john von john von hungarian pronounced december february hungarian american pure applied mathematician physicist inventor computer scientist major contributions number fields including mathematics foundations mathematics functional analysis theory geometry numerical analysis physics quantum mechanics quantum statistical mechanics economics game theory computing von architecture linear programming self machines computing statistics pioneer application operator theory quantum mechanics development functional analysis key figure development game theory concepts cellular universal digital computer published papers life pure mathematics physics applied mathematics work unfinished manuscript written hospital later published book form computer brain mathematical analysis structure self preceded discovery structure dna short list facts life submitted national academy sciences stated work consider essential quantum mechanics developed subsequently berlin work forms operator theory berlin princeton princeton world war worked manhattan_project developing mathematical models explosive lenses type nuclear weapon war served general advisory committee united_states atomic energy commission later commissioners consultant number organizations including united_states_air_force army research laboratory armed forces special weapons project lawrence national laboratory theoretical physicist edward mathematician worked key steps nuclear physics involved reactions hydrogen bomb early life education von born wealthy jewish parents hungarian family comes given names john lewis english hebrew von place birth kingdom hungary austro hungarian empire eldest children younger brothers michael born nicholas born father english max banker held doctorate law moved end 1880s father grandfather born town county northern hungary john mother english margaret parents generations family lived apartments offices von family occupied room apartment floor father elevated nobility service austro hungarian empire emperor joseph family acquired hereditary meaning family connection town chosen reference margaret chosen coat arms depicting john later changed german von formal schooling start hungary age instead taught von brothers cousins max believed knowledge languages hungarian essential children english french german italian age von familiar differential integral particularly interested history reading way volume copy contained private library max purchased rooms apartment converted library reading room ceiling floor von entered lutheran best schools brilliant education system designed elite hungarian system children received education gymnasium despite run lutheran church majority pupils jewish school system produced generation noted intellectual achievement included von george eugene edward paul collectively known year ahead von lutheran school asked hungary generation produced won nobel prize physics replied von genius max insisted von attend school grade level appropriate age agreed hire private advanced instruction areas displayed age began study advanced renowned analyst meeting boy mathematical talent brought tears von instant solutions problems posed father display von archive age von published major mathematical papers second gave modern definition numbers superseded definition conclusion education gymnasium von sat won prize national prize mathematics posts hungary paid father wanted von follow industry invest time financially useful endeavor mathematics von father decided best career path chemical engineer von knowledge arranged year non degree course chemistry university berlin sat entrance exam prestigious passed september time von entered university candidate mathematics thesis chose produce set theory passed final examinations soon graduating went university grant foundation study mathematics david early career private life von completed december started lectures university berlin end von published major papers mathematics end thirty papers rate nearly major paper month reputed powers recall allowed quickly column telephone book names briefly university hamburg prospects professor better october year better offer presented invited princeton_university princeton new_jersey new year day von married studied economics university marriage baptized catholic max died family converted christianity alive von child daughter marina distinguished professor business administration public policy university_of_michigan couple divorced october von married dan met trips prior outbreak world war von offered lifetime faculty institute advanced study institute plan appoint fell remained mathematics professor death announced intention resign professor large university california shortly mother brothers laws followed von united_states von john keeping german aristocratic surname von brothers changed theirs von citizen united_states immediately tried lieutenant united_states_army officers reserve corps passed exams easily ultimately rejected age analysis france stand germany quoted said france won matter von john active socially princeton academic community white house road largest princeton took great care clothing wear formal suits riding grand canyon piece pin stripe reported asked von doctoral exam pray candidate tailor seen beautiful evening clothes von liked eat drink wife said count enjoyed color humor especially non princeton received complaints regularly playing extremely loud german march music distracted neighbouring offices including albert work von best work noisy chaotic environments wife preparing quiet study work preferring couple living room television playing loudly despite bad driver nonetheless enjoyed driving frequently reading book numerous arrests accidents hired consultant quietly paid fines traffic tickets von closest friend united_states mathematician later friend wrote spend hours end jewish jokes drifting mathematical talk von dying hospital time visit come prepared new collection jokes cheer friend believed mathematical thought occurred sleep problem know answer immediately waking mathematics set theory mathematics model elements reached new levels breadth end 19th century particularly thanks richard charles geometry thanks beginning 20th century efforts base mathematics naive set theory suffered setback russell set sets belong problem adequate set theory resolved years later set theory provided series principles allowed construction sets everyday practice mathematics explicitly exclude possibility existence set belongs doctoral thesis von demonstrated techniques exclude sets foundation notion class foundation proposed set constructed ordered succession steps way principles set belongs necessarily come second succession possibility set belonging demonstrate addition new produce contradictions von introduced method demonstration called method inner models later essential instrument set theory second approach problem sets belonging took base notion class defines set class belongs classes proper class defined class belong classes approach construction set sets belong contrast von approach class sets belong constructed proper class set contribution von system theory sets avoided contradictions earlier systems usable foundation mathematics despite lack proof consistency question provided definitive answers mathematical questions posed improved adding stronger prove broader class strongly negative answer definitive arrived september historic mathematical congress kurt announced usual systems incomplete sense prove truth language consistent extension systems necessarily remain incomplete month later von participated congress communicated interesting consequence usual systems unable demonstrate consistency discovered consequence known second sent von article containing von acknowledged priority letter thought american system claiming personal priority theory von contributions theory series articles published papers theory paul writes von sufficient guarantee mathematical von written famous articles operator theory application work instrumental von mean operator theory von introduced study rings operators von von bounded operators space closed weak operator contains identity operator von shows definition equivalent purely definition direct integral introduced john von von analyses reduce classification von spaces classification factors measure theory measure theory problem measure dimensional space stated exist positive normalized set function class work implied problem measure positive solution negative solution cases von work argued problem essentially group character existence measure determined looking properties transformation group given space positive solution spaces dimension negative solution higher dimensions comes fact group group dimension higher dimensions according von change group makes difference change space number von papers methods argument employed considered significant results anticipation later study dimension theory operators von results finite problem measure terms functions paper measure theory solution fifth problem case compact groups awarded memorial prize work analysis theory von worked theory theory partially ordered sets elements greatest lower bound upper bound von provided abstract exploration dimension completed complemented properties arise inner product spaces dimension determined positive linear transformation following properties perspective ordered inclusion deepest proof concerns writes john von brilliant mind theory like von founded field continuous geometry based principles earlier complex geometry terms properties linear von following work rings operators weakened describe broader class continuous dimensions set non negative dimensions elements continuous geometry range continuously unit interval von motivated discovery von dimension function taking continuous range dimensions example continuous geometry space projections type factor additionally general case von proved following basic representation complemented having basis perspective elements principal right ideals suitable regular ring conclusion culmination pages brilliant involving entirely novel wishing unforgettable impression razor edge von mind need merely try pursue chain exact reasoning realizing pages written breakfast seated living room writing table mathematical quantum mechanics von establish rigorous mathematical framework quantum mechanics known von work mathematical foundations quantum mechanics having completed set theory began confront quantum mechanics realized state quantum system represented point complex space general infinite dimensional single particle quantum mechanics quantities position momentum represented linear operators acting space associated quantum system physics quantum mechanics reduced mathematics spaces linear operators acting example uncertainty principle according determination position particle prevents determination momentum vice versa translated non corresponding operators new mathematical included special cases informed von clarified difference operator self operator merely replied difference von abstract treatment permitted confront issue versus non book presented proof statistical results quantum mechanics possibly averages underlying set determined hidden classical statistical mechanics john bell published paper arguing proof contained conceptual error invalid argued bell von proof pointed proof valid hidden variable theories rule defined important suggests von aware limitation von claim proof completely ruled hidden variable theories case proof inaugurated line research ultimately led work bell bell experiments aspect demonstration quantum physics requires notion reality substantially different classical physics include apparent violation special chapter mathematical foundations quantum mechanics von deeply analyzed called measurement problem concluded entire physical universe subject universal wave function outside calculation needed collapse wave function von concluded collapse caused consciousness view accepted eugene von interpretation gained acceptance majority theories quantum mechanics continue evolve day basic framework mathematical problems quantum mechanics majority approaches traced mathematical techniques von words discussions interpretation theory extensions conducted basis shared assumptions mathematical foundations quantum logic famous paper work introduce quantum von proved quantum mechanics requires substantially different classical isolated new structure quantum concept creating quantum logic outlined short section von work need new demonstrated example pass successive filters horizontally vertically pass filter added succession filter added pass experimental fact logic non conjunction formula demonstrated laws distribution classical logic formula formula valid quantum theory reason quantum unlike case classical true false turn fact frequently case quantum mechanics pair alternatives members necessarily property illustrated simple example suppose dealing particles semi integral spin angular momentum possible values positive negative principle establishes spin relative different directions results pair incompatible quantities suppose state certain electron proposition spin electron direction positive principle value spin direction completely verify proposition spin direction positive proposition spin direction negative spin direction positive spin direction negative true case distribution possible situation formula formula von replaced classical logic logic constructed space given physical system game theory von founded field game theory mathematical discipline von proved establishes zero sum games perfect information players know time moves taken place far exists pair strategies players allows minimize maximum losses examining possible strategy player consider possible responses adversary player plays strategy result maximum loss strategies minimize maximum loss player called optimal von showed equal absolute value contrary sign von improved extended include games involving imperfect information games players publishing result theory games economic behavior written wrote paper game theory thought von interest subject read said repeated couple times von paper pages long book public interest work new_york_times ran page story book von declared economic theory needed use functional methods especially convex sets fixed point traditional differential maximum operator preserve functions independently functional work mathematical economics focused attention theory non von functional techniques use real spaces represent prices quantities use supporting separating convex sets fixed point theory primary tools mathematical economics mathematical economics von raised intellectual mathematical level economics stunning publications model expanding economy von proved existence fixed point von model expanding economy considered matrix pencil von sought probability positive number solve equation formula inequality systems expressing economic efficiency model probability represents prices goods probability represents intensity production process run unique solution represents growth factor plus rate growth economy rate growth equals interest rate von results viewed special case linear programming von model uses study von model expanding economy continues interest mathematical interests economics paper called greatest paper mathematical economics authors recognized introduction fixed point linear proceedings conference von growth model paul said developed methods useful von unique having significant contributions economic theory von famous page paper started life talk princeton paper german eventually translated english interest economics led paper began follows berlin spent summers home economist nicholas hit recommended von read book mathematical economist von found faults book corrected example replacing noticed general theory law led systems simultaneous linear produce absurd result profit producing selling negative quantity product replaced introduced dynamic things eventually produced paper linear programming building results matrix games model expanding economy von invented theory linear programming george described work minutes von asked point listened von provided hour lecture convex sets fixed point theory matrix games linear programming later von suggested new method linear programming linear system later popularized von method decision determined squares projecting zero convex hull active von interior point method linear programming mathematical statistics von fundamental contributions mathematical statistics derived exact distribution ratio mean square successive differences sample independent normally distributed ratio applied models commonly known watson testing hypothesis errors independent alternative follow stationary order subsequently extended results testing errors model follow random walk possess unit root alternative stationary order fluid dynamics von fundamental contributions exploration problems numerical example robert developed defining artificial improved understanding shock waves computers solved aerodynamic problems tried grid points regions sharp shock waves mathematics artificial shock transition sacrificing basic physics contributions fluid dynamics included classic flow solution blast waves discovery model explosives mastery mathematics stan knew von described mastery mathematics way know method example mastered transforms mastered methods impress knows john von mastered methods went explain methods facility symbolic manipulation linear operators intuitive feeling logical structure new mathematical theory intuitive feeling superstructure new theories edward wrote knows science von mathematics contributed number theory think unique nuclear weapons manhattan_project beginning late 1930s von developed expertise explosions phenomena difficult model period von leading authority mathematics shaped charges led large number military primarily navy turn led involvement manhattan_project involvement included frequent trips train project secret research facilities los new_mexico von principal contribution atomic bomb concept design explosive lenses needed core fat man weapon later dropped nagasaki von originate concept persistent proponents encouraging continued development instincts colleagues felt design eventually came idea powerful shaped charges material greatly increase speed assembly turned bomb lens project greatly expanded von idea implemented method available site established design explosive lenses required remained concerns edge effects explosives calculations showed work depart spherical symmetry series failed attempts models achieved george construction trinity bomb completed july visit los september von showed pressure increase explosion shock wave reflection solid objects greater previously believed angle shock wave limiting angle result determined effectiveness atomic bomb enhanced kilometers target ground level scientists military personnel von included target selection committee responsible choosing japanese cities hiroshima nagasaki targets atomic bomb von oversaw related expected size bomb estimated death tolls distance ground bombs detonated shock wave propagation maximum effect cultural capital spared bombing inflicted militarily significant cities von choice selection manhattan_project leader general target dismissed secretary war henry july numerous manhattan_project personnel von eyewitness atomic bomb blast code named trinity conducted test method device bombing range near army airfield miles southeast new_mexico based observation von estimated test resulted blast equivalent tnt produced accurate estimate dropping torn paper shock wave passed location watching far scattered actual power explosion von papers expression appeared time war robert remarked involved manhattan_project known sin von response confesses sin order credit von continued work edward sustained hydrogen bomb project collaborated development bomb filed secret patent improvement methods means utilizing nuclear energy outlined scheme bomb fusion fuel initiate nuclear fusion von patent radiation way final hydrogen bomb design design work incorporated george shot operation greenhouse testing concepts went final design von work passed soviet_union nuclear espionage soviets independent development design historian pointed ironically john von produced brilliant invention changed course development hydrogen bomb fully understood bomb successfully wartime services von awarded navy distinguished civilian service award july medal merit october atomic energy commission von consultant weapons systems evaluation group function advise joint chiefs staff united_states secretary defense development use new technologies adviser armed forces special weapons project responsible military aspects nuclear weapons following years consultant central intelligence agency cia member influential general advisory committee atomic energy commission consultant newly established lawrence national laboratory member scientific advisory group united_states_air_force von commissioner accepted position production compact hydrogen bombs suitable intercontinental missile delivery involved severe shortage needed compact weapons argued settling intermediate range missiles army wanted adamant bombs delivered heart enemy territory effective weapon possible relative missile wouldn problem bomb said russians probably building similar weapon system turned case despite disagreement need crash program develop hydrogen bomb testified behalf security hearing asserted loyal praised program went ahead shortly death ill von headed united_states government secret committee meet home purpose decide feasibility building large carry weapon von long argued technical obstacles sizable overcome time passed fully functional test years death feasibility owed improved smaller developments understanding advice mutual assured destruction von credited strategy mutual assured destruction providing deliberately humorous acronym mad humorous coined von include computer mathematical numerical computer moved heaven earth bring mad goal quickly develop compact hydrogen bombs deliver ussr knew soviets similar work cia interviewed german rocket scientists allowed return germany von planted dozen technical people cia russians considered bombers soon vulnerable shared von view bomb plus ultra weapons believed superiority weapons world necessarily afraid missile gap took steps achieve goal keeping soviets modified making wrote programs bomb calculations design feasible develop atomic energy commission promoted development compact bomb fit personally speed production needed compact bombs caused separate missile projects started felt competition combined collaboration got best results von assessment soviets lead missile technology considered time soon proven correct crisis von entered government service manhattan_project primarily felt freedom civilization survive triumph soviet communism senate committee hearing described political ideology violently anti communist norm quoted remarking bomb soviets tomorrow today today clock clock february von presented presidential medal freedom president dwight citation read von series scientific study projects major national significance increased scientific progress country armaments field work highly classified missions performed outside continental limits united_states conjunction critically important international programs von resolved difficult technical problems national defense computing von founding figure computing cites von inventor merge sort second halves array merged von wrote program ink pages long traces seen page phrase secret written pencil later erased worked philosophy artificial intelligence visited princeton 1930s von hydrogen bomb work played realm computing developed von digital computers time contributed development method allowed solutions complicated problems random numbers fair coin biased coin software stage hardware random number generators lists truly random numbers extremely slow von developed form making numbers middle square method method criticized crude von aware justified faster method disposal writing considers methods producing random course state sin von noted method went obviously unlike methods subtly incorrect consulting moore school electrical engineering university pennsylvania project von wrote incomplete draft report paper premature distribution patent claims designers john described computer architecture data program stored computer memory address space architecture day basis modern computer design unlike earliest computers programmed separate memory device paper tape single memory stored program architecture commonly called von architecture result von paper architecture description based work john william computer university pennsylvania john von consulted army research laboratory notably project member scientific advisory committee electronics new ran sixth speed way degraded performance entirely bound complicated programs developed days weeks required old von early computer programs preserved computer von designed machine institute advanced study princeton new_jersey arranged financing components designed built research laboratory nearby john von recommended nicknamed defense computer include magnetic drum faster version machine formed basis commercially successful computing introduced pioneering paper von theory implemented advances computing 1960s created field cellular aid computers constructing self pencil paper concept universal based von cellular posthumous work theory self von neighborhood cell dimensional grid adjacent grid cells neighbors continues cellular von proved effective way performing large scale mining operations mining entire moon belt self spacecraft taking advantage growth rigorous mathematical analysis structure self relationship description constructed preceded discovery structure dna beginning von design self computer program considered world computer virus considered theoretical father computer von team performed world numerical weather forecasts computer von published paper numerical integration equation von interest weather systems meteorological prediction led propose manipulating environment spreading polar ice caps enhance absorption solar radiation reducing inducing global warming noting earth colder glacial period said burning coal oil result general warming earth degree abilities von ability perform complex operations head stunned eugene wrote seeing von mind work impression perfect instrument gears accurately inch paul states von speed awe inspiring edward admitted said von carry conversation year old son talk equals wondered principle talked rest people avoid thinking addicted thinking von actually enjoyed thinking maybe exclusion described von fastest mind met jacob wrote man knew exception genius george lectures von attended student said johnny student afraid course lecture stated problem chances come end lecture complete solution slip paper recounts story told nicholas metropolis concerning speed von calculations somebody asked von solve famous fly puzzle start miles apart head going steady rate mph time fly travels steady mph starts wheel southbound bicycle flies wheel northbound turns flies wheel southbound continues manner till crushed wheels question total distance fly cover slow way find answer distance fly covers northbound leg trip second southbound leg etc etc finally sum infinite series obtained quick way observe meet exactly hour start fly hour travels answer miles question von solved instant disappointed heard trick trick asked von sum geometric series eugene told similar story swallow instead fly says max born posed question von 1920s wrote remarkable abilities power absolute recall far tell von able reading book article quote years later translate speed original language english occasion tested ability asking tell tale cities started pause immediately began chapter continued asked stop minutes noted von way thinking visual wondered brain like von indicate species superior man said nobel university fair influence scientist interpreted broadly include impact fields science proper john von probably influential mathematician lived wrote selected letters james wrote regarded giants modern mathematics mathematician jean said von representative numerous group great equally home pure applied mathematics careers maintained steady production directions peter described possessing intellect century death von diagnosed bone cancer invited roman catholic priest father visit consultation von reportedly said explanation point referring father administered rites von friends said believed completely deathbed conversion told course completely life suddenly turned catholic doesn agree whatsoever attitude outlook thinking healthy father recalled von receive peace comfort remained terrified death deathbed von entertained brother reciting heart word word lines page died age february walter reed army medical center washington military security reveal military secrets heavily buried princeton cemetery princeton county new_jersey honors john von theory prize institute operations research management sciences informs previously awarded annually individual group fundamental sustained contributions theory operations research management sciences john von medal awarded annually institute electrical electronics engineers outstanding achievements computer related science technology john von lecture given annually society industrial applied mathematics researcher contributed applied mathematics chosen lecturer awarded monetary prize crater von moon named john von center township new_jersey named honour professional society hungarian computer scientists john von computer society named john von closed april united_states postal service issued american scientists commemorative postage stamp series set cent self stamps configurations designed artist victor scientists depicted von barbara richard john von award college advanced studies named honour given year professors outstanding contribution exact social sciences work strongly influenced professional development thinking members college selected works introduction numbers set theory mathematical foundations quantum mechanics trans princeton press edition isbn john israel continuous transition probability memoirs american mathematical society isbn theory games economic behavior princeton press online edition isbn draft report general logical theory cerebral mechanisms behavior john sons new_york john continuous geometry princeton landmarks mathematics princeton_university press isbn collected works john von press isbn theory self university illinois press isbn


charles charles bar july australian flying ace second world war born new_south_wales working father grazing property enlisted royal_australian_air_force graduating pilot sent united_kingdom service european theatre flying squadron credited destruction aircraft air ground awarded distinguished flying cross afterward posted duties headquarters air defence great_britain returned occasionally squadron flew operational sorties unit destroying aircraft earning decorations end war achieved aerial victories operational sorties credited destroying aircraft ground damaging seven early life born new_south_wales son charles henry wife susan jane née active attended local school obtained intermediate certificate enlisted citizens military force allotted 12th light horse regiment private rose rank corporal taking discharge august married florence hope anglican ceremony holy trinity church couple son daughters time working father property second world war september enlisted royal_australian_air_force service second world war posted flight training empire flight training school later service flying training school graduated pilot average rating july commissioned pilot officer september embarked sydney bound united_kingdom following month following week voyage disembarked november attached royal_air_force training units advanced flying operational training promoted flying officer time completion posted squadron july flying light bombers august commenced flying operational sorties axis airfields france september flew escort group lancaster bombers low level attack canal germany promoted acting flight lieutenant december time took night operations credited damaging variety targets shooting german aircraft night praised exceptional courage subsequently awarded distinguished flying cross night time exploits announcement accompanying citation award published supplement london gazette april late february took sortie axis occupied territory squadron leader flew leading aircraft pair attacked axis airfield france successfully destroyed aircraft ground soon pilots spotted twin fuselage attacked party firing destroying destroyed second pair assaulted pass set starboard engine hit starboard second firing pass ground engines fire action final sortie tour pair consequently credited shooting aircraft efforts operation additional damaged destroyed ground march promoted acting squadron leader operation tour end posted headquarters air defence great_britain controller operations time posting destroyed seven airborne grounded german aircraft additional shared victory despite new position spirit far satisfied staff position occasionally returned squadron duty taking operational sorties unit april joined squadron sortie northern france engagement shot axis aircraft air damaged ground actions operations february april awarded bar distinguished flying cross citation decoration published supplement london gazette reading air ministry 12th king pleased approve following awards recognition gallantry displayed flying operations enemy bar distinguished flying cross acting flight lieutenant charles royal_australian_air_force squadron awarded distinguished flying cross officer taken numerous sorties continued display highest qualities gallantry skill end february flew leading aircraft detailed sortie far enemy occupied territory operation enemy aircraft shot damaged ground sortie northern france april flight lieutenant destroyed enemy aircraft air damaged ground airfield sorties fitting climax outstanding tour officer destroyed enemy aircraft successes pay excellent tribute great fighting qualities resolution took daylight sorties squadron defended areas far germany leading section aircraft action luftwaffe bases baltic area northern germany ultimately credited shooting aircraft aerial combat damaging additional ground operations commended great skill enterprise subsequently awarded distinguished service order accompanying citation decoration published supplement london gazette june july embarked united_kingdom return australia arriving brisbane months later briefly posted raaf station october posted operational training unit chief flying instructor served position late december posted duties raaf base richmond later raaf park april transferred royal_australian_air_force reserve returned home ending wartime service time officially credited shooting axis aircraft aerial combat aircraft destroyed ground seven damaged total operational sorties later life february attended ceremony government house sydney presented distinguished service order distinguished flying cross bar governor general australia prince henry duke gloucester discharged royal_australian_air_force reserve july found difficult adjust civilian life began germans shot killed war consequently led drink heavily july driving car road approximately kilometres struck tree vehicle overturned died later day injuries sustained crash survived wife daughters son buried local cemetery


june german luftwaffe pilot world war fighter ace credited enemy aircraft shot combat missions claimed majority aerial victories western eastern victories western allies engined bombers fighters born pilot youth volunteered military service luftwaffe following flight training posted 53rd fighter wing claimed aerial victory western september phase world war dubbed war served flight instructor returning battle britain june participated operation german invasion soviet_union awarded knight cross iron cross september victories following tour fighter pilot instructor posted 2nd fighter wing operating channel claimed seven aerial victories raid august victory awarded knight cross iron cross oak leaves october april appointed squadron leader 9th squadron june days allied invasion normandy given command iii 3rd group killed mid air collision combat near france june posthumously promoted major major awarded knight cross iron cross oak leaves swords october early life career born kingdom bavaria state german empire growing uncle farm spent years working like father enthusiastic pilot volunteered military service luftwaffe following training fighter pilot holding rank sergeant posted 2nd squadron 53rd fighter wing world war world war europe began friday september german forces invaded poland september elements 1st group encountered formation royal_air_force raf battle single engined bombers vicinity early war period claimed victory encounter battle squadron flown squadron leader william aerial reconnaissance mission area crash landed sur victory received iron cross 2nd class october posted fighter pilot school instructor november battle britain eastern following tour instructor luftwaffe fighter pilot school returned june battle britain flew combat missions fighter pilot fighter bomber pilot claimed victories campaign awarded iron cross 1st class october shot times raf fighters time bail occasion shot factory number approximately november english channel swim half hours rescued boat kriegsmarine navy hospitalized march returned combat duty claimed shot 9th 10th victories unit subsequently transferred eastern preparation operation german invasion soviet_union began june deployed southern sector german advance added victories bombers fighter theater operations victory eastern 19th overall claimed july channel transferred channel july assigned stab headquarters unit 2nd fighter wing named world war fighter ace von claimed 20th aerial victory july period weeks claimed victories including day making ace day august awarded honor luftwaffe der luftwaffe september awarded knight cross iron cross des aerial victories unit nominated knight cross nomination approved assigned day fellow pilot kurt received knight cross time flew following minor injury posted fighter pilot school instructor return line duty posted claimed victories victories following month claims shot june missions flown successful day fighter pilot raid august day allies unsuccessfully attacked german occupied port predominantly canadian supported canadian armored regiment strong force royal marines smaller raf landing contingents right foot cast claimed seven victories course combat missions day bristol bomber likely martin baltimore mission engine trouble suffering minor concussion forced landing returned second mission claiming shot mission resulted destruction 56th victories claimed shout fourth combat mission day august claimed 60th aerial victory earned german cross gold gold awarded august promoted second lieutenant bravery face enemy october following aerial victory achieved combat missions awarded knight cross iron cross oak leaves des mit november officer soldier honored united_states_army air forces particular eighth air_force began regular combat viii bomber command attacked yards france august claimed boeing flying fortress bombers shot january april appointed squadron leader succeeding captain transferred iii 54th fighter wing claimed victory shot september wounded bomb splinters making emergency landing bombing raid named comrades promoted lieutenant august november claimed heavy bomber defense campaign february vicinity march claimed victory overall group commander death claimed aerial victories following allied invasion normandy june appointed group commander iii june succeeding killed action near earlier day claimed victories total june luftwaffe pilot achieve century mark killed june collided staff sergeant kurt aerial combat republic royal canadian air_force fighters near posthumously awarded knight cross iron cross oak leaves swords des mit und promoted rank major major october dated june buried war cemetery near saint plot graves respectively awards wound badge black flying luftwaffe gold pennant combined pilots observation badge iron cross 2nd class october 1st class october honor luftwaffe august german cross gold august knight cross iron cross oak leaves swords knight cross september pilot oak leaves november war officer pilot swords october posthumously war officer iii


mitchell red cloud mitchell red cloud july november marine united_states marine_corps world war later soldier united_states_army korean war corporal red cloud posthumously received medal honor actions near north province north_korea november born wisconsin red cloud native american dropped high school enlist marines world war served raiders battle health problems forced recover red cloud avoided discharge served 6th marine division battle okinawa red cloud enlisted army shortly beginning korean war serving 24th infantry division troops fought battles war pushed 19th infantry regiment battle battle perimeter eighth united_states_army advance north_korea night november red cloud manning forward observation post spotted imminent surprise attack chinese forces red cloud held chinese forces despite shot times point ordering men tie tree weak stand company found morning surrounded dead chinese troops credited company ambush saving overrun actions posthumously awarded medal honor early life mitchell red cloud born july wisconsin eldest son mitchell red cloud red cloud family ethnic members native american tribe red cloud attended high school black river falls wisconsin school taught primarily native american students large portion joined military finishing school age red cloud dropped high school father approval decided enlist united_states marine_corps entered service august earliest date legally allowed enlist family relocated wisconsin red cloud enlisted career world war world war red cloud joined raiders 2nd marine battalion command lieutenant colonel evans light infantry special forces unit raiders held high standards physical mental fitness known perform unit major deployment raiders battle red cloud landed november 2nd battalion conducted number operations assist clearance island cut troops empire japan attempting escape time plagued bouts tropical disease left island month later december red cloud contracted diseases frequently time overseas returned united_states marine_corps offered medical discharge red cloud refused instead recovered illness requested combat unit request granted red cloud subsequently assigned 29th marine regiment 6th marine division unit participated invasion okinawa april ensuing battle okinawa unit saw intense fighting campaign secure island months fighting unit withdrawn guam prepare operation second phase anticipated invasion mainland japan plans scrapped following surrender japan red cloud left marine_corps followed war left military sergeant inter war years december red cloud published article wisconsin archaeologist account tribe traditional stories surrender leader black hawk authorities short black hawk war article expressed support historical theories black hawk voluntarily surrendered assisted nancy informing studies customs native americans changing time red cloud decided return military years left enlisted united_states_army assigned company 2nd battalion 19th infantry regiment 24th infantry division regiment occupation japan red cloud assigned time training opportunities limited troops inexperienced equipment low quality budget cuts joining army red cloud permitted retain sergeant rank marine_corps inter war years red cloud married daughter korean war outbreak korean war june 24th infantry division closest unit korean peninsula red cloud company units country division heavily engaged july north korean troops attempted stem invasion south_korea 19th infantry saw action battle fighting river forced unit subsequently moved river involved subsequent perimeter campaign august september battle 19th infantry moved reserve positions combat 4th division attempting break lines having badly fights division moved reserve perimeter september replaced units 2nd infantry division subsequent great offensive 19th infantry served reserve force help units attack second battle later participate battle assisting troops republic korea army help push north korean troops area battles red cloud experience combat veteran valued member unit leading experienced troops following battle subsequent second battle seoul north korean army largely defeated 19th infantry units eighth united_states_army pursued fleeing north north 38th parallel intention reuniting country beginning october people republic china conducted phase offensive surprise attack advancing united_nations forces unprepared counter offensive early november red cloud unit advanced river medal honor action night november 2nd battalion holding positions hill near north river red cloud corporal manning forward listening post company position middle night began hearing suspicious noises spotting number chinese troops intent surprising americans red cloud raised alarm began firing advancing chinese troops automatic rifle chinese returned fire wounding spite wounds refused withdraw post continuing attack chinese troops accurate fire caused significant casualties advancing force actions alerted american troops impending attack preventing ambush red cloud tree continue firing exposing intense chinese fire shot times battle suffering severe injuries ordered troops tie upright tree weak support ordered withdraw main positions eventually chinese overran position red cloud actions gave company time warning blunt chinese offensive eventually attack actions credited allowing company evacuate wounded attack troops company returned position morning body reportedly surrounded large number dead chinese troops burial honors april red cloud mother received medal honor general army bradley ceremony pentagon washington red cloud initially buried cemetery korea body moved wisconsin buried accordance tribal customs interred cemetery mission wisconsin monument erected cemetery plaque honoring red cloud subsequently erected black river falls wisconsin park dedicated red cloud honor memorial park dedicated memory year red cloud highway memorial park adjacent black hawk grounds wisconsin portion wisconsin highway renamed red cloud highway american legion post adams wisconsin renamed nation observes corporal mitchell red cloud day july armed forces day united_states_army named camp red cloud recognition actions additionally united_states_navy named newly commissioned red cloud watson class vehicle cargo ship large medium speed roll roll ship honor ship christened daughter dressed traditional attended men served alongside father flag officers war mitchell red cloud featured korean war heroes honored documentary war directed actor mark narrates red cloud medal honor citation film awards decorations red cloud awards decorations include medal honor citation red cloud native americans awarded medal honor korea charles george harvey awarded medals honored medal honor long campaign members family red cloud company distinguished conspicuous gallantry duty action enemy position point ridge immediately company command post detect approach chinese communist forces alarm enemy charged brush covered area feet delivered devastating automatic rifle fire advancing enemy accurate intense fire checked assault gained time company consolidate defense utter maintained firing position severely wounded enemy fire refusing assistance pulled feet wrapping arm tree continued deadly fire fatally wounded heroic act stopped enemy company position gained time reorganization evacuation wounded red cloud courage self sacrifice reflects highest credit traditions army


ray rear admiral james ray february december officer united_states_navy served world war world war graduate naval academy served submarines uss world war march chief staff aide commandant sixteenth naval district rear admiral francis participated general douglas escape philippines australia served general headquarters southwest pacific area staff september captain battleship uss maryland commanded battle battle battle battle october participated battle maryland joined battleships engaging japanese battleships escorts ray left maryland december appointed deputy director naval division control group council germany day junior united_states member naval commission berlin retired navy june received promotion rear admiral combat decorations early life james ray born milwaukee wisconsin february son james ray wife mary née educated county high school appointed united_states naval academy graduated june graduation commissioned ensign joined crew battleship uss minnesota july instructor enlisted ratings norfolk virginia crew assembled new battleship uss nevada january served commissioned march united_states declared war germany underwent training board submarine tender uss june november war served submarines uss wars war ray posted battleship uss pennsylvania march submarine tender uss savannah july destroyer uss february executive officer destroyer uss walker november helped fit destroyer uss young served april transferred crew new destroyer uss helped fit served september ray returned instructor electrical engineering physics department september june served transport uss december executive officer destroyer uss wood assumed command destroyer uss july officer charge branch office honolulu aide flag secretary commander light cruiser june light cruiser divisions scouting fleet june september light cruiser september july ray married helen maryland daughters sons ray navy representative joint army navy selective services committee war department washington july september helped fit new cruiser uss new_orleans lieutenant damage control officer february executive officer following usual pattern alternating duty afloat ashore returned july second year tour instructor time department english history june entered naval war college newport rhode_island graduating june executive officer uss world war southwest pacific march chief staff aide commandant sixteenth naval district rear admiral francis promoted captain july serving capacity pacific war began awarded legion merit fighting citation read exceptionally conduct performance outstanding services government united_states chief staff sixteenth naval district outbreak world war captain ray continuously performed duties great responsibility bombing destruction navy yard december direction fire fighting evacuation personnel material administration naval facilities peninsula displayed courage marked leadership close personal contact personnel motor torpedo boat squadron constant concern problems outstanding example leadership exceptional efficiency profession entire period great stress performed exceptionally service government duties great responsibility captain ray sent december supervise work commander temporarily assumed duties chief staff completion reorganization captain ray ordered queen tunnel resumed duties chief staff march participated general douglas escape philippines ray awarded silver star citation read extraordinary heroism distinguished service line profession serving staff rear admiral francis commandant sixteenth naval district period march philippine islands extraordinary action maneuver involving general douglas captain ray detailed plans involving preparations movement major strategic importance hazardous nature executed mission marked skill face greatly superior enemy forces australia ray served general headquarters southwest pacific area sons lieutenant james ray destroyer uss lost hands august ray ordered united_states january awarded army distinguished service medal citation read exceptionally distinguished services government united_states duty great responsibility southwest pacific area period april april captain ray assigned general headquarters southwest pacific area establishment april serving naval advisor operations intelligence sections general staff april january establishment planning section january assigned chief section accomplishment service award recommended completed officer transferred assignment entire service captain ray rendering service recommendation based honorable uss maryland ray served office commander chief united_states fleet admiral king april september captain battleship uss maryland ship damaged japanese attack pearl harbor december returned service maryland participated battle november flagship rear admiral harry hill amphibious force southern attack force guns participated shore bombardment february joined battle firing island maryland guns supported battle pair coastal guns june torpedoed betty bomber repaired time join rear admiral western fire support group battle group vice admiral thomas seventh fleet maryland participated battle october battle joined battleships engaging japanese battleships escorts ray awarded second silver star citation read gallantry action commanding officer uss maryland contributed enemy surface forces including battleships october straits philippine islands captain ray capable direction caused ship deliver prolonged effective gunfire enemy ships november maryland attacked severely damaged aircraft forced return pearl harbor repairs services captain awarded bronze star germany ray left maryland december appointed deputy director naval division control group council germany day junior united_states member naval commission berlin promoted wartime rank commodore june returned united_states april services europe awarded second legion merit citation read exceptionally conduct performance outstanding services government united_states germany march december commodore ray distinguished unusually accomplishments deputy director naval division group control council germany later deputy naval advisor office military government germany junior member tri naval commission meeting berlin august december duty contributed high degree successful conclusion tri naval commission instrumental coordinating naval work group control council divisions group control council coordinating efforts powers represented naval group control council germany later life ray commander san_francisco group nineteenth fleet june july like reduced rank captain served capacity retired june point received promotion rear admiral combat decorations died december air_force base hospital california


september october early united_states_army aviator united_states_army air forces general world war joined army united_states entered world war trained aviator served france posted aviation instruction center qualified test pilot war returned school university kansas graduated commissioned lieutenant following years participated billy mitchell aerial bombing demonstration served commander 36th pursuit squadrons assignments entered world war promoted brigadier general sent southwest pacific area course war earned distinguished service cross named honorary commander order british_empire rose command fifth air_force war commanded far_east air forces continental air command air defense command retired passed vice chief staff united_states_air_force son grandson iii generals rising major general brigadier general respectively early life born farm near kansas september eldest children farmer wife educated district school high school entered university kansas intending obtain law degree world war plans changed united_states entry world war april enlisted august private aviation section signal enlisted reserve corps fort riley kansas february aviation cadet training wartime army school military university illinois air service flight school field illinois qualified rating reserve military aviator october commissioned lieutenant signal officer reserve corps sailed france november posted 3rd aviation instruction center training attended gunnery school test pilot spent rest war test pilot wars army january returned university kansas earning bachelor engineering degree graduation took job eagle reporter order earn money law school end decided preferred flying applied commission regular army commissioned lieutenant air service september september married mary known university kansas children daughter margaret born later lieutenant united_states_air_force son born graduated west_point initially stationed march field served flying instructor transferred kelly field assumed command pursuit squadron 1st pursuit group july participated brigadier general billy mitchell demonstration bombing attack german dreadnought 1st pursuit group moved field michigan july attended air service engineering school field graduating class december assigned pilot major leading mile pan american good flight touring south_america landing buenos_aires march aircraft float plane nicknamed new_york involved mid air collision detroit forcing bail suffered ankle pilot pilot detroit killed remaining planes flight completed tour airmen including received awards distinguished flying cross years engineering officer air corps division wright field ohio attended air corps tactical school field september june promoted captain returning 1st pursuit group took command 36th pursuit squadron staff duty tours field panama canal zone 16th pursuit group field 20th pursuit group headquarters general headquarters air_force field promoted temporary major april attended command general staff school fort world war graduation command general staff school posted intelligence division war department promoted lieutenant colonel december february transferred luke field new training base promoted colonel january lieutenant general george allied air forces commander south west pacific area lodged request lieutenant general henry arnold commanding general army air forces sent grade brigadier general replacement brigadier general george killed air crash near darwin northern territory april promoted june ordered southwest pacific flew kenneth walker bomber expert recently promoted brigadier general arriving australia july shocked confusion lack organization found day reported general douglas melbourne men later praised brilliant judgement energy time stocks air_force low recent battle bay japanese invasion force managed sail past raaf lockheed hudson aircraft suffering limited damage opinion general headquarters failure air situation encourage enemy attempt landings assurance unable provide needed better aircraft crews man arnold decided replace major general george arnold hoped newly brigadier generals best use available major general george arrived theater july knew having served air corps tactical school air_force served walker air corps tactical school known years later wrote brains leadership loyalty liked work months earlier luck lot better assumed command allied air forces august days later instituted sweeping reorganization allied air forces australian components assigned raaf command air vice marshal william american components consolidated reformed fifth air_force personal command paper organization followed orthodox pattern consisting fighter command brigadier general paul bomber command walker air services command major general rush lincoln realized maintain headquarters near moved brisbane july fighting thousands miles away new_guinea fifth air_force principal forward bases port walker headquarters heavy medium bombers based staged port accordingly appointed deputy fifth air_force commander commander advanced port months new_guinea concentrated building infrastructure obtained additional engineer units construction equipment new airfields developed roads housing protect aircraft frequent japanese air raids attempted build morale leadership units months coincided track campaign time despite efforts airmen ground troops japanese advanced steadily port ultimately turned short campaign awarded distinguished service cross australian government honorary commander order british_empire building allied air power required improvisation innovation skip bombing new tactic adopted fifth air_force enabled bombers attack ships low level parachute bomb gave light bombers increased accuracy close air support missions mitchell originally designed bomb medium altitudes level flight major paul additional guns installed nose aircraft enable perform low level role consistently gave support innovations battle sea march rewarded important victory japanese battle caused japanese abandon attempts bring supplies reinforcements direct sea route promoted major general march attitude earned high marks allied land commanders lieutenant general sir commander new_guinea force reported february found brigadier general extremely cooperative fact question asking help takes initiative allied offensive gained steam main task shift aircraft forward advancing bomb line japan lightning arrived theater late received fighter match japanese zero speed allied advance fifth air_force developed number technical tactical innovations extended range aircraft increasing distance allied advance dependent range aircraft assumed command fifth air_force june remained subordinate battle attempted forward range land based aircraft long battle attrition began ground air fifth air_force struggled gain upper hand inadequate numbers aircraft based gradually gained upper hand promoted lieutenant general june post war continued command fifth air_force participating occupation japan succeeded commander far_east air forces december commanded march returned united_states command continental air command instrumental splitting organization tactical air command air defense command commanding january seen air_force hierarchy attached political outspoken focused vice chief staff united_states_air_force dismayed appointment chief staff united_states_air_force lost mentor new chief relieved commander strategic air command october disappointed receiving fourth star feelings combined ill health caused retire july retirement testified united_states senate state nation air defenses pleaded fastest possible creation air_force atomic strike force ready raids hours attack united_states transports service strike force overseas bases fighters escort bombers missions wings weather jet fighters intercept enemy bombers urged achieved army navy cut token pointed united_states mainland defended atomic attack fewer weather fighters destroyed percent force attacking daylight night instrument meteorological conditions shot percent argued executed surprise atomic air attack likely succeed died newton kansas october buried arlington cemetery son later major general army late 1970s march grandson iii promoted brigadier general army reserve making generations general officers


michael walker baron walker field marshal michael john walker baron walker born july retired british_army officer commissioned served cyprus northern_ireland variety staff posts united_kingdom given command battalion mentioned despatches service second tour duty northern_ireland time subsequently served tour gibraltar promoted brigadier unusually having held rank colonel took command 20th armoured brigade germany corps chief staff major general walker appointed general officer commanding eastern district assistant chief defence staff ministry defence took command nato allied rapid reaction corps deployed balkans walker officer command land component nato led implementation force service multi national forces balkans awarded american legion merit command walker spent years commander chief land command appointed chief general staff professional head british_army promoted chief defence staff cds professional head british armed forces cds walker attracted controversy armed forces allegations prisoner abuse iraq war comments media coverage iraq endangered british troops walker retired subsequently appointed governor royal hospital post held married children early personal life born salisbury british colony southern modern day william walker walker née walker educated southern yorkshire school grove school west yorkshire spent months teaching preparatory school joining british_army walker married victoria née couple children sons daughter lists interests sailing shooting tennis skiing golf early military career attending royal military academy walker commissioned royal regiment second lieutenant july served platoon commander 1st battalion promoted lieutenant january posted cyprus year tour served northern_ireland troubles attending staff college promoted captain july serving staff position ministry defence walker promoted major end rejoined 1st battalion company commander based wiltshire took staff post promoted lieutenant colonel served military assistant chief general staff appointed officer order british_empire new year honours list december command 1st battalion walker served tour northern_ireland time later tour gibraltar mentioned despatches recognition distinguished service northern_ireland unusually walker promoted directly brigadier end having held rank colonel took command 20th armoured brigade based germany holding post chief staff corps high command walker attained general officer status promotion acting major general took command north east district 2nd infantry division having served gulf war promoted commander order british_empire later granted substantive rank major general december february going serve general officer commanding eastern district assistant chief general staff december october december walker appointed commander nato allied rapid reaction corps headquarters germany promoted acting lieutenant general granted substantive rank lieutenant general march queen birthday honours appointed knight commander order bath walker command deployed balkans december commander land component nato led implementation force return november command bosnia indirectly criticised richard refusal use authority perform implementation tasks including arresting indicted war criminals based statement white_house meetings christopher assumed commander use authority substantially meeting admiral smith shattered hope smith british deputy general michael walker clear intended minimalist approach aspects implementation force protection smith signalled extensive public statement people live program pale television odd choice local media appearance appointed companion order michael george end succeeded sir mike jackson walker promoted acting general appointed commander chief land command january granted substantive rank general april recognition service walker awarded american legion merit degree commander granted permission wear decoration september appointed aide camp general queen elizabeth_ii succeeding general sir michael rose turn succeeded general sir richard promoted knight grand cross order bath new year honours list end having served years commander chief walker appointed chief general staff professional head british_army april taking general sir roger remained years promoted chief defence staff cds professional head british armed forces succeeding admiral sir michael later lord cds walker criticised media coverage british deployments iraq particular claimed attacks black watch enhanced news reports location went result media coverage response wished ill meet like bomb comments rejected spokesman national union journalists generals turn start blaming reporters mistakes sign aren jobs properly walker general sir mike jackson chief general staff attracted controversy reforms armed forces included amalgamation army regiments form larger regiments leading loss historic names interview bbc october walker suggested army recruitment adversely affected iraq war commented war afghanistan said lot work military small years years long term going solved short term month gave interview sunday_times said soldiers morale damaged war british public later walker instrumental drawing new procedures treatment british service personnel accused iraqi prisoners following claims army abandoned soldiers charged connection prisoner abuses february walker headed military delegation bulgaria discuss military cooperation british bulgarian governments walker gave evidence iraq inquiry february spoke funding invasion iraq subsequent planning honorary roles lord walker held variety honorary ceremonial roles different regiments granted honorary titles colonel commandant deputy colonel queen division royal regiment april honorary colonel 3rd battalion duke wellington regiment west riding yorkshire volunteers october relinquished june succeeded general sir john colonel commandant army air corps held title april relieved lieutenant general sir richard later general lord appointed honorary colonel royal regiment succession major general patrick stone succeeded deputy colonel brigadier john major general went succeed walker honorary colonel february retirement walker relinquished appointment chief defence staff april retired army succeeded cds air chief marshal september walker appointed governor royal hospital holding post february resigned suddenly november announced receive life december created baron walker county suffolk sitting house_of_lords given ceremonial appointment deputy lieutenant greater london walker appointed honorary field marshal queen birthday honours arms

Michael Walker, Baron Walker of Aldringham


polish nobleman coat arms magnate military commander polish lithuanian commonwealth took campaigns commonwealth southern eastern borders occupied number high ranking posts administration commonwealth including great chancellor crown field crown promoted grand crown military career won major battles sweden ottoman_empire best known victory combined russian swedish forces battle aftermath poles seized occupied moscow died battle ottomans allegedly refusing retreat renowned military leader heroic death boosted fame seen accomplished military commanders history polish lithuanian commonwealth biography youth born village coat arms exact date birth unknown year disputed sources agree suggest attended cathedral school ukraine unlike peers higher education travel abroad pursued studies particularly interested history historical literature joined court king aid king secretary jan familiar movement advocated numerous reforms including military ones took diplomatic mission france sent meet newly elected king henry iii france way sent vienna early career gained military experience king danzig rebellion commanded polish subsequently participated campaign fighting siege maintained political alliance family campaigns ended particularly conflict night captured samuel subsequent execution caused controversy notorious role incident subject heated debates war polish succession factions iii iii supported commanded right flank commonwealth forces battle received knee wound remainder life battle appointed field crown field crown soon sent ukraine repel invasion requests military reinforcements went participated campaign battle near river following year defeated uprising known supporter grievances generally favored peaceful negotiations surrendered leaders uprising guaranteed fair treatment subsequently executed warsaw mob polish soldiers prisoners led deterioration polish relations returned took victorious battle operated north polish swedish war took successful siege taking year led polish forces battle led swedish capitulation siege ill near end campaign relinquish command forces jan returned ukraine defeated battle later year decided support king rebellion decision obvious mentor opposed king additionally related family sympathetic rebels arguments battle commanded left flank royal forces troops took relatively little battle unimpressed performance king grand crown appointed office second half took polish war known supported election russia idea personal union commonwealth russia polish union campaign achieved significant victory combined russian swedish forces battle result successful campaign seized moscow captured brothers rejected political plan required convert began write memoirs return beginning progress war published critique policies teacher tutor future military commander year returned ukraine defend continuing incursions unrest presented project raising soldiers argued need raise larger army deal project approved parliament final years popularity waned years career accused supporting samuel battle signing treaty relinquished influence ottoman_empire failing stop battle finally received grand crown shortly office grand crown chancellor brief period powerful individual commonwealth king position reached wealth family military achievement reputation despite years old continued active service military commander end died october commonwealth retreat battle turks polish ottoman war marked end campaigns battle comprised engagements polish forces routed rout killed according refused retreat preferring stay rear guard till end death received blessing father society jesus stood october painting battle battle corpse removal head sent constantinople trophy war widow bought body turks son captured battle buried lawrence church ukraine town enlarged built castle remembrance heroic death portrayed works art contemporaries boosted reputation guaranteed place famous polish military commanders years following death mentioned works writers julian maria present day story death best remembered aspect life number sources discussing legend monument built site death district son jan inscribed motto est pro sweet fitting die country monument destroyed rebuilt renovated venue events organized polish minority statue built demolished soviet troops aftermath soviet invasion poland modern poland celebrated military hero modern russia unity day instead celebrates anniversary surrender polish forces installed moscow garrison lawrence church castle renovated team polish family assets married regina son jan daughters course career amassed large fortune acquired lands near annual income wealthiest commonwealth assets eventually inherited son jan polish king renowned polish commander works beginning end war known beginning progress war describing campaigns diplomatic activity written person presenting account polish war


george speech army speech army alternatively known simply speech speech series speeches given general george troops united_states army prior allied invasion france established highly effective charismatic leader sought inexperienced army pending combat duty soldiers duty regardless personal fear constant offensive action profanity laced speaking viewed officers speech men historians acclaimed greatest speaking greatest speeches time abbreviated version speech iconic movie performed actor george scott enormous american flag performance instrumental bringing popular culture transforming folk hero background january lieutenant general george given command united_states_army field army newly arrived united_kingdom composed largely inexperienced troops job train army prepare upcoming allied invasion france join operation cobra breakout brittany seven weeks operation overlord amphibious invasion normandy established highly effective successful leader noted ability inspire men charismatic speeches delivered memory lifelong trouble reading deliberately cultivated distinctive image belief inspire troops carried trademark ivory handled smith model usually seen wearing highly polished helmet riding pants high cavalry boots bore rank horn loudly announce approach effective combat commander having corps north african campaign led seventh united_states_army invasion sicily times personally appearing troops middle battle hopes inspiring army beaten british general bernard law montgomery gained considerable fame incident sidelined career months time speeches attempting low profile press ordered general dwight central figure elaborate phantom army deception scheme germans believed dover preparing united_states_army group invasion occasion wear polished helmet dress uniform riding boots carry riding crop snap effect frequently kept face referred war face arrive mercedes deliver remarks raised platform surrounded large audience seated platform surrounding hills address delivered division sized force men speech began delivering speeches troops united_kingdom february extent giving particular speech famous unclear different sources saying taken form march early late number speeches given clear source saying suggesting unit army heard instance famous known speeches occurred june day day unaware actual date beginning invasion europe army initial landing force speech device men command prevent losing nerve delivered speech notes substantially occurrence order parts varied notable difference occurred speech delivered addressing 6th armored division began remark later famous won war dying country won making poor dumb die country words later written number troops witnessed remarks number exist differences wording historian terry brighton constructed speech number soldiers recounted speech memoirs including gilbert cook gay number junior soldiers wrote briefly diary noting talks stressed fighting killing speech later popular called simply speech speech referencing general seated men stuff hear america wanting fight wanting stay war lot americans love fight real americans love sting clash battle kids admired champion marble shooter fastest runner big league ball players toughest americans love winner tolerate loser americans play win time americans lost lose war thought losing americans battle significant competition man brings best removes base going die percent right today killed major battle man scared action says real hero man fights scared men minute fire hour takes days real man lets fear death honor sense duty country innate army career men chicken shit drilling purpose ensure instant obedience orders create constant bred soldier don fuck man toes drilling veterans men ready man alert time breathing german son bitch sneak beat death shit marked graves sicily man went sleep job german graves caught asleep officer army team lives eats sleeps fights team individual hero stuff write stuff saturday evening post don know real battle fucking best team finest food equipment best spirit best men world god actually pity poor going real heroes combat fighters single man army plays vital role don let don think job truck driver decided didn like shells turned yellow jumped ditch hell won miss man thousands man said hell thank god americans don man job man important ordnance men needed supply guns needed bring food clothes going isn hell lot steal damn man mess hall water getting job man think think buddy fighting alongside don want yellow army killed like flies home war breed brave men breed brave men kill nation brave men men saw african campaign telegraph pole midst furious fire moving stopped asked hell answered fixing wire sir isn little right asked yes sir wire got fixed asked don planes road bother answered sir sure hell real soldier real man man devoted duty matter great odds matter seemingly insignificant duty appeared time seen trucks road drivers magnificent day night son bitch roads stopping course shells men drove consecutive hours got good old american combat men soldiers job team fight lost sure want home want war win war lying quickest way started want hell clean thing purple quicker quicker home shortest way home berlin tokyo moving berlin personally going shoot paper hanging son bitch hitler man lying shell hole stays day eventually hell men don dig slow offensive moving win war win fighting showing germans got going shoot going rip living use tanks going murder fucking basket men wondering chicken fire don worry assure duty war bloody business killing business nazis enemy wade spill blood spill shoot rip open belly shells hitting dirt face realize dirt blood gut best friend know don want messages saying holding position holding thing advancing constantly interested holding enemy balls going hold balls going kick ass twist balls kick living shit time plan operation advance advancing going enemy like shit complaints pushing people hard don damn complaints believe sweat save blood harder push germans kill germans kill fewer men killed pushing harder means fewer casualties want remember men don surrender don want hear soldier command captured hit hit fight want men like lieutenant libya chest swept aside gun hand helmet hell helmet picked gun killed german time man bullet lung man don forget don know word fact mentioned letters world supposed know hell supposed commanding army supposed england let find germans day want rise soaked hind legs army son bitch thing men able war home thirty years sitting grandson knee asks great world war won shit louisiana sir look straight eye son rode great army son bitch named george right sons know feel proud lead wonderful guys battle impact troops command received speech general strong reputation caused considerable excitement men listened absolute silence spoke majority indicated enjoyed speaking style officer recounted end speech men fact telling mark play world history told right deep sincerity seriousness lay general colorful words men knew loved way gave humorous tone speech intentionally sought men laugh colorful delivery observers later noted troops find speeches funny particular use humor received enlisted men language barracks notable minority officers unimpressed displeased commander use viewing conduct military officer officers later speech replaced fucking account replaced going hold enemy balls going hold enemy nose critics frequent use general bradley subordinate known men polar personality considerable evidence bradley disliked personally professionally response criticisms coarse language wrote family member want men remember important stick double dirty sound nice bunch little old ladies afternoon tea party helps soldiers remember run army profanity profanity army profanity couldn fight way soaked paper bag army landed normandy july play integral role months war europe closing pocket mid august playing key role relieving siege battle december feat regarded notable achievements war rapid offensive action speed called speech actions brought army wide acclaim campaign historians acclaim speech best works author terry brighton called greatest speech war time exceeding morale effect literature words shakespeare gave king henry contended famous memorable quotes speech icon popular culture film general wartime exploits opening movie saw actor george scott delivering toned version speech enormous american flag began version won war dying country quote scott iteration omitted middle speech relating anecdotes sicily libya remarks importance soldier war effort contrast humorous approach scott delivered speech entirely low tone scott depiction scene iconic depiction general earned scott academy_award best actor instrumental bringing popular culture folk hero 8th episode burns pbs documentary civil war southern writer historian makes reference opening scene film particular quote americans lost war states amazing statement grandfather lee army northern virginia certainly lost war

George S. Patton's speech to the Third Army