boat sank small sailing ship november seized december carried field marshal austro hungarian army observer performing diving tests engine repairs january water leak march flooded batteries boat action weeks repairs operating mid october sank italian destroyer acting convoy escort sunk ensuing action sources clear exact cause sinking sank ships combined class submarine sunk war design construction small coastal submarine displaced long tons surfaced long tons submerged featured single shaft single diesel engine surface running single shp electric motor submerged travel capable knots mph surfaced knots mph submerged diving depth metres designed crew officers men equipped torpedo tubes located carried complement torpedoes members class outfitted quick firing gun supplement armament october known upgrade taken place time sinking month ordered austro hungarian navy april laid bremen later month completed submarine broken sections loaded shipped august austro hungarian navy main base completing day journey sections specific mention long took sections assembled sister boat german type submarine shipped germany mid april assembled weeks delivered austro hungarian navy september operational history commissioned austro hungarian navy october command von horn month patrolled estuary heading second commander von assumed command november boat departed day patrol albania near cape von stopped boarded albania sailing ship finding commander sent albania way days later von scored success sank grt italian sailing vessel gulf later day torpedo attack cargo ships harbor results supply torpedoes expended returned november set patrol december return fix broken underway albania day december stopped searched allowed proceed near location encountered albania stopped time ton ship soldiers weapons ammunition aboard vessel seized prize taken attempted patrols end december departing december cut short severe weather forced submarine port attempt december ended suffered engine problems sailed december extensive engine repairs naval base repairs complete january submarine departed diving tests field marshal austro hungarian army board observer tests apparently successful returned january resume patrols february von launched torpedo attack steamer escorted italian destroyers torpedo aim true failed detonate hit ship days later british class cruiser attacked boat march valve leaked water flooded boat batteries released gas boat underwent repairs kept boat action end april late april early september patrolled adriatic straits twice time attacked french destroyers missed attempts mid june von launched torpedoes cargo ship result september general overhaul lasted month repairs complete set patrol october submarine october replace faulty quickly resumed journey area discovering italian convoy october von torpedoed sank convoy escorts italian destroyer ensuing action sunk sources disagree exact manner conway world fighting ships reports italian steamer ships rammed damaged causing crew ship severity damage boat war world war reports rammed going robert grant gordon smith possible fate depth charges detonated sank submarine sinking smith reports men aboard including commanding officer von lost lives sinking survivors picked boat class sunk war ships sunk damaged


austria-hungary class boat submarine austro hungarian navy built austrian firm navy yard launched january commissioned june single hull feet length displaced nearly metric tons long tons surfaced metric tons long tons submerged diesel engines moved knots surface twin electric motors propelled knots underwater armed bow torpedo tubes carry load torpedoes equipped deck gun machine gun service career sank british ship city ships sending combined grt surrendered venice granted italy war broken following year design construction austria-hungary boat fleet largely obsolete outbreak world war austro hungarian navy satisfied urgent needs purchasing type submarines comprised class germany raising sunken french submarine building submarines class based danish class steps urgent needs austro hungarian navy selected german type design newest submarines mid germans reluctant wartime resources austro hungarian construction willing sell plans boats constructed license austria-hungary navy agreed proposal purchased plans bremen displaced metric tons long tons surfaced metric tons long tons submerged single hull saddle tanks feet inch long beam feet inches draft feet inches propulsion shafts twin diesel engines surface running twin electric motors shp submerged travel capable knots surfaced knots submerged specific range conway world fighting ships german boats class based range nautical miles knots surfaced nautical miles knots submerged class boats designed crew armed bow torpedo tubes carry complement torpedoes equipped deck gun machine gun intricate political negotiations production class austrian hungarian firms ordered october laid early navy yard launched january service career completion commissioned austro hungarian navy june command previously command year old native present day czech_republic days boat commissioning achieved kill helm june patrol nautical miles east malta came ton british steamer hall turret hull ship carrying wheat bombay naples torpedoed sunk days later british india passenger ship met fate escorted italian destroyer torpedoed sunk nautical miles ton liner largest ship sunk route sydney london went spared loss life attack days commission tally tons exceeding totals boats class following month sank ton nautical miles cape august killing men british ship crew days went sank city ton british ship straits loss life city operating pseudonym particularly detached straits hunt ignored orders proceed port officers unaware naval status torpedo struck ship panic party taken boats hope attacker surface arrival french naval drove away gun crews aboard city engage submarine city sank minutes san october closed list victims british steamer sunk nautical miles north northeast ton steamer sailing ballast january sank additional ships italian steamer tons headed sent near cape january following day dispatched british steamer nautical miles south cape sailor aboard year old ship died attack occurred ship headed ballast january west wales headed barry alexandria sunk nautical miles malta taking load coal crew march attacked ships sinking ship ton tanker hit able port malta cargo oil later month sank nautical miles killing sailor attack british ship carrying cotton alexandria london attack occurred days later nielsen ton steamship sent nautical miles malta carrying general cargo admiralty went british ship turned final ship sunk war end surrendered italy venice later awarded italy war scrapped venice month career sank ships combined damaged eleventh ships sunk damaged damaged sunk