boy scouts america boy scouts america largest youth organizations united_states million youth members nearly million adult volunteers founding international scout movement million americans point members goal train youth responsible citizenship character development self reliance participation wide range outdoor activities educational programs older age levels career oriented programs partnership community organizations younger members scout method program typical scouting values good citizenship outdoors skills variety activities camping hiking locations florida minnesota new_mexico west_virginia united_states ontario canada allow scouts participate aforementioned outdoor activities collectively called high adventure bases constituent member world organization scout movement traditional scouting divisions scouting boys ages years boy scouting boys ages young men women ages having completed 8th grade learning life non traditional subsidiary provides school career education operates traditional scouting local organizations churches clubs civic associations educational organization implement scouting program youth communities units led entirely volunteers appointed organization supported local councils paid professional volunteers origins progressive movement united_states height early 20th century migration families farms cities concerns people young men longer learning patriotism early promoter reforms young men focus social welfare programs mental physical social religious development notable predecessors united_states indians started thompson sons daniel founded daniel carter beard cincinnati ohio robert founded scouting movement england elements works influences scout programs boys started independently scouting united_states scout programs merged founding boy scouts america chicago publisher visiting london encountered boy came known unknown scout lost street unknown scout came aid guiding destination boy refused tip explaining boy scout merely daily good turn interested boy scouts met staff boy scouts headquarters accounts return incorporated boy scouts america february robinson lee interested nascent convinced turn program development april robinson enlisted beard charles prominent leaders early youth movements president roosevelt long complained decline american ardent supporter january robinson turned movement james west chief scout executive scouting began expand stated purpose incorporation teach boys patriotism courage self reliance values later deputy chief scout executive george fisher expressed mission generation comes maturity important duty teaching high ideals proper behavior generation follows current mission statement prepare young people ethical moral choices values scout oath law church jesus christ day saints partner sponsor scouting united_states adopting program mutual improvement association program young men federally chartered corporation holds congressional charter title united_states code means comparatively rare title corporations united_states statute incorporation established institution small number patriotic national organizations similarly chartered girl scouts usa american legion red_cross little league baseball national academy sciences federal incorporation originally primarily honor grant chartered organization special privileges rights including freedom monopoly regulation complete control organization symbols insignia special recognition implies congress special control remains free function independently behalf paul martin james west successfully lobbied congress federal charter president wilson signed june principal reasons seeking congressional charter way deal competition scout organizations including united_states boy scouts lone scouts america congressional charter reads purpose corporation shall promote organization cooperation agencies ability boys things train teach patriotism courage self reliance values methods common use boy scouts membership traditional membership scouting considered movement main programs scouting largest program available boys fifth grade years program designed pursue aims character development citizenship training personal fitness scouting divided age based levels tiger wolf bear scouts boy scouting flagship program boys ages boys achieved scout arrow light award completed 5th grade join young years old uses outdoor activities camping hiking achieve aims character citizenship personal fitness training varsity scouting sub division boy scouting available boys ages adds program high adventure sporting activities order arrow boy scouting national honor society experienced based american indian traditions dedicated ideals brotherhood cheerful service program young men women ages purpose provide positive experiences help youth mature prepare responsible adults sea scouting program young men women ages focused nautical activities lone scouting program designed allow able boy scouts scouts usually residence overseas isolated unsafe community participate scouting experience physically mentally disabled scouts united_states certified disabled scouting remain program regulation age limits provision allows members advance scouting far wish advancement measured achievement best scout abilities learning life learning life school work site based program subsidiary utilizes programs designed schools community based organizations designed prepare youth contemporary society enhance self confidence motivation self esteem exploring based program learning life programs based areas emphasis career opportunities life skills citizenship character education leadership experience learning life considered traditional scouting program use scout promise scout law uniforms insignia traditional scouting learning life programs open youth adults restriction based gender residence sexual orientation considerations age requirements membership controversies unlike learning life membership traditional programs restricted controversial girls join scouting boy scouting join sea scouting women adult volunteers programs today prohibit gay lesbian adults youth participation prohibit members based duty god principle supreme_court ruled boy scouts america boy scouts similar private voluntary organizations protected right amendment freedom association set membership standards adopted new policy statement including youth leadership policy members continue leadership positions event hold open scouts annual meeting april leader northeast presented resolution allow individual units accept adult leaders july culmination review started person committee convened reached unanimous consensus recommending retaining current policy ups cut financial ties policy decision national executive board members james ceo young ceo track president scout national board later publicly opposed policy stated intention work board actively encourage dialogue sustainable progress changing policy january announced considering ban allowing chartered organizations determine local policy member national council voted remove restriction denying membership youth basis sexual orientation emphasizing sexual conduct homosexual allowed resolution went effect january scout leaders open prohibited policy specifically states person sexuality gay rights groups hailed decision vowed press gay members accepted churches conservative members threatened quit boy scouts response june southern baptist convention passed non binding resolutions urging change policy september new scouting group called trail life usa created subsequently christian congregations replaced boy scouts america troops trail life usa boy scouts america president robert gates said time end ban gay leaders gates said sustained longer july boy scouts america executive committee agreed referred matter national executive board july boy scouts america national executive board voted lift organization blanket ban openly gay leaders employees local organizations permitted set standards based religious principle selecting adult volunteers unit aims methods ideals objectives referred aims scouting moral character development citizenship training development physical mental emotional fitness pursues aims informal education system called scout method variations designed appropriate age maturity membership division unit sponsored community organization youth program involved neighborhood community scouts wear uniform gives boy level identity den pack community boys learn meeting working den boys adult leadership learn apply ideals codified scout promise law pack character connections program develops core values citizenship compassion cooperation courage faith health fitness honesty positive attitude respect responsibility advancement system uses age based ranks optional academics sports program designed development physical mental emotional fitness advancement home intended involve entire family scout activities include family members boy scouts learn use ideals spelled scout oath scout law outdoor code scout motto prepared scout slogan good turn daily wear uniform work patrols boys elected patrol leader scouts share responsibilities apply skills learned meetings live outdoors advancement system provides opportunities personal growth self reliance scouts interact adult leaders act role models expected plan activities troop participate community service opportunities provided leadership training practical application scout motto prepared scout oath said holding right hand middle fingers raised scout sign honor best duty god country obey scout law help people times physically strong mentally awake morally straight scout law scout loyal helpful friendly kind cheerful brave clean values referred points scout law outdoor code american best clean outdoor manner careful fire outdoors conservation minded expected know live oath code associate work directly adults partners crew led elected youth officers given opportunities learn apply leadership skills plan participate group experiences dependent cooperation emphasis high adventure provides opportunities team building practical leadership applications series awards provide opportunities recognition personal growth award requires teach learned returning skill knowledge community enabling master skills october national council announced result findings recommendations select committee volunteer scout programs transition use boy scout oath promise case boy scout finger salute sign change occur late early scout change effect organization national council national council corporate membership boy scouts america consists volunteer meet annually day day operations national council administered chief scout executive national professional staff national council members include volunteers elected national officers executive board members regional presidents local council representatives members large honorary members national headquarters texas granted congressional charter codified stating purpose promote organization cooperation agencies ability boys things train teach patriotism courage self reliance virtues methods common use boy scouts june charter authorized set standards incorporation provided exclusive right use descriptive designating marks words phrases adopt finally founding president united_states served organization honorary president term office governance national executive board national executive board organization source reports members report lists members board led national president volunteer elected national council board members included regular elected members regional presidents appointed youth members chief scout executive board secretary non voting member national executive board number standing committees correspond professional staff organization national council present past members national executive board include presidential nominee young ceo james ceo members include church president thomas groups divisions program impact division responsible developing scouting program includes volunteer committees staff working volunteer training youth development program impact needs markets membership emphasis includes focus groups special committees working improve outreach youth families ethnic populations literature marketing materials targeting hispanic latino families asian american families african american families american indian scouting association partnership girl scouts usa outdoor adventure division oversees high adventure bases scout ranch northern tier national high adventure bases summit family national scout reserve florida national high adventure sea base special programs order arrow divisions provides support world national international scouting relations membership impact division works sustain marketing efforts relationships national organizations predominant number chartered organizations lions international international international american legion religious denominations units national supply group responsible developing selling uniforms insignia literature equipment sells equipment supplies national scout shops local council trading posts authorized independent online supply group licenses use commercial vendors administrative group provides internal administration service support includes marketing communications division responsible marketing program national websites publishing scouting adult leaders boys life youth national scouting museum located texas exhibits include norman paintings high adventure sections hands learning experiences interactive exhibits historical collection tracing uniforms themes documents beginning scouting movement america museum artifacts eagle scout medal arthur rose eagle scout national court honor highest awards action awards distinguished service awards eagle scout regions areas administrative purposes divided regions western central southern northeast region subdivided areas region volunteer president assisted volunteer officers board members committee members day day work scouting managed regional director assistant associate regional directors area directors regions areas subdivisions national council corporate status separate central region covers iowa kansas michigan minnesota missouri north ohio wisconsin parts illinois indiana kentucky montana nebraska south virginia west_virginia northeast region covers connecticut district_of_columbia delaware massachusetts maine new_hampshire new_jersey new_york pennsylvania puerto_rico rhode_island vermont virgin islands parts maryland virginia west_virginia members council southern region covers alabama arkansas florida georgia louisiana mississippi north_carolina oklahoma south_carolina tennessee parts illinois indiana kentucky maryland texas virginia west_virginia western region covers alaska arizona california colorado hawaii idaho new_mexico nevada oregon utah washington wyoming montana parts nebraska south texas territories located pacific_ocean members far_east council local councils program administered local councils council covering area vary single city entire state councils receive annual charter national council usually incorporated charitable organization council level organization similar national council council executive board headed council president annually elected local community leaders board establishes council program carries resolutions policies activities council board members serve pay volunteer working unit level youth members selected council executive board according council laws scout executive manages council operations including finance property management advancement awards scout shop sales staff professionals professionals volunteer commissioners lead unit service functions council help maintain standards assures healthy unit program charters councils american scouts living overseas largely military bases europe asia council headquartered italy serves units europe far_east council headquartered japan serves units western pacific areas direct service branch makes scouting movement available citizens living countries outside jurisdictions isolated areas council hawaii serves units american territories american guam northern islands sovereign countries states marshall islands greater new_york councils unique divided led borough scout executive borough divided districts similarly scouting population geographic distance utah national parks council divided sectors led volunteer assistant vice president assistant council commissioner sector divided districts councils divided districts leadership provided district executive district chairman district commissioner districts directly responsible operation scouting units district executive staffed volunteers voting members district consist volunteer representatives chartered organization having unit plus annually elected members large turn elect district chairman districts subdivisions local council separate corporate status chartered organizations units boy scouts america partners community organizations religious congregations groups service clubs community associations provide scouting program particular neighborhood community particular organization wishes outreach youth families organizations hold charters issued known chartered organizations chartered organization provides meeting place youth oversees volunteer leaders agrees follow basic safety policies values based program organization considered owner local program like franchise chartered organization units unit group youth adults collectively designated scout pack boy scout troop varsity scout team crew sea scout ship chartered organization charter units wishes usually unit program level council provides leader training inter unit activities camping programs volunteer professional support insurance coverage units create activities monthly camping trips service projects meet weekly place chartered organization youth learn basic skill development practice leadership small groups known patrols national camping school boy scouts america operates national camping school program trains people run departments areas boy scout summer camps online training offered areas require person week long training program national camping schools successfully completing week long program person entitled wear national camp school patch regular size patch worn right breast shirt pocket temporary patch spot national camping school certification valid years finance national council incorporated non profit organization funded private donations membership corporate sponsors special events ranked twelfth largest non profit organization total revenues million january american institute philanthropy listed chief scout executive roy williams having fifth highest compensation nonprofit chief united_states williams pay total expenses national average charities higher williams honored effective non profit leaders nonprofit times robert chief scout executive boy scouts america received salary compensation 4th highest compensation package given charity head charity according charity watch charity watch rates corporate funding addition donations individuals receives extensive donations major corporations corporate donors order bank america wells ups bank ups cut funding leadership training offers wide variety mandatory optional training programs youth protection outdoor skills leadership adult leadership training adult leader complete youth protection training strongly encouraged complete general overview training called scouting fast start training specific program level position specific training offered direct contact leaders completion basic training leader wear trained emblem uniform supplemental skill specific training available volunteers gain knowledge outdoors skills including camping hiking aid leave trace swim safety climbing safety hazardous weather skills highest level training wood badge focused helping participants develop leadership skills participating outdoor program weekends councils offer high adventure training adults powder horn program sea scouting leaders advanced leadership management course youth leadership training boy scout varsity scout youth leaders attend unit level troop leadership training local councils offer advanced national youth leadership training national council offers national advanced youth leadership experience conducted training center boy scouts america offers leadership academy trains youth staff members country council level courses sea scouts attend unit level introduction leadership skills crews introduction leadership skills ships crew officers attend crew officer orientation council provided leadership training program order arrow members attend national leadership run multiple times year region impact american life scouting boy scouts known american culture term boy scout generally describe earnest honest helps term deemed overly prominent americans diverse walks life filmmaker steven_spielberg helped launch merit badge cinematography steve politicians members youths thirds type involvement scouting men walk moon scouts including eagle scouts armstrong charlie duke derby wood car racing event scouts declared celebrated rite spring named america best reader digest president ford said scouting principles know better athlete better naval officer better congressman better prepared president famed american illustrator norman works closely associated boy scouts america 20th century beginning began illustrating covers boys life magazine youth drew organization annual calendar illustrations tribute 75th birthday officials brown boy scouts america asked pose calendar illustration celebrations scouting paintings toured nation viewed people city tour works scheduled wrote legacy honor large positive impact eagle scouts america cited examples scouts especially eagle scouts represented hurricane katrina volunteer relief workers represented members united_states senate governor perry texas eagle scout defended policies restrictions criticisms book honor american values boy scouts worth fighting mark ceo clear channel communications told magazine interviewer particularly ages youth years old taking time spend focus cultural core values like loyal helpful different things scouting huge positive impact boys lives turn positively impacts communities society mayor new_york_city business michael said scout law required boy scouts scout loyal helpful friendly kind cheerful brave clean american values americans simplistic ways direct ways things think great strengths country peter editor new_york_times wrote experience adult participating son scouting activities feel lucky unexpected vehicle share son youth shape shaped concluded scouting viewed old fashioned scouting core values wonderful building blocks movement life scouting genuinely goals instincts important things kids genuinely cooperative competitive turn 20th century halloween turned night vandalism destruction property cruelty animals people boys clubs neighborhood organizations came encourage safe celebration end destruction common night boy scouts america particular scout uniforms insignia film portrayals reason films television productions utilize scouting organizations examples include order straight arrow portrayed king hill cartoon series indian guides depicted chase film man house exception policy disney movie follow boys fred portraying rural troop released theaters released final scene television tony soprano sits dinner restaurant table scouts uniform seated good turns inception scouting movement scouts urged good turn daily slogan boy scouts america national good turn promotion safe fourth july world war scout save soldier slogan children involved boy scouts girl scouts help sell war savings stamps scouting food ongoing annual program begun collects food local food banks developed service america commitment provide million hours service youth members end year service america provided service projects conjunction national_park_service october department interior expanded program creation pride america opening service americans service america good turn america expanded address problems hunger inadequate housing poor health conjunction salvation army american red_cross habitat humanity organizations sex abuse cases scouting sex abuse cases situations youth involved scouting programs sexually abused involved scouting program chief scout executive united_states quoted 1980s article sexual assault cases scout leaders states issue boy scouts began reports surfaced years incidents sexual abuse boy scouts america include incidents repeat offenders high profile court cases resulted convictions settlements involving incidents october boy scouts america forced court order release pages documentation alleged child sexual abuse cases organization 1980s developed youth protection program educate youth leaders parents problem introduce barriers sexual abuse children scout program reach victims deep leadership adult member youth member child joining youth discuss parents pamphlet sexual abuse adults youth protection training new adult members pass criminal background check adults members pass background check youth protection plan organization linked report programs national scout national scout gathering boy scouts usually held years adjustment special years national scout celebrated centennial held washington monument washington held varying locations beginning held fort hill virginia permanent location owned sought future high adventure programs training summit family national scout reserve near west_virginia permanent site beginning national scout high adventure bases boy scouts america operates high adventure bases national level offers wide range programs training typical core program include sailing wilderness wilderness trips bases administered high adventure division national council current high adventure bases boy scouts america include scout ranch northern tier national high adventure bases florida national high adventure sea base summit family national scout reserve site eagle scout scout rank called eagle scout introduction eagle scout rank earned million young men requirements include earning merit demonstrating scout spirit boy scout oath law service leadership includes extensive service project scout plans leads manages eagle scouts presented medal badge visibly recognizes accomplishments scout additional recognition earned eagle awarded completing additional tenure leadership merit badge requirements famous americans eagle scouts astronaut armstrong film director michael moore host mike steven_spielberg mayor michael secretary defense robert gates president ford small sample eagle scouts


cliff cliff eighth season episode american television series cheers directed andy james directed episodes originally aired january episode cliff john appears game jeopardy game host alex guest stars cliff racks game loses final round episode received praise critics concept guest star plot cliff john competes television game jeopardy temporarily moved taping boston special occasion end double jeopardy round twice score second place contestant theoretically ensuring win final jeopardy clue bernard category movies cliff responds incorrectly people kitchen having entire score cliff loses cliff objects argues demanding answer accepted host alex later arrives cheers tells cliff response accepted earlier announces resignation host jeopardy cliff convinces remain host telling mean cliff shares news norm george praises cliff feel better says realize cliff bar meeting coincidence says cliff story sam receives telephone calls women previously dated angry making dates arriving eventually discovers little black book stolen help bar patrons find detective work sam discovers thief called sam women howe alley recipient list thief turns teenage boy named davis wants like sam let sam tells start girls age gives tip girl reception general norman said funniest episode cheers don superior telegram called episode greatest said final jeopardy moment hilarious robinson dvd talk said category topics specifically civil servants stamps world mothers sons beer bar round jeopardy concept episode riot hot springs village_voice called cliff final jeopardy moment classic example caused know nature andrew book hope called episode memorable episodes cheers found cliff response final jeopardy clue right wrong example thinking called cliff poster child joy paul jeopardy contestant book considered episode jeopardy episodes essential episodes focus characters trapped elevator dates night legacy early jeopardy reference cheers episode happened airing final round jeopardy college championship soon champion michael college bet wrote met response final jeopardy round contestants responses revealed commented michael looks like watching episode cheers jeopardy contestant responded final jeopardy clue question inspired cliff incorrect response final jeopardy round book kitchen according michael new_jersey alex later recalled cliff losing moment broke huge laugh peter defined pulling reference cliff leading score losing zero final jeopardy round tactic avoid jeopardy jeopardy fan community episode gave rise known rule pulling cliff rule thumb states player lock runaway game place player twice score second place player matter category double jeopardy round jeopardy episode categories shown cliff game civil servants stamps world mothers sons beer bar episode jeopardy season aired september jeopardy champion elizabeth williams echoed cliff answer response final jeopardy clue williams combined opponents incorrect responses allowed williams triumph day nonetheless


ring ring episode american situation comedy cheers written les charles directed james episode aired september nbc pilot episode introduces employees bar cheers sam chambers coach regular customers norm cliff episode brought fiancé meets employees patrons bar realizes fiancé left bar accepts sam offer bar start original script employees principal characters norm cliff included later revisions added norm cliff scenes rewritten originally cheers set hotel changed bar ratings low episode aired moderately successful critically praised years earned writers awards best writing plot owner sam opens bar professor michael boston university student fiancée chambers customers planning barbados married wedding ring leaves ring wife waits learns people bar sam baseball player recovering alcoholic bitter children male patrons playing body sweat movies game returns hours later suggesting cool hand luke movie telling wife ring wife calls bar change heart leaves sam argue sam tells probably plane wife calls airport change flight reservation finds prepares home realizing job teaching assistant gone pity sam offers job cheers educational background initially refuses remembers number orders including special requests table reluctantly accepts job following day customer international tourist holland asking lost casting pilot introduces employees bar cheers boston massachusetts order appearance sam recovering alcoholic baseball player owner cheers chambers long college student bar abandoned fiancé end episode nicholas voiced nicknamed coach sam coach career relief pitcher boston_red_sox bitter cynical husband nick children creators rejected idea casting star mary tyler moore sought actors previously unknown public interviewed people principal roles sam chambers coach steve credited stephen cast original characters according cast umpire ron auditioned coach producers wanted experienced actor robert later appeared howe alley navy father cheers episode daddy little middle aged girl author episode crane critique turned role coach actor director nicholas won role auditions held sam pairs tested william lisa fred julia long premiered appeared field long appeared night shift starring henry happy days fred later appeared dave richards friend sam sam sam originally wide receiver new_england patriots fred considered role football player nbc executives liked test scenes long creators chose instead making sam relief pitcher boston_red_sox auditioned role sam surprises actors terrific concert actor read scene got chance looking actors laugh loyal characters matched customers introduced norm george recognized bar enters quick drink cliff john appears conversation male patrons bar george john originally auditioned role george cast original script george customer end episode annoyed long explanation delivered word line beer cast writers revised script role evolved norm onscreen customer enter bar way cast suggested producers know character added led creation character cliff character cut pilot episode unpleasant racist wheelchair bound old woman named supposedly regular customer cheers intended recurring character lines filmed rough cut pilot producers decided cut character episode found character characters overall tone uncredited actress played seen background performer scenes sources credit actress unidentified actress seen camera looks like answer question actress cheers writer producer stated blog producers ultimately decided eliminate completely point forward necessitating changes filmed scripts episodes bar patrons speaking roles completed episode john portrays teenage boy cold open holland brief bit customer ron appears stands bar near cliff offers ben choice movie production creators cheers crew taxi writers les charles director james created sitcom project initially set hotel setting changed hotel bar finally boston neighborhood bar filmed pub stage paramount studios lot cheers set inspired bull pub boston known cheers beacon hill pictured right boston bar chosen interior brick polished brass city chosen cosmopolitan great sports town previously explored television creators sports fans athletic element added bar said intended bar people visit drinks jokes earlier scripts scene orders phone children suggests hiring replied cast know ending pilot episode production final draft script dated april reception ratings nbc premiere lineup september consisted beginning eastern pacific time fame cheers taxi hill street blues cheers debuted hour season premiere hour season premiere close comfort finished 60th place programs nielsen rating alaska premiered october december episode receiving rating finishing 57th programs airing december critical reaction episode originally aired fred associated_press called introduction new wise cracking comedy warm companion television delightful place spend idle time star hole known cheers television radio critic mike drew said great funnier cute lines sitcom like bunker place tavern radio set bars fred smith news found episode similar taxi set place business cheers boston bar taxi new_york taxi company sensible guy pretty girl main characters long cheers taxi comedies found amusing jokes funny forced number weird characters greater real life bar counterparts walker press play website found episode sentimental funny episode focuses character development life loss love said cheers grow called episode true introduction series considered stories sam friends series premise robin raven yahoo voices called cheers episodes austin film website called best ign ranked number cheers episodes awards primetime emmy awards writers creators les charles won emmy award outstanding writing comedy series episode brothers received writers guild america award best screenplay episodic comedy episode earned production designer richard set george emmy nomination outstanding art direction series won tales gold monkey home media home media release episode vhs cassette united_states september initial launch seven paramount home video volume contained pilot episode volumes contained episodes episode released region dvd season box fan favorites best cheers march


fifth season finale american television sitcom cheers written les charles directed james originally aired nbc eastern central fifth season sam repeatedly proposes refuses repeatedly accepts engagement chambers previous episode house home sam bought house episode aired decided renew contract sam long decided quit series conclude romance sam went years ideas attempted write end story arc ideas kept thrown episode offered opportunity finish novels choose talents man sam persuaded talents leaves job bar relationship city series finale road long makes special guest appearance chambers sam story line resurfaced long departure producers series plans reconstruct introducing new female lead resemble long highlights episode reception chambers departure end sam constant romance plot michael fiancé series pilot returns cheers surprising bar patrons room tells submitted unfinished manuscripts colleagues praised sent publishers excited persuades leave including sam order talents warns finishing novel impossible wasted marries sam tells leave bar return unbeknownst sam conversation pool table underneath covered home house bought previous episode house home sam discuss talents relationship stake admit suggests married immediately sam reluctant leaves moment later sam elderly living chooses sam career fantasy sam happily married elderly couple children grandchildren finished novel assures sam regrets abandoning talents affect marriage happiness reality decide set wedding bar people know relationship following day wedding commissioned justice peace william phone picked woody announces unfinished novel praised publishers finished likely published unaffected wants marry sam convinces set writing talents marriage failures like ballet filmmaking convinced writing skills decides writing career chance putting wedding end closing time sam embrace time promises return months sam tells good life promise leaves bar bar sam tells good life elderly versions embracing dancing music production producers intended cheers comedy bar claimed sam romance years bar minor role irrelevant long left chambers episode long leaving series producers plans bar central setting originally intended credited long departure saving series cancellation years writing sam straight man especially writers transform sam season creators february decided find female lead replacement hair blonde resemble long haired alley debuts howe episode home sailor episode written les charles directed james december long decided leave cheers regular character chambers terrific work cheers movie career family signed contract season led producers charles brothers separate sam idea sam write risk quality losing viewers developed written having leave boston writing career ideas attempted discarded like sam child season sam single father ideal man endings filmed attempt actual secret possible long decide stay sam married accepts offer finish novel revealed producers alternate ending sam married aired minute fox special produced center called laughs stories television favorite comedies museum television radio special steve credited background appearance episode reception episode originally aired nbc eastern central scored rating share watched million homes ranked nielsen ratings episode originally aired los_angeles_times called episode hilarious somewhat contrived disappointing felt sam married end collins usa_today called selfish relieved character left series according collins friends people cheers onscreen befriended women teased men pleased later reviews analyzed departure chambers end relationship sam entertainment_weekly called sam breakup episode time best breakup scenes history david guide episodes commercials robinson dvd talk found departure poorly jane huffington_post amy talking box blog called wedding sam favorite weddings happen ign placed number cheers episodes


home sailor cheers home sailor sixth season premiere american television sitcom cheers originally aired september nbc episode including fictional character howe portrayed alley permanent female lead follows long regular appearances female lead chambers left boston plot months sam sold bar corporation place market eddie turns surprised tells pregnant incorporated actress real life pregnancy sam returns bar attempt sail world failed ran ashore caribbean cheers new management woody employed bar instead wear uniforms sam needs job bar woody new employee wayne chambers attempts writing novel said failed led leaving boston write hollywood sam meets howe new manager cheers immediately turned based rumors sam sexual prowess uses sam office completely renovated sam able use tricks talking boss drake crush knows sam baseball player wants hire sam hired current sacked room bar regulars want wayne wants fire woody competition wayne actually knows drink known man wayne loses bet agrees leave wins bet gets sam damaged gang plays prank cause wayne lose fictional cocktail screaming viking walks wise game tells sam leave sam promises sort occur hired understanding chance uses seductive baseball metaphor pun having balls production producers intended cheers comedy comedy set boston bar claimed sam romance years bar minor role irrelevant long left chambers written long departing series producers planned format losing bar choice intent relieved series survive long les charles observed sam straight man gone seeking new female lead james told people magazine thought bitch met alley vulnerability woman 1980s long decided leave creators knew wanted new female lead unknown television viewers blonde hair resemble long alley actresses audition role howe met criteria producers continued audition actresses improved alley portrayal character following haired alley debuted howe michael tim steve credited background appearances reception home sailor scored rating placed list shows tuned households week september episode earned writers les charles emmy award nomination outstanding writing comedy series win ranked guide greatest episodes time ign ranked number cheers episodes screaming viking screaming viking fictional cocktail seen episode actual cocktail according recipe book boston chef table cocktail sold cheers beacon hill pub modeled recipe book provides ingredients cocktail orange infused dark juice juice graham provides different ingredients screaming viking cocktail recipe dry lime juice stalk spear restaurant charleston south_carolina sells cocktail variation different ingredients slice mint leaves water


coach daughter coach daughter fifth episode american television sitcom cheers written directed james aired nbc october episode serves appearance lisa portrayed episode coach daughter lisa arrives fiancé roy rude causing coach aired episode scored low nielsen ratings network episode improved earn award nominations praised favorite critics cast alike including late nicholas plot coach nicholas daughter lisa arrives fiancé roy philip charles door door salesman turns repulsed roy personality insults people including lisa coach finds roy good coach reluctant tell roy appears like wants father matters worse restaurant roy forces pay dinner makes coach witnessing roy treatment coach friends convince tell lisa roy late longer able silence coach escorts lisa office admits lisa good treats badly like roy openly refuses let marry lisa reluctantly admits knows roy relationship roy roy man life coach shocked disbelief tells beautiful lisa objects begs moment analyze physical appearance insecure coach realizes lisa resembles mother comfortable beauty coach tells lisa beautiful day regardless appearance mother beautiful day finally lisa feels self confident thanks father comments talk office lisa confesses roy hates finds roy relationship vows return leaves forever exits bar lisa prepares celebrate freedom roy coach leave bar long draws sketches people efforts resemblance subjects production remarked audience laughed filming office scene coach daughter end episode audience laughed les charles decided lift laughter office scene heard final cut portraying tim minor insignificant character multiple episodes tim portrays works lab credited couple shows artwork reception ratings episode aired nbc october eastern pacific central mountain competing cbs simon simon abc close comfort landed nationally broadcast prime time programs nielsen rating alaska aired november episode subsequently aired nbc march competing simon simon takes landed nationally broadcast programs rating aired nbc july competing simon simon abc hour television movie landed nationally broadcast programs rating share critical reaction reviews positive considered favorites cast crew involved episode including especially late nicholas george john portrayed norm cliff respectively considered personal favorites mainly office scene coach daughter sunday gazette called office scene poignant robert pittsburgh press praised episode favorites called office scene coach daughter tender reviewers club agreed scene coach daughter office episode mixed feelings rest episode ryan found episode found coach daughter lisa meredith blake found episode praised episode overall including moments outside story coach daughter adams observed coach immediately sense bad aspect roy impact les charles wanted episode emmy nominated outstanding writing comedy series writer episode declined working simultaneously taxi permitted submit episode committee consideration submitted taxi script instead appearing fictional detective agency television found roles year episode according episode referenced novel written entitled american gods novel main character revealed watched episode particularly office scene coach daughter later gods contact controlling cliff broadcast episode


showdown cheers showdown season finale american television sitcom cheers written les charles directed james originally aired nbc separate parts respectively march cheers pilot college educated chambers neglected previous lover hired sam resisted season episode sam successful brother love interest leaving torn sam end sam embrace office original initially scored low nielsen ratings subsequent enjoyed improved ratings aired days won emmy awards thirteen nominations including outstanding directing comedy series episode primetime emmy awards week second season premiere critical highlights episode unseen appearance sam cliffhanger kiss plot sam jealous successful better educated multi talented handsome years discovers arriving boston private jet coach nicholas offered coaching job venezuela requiring spanish unseen character voiced george ball arrives unexpectedly bar patrons talents include singing playing pool table tap dancing telling stories offers job regular patron norm george teaches coach spanish increasing chances hired long common interests pair sam date sam hears private jet carries week later norm fired job corporation committed tax fraud taking long lunch norm honest man corporation considers reason termination coach hears phone coaching job given putting efforts learn spanish waste sam fiancée arrives bar trip coach torn ideal mate committed bubblegum sam coach insists sam express feelings tells sam leaving immediately trip sam fires saying goodbye bar returns office accidentally hits sam nose opens door convinced sam coming office argue admit feelings come terms relationship compared potential relationship sam embrace rejects advances attempts kiss insult end kiss production season finale written les charles directed james aired nbc network announced renewed cheers second season march filmed stage lot paramount studios los_angeles local pub paul credited background appearances parts helen page camp portray customers randomly changing orders choose wild turkey whiskey beer ratings episode originally aired nbc march opposite cbs simon simon abc takes rated 51st nationally broadcast programs nielsen rating alaska aired april september time slot opposite cbs simon simon abc football game rated 28th nationally broadcast programs rating share originally aired march opposite cbs simon simon abc takes rated 36th programs rating alaska aired april time slot september opposite cbs simon simon hour premiere abc trauma center week second season premiere power play days primetime emmy awards episode rated 23rd programs rating share reception april reviewer united press international found office scene sam hilarious september television critic found sibling rivalry plot new praised fresh sophisticated episode earned graphic designers james castle award outstanding individual achievement graphic design title sequences primetime emmy awards ceremony episode earned james emmy outstanding directing comedy series crew won directors guild america award comedy series surveillance website found finale romantic storyline poorly executed freelance writer robert david sullivan blog ranked episode time favorite episodes sullivan highlighted cliffhanger kiss landmark increasing sitcom use dismissed sibling storyline cheap ploy bring sam lisa book female investigator literature film popular culture considered unseen character writer tool bring couple david episodes commercials called sam kiss end cheers greatest moments reviews season finale club website positive murray praised episode act structure ryan cited concealed appearance sam kiss volatile confrontation guide amy entertainment called sam kiss kisses ranked sam kiss list greatest sitcom kisses time guide ranked showdown list greatest episodes popular culture alan_sepinwall star-ledger said episode season met mother ride scene regular character patrick harris recurring character britney_spears features homage sam office scene episode includes lines like turned right


boys bar boys bar sixteenth episode season american situation comedy television series cheers originally aired january nbc written david directed james episode narrative deals homosexuality coming inspired coming story los_angeles_dodgers baseball player episode sam teammate tom portrayed reveals homosexuality sam slowly supportive bar regular customers express disdain sam support fear sam support tom bar place episode nielsen ratings initial airing low improved subsequent nbc episode received attention plot tom old friend baseball teammate sam announces forthcoming autobiography homosexual press conference held bar sam shocked tom revelation chambers long helps sam calm discuss tom moments later sam publicly accepts supports tom sexuality local newspapers report pages day read newspaper bar regular patrons including norm george express disdain worries sam support old friend turn cheers gay bar criticizes says actually gay men bar regulars conclude male newcomers homosexual try persuade sam escort bar sam concerned dividing regular customers potential gay customers employees regulars pulled argue newcomers room newcomers sam support tom sam decides avoid customers norm regulars trick men assuming drinks escort bar tells regulars men escorted homosexual gay men present men question kiss norm production boys bar written david directed james inspired coming story los_angeles_dodgers baseball player wanted explore sports bar episode nbc deemed story risky cheers nielsen ratings low season production episode went ahead days rehearsals problem free minor major effects script cast rehearsed days production camera crew rehearsed fourth day live studio audience present fifth cast including advised change word loved episode crew found especially cheek kissing scene end hilarious according live studio audience remained silent filming ending norm given extra line better referring character wife kissing silence dead silence hear wasn like people got didn laughed single person explanation background actors portraying bar customers john michael kenneth lee ryan jack knight tom shannon sullivan john portray reporters press conference harry anderson role harry hat cold open reception broadcast boys bar aired nbc january competing cbs simon simon abc takes ranked 41st nationally broadcast programs garnered nielsen rating alaska aired february episode broadcast july simon simon abc television film shooting stars ranked 25th nielsen rating share aired january simon simon abc television film love children ranked 13th nielsen rating equivalent million homes critical reaction ben author primetime propaganda called boys bar episode pushes liberal agenda soft funny manner season said episode ending shows wrong silly norm homosexuality simply awkward general public website surveillance norm comments called honest time circumstances according book good sam concerns losing regular anti homosexual bar customers cheers gay bar depicted sympathetic regulars practical argument instead strong moral argument stephen called episode definite highlight season popmatters book prime time closet called moral lesson judging person based appearances said fictional baseball player tom typical gay characters related series regular appear exploited delivering message homosexuality audience discarded seen heard mentioned club critics discussed episode found episode intended message tolerate making norm regulars appear ridiculous murray said episode structure prevented development sam old baseball team mate murray found stereotypes gay men dated murray considered men securing homosexuality ryan found studio audience reactions episode ambiguous especially years episode aired accolades episode nominated outstanding writing comedy series primetime emmy awards lost ring pilot episode cheers won writers guild america award best screenplay episodic comedy award ring alliance gay lesbian artists entertainment industry awarded episode realistic depiction sam support bar


thanksgiving thanksgiving ninth episode fifth season american television sitcom cheers written bill directed james originally aired november nbc characters families friends spend time plans gather thanksgiving feast food fight filmed food fight scene partially choreographed twice plot thanksgiving sam fiancée lonely wants company cliff mother volunteers feed homeless cliff john past year unwilling norm george want mother law house lacks beer television woody woody indiana away family children nick husband insistence invites gang thanksgiving long invited american literature professor annual thanksgiving party hopes meet william scene new house seen episode house formal dining brick begins woody cliff watching television norm arrives turkey puts oven explains went mother house sam arrives sister arrived town want arrives dressed professor party discovered invited domestic help left tears gang including reluctant decides allow stay dinner continue watching television turns forces dinner dining room eager eat tells suspend eating turkey ready comes goes turkey gone cold norm start blaming turkey slow cooking norm throws throws cliff throws throws skin cliff misses accidentally hits woody gang start food fight stands loudly tells stop close sam throws sauce food fight resumes time food fight ends turkey finally cooked gang decides eat comes kitchen throws pie spite sam throwing sauce pie misses sam accidentally hits enters tells norm norm coat home norm agrees production bill wrote episode directed james shot food fight scene twice scene point character sam throws sauce chambers face extended takes resulted strong food odor set food fight takes floor covered plastic order prevent vital materials broken cast slipping floor scene attempt ineffective episode aired production crew received angry letters food fight scene time world hunger political cause according food scene donated charity husband george portrays norm appears episode norm wife credited role face visible audience struck pie thrown previously appeared episode fairy tales come true hare dressed bell halloween reception episode aired nbc thanksgiving day november week ending november sixth highest nielsen rating share huffington_post included food fight sequence list awkward thanksgiving scenes time movies television guide ranked number seven greatest episodes time list ign called fourth best cheers episode highlighting witty dialogue bonding characters club retrospective group review praised episode especially food fight reviewers highlighted effective short reference characters past colleague late coach setting episode house bar reviewers especially interested moments food fight described characters gang favorite long awaited appearance face covered pie


cardiff blues leicester tigers cup second semi final cup premier european club rugby union competition saw cardiff blues leicester tigers millennium stadium cardiff scores level regular time team able score extra time resulting penalty shoot professional rugby match teams missed kicks taking shoot sudden death teams successful kicks rounds sudden death williams missed cardiff eighth kick allowing jordan crane hit winner regular time cardiff took early lead penalty leicester scott hamilton scored converted try kicked penalty cardiff scored penalties lead successful penalty leicester gave point lead going half time early second half murphy scored try leicester converted kicked penalties extend lead minutes remaining leicester players sent sin cardiff scored tries minutes regular time roberts tom james conversions successful bring scores level game extra time following match criticism format penalty shoot specifically way game decided kicks goal attempted players wouldn kick ball rugby match journalist commented way deciding game believed turned semi final way deciding winner review promised tournament organisers changes format ahead following season tournament cup match needed decided penalty shoot background cardiff blues team finish pool stage cup unbeaten season saw given quarter finals meant home quarter final second best runners pool stage cardiff won quarter final leicester lost games pool stage amassed sufficient points finish pool seeded fourth meant given home draws fifth seeded bath leicester beat bath reach semi final draw prior quarter finals determined winner match cardiff home country advantage meaning choose venue country semi finals provided designated home ground winner match leicester bath drawn away team cardiff elected stage game millennium stadium cardiff located adjacent usual cardiff arms park ground larger capacity compared capacity arms park cardiff moved quarter final game millennium stadium despite able use ground stage competition advantage increased capacity regular time cardiff suffered early setback captain paul injured minutes replaced ben blair gave cardiff lead penalty kick minute mark leicester awarded penalties quick succession cardiff elected attempt kick goal unsuccessful attempts leicester score came form try scott hamilton minutes following line break toby flood drew defenders passing ball hamilton try converted successful penalty kick minutes score leicester cardiff hit successful penalty kicks blair successfully kicked penalty half time leicester lead break half time leicester increased lead converted try murphy minutes penalties extended leicester lead going minutes flood left field injury replaced aaron leicester players sent sin quick succession shown yellow card minutes killing ball cardiff attack murphy shown yellow card minutes deliberate knock cardiff attack leicester absence shortly return murphy pitch sin cardiff roberts scored try ben blair successfully kicking conversion metres restart cardiff gathered ball roberts break metres cardiff goal line passing tom james ran metres score try exactly place roberts blair kicked conversion tie scores minutes remaining scores match went extra time extra time second occasion cup semi final match gone extra time previously required match extra time consisted halves minutes winner decided team score higher end extra time score system sports rules provided scores level extra time team scored tries match winner event team score extra time scored number tries match meant match decided penalty shoot time occurrence happened professional rugby match final minute extra time leicester medical staff indicated needed blood injury replacement dan elected bring substituted minutes regular time field replacement match officials requested leicester demonstrate open wound blood cut satisfied injury legitimate allowed replacement penalty shoot approaching cardiff decided use bring experienced goal field place roberts penalty shoot rarity penalty shoot rugby meant standard format existed tournament organisers left rules format shoot event required positions kicks taken type kick number order players participate case cup rules set organisers european rugby cup prescribed format closely resembling soccer matches team alternately place kicks position metre line directly posts kick taken different player players present pitch end extra time event scores level kicks sudden death place team alternately taking kick round occurred team successful kick team missed kick required taken different player starting players kick shoot winner decided players attempted kick process continue player eligible kick players attempt cardiff won coin toss elected kick ben blair goal match attempt kicks respective sides successful teams nominated players team experience goal kicking teams successful second kicks cardiff fourth player experienced goal successful leicester selected murphy regular missed score rounds meant cardiff successful kick lead win match experienced goal choose tom james stepped kick missed allowing leicester chance draw level scott hamilton scored kick bring scores kicks shoot sudden death teams successful kicks including leicester forward kick shoot seven backs having attempted kick cardiff required select forward player eighth kick chose williams missed giving leicester chance win match successful eighth kick number jordan crane selected attempt successful resulting leicester winning shoot advancing cup final match details post match reaction williams remained dressing room minutes game emerged opted speak media later reaction expressing opinion format bit lottery observed somebody going miss got live fact credited victorious leicester players game sent messages support jordan crane said match felt calm prior taking kick williams miss meant event crane missed scores remain level sudden death continue tom james missed kick earlier shoot won match cardiff said word properly describes feeling number outlets expressed disappointment penalty shoot particular way martin williams kick goal blame cardiff loss guardian paul expressed opinion asking forwards kicks goal demanding unnatural turned semi final way settling issue writing daily_telegraph noted players rugby team kick ball match meaningful way said game decided particular skill questioned happened event shoot continued game decided props martin considered finest players position required kick ball goal chris expressed similar views independent observing williams lost game failing perform task outside skill set majority players commenting short asking cat bark hard imagine light criticism tournament organisers agreed review penalty shoot system confirmed considered dismissed possible ways deciding matches including game having try wins rule extra time reducing number players pitch periodically extra time create space deciding game coin toss format penalty shoot changed prior following season tournament removing requirement players field including forwards participate remainder existence cup retained penalty shoot final system deciding winner required cup match needed use august martin working broadcaster sky sports match spoke news world stating believed blood replacement final minute extra time returned field looked suspicious light happened previous round think leicester called question leicester coach richard responded replacement laws game club illegal confirmed match commissioner spoken referee incident basis referee satisfied action required cardiff confirmed satisfied wrongdoing taken place seek action

Cardiff Blues vs Leicester Tigers (2008–09 Heineken Cup)

Australian rules, rugby, and other football


frank francis august july english international rugby union player played centre leicester tigers won caps england scoring tries earned blues reading law oxford later solicitor leicester overseas service world war killed july near western hit shell splinter serving lieutenant 4th battalion regiment england killed war early life born august near frank son frederick emma father coal merchant educated school leicester began playing rugby moving school captain games played quarter rugby team years encountering future oxford england team mate playing rugby school read law university college oxford rugby career season oxford played team included future england player anthony later selected senior team gained blues won blue varsity match december alongside henry cambridge notable international players team clear favourites day won toss elected kick wind majority minutes played oxford half cambridge failed break oxford defence chiefly centres half time deep oxford half fed george ball came drew opposite man timed pass turn drew cambridge left wing near half way line martin run try oxford went win oxford having won varsity match oxford captain inclined winning quarter line including centre combination year capped scottish centre chose try realising unlikely picked ahead incumbent centres excellent ball handling skills quick field fine decision makers formidable played games oxford ahead varsity match clear preferred pairing played injured defeat richmond december varsity match resulted hard fought draw cambridge pack having improved considerably previous year turned persistent ankle injury rendered useless minutes game times noted performance saying left centre quarter gave magnificent display defensive play earned england cap january touring australians field opportunity came john injured earning caps day right wing alex cambridge_university fly half england took early lead try opening stages try described contemporary rugby journalist author best scored perfect execution moment received ball moment touched try australia took control game win selected play wales following week cardiff england played better expected wales favourites win beat visitors weeks later january england played france half combination frank earning cap making debut centre alongside tom simpson wings france nations tournament nations relatively easy play england won game comfortably scoring tries good fine individual run despite tries dropped england squad varsity match announced choice meeting december unable attend sent letter hand informing decision note returned point offered place stuck initial selection game played december oxford start having worse moment turned game oxford forwards got ball half sent ball passed fellow centre fed ball left wing inside oxford half broke defence score posts oxford points ahead end quarter forced field breaking making tackle missed described referee potter fastest spectacular varsity match witnessed oxford beat cambridge scoring tries graduating bachelor_of_arts firm simpson leicester joined leicester tigers considered strongest clubs country scored points appearances having dropped england years earlier surprised called play scotland march best international appearance england managed victory regain calcutta cup earn grand slam spent majority rugby career oxford leicester recorded representing club teams richmond midland counties international appearances military record death oxford served officers training corps reaching rank cadet sergeant joined territorial force serving 4th battalion regiment second lieutenant promoted lieutenant war declared following year enlisted immediately regiment machine gun officer battalion deployed western 46th north midland division landed france march following second battle battalion located lake railway line south east belgium afternoon july acting adjutant battalion forward promotion captain gone 5th battalion lincolnshire regiment adjutant germans position head tell men remain cover splinter shell struck face killing struck body survived buried railway burial ground night far killed captain john 4th regiment described attractive personality battalion young good looking charm eye born leader person possible international idol machine gun section commanded adjutant everybody everybody miss look like england rugby players killed world war memorials family road cemetery school university college oxford oxford_university rugby club richmond athletic ground


sheffield rules sheffield rules code football devised played english city sheffield devised william use newly founded sheffield football club rules subsequently adopted official rules sheffield football association creation spread city boundaries clubs associations north england making popular forms football 1860s 70s years creation sheffield rules football association rules created influenced sheffield game ongoing disputes meant sheffield rules continued time elements rules incorporated association game regular games played sheffield london sets rules led agreement single set laws administered football association rules major influence modern game football developed things introduced laws game concepts corners throw ins free kicks abolition fair catch led teams head ball games played rules credited development heading origins forward positions inter club football match competitive tournament played sheffield rules background oldest recorded football match sheffield occurred game mob football played sheffield time village took place green game lasted days unusual matches time noted injuries killed match road fencing club playing football city home number sports clubs popularity cricket led chairman sheffield cricket club suggest construction lane 1850s versions football played public schools clubs england school played code despite attempt cambridge_university unify rules generally inaccessible outside schools football tended fairly games known mob football matches small equal numbered teams remained minority sport 1860s winter months players sheffield cricket club organised informal football matches order retain fitness start new season players william born yorkshire came sheffield family silver plate manufacturers dated centuries educated city collegiate school solicitor family moved york child father bought wine merchants william subsequently took men keen enjoyed number sports including cricket running played cricket england captained yorkshire occasions inaugural meeting sheffield took place october house suburb original headquarters greenhouse east bank road adjacent field playing ground rules written set laws produced club annual general meeting october original draft amended meeting produce following set rules season kick middle place kick kick yards goal fair catch catch player provided ball touched ground thrown touch entitled free kick charging fair case place kick exception kick soon player offers kick draw actually touched ball foot pushing hands allowed fair circumstances player held pulled ball ground touch purpose ball pushed hit hand holding ball case free kick altogether goal kicked touch free kick catch ball touch dead consequently touches bring edge touch throw straight touch player provide red dark blue cap colour worn overview conception rules use establishment club selection rules public schools seen rules little evidence influence original members local collegiate school favoured kicking style game handling ball kicking game prevalent local villages rules foul play free kick introduce throw eliminate rule unique feature preventing goal scored directly free kick throw significant changes noted minutes book original draft prevented handling ball case fair catch prevented despite rules rules clearly kicking version game away handling ball season start november run easter saturday numbers fixed club rules dictated disputes field resolved committee members present reference position occupied referee early years initially code played sheffield members games initially teamed players half alphabet players half alphabet discovered talented players half tried professionals versus merchants manufacturers favourites december played outside opposition team local army regiment club produced printed rule book despite rules entirely fixed changes experimented season major events took place january meeting held resolved law replaced holding ball case free kick knocking pushing altogether pitch world inter club match sheffield newly formed took place december match took place ground road reported turned usual scarlet white suggests club colours use despite playing inferior numbers sheffield beat introduced code idea borrowed involved yards goal opposed yards previously flags placed additional yards goal ball kicked flags subsequently touched team scored score tied end game decide winner version arrangement remains australian rules football club published second rule book number laws grown game time violent match december sheffield known battle lane incident occurred held accounts differ subsequent events original report stated accidentally punched contested letter players claimed retaliation blow thrown cause result general riot involved number spectators sent guard goal punishment sheffield london football association formed meeting tavern great queen street london october sheffield sent representatives acted observers club joined new organisation month later letter sent william enclosed copy sheffield rules expressed club opposition running ball describing directly opposed football letter read meeting december rules allowing running ball reversed meeting new code known association football rule introduced sheffield rules version required member opposition player opposing goal remain despite rule sporadically actual play version required player remain ball times introduced season disliked lack goal scoring opportunities caused man finally regular basis adoption rules remained largely dormant creation rules sheffield suggested match club misunderstood ended playing combined team march rules game limit match minutes sheffield adopted preferred length match rule rule book second match suggested london letter sent november year took place reason disputes rules introduced feet cross bar sheffield year sheffield decide raise feet fair catch dropped sheffield completed transition purely kicking game sheffield rules dominant code england achieved national dominance enjoys today membership clubs meeting reported clubs names club barnes crystal palace playing code meeting secretary sheffield club suggested rule changes meeting adoption man introduction free kick handling ball motions successful later year abolished handling touchdowns stated bring closer non handling games birth competition world football tournament cup played rules tournament involved local sides played february march tournament committee decided use field referee award free kicks final took place march second football match place lane crowd world record attendance watched claim cup scoring minutes win sheffield football association founded following tournament teams involved tournament joined sheffield founding members association adopted sheffield rules changes regional football associations sprung following decade second tournament cup played year later time open teams years old teams competed wednesday emerged victorious final draw minutes teams played goal scored instance match involved extra time tournament played sheffield years formation sheffield football association challenge cup abandoned replaced goal corner kicks sheffield limited handling yards goal introduced designated allowed handle ball pitch effort prevent sheffield game looking boring comparison sheffield expanded limit halfway line teams sheffield admitted allowed continue play sheffield rules clubs year later sheffield affiliated football association matches associations began total matches played sheffield london associations playing sheffield london rules additional matches played lane mixture sets aspects sheffield game incorporated rules matches played sheffield london led sets rules similar corner kick proposed sheffield association adopted february followed sheffield lead restricting handling ball half sheffield game reverted feet line demise cup inaugurated sheffield clubs declined enter competition played rules team enter sheffield season attempt enter sheffield team refused organisers reached quarter finals knocked sheffield instituted challenge cup cup open members included clubs outside local area final attracted crowd twice cup final season record crowd cup match held cup match wednesday resulted win clear situation impractical letters published field state affairs decided unite kicking game set laws time cup helped gain dominant position game accepted sheffield rule allowing throw ins thrown direction opposed right angles rugby return use man adopted 1880s influence sheffield started internal troubles began surface disputes new rival association led charles fought losing battle onset middle decade local clubs including sheffield financial trouble national associations met view creating common set laws created international football association board met role affirmed football association adopted laws formation remained sole charge rules innovations sheffield teams created goals solid heading throw ins corner kicks awarding free kicks conceived sheffield games enduring rules sheffield game prevented goal scored directly free kick throw kick present version sheffield rules later adopted rules later refined international football association board modern day indirect free kick aerial game developed sheffield game causing amusement visited london important feature national game linked abolition fair catch year prevented use hands outfield players rules introduced half time teams swap ends initially game scoreless teams swap ends goal scored rule changed swap half time early games use field officials disputes players referred committee member introduced end club field referee introduced cup entered appeal referee behalf team concept later introduced game persisted referee moved pitch umpire flag suggested charles sheffield meeting innovative streak sheffield remained demise rules october crowd watched match lane exhibition match set test use lights played specially selected teams captained brothers william charles william team won experiment repeated month later oval concept penalty goal yards goal suggested sheffield meeting penalty eventually rules sheffield players developed screw shot late 1870s gave players ability bend shot net technique common game sheffield rules instigated throw ball right angles opposite played touch influence rules sheffield game adopted featured today association game changes code taken sheffield rules period sheffield significant influence encouraged continue close collapse corner kick adopted restricted handling ball half final negotiations sheffield london agreed allow throw ins direction exchange 1860s sheffield london dominant football cultures england london fragmented different codes rules sheffield dominant code sheffield nottingham forest adopted sheffield code birmingham affiliated sheffield adopting code clubs north playing sheffield rules rules dominated south birmingham evidence rules influenced australian rules football conceived couple years later codes shared unique feature lacking rule similarities laws kicking kick outs throw ins fair catch henry possibly relative born sheffield emigrated australia brother town named moved melbourne involved local cricket scene played class cricket victoria season alongside founders melbourne football club including tom man credited creating original rules despite loss rules sheffield remained centre world onset association matches versus london considered importance england scotland international cup final sheffield born charles chairman football association leading death process longest serving chairman earned nickname napoleon football formations positioning passing early games involved varying numbers players games played uneven numbers failed offered handicap match sheffield involved players versus games predominantly involved larger numbers modern games october sheffield declared play matches despite continued occasions vast majority matches sheffield involved teams positions develop code referred kick position unique sheffield game developed lack rule job man playing kick position remain near opposition goal wait ball tactic today called cherry picking goal hanging position modern day forwards cover goals developed opposition kick despite job man mark kick according sheffield provided evidence modern passing style october sheffield declared play matches known combination game early january sheffield associated scoring goal scientific movements nottingham contemporary match report november notes help recording scientific play sheffield men backed combination play sheffield players suggest remarkably neat quick piece play smith resulted goal sheffield final kick given contemporary proof passing occurs january january following account given derby specimen careful play running ball close proximity goal returned marsh fine straight shot kicked play taking place close proximity goal suggests short pass return ball marsh suggests second passes account goes describe interesting early tactics goal supplemented butler successful art play tactics effect exciting spectators similarly following contemporary account passing comes january goal scored match obtained sheffield owing good run field steel passed good straight kick landed goal reach match provided contemporary evidence good kicking particularly condition ground scientific exhibition suggesting times play scientific play march described speed science mean order introduction teams play reference appears report battle lane position alternative sending player recognised position referred rules player nearest goal allowing luxury handling ball unlike counterpart sheffield rules restricted handling designated player despite 1870s teams usually featured single player position match sheffield took place december notable evidence development new positions mention forwards sides called mentioned rest team half backs referred centre backs modern game mentioned year later common use assisted cover goals half backs attack forward produced formation key figures william considered founders sheffield creators code adhered continued strong presence club members committee exerted influence rules position honorary secretary treasurer john originally member sheffield club member thomas vickers founded main rivals vice president sheffield formation president role organised inter association matches involved eventual merger sheffield rule national game john charles better known charles massive influence national local game player involved inter association match sheffield based player capped gaining cap international went president city professional sides playing large creation sheffield united held position sheffield having overseen merger rival local moved national prominence chairman president held positions death directly involved sheffield football charles major role relations local london associations acted encouraging accept rules sheffield rules declined inter association match sheffield grounds play sheffield rules fell organise team london players fixture success match led regular event following years


cumberland rugby league team cumberland officially known central cumberland rugby league team based region cumberland plain western sydney original teams new_south_wales rugby league season albeit admitted round matches played shortest lived team history grade rugby league australia disbanding late year club time record lasting games inaugural season history cumberland area dominated rugby union form game main winter sport local kings school took regular competition rugby union clubs house civil military north shore teams area banner western suburbs rugby union formation club formed night april horse jockey hotel night round rugby league held morning sydney newspaper daily_telegraph advertised meeting night discuss formation rugby league club cumberland area meeting attended annoyed members western suburbs rugby union club asked form rugby league club central cumberland western suburbs formed club players come rugby union club second division team western suburbs rugby union club grade team western suburbs rugby union club rejected offers western suburbs cumberland looking players players present meeting signed club rugby union players western suburbs rugby union club reluctant admit ninth team proposed merge nearby team western suburbs clubs involved declined agreed allowing cumberland team trial match eastern suburbs eastern suburbs won match convinced competitive begun draw include cumberland meant increasing number teams cumberland home ground like teams play games agricultural ground oval park season match played despite loss league praised club crowd attended game game cumberland lost played curtain international match australia new_zealand cumberland western suburbs point season cumberland score settle rivals western suburbs rugby union club western suburbs rugby league club cumberland led half time having penalty goals kicked harry half western suburbs jim kicked penalty goal george scored post kicked goal scored penalty goal intercepted pass kicked ball score converted win match cumberland won game season turned final game cumberland able field required thirteen players club ended borrowing players opposing team north sydney play lost game awarded wooden finishing competition ladder demise cumberland dismal winning percentage inability field team led disbanding end season playing grade matches trial match cumberland ceased exist passed history seven cumberland players moved neighbours western suburbs harry played grade rugby league colours crest cumberland neighbour club western suburbs black white colours taken rugby club second grade rugby union team supplied western suburbs players unlike clubs western suburbs colours district rugby union team influence club cumberland thought bottle green western suburbs rugby union club team members club believed unable distinguish western suburbs cumberland approach taken club eventually chose colours local council royal blue gold represented jersey horizontal stripes crest colours like season badge letter represent letter cumberland badge royal blue letter gold colours later introduction official affiliation cumberland later team club jersey like clubs colours jersey blue gold mixed white collar black grey shorts players cumberland players matches key position rugby league position player played career years player spent team appearances number times player played team number tries player scored team number goals player scored team number field goals player scored team total number points scored player representative players cumberland representative players records statistics individual records harry cumberland best player thomas played matches cumberland played scored nineteen points cumberland encompassed try goals season warrant representation new_south_wales interstate match queensland included points match win season claims hold tries season scoring match eastern suburbs team honours cumberland worst team history grade rugby league australia won games lowest defunct team won wooden table season win western suburbs worst loss final game lost consecutive games june win final loss scored average points game average points scored


joe wilson australian joseph francis joe wilson september december australian prominent late 19th century originally tasmania educated grammar school played australian rules football cricket school aged addition school sports wilson played football football club northern football association cricket senior clubs established best round time completed high school prominent member football club consecutive teams regularly represented northern tasmania cricket football wilson moved melbourne offered banking job condition play melbourne football club competed victorian football association melbourne cricket club played cricket club seasons consistently selected wilson notable performances final match season wicket partnership secured melbourne match touring english took wickets test wilson known marking versatility utility positioned forward defender follower quickly established melbourne best players represented victoria second season club melbourne weaker sides competition joined recruitment wilson prominent players began steadily turn club melbourne regular contender finished runners times powerhouse end season melbourne captain eddie fox retired wilson appointed replacement remainder year continued role season retiring end early life joe wilson educated grammar school talented junior regularly represented school football cricket recorded playing football school time played football club seconds following summer played cricket school boys cricket club match boys batting described feature game march wilson dominated match school college runs team innings time second highest individual score recorded cricket ground took wickets including hat trick runs innings conclusion cricket season wilson won trophies boys club highest individual score highest batting average june wilson played match football club senior team non game spent season seconds kicked goal year cricket season played boys school boxing day wilson represented northern tasmania annual north south match match february daily_telegraph described wilson present form fit tasmania conclusion cricket season wilson represented northern tasmania time touring melbourne cricket club wilson played matches football season match named team best players wilson played school cricket season match took wickets runs later season played cricket club game april represented school rowing season wilson captain grammar school football team leading player football club wilson kicked team goals school match college named best players games including matches south city counted match decide south wilson performance game ended draw left teams ladder subsequent game scheduled weeks later match wilson kicked goals ran goal win northern football association named best players match following cricket season wilson moved play high school early matches football season wilson best ground win city reported june wilson moved likely join railway football club southern football association completing wilson changed mind elected playing victorian football association south melbourne toured july wilson represented named local better players goal loss won second consecutive year game end season avant described wilson marking treat witness wilson played cricket club season represented northern tasmania annual north south match playing innings said lovers game representative match played combined northern tasmania touring wilson runs bowling attack included test harry eugene melbourne melbourne april announced wilson leaving melbourne recruited major secretary melbourne cricket club offered wilson lucrative position melbourne branch national bank came play cricket club melbourne football club cricket club close affiliation departure tasmania described best round cricketer north wilson debut melbourne football club match count immediate impact kicking goal match wilson debut week later playing follower match south melbourne writing complimentary wilson performance saying gave south trouble round match wilson scored described splendid goal wilson began playing melbourne cricket club season played matches early season port melbourne richmond scored runs innings called bowl play senior game season match college march played high quality innings scoring runs weeks later playing seconds south melbourne seconds took wickets runs noted pity played earlier season probably secured permanent place breaking football season wilson considered best players melbourne team june named melbourne best players win melbourne players represent victoria match south_australia reviewing round match melbourne wrote wilson particular crowd favourite fair play wilson kicked goal round match south melbourne noted talented combination followers melbourne review season follower listed wilson melbourne followers held year disappointing initial season wilson season productive regular described batting freely match highly spoken performance south melbourne scored runs melbourne leading wicket wilson played total matches melbourne season represented lord sheffield touring english match wilson took wickets george george william test final match victorian cricket season decide pennant melbourne south melbourne wilson selected chance bat bowled overs weather affected match ended draw south melbourne slightly higher average season wilson melbourne better players football season round match wilson kicked goals goal victory weeks later described performing game kicked goal game season melbourne drew match away poor team wrote wilson missed match missed melbourne finished season fourth position ladder highest finish thought result disappointing considering calibre players club recruited named wilson team players year season wilson productive victorian cricket played senior matches took wickets average including innings south melbourne dismissed class players albert rains melbourne played final match season decide batted wilson taking overs including wickets victorian players thomas hastings george melbourne pass innings total secure situation wilson came number joined james partnership wilson contributed surpass score writing observed wilson comfortable partner performance mention hit seen appreciated got second innings stumps called result declared draw melbourne win wilson took wicket overs albert fox melbourne began football season strongly winning matches wilson missed match year returned round victory port melbourne missed following week clash work commitments jokingly called new experience bank melbourne victory south melbourne june reported wilson performance coming round melbourne won matches contest highly anticipated spectators east melbourne cricket ground teams observer called great match melbourne kicked away early lead goals half time won past fought kicking goals second half match finish thrilling draw observer called wilson class red man noted held marks playing went win games including match wilson played forward kicked team goals absence main william smith week later wilson played forward kicked goals including yards goal win wilson melbourne best round game according north melbourne week melbourne met second time season won matches year far drawn game teams earlier year age wrote match awaited nearly spectators attended including hundreds people places far away contrast sides meeting olds started strongest led goals half time wilson opening shots goal game able register melbourne began come second half wilson set kick second goal match quarter time melbourne goals came playing best football year kicked goal midway quarter players including wilson unsuccessful shots goal scored reds fourth goal late melbourne end game sounded seconds later melbourne bounced week win lost week home despite leading goals quarter time opened win advantage ladder reviewing match wrote wilson played better games worked hard ground melbourne dropped points round draw south melbourne played draw weeks later time declared race wilson recovered form slump kick melbourne goals match line best players melbourne round win reds closed season wins catch remained undefeated melbourne finished runners season named wilson best dozen melbourne players wilson season melbourne cricket club came missed matches season scoring taking wickets non match wilson selected match north melbourne wilson took innings north wicket scored runs batting number called bat bowl second innings wilson retained match batted innings innings closed wilson required bowl bat ended final match total played matches melbourne return runs batting average wickets bowling average post cricket retirement according observer wilson retired football difficulty persuaded continue training missed games season melbourne struggled lost wilson appearance year round richmond observer wrote wilson return surprise marking particular impressive kicked goal game melbourne won goals faced week table melbourne lost goals largely kicking goal wilson said come favourable notice playing defence match melbourne responded week defeat port melbourne game wilson leadership direction praised observer commented useful man melbourne switched attack round victory wrote wilson frequently troublesome melbourne continued winning way round win south melbourne wilson played forward kicked melbourne goals comprehensive victory winning streak stretched games time wilson forward play times described clever busy shining example melbourne good form came grinding halt reverse fixture defeated olds secured fourth consecutive reds forwards criticised observer wilson praised played decent game melbourne won remaining games finish runners second consecutive year wilson began season finished playing forward line receiving praise football journalists melbourne defeated south melbourne game season wrote lot work round reds finally able defeat falling short times previous years match said poor quality wilson club vice captain returned queensland june wilson elected replace match appointed north melbourne round wilson said honour distinction played best game season kicked goal help melbourne remain undefeated melbourne played richmond week won wilson time described brilliantly consistent worker winning run continued round reds defeated goal wilson pick melbourne forwards match according melbourne undefeated run came end week loss absence melbourne regular followers round wilson required play position lost match wilson named melbourne best day eddie fox melbourne captain seven seasons retired football late august wilson named captain difficult time having lost matches game charge north melbourne wilson said showed judgment men melbourne won match goals wilson good individual game playing variety positions reds finished season having won games wilson finish ladder wins away spot wilson remained captain season missed matches year suspension incurred end previous season returned round played forward comfortable goal win melbourne round win wrote wilson distinctly best round victory north melbourne journalist wrote judgement forwards field wilson played reds defeat week remarked desire men blue kicked goal season round goal win finished day majors observed wilson judgment went long way melbourne winning round encounter melbourne finished season fourth place ladder seriously challenged noted club bad luck suspension injury got best team field challenge review season named wilson melbourne best half dozen players wilson retired football conclusion season played instead football retirement remembered melbourne native state mentioned alongside fred william smith campbell george players left tasmania held mainland best later life wilson worked national bank years suburban melbourne branches including east hill finally unique record missing morning work bank wilson married elizabeth daughter wine spirits merchant december wilson died home heart suffering year survived wife child buried cemetery