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21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	312	INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUG APPLICATION	Subpart F	Miscellaneous	312.130	Availability for public disclosure of data and information in an IND.	(a) The existence of an investigational new drug application will not be disclosed by FDA unless it has previously been publicly disclosed or acknowledged. (b) The availability for public disclosure of all data and information in an investigational new drug application for a new drug or antibiotic drug will be handled in accordance with the provisions established in § 314.430 for the confidentiality of data and information in applications submitted in part 314. The availability for public disclosure of all data and information in an investigational new drug application for a biological product will be governed by the provisions of §§ 601.50 and 601.51. (c) Notwithstanding the provisions of § 314.430, FDA shall disclose upon request to an individual to whom an investigational new drug has been given a copy of any IND safety report relating to the use in the individual.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The existence of an investigational new drug application will not be disclosed by FDA unless it has previously been publicly disclosed or acknowledged.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The availability for public disclosure of all data and information in an investigational new drug application for a new drug or antibiotic drug will be handled in accordance with the provisions established in § 314.430 for the confidentiality of data and information in applications submitted in part 314. The availability for public disclosure of all data and information in an investigational new drug application for a biological product will be governed by the provisions of §§ 601.50 and 601.51.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Notwithstanding the provisions of § 314.430, FDA shall disclose upon request to an individual to whom an investigational new drug has been given a copy of any IND safety report relating to the use in the individual.", "source": null}]		§ 314.430; § 601.50	[52 FR 8831, Mar. 19, 1987. Redesignated at 53 FR 41523, Oct. 21, 1988]	Mar. 19, 1987	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:312:312.130
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	312	INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUG APPLICATION	Subpart F	Miscellaneous	312.140	Address for correspondence.	(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, a sponsor shall send an initial IND submission to the Central Document Room, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Park Bldg., Rm. 214, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20852. On receiving the IND, FDA will inform the sponsor which one of the divisions in the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research or the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research is responsible for the IND. Amendments, reports, and other correspondence relating to matters covered by the IND should be directed to the appropriate division. The outside wrapper of each submission shall state what is contained in the submission, for example, “IND Application”, “Protocol Amendment”, etc. (b) Applications for the products listed below should be submitted to the Division of Biological Investigational New Drugs (HFB-230), Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 8800 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892. (1) Products subject to the licensing provisions of the Public Health Service Act of July 1, 1944 (58 Stat. 682, as amended (42 U.S.C. 201 et seq.)) or subject to part 600; (2) ingredients packaged together with containers intended for the collection, processing, or storage of blood or blood components; (3) urokinase products; (4) plasma volume expanders and hydroxyethyl starch for leukapheresis; and (5) coupled antibodies, i.e., products that consist of an antibody component coupled with a drug or radionuclide component in which both components provide a pharmacological effect but the biological component determines the site of action. (c) All correspondence relating to biological products for human use which are also radioactive drugs shall be submitted to the Division of Oncology and Radiopharmaceutical Drug Products (HFD-150), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, except that applications for coupled antibodies shall be submitted in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section. (d) All correspondence relating to export of an investigational drug under § 312.110(b)(2) shall be submitted to the International Affairs Staff (HFY-50), Office of Health Affairs, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. (Collection of information requirements approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0910-0014)	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, a sponsor shall send an initial IND submission to the Central Document Room, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Park Bldg., Rm. 214, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20852. On receiving the IND, FDA will inform the sponsor which one of the divisions in the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research or the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research is responsible for the IND. Amendments, reports, and other correspondence relating to matters covered by the IND should be directed to the appropriate division. The outside wrapper of each submission shall state what is contained in the submission, for example, “IND Application”, “Protocol Amendment”, etc.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Applications for the products listed below should be submitted to the Division of Biological Investigational New Drugs (HFB-230), Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 8800 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892. (1) Products subject to the licensing provisions of the Public Health Service Act of July 1, 1944 (58 Stat. 682, as amended (42 U.S.C. 201 et seq.)) or subject to part 600; (2) ingredients packaged together with containers intended for the collection, processing, or storage of blood or blood components; (3) urokinase products; (4) plasma volume expanders and hydroxyethyl starch for leukapheresis; and (5) coupled antibodies, i.e., products that consist of an antibody component coupled with a drug or radionuclide component in which both components provide a pharmacological effect but the biological component determines the site of action.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "All correspondence relating to biological products for human use which are also radioactive drugs shall be submitted to the Division of Oncology and Radiopharmaceutical Drug Products (HFD-150), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, except that applications for coupled antibodies shall be submitted in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "All correspondence relating to export of an investigational drug under § 312.110(b)(2) shall be submitted to the International Affairs Staff (HFY-50), Office of Health Affairs, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.", "source": null}]	42 U.S.C. 201	§ 312.110	[52 FR 8831, Mar. 19, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 23031, June 17, 1987; 55 FR 11580, Mar. 29, 1990]	Mar. 19, 1987	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:312:312.140
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	312	INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUG APPLICATION	Subpart F	Miscellaneous	312.145	Guidelines.	(a) FDA has made available guidelines under § 10.90(b) to help persons to comply with certain requirements of this part. (b) The Center for Drug Evaluation and Research and the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research maintain lists of guidelines that apply to the Centers' regulations. The lists state how a person can obtain a copy of each guideline. A request for a copy of the lists should be directed to the CDER Executive Secretariat Staff (HFD-8), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, for drug products, and the Congressional, Consumer, and International Affairs Staff (HFB-142), Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 8800 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, for biological products.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "FDA has made available guidelines under § 10.90(b) to help persons to comply with certain requirements of this part.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The Center for Drug Evaluation and Research and the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research maintain lists of guidelines that apply to the Centers' regulations. The lists state how a person can obtain a copy of each guideline. A request for a copy of the lists should be directed to the CDER Executive Secretariat Staff (HFD-8), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, for drug products, and the Congressional, Consumer, and International Affairs Staff (HFB-142), Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 8800 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, for biological products.", "source": null}]		§ 10.90	[52 FR 8831, Mar. 19, 1987, as amended at 55 FR 11580, Mar. 29, 1990; 56 FR 3776, Jan. 31, 1991; 57 FR 10814, Mar. 31, 1992]	Mar. 19, 1987	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:312:312.145
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	312	INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUG APPLICATION	Subpart G	Drugs for Investigational Use in Laboratory Research Animals or In Vitro Tests	312.160	Drugs for investigational use in laboratory research animals or in vitro tests.	(a) Authorization to ship. (1)(i) A person may ship a drug intended solely for tests in vitro or in animals used only for laboratory research purposes if it is labeled as follows: CAUTION: Contains a new drug for investigational use only in laboratory research animals, or for tests in vitro. Not for use in humans. (ii) A person may ship a biological product for investigational in vitro diagnostic use that is listed in § 312.2(b)(2)(ii) if it is labeled as follows: CAUTION: Contains a biological product for investigational in vitro diagnostic tests only. (2) A person shipping a drug under paragraph (a) of this section shall use due diligence to assure that the consignee is regularly engaged in conducting such tests and that the shipment of the new drug will actually be used for tests in vitro or in animals used only for laboratory research. (3) A person who ships a drug under paragraph (a) of this section shall maintain adequate records showing the name and post office address of the expert to whom the drug is shipped and the date, quantity, and batch or code mark of each shipment and delivery. Records of shipments under paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section are to be maintained for a period of 2 years after the shipment. Records and reports of data and shipments under paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section are to be maintained in accordance with § 312.57(b). The person who ships the drug shall upon request from any properly authorized officer or employee of the Food and Drug Administration, at reasonable times, permit such officer or employee to have access to and copy and verify records required to be maintained under this section. (b) Termination of authorization to ship. FDA may terminate authorization to ship a drug under this section if it finds that: (1) The sponsor of the investigation has failed to comply with any of the conditions for shipment established under this section; or (2) The continuance of the investigation is unsafe or otherwise contrary to the public interest or the drug is used for purposes other than bona fide scientific investigation. FDA will notify the person shipping the drug of its finding and invite immediate correction. If correction is not immediately made, the person shall have an opportunity for a regulatory hearing before FDA pursuant to part 16. (c) Disposition of unused drug. The person who ships the drug under paragraph (a) of this section shall assure the return of all unused supplies of the drug from individual investigators whenever the investigation discontinues or the investigation is terminated. The person who ships the drug may authorize in writing alternative disposition of unused supplies of the drug provided this alternative disposition does not expose humans to risks from the drug, either directly or indirectly (e.g., through food-producing animals). The shipper shall maintain records of any alternative disposition. (Collection of information requirements approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0910-0014)	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Authorization to ship. (1)(i) A person may ship a drug intended solely for tests in vitro or in animals used only for laboratory research purposes if it is labeled as follows:", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "A person may ship a biological product for investigational in vitro diagnostic use that is listed in § 312.2(b)(2)(ii) if it is labeled as follows:", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "A person shipping a drug under paragraph (a) of this section shall use due diligence to assure that the consignee is regularly engaged in conducting such tests and that the shipment of the new drug will actually be used for tests in vitro or in animals used only for laboratory research.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "A person who ships a drug under paragraph (a) of this section shall maintain adequate records showing the name and post office address of the expert to whom the drug is shipped and the date, quantity, and batch or code mark of each shipment and delivery. Records of shipments under paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section are to be maintained for a period of 2 years after the shipment. Records and reports of data and shipments under paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section are to be maintained in accordance with § 312.57(b). The person who ships the drug shall upon request from any properly authorized officer or employee of the Food and Drug Administration, at reasonable times, permit such officer or employee to have access to and copy and verify records required to be maintained under this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Termination of authorization to ship. FDA may terminate authorization to ship a drug under this section if it finds that:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The sponsor of the investigation has failed to comply with any of the conditions for shipment established under this section; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The continuance of the investigation is unsafe or otherwise contrary to the public interest or the drug is used for purposes other than bona fide scientific investigation. FDA will notify the person shipping the drug of its finding and invite immediate correction. If correction is not immediately made, the person shall have an opportunity for a regulatory hearing before FDA pursuant to part 16.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Disposition of unused drug. The person who ships the drug under paragraph (a) of this section shall assure the return of all unused supplies of the drug from individual investigators whenever the investigation discontinues or the investigation is terminated. The person who ships the drug may authorize in writing alternative disposition of unused supplies of the drug provided this alternative disposition does not expose humans to risks from the drug, either directly or indirectly (e.g., through food-producing animals). The shipper shall maintain records of any alternative disposition.", "source": null}]		§ 312.2; § 312.57	[52 FR 8831, Mar. 19, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 23031, June 17, 1987. Redesignated at 53 FR 41523, Oct. 21, 1988]	Mar. 19, 1987	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		2 years	False	True	2 years	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:312:312.160
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart A	General Provisions	314.1	Scope of this part.	(a) This part sets forth procedures and requirements for the submission to, and the review by, the Food and Drug Administration of applications and abbreviated applications, as well as amendments, supplements, and postmarketing reports to them, by persons seeking or holding approval from FDA of the following: (1) An application or abbreviated application under section 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to market a new drug. (2) An application or abbreviated application under section 507 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to market an antibiotic drug. (b) This part does not apply to drug products subject to licensing by FDA under the Public Health Service Act (58 Stat. 632 as amended (42 U.S.C. 201 et seq.)) and subchapter F of chapter I of title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations. (c) References in this part to regulations in the Code of Federal Regulations are to chapter I of title 21, unless otherwise noted.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "This part sets forth procedures and requirements for the submission to, and the review by, the Food and Drug Administration of applications and abbreviated applications, as well as amendments, supplements, and postmarketing reports to them, by persons seeking or holding approval from FDA of the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "An application or abbreviated application under section 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to market a new drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "An application or abbreviated application under section 507 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to market an antibiotic drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "This part does not apply to drug products subject to licensing by FDA under the Public Health Service Act (58 Stat. 632 as amended (42 U.S.C. 201 et seq.)) and subchapter F of chapter I of title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "References in this part to regulations in the Code of Federal Regulations are to chapter I of title 21, unless otherwise noted.", "source": null}]	42 U.S.C. 201		[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985, as amended at 57 FR 17981, Apr. 28, 1992]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.1
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart A	General Provisions	314.2	Purpose.	The purpose of this part is to establish an efficient and thorough drug review process in order to: (a) Facilitate the approval of drugs shown to be safe and effective; and (b) ensure the disapproval of drugs not shown to be safe and effective. These regulations are also intended to establish an effective system for FDA's surveillance of marketed drugs. These regulations shall be construed in light of these objectives.	regulation						(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.2
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart A	General Provisions	314.3	Definitions.	(a) The definitions and interpretations contained in section 201 of the act apply to those terms when used in this part. (b) The following definitions of terms apply to this part: Abbreviated application means the application described under § 314.94, including all amendments and supplements to the application. “Abbreviated application” applies to both an abbreviated new drug application and an abbreviated antibiotic application. Act means the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (sections 201-901 (21 U.S.C. 301-392)). Applicant means any person who submits an application or abbreviated application or an amendment or supplement to them under this part to obtain FDA approval of a new drug or an antibiotic drug and any person who owns an approved application or abbreviated application. Application means the application described under § 314.50, including all amendements and supplements to the application. 505(b)(2) Application means an application submitted under section 505(b)(1) of the act for a drug for which the investigations described in section 505(b)(1)(A) of the act and relied upon by the applicant for approval of the application were not conducted by or for the applicant and for which the applicant has not obtained a right of reference or use from the person by or for whom the investigations were conducted. Approvable letter means a written communication to an applicant from FDA stating that the agency will approve the application or abbreviated application if specific additional information or material is submitted or specific conditions are met. An approvable letter does not constitute approval of any part of an application or abbreviated application and does not permit marketing of the drug that is the subject of the application or abbreviated application. Approval letter means a written communication to an applicant from FDA approving an application or an abbreviated application. Drug product means a finished dosage form, for example, tablet, capsule, or solution, that contains a drug substance, generally, but not necessarily, in association with one or more other ingredients. Drug substance means an active ingredient that is intended to furnish pharmacological activity or other direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease or to affect the structure or any function of the human body, but does not include intermediates use in the synthesis of such ingredient. FDA means the Food and Drug Administration. Listed drug means a new drug product that has an effective approval under section 505(c) of the act for safety and effectiveness or under section 505(j) of the act, which has not been withdrawn or suspended under section 505(e)(1) through (e)(5) or (j)(5) of the act, and which has not been withdrawn from sale for what FDA has determined are reasons of safety or effectiveness. Listed drug status is evidenced by the drug product's identification as a drug with an effective approval in the current edition of FDA's “Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations” (the list) or any current supplement thereto, as a drug with an effective approval. A drug product is deemed to be a listed drug on the date of effective approval of the application or abbreviated application for that drug product. Not approvable letter means a written communication to an applicant from FDA stating that the agency does not consider the application or abbreviated application approvable because one or more deficiencies in the application or abbreviated application preclude the agency from approving it. Reference listed drug means the listed drug identified by FDA as the drug product upon which an applicant relies in seeking approval of its abbreviated application. Right of reference or use means the authority to rely upon, and otherwise use, an investigation for the purpose of obtaining approval of an application, including the ability to make available the underlying raw data from the investigation for FDA audit, if necessary. The list means the list of drug products with effective approvals published in the current edition of FDA's publication “Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations” and any current supplement to the publication.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The definitions and interpretations contained in section 201 of the act apply to those terms when used in this part.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The following definitions of terms apply to this part:", "source": null}]	21 U.S.C. 301	§ 314.50; § 314.94	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985, as amended at 57 FR 17981, Apr. 28, 1992]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.3
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart B	Applications	314.50	Content and format of an application.	Applications and supplements to approved applications are required to be submitted in the form and contain the information, as appropriate for the particular submission, required under this section. Three copies of the application are required: An archival copy, a review copy, and a field copy. An application for a new chemical entity will generally contain an application form, an index, a summary, five or six technical sections, case report tabulations of patient data, case report forms, drug samples, and labeling. Other applications will generally contain only some of those items, and information will be limited to that needed to support the particular submission. These include an application of the type described in section 505(b)(2) of the act, an amendment, and a supplement. The application is required to contain reports of all investigations of the drug product sponsored by the applicant, and all other information about the drug pertinent to an evaluation of the application that is received or otherwise obtained by the applicant from any source. FDA will maintain guidelines on the format and content of applications to assist applicants in their preparation. (a) Application form. The applicant shall submit a completed and signed application form that contains the following: (1) The name and address of the applicant; the date of the application; the application number if previously issued (for example, if the application is a resubmission, an amendment, or a supplement); the name of the drug product, including its established, proprietary, code, and chemical names; the dosage form and strength; the route of administration; the identification numbers of all investigational new drug applications that are referenced in the application; the identification numbers of all drug master files and other applications under this part that are referenced in the application; and the drug product's proposed indications for use. (2) A statement whether the submission is an original submission, a 505(b)(2) application, a resubmission, or a supplement to an application under § 314.70. (3) A statement whether the applicant proposes to market the drug product as a prescription or an over-the-counter product. (4) A check-list identifying what enclosures required under this section the applicant is submitting. (5) The applicant, or the applicant's attorney, agent, or other authorized official shall sign the application. If the person signing the application does not reside or have a place of business within the United States, the application is required to contain the name and address of, and be countersigned by, an attorney, agent, or other authorized official who resides or maintains a place of business within the United States. (b) Index. The archival copy of the application is required to contain a comprehensive index by volume number and page number to the summary under paragraph (c) of this section, the technical sections under paragraph (d) of this section, and the supporting information under paragraph (f) of this section. (c) Summary. (1) An application is required to contain a summary of the application in enough detail that the reader may gain a good general understanding of the data and information in the application, including an understanding of the quantitative aspects of the data. The summary is not required for supplements under § 314.70. Resubmissions of an application should contain an updated summary, as appropriate. The summary should discuss all aspects of the application, and synthesize the information into a well-structured and unified document. The summary should be written at approximately the level of detail required for publication in, and meet the editorial standards generally applied by, refereed scientific and medical journals. In addition to the agency personnel reviewing the summary in the context of their review of the application, FDA may furnish the summary to FDA advisory committee members and agency officials whose duties require an understanding of the application. To the extent possible, data in the summary should be presented in tabular and graphic forms. FDA has prepared a guideline under § 10.90(b) that provides information about how to prepare a summary. The summary required under this paragraph may be used by FDA or the applicant to prepare the Summary Basis of Approval document for public disclosure (under § 314.430(e)(2)(ii)) when the application is approved. (2) The summary is required to contain the following information: (i) The proposed text of the labeling for the drug, with annotations to the information in the summary and technical sections of the application that support the inclusion of each statement in the labeling, and, if the application is for a prescription drug, statements describing the reasons for omitting a section or subsection of the labeling format in § 201.57. (ii) A statement identifying the pharmacologic class of the drug and a discussion of the scientific rationale for the drug, its intended use, and the potential clinical benefits of the drug product. (iii) A brief description of the marketing history, if any, of the drug outside the United States, including a list of the countries in which the drug has been marketed, a list of any countries in which the drug has been withdrawn from marketing for any reason related to safety or effectiveness, and a list of countries in which applications for marketing are pending. The description is required to describe both marketing by the applicant and, if known, the marketing history of other persons. (iv) A summary of the chemistry, manufacturing, and controls section of the application. (v) A summary of the nonclinical pharmacology and toxicology section of the application. (vi) A summary of the human pharmacokinetics and bioavailability section of the application. (vii) A summary of the microbiology section of the application (for anti-infective drugs only). (viii) A summary of the clinical data section of the application, including the results of statistical analyses of the clinical trials. (ix) A concluding discussion that presents the benefit and risk considerations related to the drug, including a discussion of any proposed additional studies or surveillance the applicant intends to conduct postmarketing. (d) Technical sections. The application is required to contain the technical sections described below. Each technical section is required to contain data and information in sufficient detail to permit the agency to make a knowledgeable judgment about whether to approve the application or whether grounds exist under section 505(d) or 507 of the act to refuse to approve the application. The required technical sections are as follows: (1) Chemistry, manufacturing, and controls section. A section describing the composition, manufacture, and specification of the drug substance and the drug product, including the following: (i) Drug substance. A full description of the drug substance including its physical and chemical characteristics and stability; the name and address of its manufacturer; the method of synthesis (or isolation) and purification of the drug substance; the process controls used during manufacture and packaging; and such specifications and analytical methods as are necessary to assure the identity, strength, quality, and purity of the drug substance and the bioavailability of the drug products made from the substance, including, for example, specifications relating to stability, sterility, particle size, and crystalline form. The application may provide additionally for the use of alternatives to meet any of these requirements, including alternative sources, process controls, methods, and specifications. Reference to the current edition of the U.S. Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary may satisfy relevant requirements in this paragraph. (ii)(a) Drug product. A list of all components used in the manufacture of the drug product (regardless of whether they appear in the drug product); and a statement of the composition of the drug product; a statement of the specifications and analytical methods for each component; the name and address of each manufacturer the drug product; a description of the manufacturing and packaging procedures and in-process controls for the drug product; such specifications and analytical methods as are necessary to assure the identity, strength, quality, purity, and bioavailability of the drug product, including, for example, specifications relating to sterility, dissolution rate, containers and closure systems; and stability data with proposed expiration dating. The application may provide additionally for the use of alternatives to meet any of these requirements, including alternative components, manufacturing and packaging procedures, in-process controls, methods, and specifications. Reference to the current edition of the U.S. Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary may satisfy relevant requirements in this paragraph. (b) Unless provided by paragraph (d)(1)(ii)(a) of this section, for each batch of the drug product used to conduct a bioavailability or bioequivalence study described in § 320.38 or § 320.63 of this chapter or used to conduct a primary stability study: The batch production record; the specifications and test procedures for each component and for the drug product; the names and addresses of the sources of the active and noncompendial inactive components and of the container and closure system for the drug product; the name and address of each contract facility involved in the manufacture, processing, packaging, or testing of the drug product and identification of the operation performed by each contract facility; and the results of any test performed on the components used in the manufacture of the drug product as required by § 211.84(d) of this chapter and on the drug product as required by § 211.165 of this chapter. (c) The proposed or actual master production record, including a description of the equipment, to be used for the manufacture of a commercial lot of the drug product or a comparably detailed description of the production process for a representative batch of the drug product. (iii) Environmental impact. The application is required to contain either a claim for categorical exclusion under § 25.24 of this chapter or an environmental assessment under § 25.31 of this chapter. (iv) The applicant may, at its option, submit a complete chemistry, manufacturing, and controls section 90 to 120 days before the anticipated submission of the remainder of the application. FDA will review such early submissions as resources permit. (v) Except for a foreign applicant, the applicant shall include a statement certifying that the field copy of the application has been provided to the applicant's home FDA district office. (2) Nonclinical pharmacology and toxicology section. A section describing, with the aid of graphs and tables, animal and in vitro studies with drug, including the following: (i) Studies of the pharmacological actions of the drug in relation to its proposed therapeutic indication and studies that otherwise define the pharmacologic properties of the drug or are pertinent to possible adverse effects. (ii) Studies of the toxicological effects of the drug as they relate to the drug's intended clinical uses, including, as appropriate, studies assessing the drug's acute, subacute, and chronic toxicity; carcinogenicity; and studies of toxicities related to the drug's particular mode of administration or conditions of use. (iii) Studies, as appropriate, of the effects of the drug on reproduction and on the developing fetus. (iv) Any studies of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the drug in animals. (v) For each nonclinical laboratory study subject to the good laboratory practice regulations under part 58 a statement that it was conducted in compliance with the good laboratory practice regulations in part 58, or, if the study was not conducted in compliance with those regulations, a brief statement of the reason for the noncompliance. (3) Human pharmacokinetics and bioavailability section. A section describing the human pharmacokinetic data and human bioavailability data, or information supporting a waiver of the submission of in vivo bioavailability data under subpart B of part 320, including the following: (i) A description of each of the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic studies of the drug in humans performed by or on behalf of the applicant that includes a description of the analytical and statistical methods used in each study and a statement with respect to each study that it either was conducted in compliance with the institutional review board regulations in part 56, or was not subject to the regulations under § 56.104 or § 56.105, and that it was conducted in compliance with the informed consent regulations in part 50. (ii) If the application describes in the chemistry, manufacturing, and controls section specifications or analytical methods needed to assure the bioavailability of the drug product or drug substance, or both, a statement in this section of the rationale for establishing the specification or analytical methods, including data and information supporting the rationale. (iii) A summarizing discussion and analysis of the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the active ingredients and the bioavailability or bioequivalence, or both, of the drug product. (4) Microbiology section. If the drug is an anti-infective drug, a section describing the microbiology data, including the following: (i) A description of the biochemical basis of the drug's action on microbial physiology. (ii) A description of the antimicrobial spectra of the drug, including results of in vitro preclinical studies to demonstrate concentrations of the drug required for effective use. (iii) A description of any known mechanisms of resistance to the drug, including results of any known epidemiologic studies to demonstrate prevalence of resistance factors. (iv) A description of clinical microbiology laboratory methods (for example, in vitro sensitivity discs) needed for effective use of the drug. (5) Clinical data section. A section describing the clinical investigations of the drug, including the following: (i) A description and analysis of each clinical pharmacology study of the drug, including a brief comparison of the results of the human studies with the animal pharmacology and toxicology data. (ii) A description and analysis of each controlled clinical study pertinent to a proposed use of the drug, including the protocol and a description of the statistical analyses used to evaluate the study. If the study report is an interim analysis, this is to be noted and a projected completion date provided. Controlled clinical studies that have not been analyzed in detail for any reason (e.g., because they have been discontinued or are incomplete) are to be included in this section, including a copy of the protocol and a brief description of the results and status of the study. (iii) A description of each uncontrolled clinical study, a summary of the results, and a brief statement explaining why the study is classified as uncontrolled. (iv) A description and analysis of any other data or information relevant to an evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of the drug product obtained or otherwise received by the applicant from any source, foreign or domestic, including information derived from clinical investigations, including controlled and uncontrolled studies of uses of the drug other than those proposed in the application, commercial marketing experience, reports in the scientific literature, and unpublished scientific papers. (v) An integrated summary of the data demonstrating substantial evidence of effectiveness for the claimed indications. Evidence is also required to support the dosage and administration section of the labeling, including support for the dosage and dose interval recommended, and modifications for specific subgroups (for example, pediatrics, geriatrics, patients with renal failure). (vi) A summary and updates of safety information, as follows: (a) The applicant shall submit an integrated summary of all available information about the safety of the drug product, including pertinent animal data, demonstrated or potential adverse effects of the drug, clinically significant drug/drug interactions, and other safety considerations, such as data from epidemiological studies of related drugs. A description of any statistical analyses performed in analyzing safety data should also be included, unless already included under paragraph (d)(5)(ii) of this section. (b) The applicant shall, under section 505(i) of the act, update periodically its pending application with new safety information learned about the drug that may reasonably affect the statement of contraindications, warnings, precautions, and adverse reactions in the draft labeling. These “safety update reports” are required to include the same kinds of information (from clinical studies, animal studies, and other sources) and are required to be submitted in the same format as the integrated summary in paragraph (d)(5)(vi)(a) of this section. In addition, the reports are required to include the case report forms for each patient who died during a clinical study or who did not complete the study because of an adverse event (unless this requirement is waived). The applicant shall submit these reports (1) 4 months after the initial submission; (2) following receipt of an approvable letter; and (3) at other times as requested by FDA. Prior to the submission of the first such report, applicants are encouraged to consult with FDA regarding further details on its form and content. (vii) If the drug has a potential for abuse, a description and analysis of studies or information related to abuse of the drug, including a proposal for scheduling under the Controlled Substances Act. A description of any studies related to overdosage is also required, including information on dialysis, antidotes, or other treatments, if known. (viii) An integrated summary of the benefits and risks of the drug, including a discussion of why the benefits exceed the risks under the conditions stated in the labeling. (ix) A statement with respect to each clinical study involving human subjects that it either was conducted in compliance with the institutional review board regulations in part 56, or was not subject to the regulations under § 56.104 or § 56.105, and that it was conducted in compliance with the informed consent regulations in part 50. (x) If a sponsor has transferred any obligations for the conduct of any clinical study to a contract research organization, a statement containing the name and address of the contract research organization, identification of the clinical study, and a listing of the obligations transferred. If all obligations governing the conduct of the study have been transferred, a general statement of this transfer—in lieu of a listing of the specific obligations transferred—may be submitted. (xi) If original subject records were audited or reviewed by the sponsor in the course of monitoring any clinical study to verify the accuracy of the case reports submitted to the sponsor, a list identifying each clinical study so audited or reviewed. (6) Statistical section. A section describing the statistical evaluation of clinical data, including the following: (i) A copy of the information submitted under paragraph (d)(5)(ii) of this section concerning the description and analysis of each controlled clinical study, and the documentation and supporting statistical analyses used in evaluating the controlled clinical studies. (ii) A copy of the information submitted under paragraph (d)(5)(vi)(a) of this section concerning a summary of information about the safety of the drug product, and the documentation and supporting statistical analyses used in evaluating the safety information. (e) Samples and labeling. (1) Upon request from FDA, the applicant shall submit the samples described below to the places identified in the agency's request. FDA will generally ask applicants to submit samples directly to two or more agency laboratories that will perform all necessary tests on the samples and validate the applicant's analytical methods. (i) Four representative samples of the following, each sample in sufficient quantity to permit FDA to perform three times each test described in the application to determine whether the drug substance and the drug product meet the specifications given in the application: (a) The drug product proposed for marketing; (b) The drug substance used in the drug product from which the samples of the drug product were taken; and (c) Reference standards and blanks (except that reference standards recognized in an official compendium need not be submitted). (ii) Samples of the finished market package, if requested by FDA. (2) The applicant shall submit the following in the archival copy of the application: (i) Three copies of the analytical methods and related descriptive information contained in the chemistry, manufacturing, and controls section under paragraph (d)(1) of this section for the drug substance and the drug product that are necessary for FDA's laboratories to perform all necessary tests on the samples and to validate the applicant's analytical methods. The related descriptive information includes a description of each sample; the proposed regulatory specifications for the drug; a detailed description of the methods of analysis; supporting data for accuracy, specificity, precision and ruggedness; and complete results of the applicant's tests on each sample. (ii) Copies of the label and all labeling for the drug product (4 copies of draft labeling or 12 copies of final printed labeling). (f) Case report forms and tabulations. The archival copy of the application is required to contain the following case report tabulations and case report forms: (1) Case report tabulations. The application is required to contain tabulations of the data from each adequate and well-controlled study under § 314.126 (Phase 2 and Phase 3 studies as described in §§ 312.21 (b) and (c) of this chapter), tabulations of the data from the earliest clinical pharmacology studies (Phase 1 studies as described in § 312.21(a) of this chapter), and tabulations of the safety data from other clinical studies. Routine submission of other patient data from uncontrolled studies is not required. The tabulations are required to include the data on each patient in each study, except that the applicant may delete those tabulations which the agency agrees, in advance, are not pertinent to a review of the drug's safety or effectiveness. Upon request, FDA will discuss with the applicant in a “pre-NDA” conference those tabulations that may be appropriate for such deletion. Barring unforeseen circumstances, tabulations agreed to be deleted at such a conference will not be requested during the conduct of FDA's review of the application. If such unforeseen circumstances do occur, any request for deleted tabulations will be made by the director of the FDA division responsible for reviewing the application, in accordance with paragraph (f)(3) of this section. (2) Case report forms. The application is required to contain copies of individual case report forms for each patient who died during a clinical study or who did not complete the study because of an adverse event, whether believed to be drug related or not, including patients receiving reference drugs or placebo. This requirement may be waived by FDA for specific studies if the case report forms are unnecessary for a proper review of the study. (3) Additional data. The applicant shall submit to FDA additional case report forms and tabulations needed to conduct a proper review of the application, as requested by the director of the FDA division responsible for reviewing the application. The applicant's failure to submit information requested by FDA within 30 days after receipt of the request may result in the agency viewing any eventual submission as a major amendment under § 314.60 and extending the review period as necessary. If desired by the applicant, the FDA division director will verify in writing any request for additional data that was made orally. (4) Applicants are invited to meet with FDA before submitting an application to discuss the presentation and format of supporting information. If the applicant and FDA agree, the applicant may submit tabulations of patient data and case report forms in a form other than hard copy, for example, on microfiche or computer tapes. (g) Other. The following general requirements apply to the submission of information within the summary under paragraph (c) of this section and within the technical sections under paragraph (d) of this section. (1) The applicant ordinarily is not required to resubmit information previously submitted, but may incorporate the information by reference. A reference to information submitted previously is required to identify the file by name, reference number, volume, and page number in the agency's records where the information can be found. A reference to information submitted to the agency by a person other than the applicant is required to contain a written statement that authorizes the reference and that is signed by the person who submitted the information. (2) The applicant shall submit an accurate and complete English translation of each part of the application that is not in English. The applicant shall submit a copy of each original literature publication for which an English translation is submitted. (3) If an applicant who submits a new drug application under section 505(b) of the act obtains a “right of reference or use,” as defined under § 314.3(b), to an investigation described in clause (A) of section 505(b)(1) of the act, the applicant shall include in its application a written statement signed by the owner of the data from each such investigation that the applicant may rely on in support of the approval of its application, and provide FDA access to, the underlying raw data that provide the basis for the report of the investigation submitted in its application. (h) Patent information. The application is required to contain the patent information described under § 314.53. (i) Patent certification—(1) Contents. A 505(b)(2) application is required to contain the following: (i) Patents claiming drug, drug product, or method of use. (A) Except as provided in paragraph (i)(2) of this section, a certification with respect to each patent issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office that, in the opinion of the applicant and to the best of its knowledge, claims a drug (the drug product or drug substance that is a component of the drug product) on which investigations that are relied upon by the applicant for approval of its application were conducted or that claims an approved use for such drug and for which information is required to be filed under section 505(b) and (c) of the act and § 314.53. For each such patent, the applicant shall provide the patent number and certify, in its opinion and to the best of its knowledge, one of the following circumstances: (1) That the patent information has not been submitted to FDA. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph I Certification”; (2) That the patent has expired. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph II Certification”; (3) The date on which the patent will expire. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph III Certification”; or (4) That the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, or sale of the drug product for which the application is submitted. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph IV Certification”. This certification shall be submitted in the following form: I, (name of applicant), certify that Patent No. ______ (is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, or sale of) (name of proposed drug product) for which this application is submitted. The certification shall be accompanied by a statement that the applicant will comply with the requirements under § 314.52(a) with respect to providing a notice to each owner of the patent or their representatives and to the holder of the approved application for the drug product which is claimed by the patent or a use of which is claimed by the patent and with the requirements under § 314.52(c) with respect to the content of the notice. (B) If the drug on which investigations that are relied upon by the applicant were conducted is itself a licensed generic drug of a patented drug first approved under section 505(b) of the act, the appropriate patent certification under this section with respect to each patent that claims the first-approved patented drug or that claims an approved use for such a drug. (ii) No relevant patents. If, in the opinion of the applicant and to the best of its knowledge, there are no patents described in paragraph (i)(1)(i) of this section, a certification in the following form: In the opinion and to the best knowledge of (name of applicant), there are no patents that claim the drug or drugs on which investigations that are relied upon in this application were conducted or that claim a use of such drug or drugs. (iii) Method of use patent. (A) If information that is submitted under section 505(b) or (c) of the act and § 314.53 is for a method of use patent, and the labeling for the drug product for which the applicant is seeking approval does not include any indications that are covered by the use patent, a statement explaining that the method of use patent does not claim any of the proposed indications. (B) If the labeling of the drug product for which the applicant is seeking approval includes an indication that, according to the patent information submitted under section 505(b) or (c) of the act and § 314.53 or in the opinion of the applicant, is claimed by a use patent, the applicant shall submit an applicable certification under paragraph (i)(1)(i) of this section. (2) Method of manufacturing patent. An applicant is not required to make a certification with respect to any patent that claims only a method of manufacturing the drug product for which the applicant is seeking approval. (3) Licensing agreements. If a 505(b)(2) application is for a drug or method of using a drug claimed by a patent and the applicant has a licensing agreement with the patent owner, the applicant shall submit a certification under paragraph (i)(1)(i)(A)(4) of this section (“Paragraph IV Certification”) as to that patent and a statement that it has been granted a patent license. If the patent owner consents to an immediate effective date upon approval of the 505(b)(2) application, the application shall contain a written statement from the patent owner that it has a licensing agreement with the applicant and that it consents to an immediate effective date. (4) Late submission of patent information. If a patent described in paragraph (i)(1)(i)(A) of this section is issued and the holder of the approved application for the patented drug does not submit the required information on the patent within 30 days of issuance of the patent, an applicant who submitted a 505(b)(2) application that, before the submission of the patent information, contained an appropriate patent certification is not required to submit an amended certification. An applicant whose 505(b)(2) application is filed after a late submission of patent information or whose 505(b)(2) application was previously filed but did not contain an appropriate patent certification at the time of the patent submission shall submit a certification under paragraph (i)(1)(i) or (i)(1)(ii) of this section or a statement under paragraph (i)(1)(iii) of this section as to that patent. (5) Disputed patent information. If an applicant disputes the accuracy or relevance of patent information submitted to FDA, the applicant may seek a confirmation of the correctness of the patent information in accordance with the procedures under § 314.53(f). Unless the patent information is withdrawn or changed, the applicant must submit an appropriate certification for each relevant patent. (6) Amended certifications. A certification submitted under paragraphs (i)(1)(i) through (i)(1)(iii) of this section may be amended at any time before the effective date of the approval of the application. An applicant shall submit an amended certification as an amendment to a pending application or by letter to an approved application. If an applicant with a pending application voluntarily makes a patent certification for an untimely filed patent, the applicant may withdraw the patent certification for the untimely filed patent. Once an amendment or letter for the change in certification has been submitted, the application will no longer be considered to be one containing the prior certification. (i) After finding of infringement. An applicant who has submitted a certification under paragraph (i)(1)(i)(A)(4) of this section and is sued for patent infringement within 45 days of the receipt of notice sent under § 314.52 shall amend the certification if a final judgment in the action is entered finding the patent to be infringed unless the final judgment also finds the patent to be invalid. In the amended certification, the applicant shall certify under paragraph (i)(1)(i)(A)(3) of this section that the patent will expire on a specific date. (ii) After removal of a patent from the list. If a patent is removed from the list, any applicant with a pending application (including a tentatively approved application with a delayed effective date) who has made a certification with respect to such patent shall amend its certification. The applicant shall certify under paragraph (i)(1)(ii) of this section that no patents described in paragraph (i)(1)(i) of this section claim the drug or, if other relevant patents claim the drug, shall amend the certification to refer only to those relevant patents. In the amendment, the applicant shall state the reason for the change in certification (that the patent is or has been removed from the list). A patent that is the subject of a lawsuit under § 314.107(c) shall not be removed from the list until FDA determines either that no delay in effective dates of approval is required under that section as a result of the lawsuit, that the patent has expired, or that any such period of delay in effective dates of approval is ended. An applicant shall submit an amended certification as an amendment to a pending application. Once an amendment for the change has been submitted, the application will no longer be considered to be one containing a certification under paragraph (i)(1)(i)(A)(4) of this section. (iii) Other amendments. (A) Except as provided in paragraphs (i)(4) and (i)(6)(iii)(B) of this section, an applicant shall amend a submitted certification if, at any time before the effective date of the approval of the application, the applicant learns that the submitted certification is no longer accurate. (B) An applicant is not required to amend a submitted certification when information on an otherwise applicable patent is submitted after the effective date of approval for the 505(b)(2) application. (j) Claimed exclusivity. A new drug product, upon approval, may be entitled to a period of marketing exclusivity under the provisions of § 314.108. If an applicant believes its drug product is entitled to a period of exclusivity, it shall submit with the new drug application prior to approval the following information: (1) A statement that the applicant is claiming exclusivity. (2) A reference to the appropriate paragraph under § 314.108 that supports its claim. (3) If the applicant claims exclusivity under § 314.108(b)(2), information to show that, to the best of its knowledge or belief, a drug has not previously been approved under section 505(b) of the act containing any active moiety in the drug for which the applicant is seeking approval. (4) If the applicant claims exclusivity under § 314.108(b)(4) or (b)(5), the following information to show that the application contains “new clinical investigations” that are “essential to approval of the application or supplement” and were “conducted or sponsored by the applicant:” (i) “New clinical investigations.” A certification that to the best of the applicant's knowledge each of the clinical investigations included in the application meets the definition of “new clinical investigation” set forth in § 314.108(a). (ii) “Essential to approval.” A list of all published studies or publicly available reports of clinical investigations known to the applicant through a literature search that are relevant to the conditions for which the applicant is seeking approval, a certification that the applicant has thoroughly searched the scientific literature and, to the best of the applicant's knowledge, the list is complete and accurate and, in the applicant's opinion, such published studies or publicly available reports do not provide a sufficient basis for the approval of the conditions for which the applicant is seeking approval without reference to the new clinical investigation(s) in the application, and an explanation as to why the studies or reports are insufficient. (iii) “Conducted or sponsored by.” If the applicant was the sponsor named in the Form FDA-1571 for an investigational new drug application (IND) under which the new clinical investigation(s) that is essential to the approval of its application was conducted, identification of the IND by number. If the applicant was not the sponsor of the IND under which the clinical investigation(s) was conducted, a certification that the applicant or its predecessor in interest provided substantial support for the clinical investigation(s) that is essential to the approval of its application, and information supporting the certification. To demonstrate “substantial support,” an applicant must either provide a certified statement from a certified public accountant that the applicant provided 50 percent or more of the cost of conducting the study or provide an explanation of why FDA should consider the applicant to have conducted or sponsored the study if the applicant's financial contribution to the study is less than 50 percent or the applicant did not sponsor the investigational new drug. A predecessor in interest is an entity, e.g., a corporation, that the applicant has taken over, merged with, or purchased, or from which the applicant has purchased all rights to the drug. Purchase of nonexclusive rights to a clinical investigation after it is completed is not sufficient to satisfy this definition. (k) Format of an original application. (1) The applicant shall submit a complete archival copy of the application that contains the information required under paragraphs (a) through (f) of this section. FDA will maintain the archival copy during the review of the application to permit individual reviewers to refer to information that is not contained in their particular technical sections of the application, to give other agency personnel access to the application for official business, and to maintain in one place a complete copy of the application. An applicant may submit on microfiche the portions of the archival copy of the application described in paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section. Information relating to samples and labeling, described in paragraph (e) of this section, is required to be submitted in hard copy. Tabulations of patient data and case report forms, described in paragraph (f) of this section, may be submitted on microfiche only if the applicant and FDA agree. If FDA agrees, the applicant may use another suitable microform system. (2) The applicant shall submit a review copy of the application. Each of the technical sections, described in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(6) of this section, in the review copy is required to be separately bound with a copy of the application form required under paragraph (a) of this section and a copy of the summary required under paragraph (c) of this section. (3) The applicant shall submit a field copy of the application that contains the technical section described in paragraph (d)(1) of this section, a copy of the application form required under paragraph (a) of this section, a copy of the summary required under paragraph (c) of this section, and a certification that the field copy is a true copy of the technical section described in paragraph (d)(1) of this section contained in the archival and review copies of the application. (4) The applicant may obtain from FDA sufficient folders to bind the archival, the review, and the field copies of the application. (Collection of information requirements approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0910-0001)	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Application form. The applicant shall submit a completed and signed application form that contains the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The name and address of the applicant; the date of the application; the application number if previously issued (for example, if the application is a resubmission, an amendment, or a supplement); the name of the drug product, including its established, proprietary, code, and chemical names; the dosage form and strength; the route of administration; the identification numbers of all investigational new drug applications that are referenced in the application; the identification numbers of all drug master files and other applications under this part that are referenced in the application; and the drug product's proposed indications for use.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "A statement whether the submission is an original submission, a 505(b)(2) application, a resubmission, or a supplement to an application under § 314.70.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "A statement whether the applicant proposes to market the drug product as a prescription or an over-the-counter product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "A check-list identifying what enclosures required under this section the applicant is submitting.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "The applicant, or the applicant's attorney, agent, or other authorized official shall sign the application. If the person signing the application does not reside or have a place of business within the United States, the application is required to contain the name and address of, and be countersigned by, an attorney, agent, or other authorized official who resides or maintains a place of business within the United States.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Index. The archival copy of the application is required to contain a comprehensive index by volume number and page number to the summary under paragraph (c) of this section, the technical sections under paragraph (d) of this section, and the supporting information under paragraph (f) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Summary. (1) An application is required to contain a summary of the application in enough detail that the reader may gain a good general understanding of the data and information in the application, including an understanding of the quantitative aspects of the data. The summary is not required for supplements under § 314.70. Resubmissions of an application should contain an updated summary, as appropriate. The summary should discuss all aspects of the application, and synthesize the information into a well-structured and unified document. The summary should be written at approximately the level of detail required for publication in, and meet the editorial standards generally applied by, refereed scientific and medical journals. In addition to the agency personnel reviewing the summary in the context of their review of the application, FDA may furnish the summary to FDA advisory committee members and agency officials whose duties require an understanding of the application. To the exten", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The summary is required to contain the following information:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The proposed text of the labeling for the drug, with annotations to the information in the summary and technical sections of the application that support the inclusion of each statement in the labeling, and, if the application is for a prescription drug, statements describing the reasons for omitting a section or subsection of the labeling format in § 201.57.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "A statement identifying the pharmacologic class of the drug and a discussion of the scientific rationale for the drug, its intended use, and the potential clinical benefits of the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "A brief description of the marketing history, if any, of the drug outside the United States, including a list of the countries in which the drug has been marketed, a list of any countries in which the drug has been withdrawn from marketing for any reason related to safety or effectiveness, and a list of countries in which applications for marketing are pending. The description is required to describe both marketing by the applicant and, if known, the marketing history of other persons.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "A summary of the chemistry, manufacturing, and controls section of the application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "A summary of the nonclinical pharmacology and toxicology section of the application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(vi)", "text": "A summary of the human pharmacokinetics and bioavailability section of the application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(vii)", "text": "A summary of the microbiology section of the application (for anti-infective drugs only).", "source": null}, {"label": "(viii)", "text": "A summary of the clinical data section of the application, including the results of statistical analyses of the clinical trials.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ix)", "text": "A concluding discussion that presents the benefit and risk considerations related to the drug, including a discussion of any proposed additional studies or surveillance the applicant intends to conduct postmarketing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Technical sections. The application is required to contain the technical sections described below. Each technical section is required to contain data and information in sufficient detail to permit the agency to make a knowledgeable judgment about whether to approve the application or whether grounds exist under section 505(d) or 507 of the act to refuse to approve the application. The required technical sections are as follows:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Chemistry, manufacturing, and controls section. A section describing the composition, manufacture, and specification of the drug substance and the drug product, including the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Drug substance. A full description of the drug substance including its physical and chemical characteristics and stability; the name and address of its manufacturer; the method of synthesis (or isolation) and purification of the drug substance; the process controls used during manufacture and packaging; and such specifications and analytical methods as are necessary to assure the identity, strength, quality, and purity of the drug substance and the bioavailability of the drug products made from the substance, including, for example, specifications relating to stability, sterility, particle size, and crystalline form. The application may provide additionally for the use of alternatives to meet any of these requirements, including alternative sources, process controls, methods, and specifications. Reference to the current edition of the U.S. Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary may satisfy relevant requirements in this paragraph.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Unless provided by paragraph (d)(1)(ii)(a) of this section, for each batch of the drug product used to conduct a bioavailability or bioequivalence study described in § 320.38 or § 320.63 of this chapter or used to conduct a primary stability study: The batch production record; the specifications and test procedures for each component and for the drug product; the names and addresses of the sources of the active and noncompendial inactive components and of the container and closure system for the drug product; the name and address of each contract facility involved in the manufacture, processing, packaging, or testing of the drug product and identification of the operation performed by each contract facility; and the results of any test performed on the components used in the manufacture of the drug product as required by § 211.84(d) of this chapter and on the drug product as required by § 211.165 of this chapter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "The proposed or actual master production record, including a description of the equipment, to be used for the manufacture of a commercial lot of the drug product or a comparably detailed description of the production process for a representative batch of the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Environmental impact. The application is required to contain either a claim for categorical exclusion under § 25.24 of this chapter or an environmental assessment under § 25.31 of this chapter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "The applicant may, at its option, submit a complete chemistry, manufacturing, and controls section 90 to 120 days before the anticipated submission of the remainder of the application. FDA will review such early submissions as resources permit.", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "Except for a foreign applicant, the applicant shall include a statement certifying that the field copy of the application has been provided to the applicant's home FDA district office.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Nonclinical pharmacology and toxicology section. A section describing, with the aid of graphs and tables, animal and in vitro studies with drug, including the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Studies of the pharmacological actions of the drug in relation to its proposed therapeutic indication and studies that otherwise define the pharmacologic properties of the drug or are pertinent to possible adverse effects.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Studies of the toxicological effects of the drug as they relate to the drug's intended clinical uses, including, as appropriate, studies assessing the drug's acute, subacute, and chronic toxicity; carcinogenicity; and studies of toxicities related to the drug's particular mode of administration or conditions of use.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Studies, as appropriate, of the effects of the drug on reproduction and on the developing fetus.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "Any studies of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the drug in animals.", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "For each nonclinical laboratory study subject to the good laboratory practice regulations under part 58 a statement that it was conducted in compliance with the good laboratory practice regulations in part 58, or, if the study was not conducted in compliance with those regulations, a brief statement of the reason for the noncompliance.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Human pharmacokinetics and bioavailability section. A section describing the human pharmacokinetic data and human bioavailability data, or information supporting a waiver of the submission of in vivo bioavailability data under subpart B of part 320, including the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "A description of each of the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic studies of the drug in humans performed by or on behalf of the applicant that includes a description of the analytical and statistical methods used in each study and a statement with respect to each study that it either was conducted in compliance with the institutional review board regulations in part 56, or was not subject to the regulations under § 56.104 or § 56.105, and that it was conducted in compliance with the informed consent regulations in part 50.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "If the application describes in the chemistry, manufacturing, and controls section specifications or analytical methods needed to assure the bioavailability of the drug product or drug substance, or both, a statement in this section of the rationale for establishing the specification or analytical methods, including data and information supporting the rationale.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "A summarizing discussion and analysis of the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the active ingredients and the bioavailability or bioequivalence, or both, of the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Microbiology section. If the drug is an anti-infective drug, a section describing the microbiology data, including the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "A description of the biochemical basis of the drug's action on microbial physiology.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "A description of the antimicrobial spectra of the drug, including results of in vitro preclinical studies to demonstrate concentrations of the drug required for effective use.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "A description of any known mechanisms of resistance to the drug, including results of any known epidemiologic studies to demonstrate prevalence of resistance factors.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "A description of clinical microbiology laboratory methods (for example, in vitro sensitivity discs) needed for effective use of the drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "Clinical data section. A section describing the clinical investigations of the drug, including the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "A description and analysis of each clinical pharmacology study of the drug, including a brief comparison of the results of the human studies with the animal pharmacology and toxicology data.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "A description and analysis of each controlled clinical study pertinent to a proposed use of the drug, including the protocol and a description of the statistical analyses used to evaluate the study. If the study report is an interim analysis, this is to be noted and a projected completion date provided. Controlled clinical studies that have not been analyzed in detail for any reason (e.g., because they have been discontinued or are incomplete) are to be included in this section, including a copy of the protocol and a brief description of the results and status of the study.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "A description of each uncontrolled clinical study, a summary of the results, and a brief statement explaining why the study is classified as uncontrolled.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "A description and analysis of any other data or information relevant to an evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of the drug product obtained or otherwise received by the applicant from any source, foreign or domestic, including information derived from clinical investigations, including controlled and uncontrolled studies of uses of the drug other than those proposed in the application, commercial marketing experience, reports in the scientific literature, and unpublished scientific papers.", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "An integrated summary of the data demonstrating substantial evidence of effectiveness for the claimed indications. Evidence is also required to support the dosage and administration section of the labeling, including support for the dosage and dose interval recommended, and modifications for specific subgroups (for example, pediatrics, geriatrics, patients with renal failure).", "source": null}, {"label": "(vi)", "text": "A summary and updates of safety information, as follows:", "source": null}, {"label": "(a)", "text": "The applicant shall submit an integrated summary of all available information about the safety of the drug product, including pertinent animal data, demonstrated or potential adverse effects of the drug, clinically significant drug/drug interactions, and other safety considerations, such as data from epidemiological studies of related drugs. A description of any statistical analyses performed in analyzing safety data should also be included, unless already included under paragraph (d)(5)(ii) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The applicant shall, under section 505(i) of the act, update periodically its pending application with new safety information learned about the drug that may reasonably affect the statement of contraindications, warnings, precautions, and adverse reactions in the draft labeling. These “safety update reports” are required to include the same kinds of information (from clinical studies, animal studies, and other sources) and are required to be submitted in the same format as the integrated summary in paragraph (d)(5)(vi)(a) of this section. In addition, the reports are required to include the case report forms for each patient who died during a clinical study or who did not complete the study because of an adverse event (unless this requirement is waived). The applicant shall submit these reports (1) 4 months after the initial submission; (2) following receipt of an approvable letter; and (3) at other times as requested by FDA. Prior to the submission of the first such report, applicants", "source": null}, {"label": "(vii)", "text": "If the drug has a potential for abuse, a description and analysis of studies or information related to abuse of the drug, including a proposal for scheduling under the Controlled Substances Act. A description of any studies related to overdosage is also required, including information on dialysis, antidotes, or other treatments, if known.", "source": null}, {"label": "(viii)", "text": "An integrated summary of the benefits and risks of the drug, including a discussion of why the benefits exceed the risks under the conditions stated in the labeling.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ix)", "text": "A statement with respect to each clinical study involving human subjects that it either was conducted in compliance with the institutional review board regulations in part 56, or was not subject to the regulations under § 56.104 or § 56.105, and that it was conducted in compliance with the informed consent regulations in part 50.", "source": null}, {"label": "(x)", "text": "If a sponsor has transferred any obligations for the conduct of any clinical study to a contract research organization, a statement containing the name and address of the contract research organization, identification of the clinical study, and a listing of the obligations transferred. If all obligations governing the conduct of the study have been transferred, a general statement of this transfer—in lieu of a listing of the specific obligations transferred—may be submitted.", "source": null}, {"label": "(xi)", "text": "If original subject records were audited or reviewed by the sponsor in the course of monitoring any clinical study to verify the accuracy of the case reports submitted to the sponsor, a list identifying each clinical study so audited or reviewed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "Statistical section. A section describing the statistical evaluation of clinical data, including the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "A copy of the information submitted under paragraph (d)(5)(ii) of this section concerning the description and analysis of each controlled clinical study, and the documentation and supporting statistical analyses used in evaluating the controlled clinical studies.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "A copy of the information submitted under paragraph (d)(5)(vi)(a) of this section concerning a summary of information about the safety of the drug product, and the documentation and supporting statistical analyses used in evaluating the safety information.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Samples and labeling. (1) Upon request from FDA, the applicant shall submit the samples described below to the places identified in the agency's request. FDA will generally ask applicants to submit samples directly to two or more agency laboratories that will perform all necessary tests on the samples and validate the applicant's analytical methods.", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Four representative samples of the following, each sample in sufficient quantity to permit FDA to perform three times each test described in the application to determine whether the drug substance and the drug product meet the specifications given in the application:", "source": null}, {"label": "(a)", "text": "The drug product proposed for marketing;", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The drug substance used in the drug product from which the samples of the drug product were taken; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Reference standards and blanks (except that reference standards recognized in an official compendium need not be submitted).", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Samples of the finished market package, if requested by FDA.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The applicant shall submit the following in the archival copy of the application:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Three copies of the analytical methods and related descriptive information contained in the chemistry, manufacturing, and controls section under paragraph (d)(1) of this section for the drug substance and the drug product that are necessary for FDA's laboratories to perform all necessary tests on the samples and to validate the applicant's analytical methods. The related descriptive information includes a description of each sample; the proposed regulatory specifications for the drug; a detailed description of the methods of analysis; supporting data for accuracy, specificity, precision and ruggedness; and complete results of the applicant's tests on each sample.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Copies of the label and all labeling for the drug product (4 copies of draft labeling or 12 copies of final printed labeling).", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "Case report forms and tabulations. The archival copy of the application is required to contain the following case report tabulations and case report forms:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Case report tabulations. The application is required to contain tabulations of the data from each adequate and well-controlled study under § 314.126 (Phase 2 and Phase 3 studies as described in §§ 312.21 (b) and (c) of this chapter), tabulations of the data from the earliest clinical pharmacology studies (Phase 1 studies as described in § 312.21(a) of this chapter), and tabulations of the safety data from other clinical studies. Routine submission of other patient data from uncontrolled studies is not required. The tabulations are required to include the data on each patient in each study, except that the applicant may delete those tabulations which the agency agrees, in advance, are not pertinent to a review of the drug's safety or effectiveness. Upon request, FDA will discuss with the applicant in a “pre-NDA” conference those tabulations that may be appropriate for such deletion. Barring unforeseen circumstances, tabulations agreed to be deleted at such a conference will not be reque", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Case report forms. The application is required to contain copies of individual case report forms for each patient who died during a clinical study or who did not complete the study because of an adverse event, whether believed to be drug related or not, including patients receiving reference drugs or placebo. This requirement may be waived by FDA for specific studies if the case report forms are unnecessary for a proper review of the study.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Additional data. The applicant shall submit to FDA additional case report forms and tabulations needed to conduct a proper review of the application, as requested by the director of the FDA division responsible for reviewing the application. The applicant's failure to submit information requested by FDA within 30 days after receipt of the request may result in the agency viewing any eventual submission as a major amendment under § 314.60 and extending the review period as necessary. If desired by the applicant, the FDA division director will verify in writing any request for additional data that was made orally.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Applicants are invited to meet with FDA before submitting an application to discuss the presentation and format of supporting information. If the applicant and FDA agree, the applicant may submit tabulations of patient data and case report forms in a form other than hard copy, for example, on microfiche or computer tapes.", "source": null}, {"label": "(g)", "text": "Other. The following general requirements apply to the submission of information within the summary under paragraph (c) of this section and within the technical sections under paragraph (d) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The applicant ordinarily is not required to resubmit information previously submitted, but may incorporate the information by reference. A reference to information submitted previously is required to identify the file by name, reference number, volume, and page number in the agency's records where the information can be found. A reference to information submitted to the agency by a person other than the applicant is required to contain a written statement that authorizes the reference and that is signed by the person who submitted the information.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The applicant shall submit an accurate and complete English translation of each part of the application that is not in English. The applicant shall submit a copy of each original literature publication for which an English translation is submitted.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "If an applicant who submits a new drug application under section 505(b) of the act obtains a “right of reference or use,” as defined under § 314.3(b), to an investigation described in clause (A) of section 505(b)(1) of the act, the applicant shall include in its application a written statement signed by the owner of the data from each such investigation that the applicant may rely on in support of the approval of its application, and provide FDA access to, the underlying raw data that provide the basis for the report of the investigation submitted in its application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(h)", "text": "Patent information. The application is required to contain the patent information described under § 314.53.", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Patent certification—(1) Contents. A 505(b)(2) application is required to contain the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Patents claiming drug, drug product, or method of use. (A) Except as provided in paragraph (i)(2) of this section, a certification with respect to each patent issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office that, in the opinion of the applicant and to the best of its knowledge, claims a drug (the drug product or drug substance that is a component of the drug product) on which investigations that are relied upon by the applicant for approval of its application were conducted or that claims an approved use for such drug and for which information is required to be filed under section 505(b) and (c) of the act and § 314.53. For each such patent, the applicant shall provide the patent number and certify, in its opinion and to the best of its knowledge, one of the following circumstances:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "That the patent information has not been submitted to FDA. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph I Certification”;", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "That the patent has expired. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph II Certification”;", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The date on which the patent will expire. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph III Certification”; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "That the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, or sale of the drug product for which the application is submitted. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph IV Certification”. This certification shall be submitted in the following form:", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "If the drug on which investigations that are relied upon by the applicant were conducted is itself a licensed generic drug of a patented drug first approved under section 505(b) of the act, the appropriate patent certification under this section with respect to each patent that claims the first-approved patented drug or that claims an approved use for such a drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "No relevant patents. If, in the opinion of the applicant and to the best of its knowledge, there are no patents described in paragraph (i)(1)(i) of this section, a certification in the following form:", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Method of use patent. (A) If information that is submitted under section 505(b) or (c) of the act and § 314.53 is for a method of use patent, and the labeling for the drug product for which the applicant is seeking approval does not include any indications that are covered by the use patent, a statement explaining that the method of use patent does not claim any of the proposed indications.", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "If the labeling of the drug product for which the applicant is seeking approval includes an indication that, according to the patent information submitted under section 505(b) or (c) of the act and § 314.53 or in the opinion of the applicant, is claimed by a use patent, the applicant shall submit an applicable certification under paragraph (i)(1)(i) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Method of manufacturing patent. An applicant is not required to make a certification with respect to any patent that claims only a method of manufacturing the drug product for which the applicant is seeking approval.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Licensing agreements. If a 505(b)(2) application is for a drug or method of using a drug claimed by a patent and the applicant has a licensing agreement with the patent owner, the applicant shall submit a certification under paragraph (i)(1)(i)(A)(4) of this section (“Paragraph IV Certification”) as to that patent and a statement that it has been granted a patent license. If the patent owner consents to an immediate effective date upon approval of the 505(b)(2) application, the application shall contain a written statement from the patent owner that it has a licensing agreement with the applicant and that it consents to an immediate effective date.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Late submission of patent information. If a patent described in paragraph (i)(1)(i)(A) of this section is issued and the holder of the approved application for the patented drug does not submit the required information on the patent within 30 days of issuance of the patent, an applicant who submitted a 505(b)(2) application that, before the submission of the patent information, contained an appropriate patent certification is not required to submit an amended certification. An applicant whose 505(b)(2) application is filed after a late submission of patent information or whose 505(b)(2) application was previously filed but did not contain an appropriate patent certification at the time of the patent submission shall submit a certification under paragraph (i)(1)(i) or (i)(1)(ii) of this section or a statement under paragraph (i)(1)(iii) of this section as to that patent.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "Disputed patent information. If an applicant disputes the accuracy or relevance of patent information submitted to FDA, the applicant may seek a confirmation of the correctness of the patent information in accordance with the procedures under § 314.53(f). Unless the patent information is withdrawn or changed, the applicant must submit an appropriate certification for each relevant patent.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "Amended certifications. A certification submitted under paragraphs (i)(1)(i) through (i)(1)(iii) of this section may be amended at any time before the effective date of the approval of the application. An applicant shall submit an amended certification as an amendment to a pending application or by letter to an approved application. If an applicant with a pending application voluntarily makes a patent certification for an untimely filed patent, the applicant may withdraw the patent certification for the untimely filed patent. Once an amendment or letter for the change in certification has been submitted, the application will no longer be considered to be one containing the prior certification.", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "After finding of infringement. An applicant who has submitted a certification under paragraph (i)(1)(i)(A)(4) of this section and is sued for patent infringement within 45 days of the receipt of notice sent under § 314.52 shall amend the certification if a final judgment in the action is entered finding the patent to be infringed unless the final judgment also finds the patent to be invalid. In the amended certification, the applicant shall certify under paragraph (i)(1)(i)(A)(3) of this section that the patent will expire on a specific date.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "After removal of a patent from the list. If a patent is removed from the list, any applicant with a pending application (including a tentatively approved application with a delayed effective date) who has made a certification with respect to such patent shall amend its certification. The applicant shall certify under paragraph (i)(1)(ii) of this section that no patents described in paragraph (i)(1)(i) of this section claim the drug or, if other relevant patents claim the drug, shall amend the certification to refer only to those relevant patents. In the amendment, the applicant shall state the reason for the change in certification (that the patent is or has been removed from the list). A patent that is the subject of a lawsuit under § 314.107(c) shall not be removed from the list until FDA determines either that no delay in effective dates of approval is required under that section as a result of the lawsuit, that the patent has expired, or that any such period of delay in effective d", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Other amendments. (A) Except as provided in paragraphs (i)(4) and (i)(6)(iii)(B) of this section, an applicant shall amend a submitted certification if, at any time before the effective date of the approval of the application, the applicant learns that the submitted certification is no longer accurate.", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "An applicant is not required to amend a submitted certification when information on an otherwise applicable patent is submitted after the effective date of approval for the 505(b)(2) application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(j)", "text": "Claimed exclusivity. A new drug product, upon approval, may be entitled to a period of marketing exclusivity under the provisions of § 314.108. If an applicant believes its drug product is entitled to a period of exclusivity, it shall submit with the new drug application prior to approval the following information:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "A statement that the applicant is claiming exclusivity.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "A reference to the appropriate paragraph under § 314.108 that supports its claim.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "If the applicant claims exclusivity under § 314.108(b)(2), information to show that, to the best of its knowledge or belief, a drug has not previously been approved under section 505(b) of the act containing any active moiety in the drug for which the applicant is seeking approval.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "If the applicant claims exclusivity under § 314.108(b)(4) or (b)(5), the following information to show that the application contains “new clinical investigations” that are “essential to approval of the application or supplement” and were “conducted or sponsored by the applicant:”", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "“New clinical investigations.” A certification that to the best of the applicant's knowledge each of the clinical investigations included in the application meets the definition of “new clinical investigation” set forth in § 314.108(a).", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "“Essential to approval.” A list of all published studies or publicly available reports of clinical investigations known to the applicant through a literature search that are relevant to the conditions for which the applicant is seeking approval, a certification that the applicant has thoroughly searched the scientific literature and, to the best of the applicant's knowledge, the list is complete and accurate and, in the applicant's opinion, such published studies or publicly available reports do not provide a sufficient basis for the approval of the conditions for which the applicant is seeking approval without reference to the new clinical investigation(s) in the application, and an explanation as to why the studies or reports are insufficient.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "“Conducted or sponsored by.” If the applicant was the sponsor named in the Form FDA-1571 for an investigational new drug application (IND) under which the new clinical investigation(s) that is essential to the approval of its application was conducted, identification of the IND by number. If the applicant was not the sponsor of the IND under which the clinical investigation(s) was conducted, a certification that the applicant or its predecessor in interest provided substantial support for the clinical investigation(s) that is essential to the approval of its application, and information supporting the certification. To demonstrate “substantial support,” an applicant must either provide a certified statement from a certified public accountant that the applicant provided 50 percent or more of the cost of conducting the study or provide an explanation of why FDA should consider the applicant to have conducted or sponsored the study if the applicant's financial contribution to the study is", "source": null}, {"label": "(k)", "text": "Format of an original application. (1) The applicant shall submit a complete archival copy of the application that contains the information required under paragraphs (a) through (f) of this section. FDA will maintain the archival copy during the review of the application to permit individual reviewers to refer to information that is not contained in their particular technical sections of the application, to give other agency personnel access to the application for official business, and to maintain in one place a complete copy of the application. An applicant may submit on microfiche the portions of the archival copy of the application described in paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section. Information relating to samples and labeling, described in paragraph (e) of this section, is required to be submitted in hard copy. Tabulations of patient data and case report forms, described in paragraph (f) of this section, may be submitted on microfiche only if the applicant and FDA agree. If F", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The applicant shall submit a review copy of the application. Each of the technical sections, described in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(6) of this section, in the review copy is required to be separately bound with a copy of the application form required under paragraph (a) of this section and a copy of the summary required under paragraph (c) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The applicant shall submit a field copy of the application that contains the technical section described in paragraph (d)(1) of this section, a copy of the application form required under paragraph (a) of this section, a copy of the summary required under paragraph (c) of this section, and a certification that the field copy is a true copy of the technical section described in paragraph (d)(1) of this section contained in the archival and review copies of the application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The applicant may obtain from FDA sufficient folders to bind the archival, the review, and the field copies of the application.", "source": null}]		§ 25.24; § 56.104; § 314.107; § 10.90; § 211.84; § 314.70.; § 314.126; § 211.165; § 314.108.; § 314.60; § 314.430; § 320.38; § 314.108; § 314.52; § 25.31; § 314.53.; § 56.105; § 314.53; § 312.21; § 201.57.; § 320.63; § 314.3	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985; 50 FR 14212, Apr. 11, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 16668, Apr. 26, 1985; 50 FR 21238, May 23, 1985; 52 FR 8847, Mar. 19, 1987; 55 FR 11580, Mar. 29, 1990; 57 FR 17982, Apr. 28, 1992; 58 FR 47351, Sept. 8, 1993; 59 FR 13200, Mar. 21, 1994; 59 FR 50361, Oct. 3, 1994; 59 FR 60051, Nov. 21, 1994]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		120 days; 30 days; 45 days; 4 months	False	True	4 months; within 30 day; 30 days; 120 days; within 45 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.50
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart B	Applications	314.52	Notice of certification of invalidity or noninfringement of a patent.	(a) Notice of certification. For each patent which claims the drug or drugs on which investigations that are relied upon by the applicant for approval of its application were conducted or which claims a use for such drug or drugs and which the applicant certifies under § 314.50(i)(1)(i)(A)(4) that a patent is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed, the applicant shall send notice of such certification by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested to each of the following persons: (1) Each owner of the patent that is the subject of the certification or the representative designated by the owner to receive the notice. The name and address of the patent owner or its representative may be obtained from the United States Patent and Trademark Office; and (2) The holder of the approved application under section 505(b) of the act for each drug product which is claimed by the patent or a use of which is claimed by the patent and for which the applicant is seeking approval, or, if the application holder does not reside or maintain a place of business within the United States, the application holder's attorney, agent, or other authorized official. The name and address of the application holder or its attorney, agent, or authorized official may be obtained from the Division of Drug Information Resources (HFD-80), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. (3) This paragraph does not apply to a use patent that claims no uses for which the applicant is seeking approval. (b) Sending the notice. The applicant shall send the notice required by paragraph (a) of this section when it receives from FDA an acknowledgment letter stating that its application has been filed. At the same time, the applicant shall amend its application to include a statement certifying that the notice has been provided to each person identified under paragraph (a) of this section and that the notice met the content requirement under paragraph (c) of this section. (c) Content of a notice. In the notice, the applicant shall cite section 505(b)(3)(B) of the act and shall include, but not be limited to, the following information: (1) A statement that a 505(b)(2) application submitted by the applicant has been filed by FDA. (2) The application number. (3) The established name, if any, as defined in section 502(e)(3) of the act, of the proposed drug product. (4) The active ingredient, strength, and dosage form of the proposed drug product. (5) The patent number and expiration date, as submitted to the agency or as known to the applicant, of each patent alleged to be invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed. (6) A detailed statement of the factual and legal basis of the applicant's opinion that the patent is not valid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed. The applicant shall include in the detailed statement: (i) For each claim of a patent alleged not to be infringed, a full and detailed explanation of why the claim is not infringed. (ii) For each claim of a patent alleged to be invalid or unenforceable, a full and detailed explanation of the grounds supporting the allegation. (7) If the applicant does not reside or have a place of business in the United States, the name and address of an agent in the United States authorized to accept service of process for the applicant. (d) Amendment to an application. If an application is amended to include the certification described in § 314.50(i), the applicant shall send the notice required by paragraph (a) of this section at the same time that the amendment to the application is submitted to FDA. (e) Documentation of receipt of notice. The applicant shall amend its application to document receipt of the notice required under paragraph (a) of this section by each person provided the notice. The applicant shall include a copy of the return receipt or other similar evidence of the date the notification was received. FDA will accept as adequate documentation of the date of receipt a return receipt or a letter acknowledging receipt by the person provided the notice. An applicant may rely on another form of documentation only if FDA has agreed to such documentation in advance. A copy of the notice itself need not be submitted to the agency. (f) Approval. If the requirements of this section are met, the agency will presume the notice to be complete and sufficient, and it will count the day following the date of receipt of the notice by the patent owner or its representative and by the approved application holder as the first day of the 45-day period provided for in section 505(c)(3)(C) of the act. FDA may, if the applicant amends its application with a written statement that a later date should be used, count from such later date.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Notice of certification. For each patent which claims the drug or drugs on which investigations that are relied upon by the applicant for approval of its application were conducted or which claims a use for such drug or drugs and which the applicant certifies under § 314.50(i)(1)(i)(A)(4) that a patent is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed, the applicant shall send notice of such certification by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested to each of the following persons:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Each owner of the patent that is the subject of the certification or the representative designated by the owner to receive the notice. The name and address of the patent owner or its representative may be obtained from the United States Patent and Trademark Office; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The holder of the approved application under section 505(b) of the act for each drug product which is claimed by the patent or a use of which is claimed by the patent and for which the applicant is seeking approval, or, if the application holder does not reside or maintain a place of business within the United States, the application holder's attorney, agent, or other authorized official. The name and address of the application holder or its attorney, agent, or authorized official may be obtained from the Division of Drug Information Resources (HFD-80), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "This paragraph does not apply to a use patent that claims no uses for which the applicant is seeking approval.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Sending the notice. The applicant shall send the notice required by paragraph (a) of this section when it receives from FDA an acknowledgment letter stating that its application has been filed. At the same time, the applicant shall amend its application to include a statement certifying that the notice has been provided to each person identified under paragraph (a) of this section and that the notice met the content requirement under paragraph (c) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Content of a notice. In the notice, the applicant shall cite section 505(b)(3)(B) of the act and shall include, but not be limited to, the following information:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "A statement that a 505(b)(2) application submitted by the applicant has been filed by FDA.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The application number.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The established name, if any, as defined in section 502(e)(3) of the act, of the proposed drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The active ingredient, strength, and dosage form of the proposed drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "The patent number and expiration date, as submitted to the agency or as known to the applicant, of each patent alleged to be invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "A detailed statement of the factual and legal basis of the applicant's opinion that the patent is not valid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed. The applicant shall include in the detailed statement:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "For each claim of a patent alleged not to be infringed, a full and detailed explanation of why the claim is not infringed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "For each claim of a patent alleged to be invalid or unenforceable, a full and detailed explanation of the grounds supporting the allegation.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "If the applicant does not reside or have a place of business in the United States, the name and address of an agent in the United States authorized to accept service of process for the applicant.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Amendment to an application. If an application is amended to include the certification described in § 314.50(i), the applicant shall send the notice required by paragraph (a) of this section at the same time that the amendment to the application is submitted to FDA.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Documentation of receipt of notice. The applicant shall amend its application to document receipt of the notice required under paragraph (a) of this section by each person provided the notice. The applicant shall include a copy of the return receipt or other similar evidence of the date the notification was received. FDA will accept as adequate documentation of the date of receipt a return receipt or a letter acknowledging receipt by the person provided the notice. An applicant may rely on another form of documentation only if FDA has agreed to such documentation in advance. A copy of the notice itself need not be submitted to the agency.", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "Approval. If the requirements of this section are met, the agency will presume the notice to be complete and sufficient, and it will count the day following the date of receipt of the notice by the patent owner or its representative and by the approved application holder as the first day of the 45-day period provided for in section 505(c)(3)(C) of the act. FDA may, if the applicant amends its application with a written statement that a later date should be used, count from such later date.", "source": null}]		§ 314.50	[59 FR 50362, Oct. 3, 1994]	Oct. 3, 1994	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.52
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart B	Applications	314.53	Submission of patent information.	(a) Who must submit patent information. This section applies to any applicant who submits to FDA a new drug application or an amendment to it under section 505(b) of the act and § 314.50 or a supplement to an approved application under § 314.70, except as provided in paragraph (d)(2) of this section. (b) Patents for which information must be submitted. An applicant described in paragraph (a) of this section shall submit information on each patent that claims the drug or a method of using the drug that is the subject of the new drug application or amendment or supplement to it and with respect to which a claim of patent infringement could reasonably be asserted if a person not licensed by the owner of the patent engaged in the manufacture, use, or sale of the drug product. For purposes of this part, such patents consist of drug substance (ingredient) patents, drug product (formulation and composition) patents, and method of use patents. Process patents are not covered by this section and information on process patents may not be submitted to FDA. For patents that claim a drug substance or drug product, the applicant shall submit information only on those patents that claim a drug product that is the subject of a pending or approved application, or that claim a drug substance that is a component of such a product. For patents that claim a method of use, the applicant shall submit information only on those patents that claim indications or other conditions of use of a pending or approved application. (c) Reporting requirements—(1) General requirements. An applicant described in paragraph (a) of this section shall submit the following information for each patent described in paragraph (b) of this section: (i) Patent number and the date on which the patent will expire. (ii) Type of patent, i.e., drug, drug product, or method of use. (iii) Name of the patent owner. (iv) If the patent owner or applicant does not reside or have a place of business within the United States, the name of an agent (representative) of the patent owner or applicant who resides or maintains a place of business within the United States authorized to receive notice of patent certification under section 505(b)(3) and (j)(2)(B) of the act and §§ 314.52 and 314.95. (2) Formulation, composition, or method of use patents—(i) Original declaration. For each formulation, composition, or method of use patent, in addition to the patent information described in paragraph (c)(1) of this section the applicant shall submit the following declaration: The undersigned declares that Patent No. ____ covers the formulation, composition, and/or method of use of (name of drug product). This product is (currently approved under section 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act) [or] (the subject of this application for which approval is being sought): (ii) Amendment of patent information upon approval. Within 30 days after the date of approval of its application, if the application contained a declaration required under paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section, the applicant shall by letter amend the declaration to identify each patent that claims the formulation, composition, or the specific indications or other conditions of use that have been approved. (3) No relevant patents. If the applicant believes that there are no patents which claim the drug or the drug product or which claim a method of using the drug product and with respect to which a claim of patent infringement could reasonably be asserted if a person not licensed by the owner of the patent engaged in the manufacture, use, or sale of the drug product, it shall so declare. (4) Authorized signature. The declarations required by this section shall be signed by the applicant or patent owner, or the applicant's or patent owner's attorney, agent (representative), or other authorized official. (d) When and where to submit patent information—(1) Original application. An applicant shall submit with its original application submitted under this part, including an application described in section 505(b)(2) of the act, the information described in paragraph (c) of this section on each drug (ingredient), drug product (formulation and composition), and method of use patent issued before the application is filed with FDA and for which patent information is required to be submitted under this section. If a patent is issued after the application is filed with FDA but before the application is approved, the applicant shall, within 30 days of the date of issuance of the patent, submit the required patent information in an amendment to the application under § 314.60. (2) Supplements. (i) An applicant shall submit patent information required under paragraph (c) of this section for a patent that claims the drug, drug product, or method of use for which approval is sought in any of the following supplements: (A) To change the formulation; (B) To add a new indication or other condition of use, including a change in route of administration; (C) To change the strength; (D) To make any other patented change regarding the drug, drug product, or any method of use. (ii) If the applicant submits a supplement for one of the changes listed under paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section and existing patents for which information has already been submitted to FDA claim the changed product, the applicant shall submit a certification with the supplement identifying the patents that claim the changed product. (iii) If the applicant submits a supplement for one of the changes listed under paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section and no patents, including previously submitted patents, claim the changed product, it shall so certify. (iv) The applicant shall comply with the requirements for amendment of formulation or composition and method of use patent information under paragraphs (c)(2)(ii) and (d)(3) of this section. (3) Patent information deadline. If a patent is issued for a drug, drug product, or method of use after an application is approved, the applicant shall submit to FDA the required patent information within 30 days of the date of issuance of the patent. (4) Copies. The applicant shall submit two copies of each submission of patent information, an archival copy and a copy for the chemistry, manufacturing, and controls section of the review copy, to the Central Document Room, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Park Bldg., rm. 2-14, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857. The applicant shall submit the patent information by letter separate from, but at the same time as, submission of the supplement. (5) Submission date. Patent information shall be considered to be submitted to FDA as of the date the information is received by the Central Document Room. (6) Identification. Each submission of patent information, except information submitted with an original application, and its mailing cover shall bear prominent identification as to its contents, i.e., “Patent Information,” or, if submitted after approval of an application, “Time Sensitive Patent Information.” (e) Public disclosure of patent information. FDA will publish in the list the patent number and expiration date of each patent that is required to be, and is, submitted to FDA by an applicant, and for each use patent, the approved indications or other conditions of use covered by a patent. FDA will publish such patent information upon approval of the application, or, if the patent information is submitted by the applicant after approval of an application as provided under paragraph (d)(2) of this section, as soon as possible after the submission to the agency of the patent information. Patent information submitted by the last working day of a month will be published in that month's supplement to the list. Patent information received by the agency between monthly publication of supplements to the list will be placed on public display in FDA's Freedom of Information Staff. A request for copies of the file shall be sent in writing to the Freedom of Information Staff (HFI-35), Food and Drug Administration, rm. 12A-16, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. (f) Correction of patent information errors. If any person disputes the accuracy or relevance of patent information submitted to the agency under this section and published by FDA in the list, or believes that an applicant has failed to submit required patent information, that person must first notify the agency in writing stating the grounds for disagreement. Such notification should be directed to the Drug Information Services Branch (HFD-84), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. The agency will then request of the applicable new drug application holder that the correctness of the patent information or omission of patent information be confirmed. Unless the application holder withdraws or amends its patent information in response to FDA's request, the agency will not change the patent information in the list. If the new drug application holder does not change the patent information submitted to FDA, a 505(b)(2) application or an abbreviated new drug application under section 505(j) of the act submitted for a drug that is claimed by a patent for which information has been submitted must, despite any disagreement as to the correctness of the patent information, contain an appropriate certification for each listed patent.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Who must submit patent information. This section applies to any applicant who submits to FDA a new drug application or an amendment to it under section 505(b) of the act and § 314.50 or a supplement to an approved application under § 314.70, except as provided in paragraph (d)(2) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Patents for which information must be submitted. An applicant described in paragraph (a) of this section shall submit information on each patent that claims the drug or a method of using the drug that is the subject of the new drug application or amendment or supplement to it and with respect to which a claim of patent infringement could reasonably be asserted if a person not licensed by the owner of the patent engaged in the manufacture, use, or sale of the drug product. For purposes of this part, such patents consist of drug substance (ingredient) patents, drug product (formulation and composition) patents, and method of use patents. Process patents are not covered by this section and information on process patents may not be submitted to FDA. For patents that claim a drug substance or drug product, the applicant shall submit information only on those patents that claim a drug product that is the subject of a pending or approved application, or that claim a drug substance that is a c", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Reporting requirements—(1) General requirements. An applicant described in paragraph (a) of this section shall submit the following information for each patent described in paragraph (b) of this section:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Patent number and the date on which the patent will expire.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Type of patent, i.e., drug, drug product, or method of use.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Name of the patent owner.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "If the patent owner or applicant does not reside or have a place of business within the United States, the name of an agent (representative) of the patent owner or applicant who resides or maintains a place of business within the United States authorized to receive notice of patent certification under section 505(b)(3) and (j)(2)(B) of the act and §§ 314.52 and 314.95.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Formulation, composition, or method of use patents—(i) Original declaration. For each formulation, composition, or method of use patent, in addition to the patent information described in paragraph (c)(1) of this section the applicant shall submit the following declaration:", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Amendment of patent information upon approval. Within 30 days after the date of approval of its application, if the application contained a declaration required under paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section, the applicant shall by letter amend the declaration to identify each patent that claims the formulation, composition, or the specific indications or other conditions of use that have been approved.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "No relevant patents. If the applicant believes that there are no patents which claim the drug or the drug product or which claim a method of using the drug product and with respect to which a claim of patent infringement could reasonably be asserted if a person not licensed by the owner of the patent engaged in the manufacture, use, or sale of the drug product, it shall so declare.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Authorized signature. The declarations required by this section shall be signed by the applicant or patent owner, or the applicant's or patent owner's attorney, agent (representative), or other authorized official.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "When and where to submit patent information—(1) Original application. An applicant shall submit with its original application submitted under this part, including an application described in section 505(b)(2) of the act, the information described in paragraph (c) of this section on each drug (ingredient), drug product (formulation and composition), and method of use patent issued before the application is filed with FDA and for which patent information is required to be submitted under this section. If a patent is issued after the application is filed with FDA but before the application is approved, the applicant shall, within 30 days of the date of issuance of the patent, submit the required patent information in an amendment to the application under § 314.60.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Supplements. (i) An applicant shall submit patent information required under paragraph (c) of this section for a patent that claims the drug, drug product, or method of use for which approval is sought in any of the following supplements:", "source": null}, {"label": "(A)", "text": "To change the formulation;", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "To add a new indication or other condition of use, including a change in route of administration;", "source": null}, {"label": "(C)", "text": "To change the strength;", "source": null}, {"label": "(D)", "text": "To make any other patented change regarding the drug, drug product, or any method of use.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "If the applicant submits a supplement for one of the changes listed under paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section and existing patents for which information has already been submitted to FDA claim the changed product, the applicant shall submit a certification with the supplement identifying the patents that claim the changed product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "If the applicant submits a supplement for one of the changes listed under paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section and no patents, including previously submitted patents, claim the changed product, it shall so certify.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "The applicant shall comply with the requirements for amendment of formulation or composition and method of use patent information under paragraphs (c)(2)(ii) and (d)(3) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Patent information deadline. If a patent is issued for a drug, drug product, or method of use after an application is approved, the applicant shall submit to FDA the required patent information within 30 days of the date of issuance of the patent.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Copies. The applicant shall submit two copies of each submission of patent information, an archival copy and a copy for the chemistry, manufacturing, and controls section of the review copy, to the Central Document Room, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Park Bldg., rm. 2-14, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857. The applicant shall submit the patent information by letter separate from, but at the same time as, submission of the supplement.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "Submission date. Patent information shall be considered to be submitted to FDA as of the date the information is received by the Central Document Room.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "Identification. Each submission of patent information, except information submitted with an original application, and its mailing cover shall bear prominent identification as to its contents, i.e., “Patent Information,” or, if submitted after approval of an application, “Time Sensitive Patent Information.”", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Public disclosure of patent information. FDA will publish in the list the patent number and expiration date of each patent that is required to be, and is, submitted to FDA by an applicant, and for each use patent, the approved indications or other conditions of use covered by a patent. FDA will publish such patent information upon approval of the application, or, if the patent information is submitted by the applicant after approval of an application as provided under paragraph (d)(2) of this section, as soon as possible after the submission to the agency of the patent information. Patent information submitted by the last working day of a month will be published in that month's supplement to the list. Patent information received by the agency between monthly publication of supplements to the list will be placed on public display in FDA's Freedom of Information Staff. A request for copies of the file shall be sent in writing to the Freedom of Information Staff (HFI-35), Food and Drug Ad", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "Correction of patent information errors. If any person disputes the accuracy or relevance of patent information submitted to the agency under this section and published by FDA in the list, or believes that an applicant has failed to submit required patent information, that person must first notify the agency in writing stating the grounds for disagreement. Such notification should be directed to the Drug Information Services Branch (HFD-84), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. The agency will then request of the applicable new drug application holder that the correctness of the patent information or omission of patent information be confirmed. Unless the application holder withdraws or amends its patent information in response to FDA's request, the agency will not change the patent information in the list. If the new drug application holder does not change the patent information submitted to FDA, a 505(b)(2) app", "source": null}]		§ 314.50; § 314.52; § 314.60.; § 314.70	[59 FR 50363, Oct. 3, 1994]	Oct. 3, 1994	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		30 days	False	True	30 days; within 30 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.53
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart B	Applications	314.54	Procedure for submission of an application requiring investigations for approval of a new indication for, or other change from, a listed drug.	(a) The act does not permit approval of an abbreviated new drug application for a new indication, nor does it permit approval of other changes in a listed drug if investigations, other than bioavailability or bioequivalence studies, are essential to the approval of the change. Any person seeking approval of a drug product that represents a modification of a listed drug (e.g., a new indication or new dosage form) and for which investigations, other than bioavailability or bioequivalence studies, are essential to the approval of the changes may, except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, submit a 505(b)(2) application. This application need contain only that information needed to support the modification(s) of the listed drug. (1) The applicant shall submit a complete archival copy of the application that contains the following: (i) The information required under § 314.50(a), (b), (c), (d)(1), (d)(3), (e), and (g), except that § 314.50(d)(1)(ii)(c) shall contain the proposed or actual master production record, including a description of the equipment, to be used for the manufacture of a commercial lot of the drug product. (ii) The information required under § 314.50 (d)(2), (d)(4) (if an anti-infective drug), (d)(5), (d)(6), and (f) as needed to support the safety and effectiveness of the drug product. (iii) Identification of the listed drug for which FDA has made a finding of safety and effectiveness and on which finding the applicant relies in seeking approval of its proposed drug product by established name, if any, proprietary name, dosage form, strength, route of administration, name of listed drug's application holder, and listed drug's approved application number. (iv) If the applicant is seeking approval only for a new indication and not for the indications approved for the listed drug on which the applicant relies, a certification so stating. (v) Any patent information required under section 505(b)(1) of the act with respect to any patent which claims the drug for which approval is sought or a method of using such drug and to which a claim of patent infringement could reasonably be asserted if a person not licensed by the owner of the patent engaged in the manufacture, use, or sale of the drug product. (vi) Any patent certification or statement required under section 505(b)(2) of the act with respect to any relevant patents that claim the listed drug or that claim any other drugs on which investigations relied on by the applicant for approval of the application were conducted, or that claim a use for the listed or other drug. (vii) If the applicant believes the change for which it is seeking approval is entitled to a period of exclusivity, the information required under § 314.50(j). (2) The applicant shall submit a review copy that contains the technical sections described in § 314.50(d)(1), except that § 314.50(d)(1)(ii)(c) shall contain the proposed or actual master production record, including a description of the equipment, to be used for the manufacture of a commercial lot of the drug product, and paragraph (d)(3), and the technical sections described in paragraphs (d)(2), (d)(4), (d)(5), (d)(6), and (f) when needed to support the modification. Each of the technical sections in the review copy is required to be separately bound with a copy of the information required under § 314.50 (a), (b), and (c) and a copy of the proposed labeling. (3) The information required by § 314.50 (d)(2), (d)(4) (if an anti-infective drug), (d)(5), (d)(6), and (f) for the listed drug on which the applicant relies shall be satisfied by reference to the listed drug under paragraph (a)(1)(iii) of this section. (4) The applicant shall submit a field copy of the application that contains the technical section described in § 314.50(d)(1), a copy of the information required under § 314.50(a) and (c), and certification that the field copy is a true copy of the technical section described in § 314.50(d)(1) contained in the archival and review copies of the application. (b) An application may not be submitted under this section for a drug product whose only difference from the reference listed drug is that: (1) The extent to which its active ingredient(s) is absorbed or otherwise made available to the site of action is less than that of the reference listed drug; or (2) The rate at which its active ingredient(s) is absorbed or otherwise made available to the site of action is unintentionally less than that of the reference listed drug.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The act does not permit approval of an abbreviated new drug application for a new indication, nor does it permit approval of other changes in a listed drug if investigations, other than bioavailability or bioequivalence studies, are essential to the approval of the change. Any person seeking approval of a drug product that represents a modification of a listed drug (e.g., a new indication or new dosage form) and for which investigations, other than bioavailability or bioequivalence studies, are essential to the approval of the changes may, except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, submit a 505(b)(2) application. This application need contain only that information needed to support the modification(s) of the listed drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The applicant shall submit a complete archival copy of the application that contains the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The information required under § 314.50(a), (b), (c), (d)(1), (d)(3), (e), and (g), except that § 314.50(d)(1)(ii)(c) shall contain the proposed or actual master production record, including a description of the equipment, to be used for the manufacture of a commercial lot of the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "The information required under § 314.50 (d)(2), (d)(4) (if an anti-infective drug), (d)(5), (d)(6), and (f) as needed to support the safety and effectiveness of the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Identification of the listed drug for which FDA has made a finding of safety and effectiveness and on which finding the applicant relies in seeking approval of its proposed drug product by established name, if any, proprietary name, dosage form, strength, route of administration, name of listed drug's application holder, and listed drug's approved application number.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "If the applicant is seeking approval only for a new indication and not for the indications approved for the listed drug on which the applicant relies, a certification so stating.", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "Any patent information required under section 505(b)(1) of the act with respect to any patent which claims the drug for which approval is sought or a method of using such drug and to which a claim of patent infringement could reasonably be asserted if a person not licensed by the owner of the patent engaged in the manufacture, use, or sale of the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(vi)", "text": "Any patent certification or statement required under section 505(b)(2) of the act with respect to any relevant patents that claim the listed drug or that claim any other drugs on which investigations relied on by the applicant for approval of the application were conducted, or that claim a use for the listed or other drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(vii)", "text": "If the applicant believes the change for which it is seeking approval is entitled to a period of exclusivity, the information required under § 314.50(j).", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The applicant shall submit a review copy that contains the technical sections described in § 314.50(d)(1), except that § 314.50(d)(1)(ii)(c) shall contain the proposed or actual master production record, including a description of the equipment, to be used for the manufacture of a commercial lot of the drug product, and paragraph (d)(3), and the technical sections described in paragraphs (d)(2), (d)(4), (d)(5), (d)(6), and (f) when needed to support the modification. Each of the technical sections in the review copy is required to be separately bound with a copy of the information required under § 314.50 (a), (b), and (c) and a copy of the proposed labeling.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The information required by § 314.50 (d)(2), (d)(4) (if an anti-infective drug), (d)(5), (d)(6), and (f) for the listed drug on which the applicant relies shall be satisfied by reference to the listed drug under paragraph (a)(1)(iii) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The applicant shall submit a field copy of the application that contains the technical section described in § 314.50(d)(1), a copy of the information required under § 314.50(a) and (c), and certification that the field copy is a true copy of the technical section described in § 314.50(d)(1) contained in the archival and review copies of the application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "An application may not be submitted under this section for a drug product whose only difference from the reference listed drug is that:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The extent to which its active ingredient(s) is absorbed or otherwise made available to the site of action is less than that of the reference listed drug; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The rate at which its active ingredient(s) is absorbed or otherwise made available to the site of action is unintentionally less than that of the reference listed drug.", "source": null}]		§ 314.50	[57 FR 17982, Apr. 28, 1992; 57 FR 61612, Dec. 28, 1992, as amended at 58 FR 47351, Sept. 8, 1993; 59 FR 50364, Oct. 3, 1994]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.54
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart B	Applications	314.60	Amendments to an unapproved application.	(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the applicant may submit an amendment to an application that is filed under § 314.100, but not yet approved. The submission of a major amendment (for example, an amendment that contains significant new data from a previously unreported study or detailed newnalyses of previously submitted data), whether on the applicant's own initiative or at the invitation of the agency, constitutes an agreement by the applicant under section 505(c) of the act to extend the date by which the agency is required to reach a decision on the application. Ordinarily, the agency will extend the review period for a major amendment but only for the time necessary to review the new information. However, the agency may not extend the review period more than 180 days. If the agency extends the review period for the application, the director of the division responsible for reviewing the application will notify the applicant of the length of the extension. The submission of an amendment that is not a major amendment will not extend the review period. (b)(1) An unapproved application may not be amended if all of the following conditions apply: (i) The unapproved application is for a drug for which a previous application has been approved and granted a period of exclusivity in accordance with section 505(c)(3)(D)(ii) of the act that has not expired; (ii) The applicant seeks to amend the unapproved application to include a published report of an investigation that was conducted or sponsored by the applicant entitled to exclusivity for the drug; (iii) The applicant has not obtained a right of reference to the investigation described in paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section; and (iv) The report of the investigation described in paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section would be essential to the approval of the unapproved application. (2) The submission of an amendment described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section will cause the unapproved application to be deemed to be withdrawn by the applicant under § 314.65 on the date of receipt by FDA of the amendment. The amendment will be considered a resubmission of the application, which may not be accepted except as provided in accordance with section 505(c)(3)(D)(ii) of the act. (c) The applicant shall submit a field copy of each amendment to § 314.50(d)(1). The applicant, other than a foreign applicant, shall include in its submission of each such amendment to FDA a statement certifying that a field copy of the amendment has been sent to the applicant's home FDA district office.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the applicant may submit an amendment to an application that is filed under § 314.100, but not yet approved. The submission of a major amendment (for example, an amendment that contains significant new data from a previously unreported study or detailed newnalyses of previously submitted data), whether on the applicant's own initiative or at the invitation of the agency, constitutes an agreement by the applicant under section 505(c) of the act to extend the date by which the agency is required to reach a decision on the application. Ordinarily, the agency will extend the review period for a major amendment but only for the time necessary to review the new information. However, the agency may not extend the review period more than 180 days. If the agency extends the review period for the application, the director of the division responsible for reviewing the application will notify the applicant of the length of the extension. The sub", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The unapproved application is for a drug for which a previous application has been approved and granted a period of exclusivity in accordance with section 505(c)(3)(D)(ii) of the act that has not expired;", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "The applicant seeks to amend the unapproved application to include a published report of an investigation that was conducted or sponsored by the applicant entitled to exclusivity for the drug;", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "The applicant has not obtained a right of reference to the investigation described in paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "The report of the investigation described in paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section would be essential to the approval of the unapproved application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The submission of an amendment described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section will cause the unapproved application to be deemed to be withdrawn by the applicant under § 314.65 on the date of receipt by FDA of the amendment. The amendment will be considered a resubmission of the application, which may not be accepted except as provided in accordance with section 505(c)(3)(D)(ii) of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "The applicant shall submit a field copy of each amendment to § 314.50(d)(1). The applicant, other than a foreign applicant, shall include in its submission of each such amendment to FDA a statement certifying that a field copy of the amendment has been sent to the applicant's home FDA district office.", "source": null}]		§ 314.50; § 314.100; § 314.65	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985, as amended at 57 FR 17983, Apr. 28, 1992; 58 FR 47352, Sept. 8, 1993]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		180 days	False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.60
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart B	Applications	314.65	Withdrawal by the applicant of an unapproved application.	An applicant may at any time withdraw an application that is not yet approved by notifying the Food and Drug Administration in writing. The agency will consider an applicant's failure to respond within 10 days to an approvable letter under § 314.110 or a not approvable letter under § 314.120 to be a request by the applicant to withdraw the application. A decision to withdraw the application is without prejudice to refiling. The agency will retain the application and will provide a copy to the applicant on request under the fee schedule in § 20.42 of FDA's public information regulations.	regulation			§ 314.110; § 20.42; § 314.120			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		10 days	False	True	within 10 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.65
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart B	Applications	314.70	Supplements and other changes to an approved application.	(a) Changes to an approved application. The applicant shall notify FDA about each change in each condition established in an approved application beyond the variations already provided for in the application. The notice is required to describe the change fully. Depending on the type of change, the applicant shall notify FDA about it in a supplemental application under paragraph (b) or (c) of this section or by inclusion of the information in the annual report to the application under paragraph (d) of this section. Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, an applicant shall make a change provided for in those paragraphs (for example, the deletion of an ingredient common to many drug products) in accordance with a guideline, notice, or regulation published in the Federal Register that provides for a less burdensome notification of the change (for example, by notification at the time a supplement is submitted or in the next annual report). Except for a supplemental application providing for a change in the labeling, the applicant, other than a foreign applicant, shall include in each supplemental application providing for a change under paragraph (b) or (c) of this section a statement certifying that a field copy of the supplement has been provided to the applicant's home FDA district office. (b) Supplements requiring FDA approval before the change is made. An applicant shall submit a supplement, and obtain FDA approval of it, before making the changes listed below in the conditions in an approved application, unless the change is made to comply with an official compendium. An applicant may ask FDA to expedite its review of a supplement if a delay in making the change described in it would impose an extraordinary hardship on the applicant. Such a supplement and its mailing cover should be plainly marked: “Supplement—Expedited Review Requested.” (1) Drug substance. A change affecting the drug substance to accomplish any of the following: (i) To relax the limits for a specification; (ii) To establish a new regulatory analytical method; (iii) To delete a specification or regulatory analytical method; (iv) To change the synthesis of the drug substance, including a change in solvents and a change in the route of synthesis. (v) To use a different facility or establishment to manufacture the drug substance, where: (a) the manufacturing process in the new facility or establishment differs materially from that in the former facility or establishment, or (b) the new facility or establishment has not received a satisfactory current good manufacturing practice (CGMP) inspection within the previous 2 years covering that manufacturing process. (2) Drug product. A change affecting the drug product to accomplish any of the following: (i) To add or delete an ingredient, or otherwise to change the composition of the drug product, other than deletion of an ingredient intended only to affect the color of the drug product; (ii) To relax the limits for a specification; (iii) To establish a new regulatory analytical method; (iv) To delete a specification or regulatory analytical method; (v) To change the method of manufacture of the drug product, including changing or relaxing an in-process control; (vi) To use a different facility or establishment, including a different contract laboratory or labeler, to manufacture, process, or pack the drug product; (vii) To change the container and closure system for the drug product (for example, glass to high density polyethylene (HDPE), or HDPE to polyvinyl chloride) or change a specification or regulatory analytical method for the container and closure system; (viii) To change the size of the container, except for solid dosage forms, without a change in the container and closure system. (ix) To extend the expiration date of the drug product based on data obtained under a new or revised stability testing protocol that has not been approved in the application. (x) To establish a new procedure for reprocessing a batch of the drug product that fails to meet specifications. (xi) To add a code imprint by printing with ink on a solid oral dosage form drug product. (xii) To add a code imprint by embossing, debossing, or engraving on a modified release solid oral dosage form drug product. (3) Labeling. Any change in labeling, except one described in paragraph (c)(2) or (d) of this section. (c) Supplements for changes that may be made before FDA approval. An applicant shall submit a supplement at the time the applicant makes any kind of change listed below in the conditions in an approved application, unless the change is made to comply with an official compendium. A supplement under this paragraph is required to give a full explanation of the basis for the change, identify the date on which the change is made, and, if the change concerns labeling, include 12 copies of final printed labeling. The applicant shall promptly revise all promotional labeling and drug advertising to make it consistent with any change in the labeling. The supplement and its mailing cover should be plainly marked: “Special Supplement—Changes Being Effected.” (1) Adds a new specification or test method or changes in the methods, facilities (except a change to a new facility), or controls to provide increased assurance that the drug will have the characteristics of identity, strength, quality, and purity which it purports or is represented to possess; (2) Changes labeling to accomplish any of the following: (i) To add or strengthen a contraindication, warning, precaution, or adverse reaction; (ii) To add or strengthen a statement about drug abuse, dependence, or overdosage; or (iii) To add or strengthen an instruction about dosage and administration that is intended to increase the safe use of the product. (iv) To delete false, misleading, or unsupported indications for use or claims for effectiveness. (3) To use a different facility or establishment to manufacture the drug substance, where: (i) The manufacturing process in the new facility or establishment does not differ materially from that in the former facility or establishment, and (ii) the new facility or establishment has received a satisfactory current good manufacturing practice (CGMP) inspection within the previous 2 years covering that manufacturing process. (d) Changes described in the annual report. An applicant shall not submit a supplement to make any change in the conditions in an approved application, unless otherwise required under paragraph (b) or (c) of this section, but shall describe the change in the next annual report required under § 314.81. Some examples of changes that can be described in the annual report are the following: (1) Any change made to comply with an official compendium. (2) A change in the labeling concerning the description of the drug product or in the information about how the drug product is supplied, that does not involve a change in the dosage strength or dosage form. (3) An editorial or similar minor change in labeling. (4) The deletion of an ingredient intended only to affect the color of the drug product. (5) An extension of the expiration date based upon full shelf-life data obtained from a protocol approved in the application. (6) A change within the container and closure system for the drug product (for example, a change from one high density polyethylene (HDPE) to another HDPE), except a change in container size for nonsolid dosage forms, based upon a showing of equivalency to the approved system under a protocol approved in the application or published in an official compendium. (7) The addition or deletion of an alternate analytical method. (8) A change in the size of a container for a solid dosage form, without a change from one container and closure system to another. (9) The addition by embossing, debossing, or engraving of a code imprint to a solid oral dosage form drug product other than a modified release dosage form, or a minor change in an existing code imprint. (e) Patent information. The applicant shall comply with the patent information requirements under section 505(c)(2) of the act. (f) Claimed exclusivity. If an applicant claims exclusivity under § 314.108 upon approval of a supplemental application for a change to its previously approved drug product, the applicant shall include with its supplemental application the information required under § 314.50(j). (Collection of information requirements approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0910-0001)	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Changes to an approved application. The applicant shall notify FDA about each change in each condition established in an approved application beyond the variations already provided for in the application. The notice is required to describe the change fully. Depending on the type of change, the applicant shall notify FDA about it in a supplemental application under paragraph (b) or (c) of this section or by inclusion of the information in the annual report to the application under paragraph (d) of this section. Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, an applicant shall make a change provided for in those paragraphs (for example, the deletion of an ingredient common to many drug products) in accordance with a guideline, notice, or regulation published in the Federal Register that provides for a less burdensome notification of the change (for example, by notification at the time a supplement is submitted or in the next annual report). Except for a suppl", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Supplements requiring FDA approval before the change is made. An applicant shall submit a supplement, and obtain FDA approval of it, before making the changes listed below in the conditions in an approved application, unless the change is made to comply with an official compendium. An applicant may ask FDA to expedite its review of a supplement if a delay in making the change described in it would impose an extraordinary hardship on the applicant. Such a supplement and its mailing cover should be plainly marked: “Supplement—Expedited Review Requested.”", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Drug substance. A change affecting the drug substance to accomplish any of the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "To relax the limits for a specification;", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "To establish a new regulatory analytical method;", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "To delete a specification or regulatory analytical method;", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "To change the synthesis of the drug substance, including a change in solvents and a change in the route of synthesis.", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "To use a different facility or establishment to manufacture the drug substance, where: (a) the manufacturing process in the new facility or establishment differs materially from that in the former facility or establishment, or (b) the new facility or establishment has not received a satisfactory current good manufacturing practice (CGMP) inspection within the previous 2 years covering that manufacturing process.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Drug product. A change affecting the drug product to accomplish any of the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "To add or delete an ingredient, or otherwise to change the composition of the drug product, other than deletion of an ingredient intended only to affect the color of the drug product;", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "To relax the limits for a specification;", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "To establish a new regulatory analytical method;", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "To delete a specification or regulatory analytical method;", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "To change the method of manufacture of the drug product, including changing or relaxing an in-process control;", "source": null}, {"label": "(vi)", "text": "To use a different facility or establishment, including a different contract laboratory or labeler, to manufacture, process, or pack the drug product;", "source": null}, {"label": "(vii)", "text": "To change the container and closure system for the drug product (for example, glass to high density polyethylene (HDPE), or HDPE to polyvinyl chloride) or change a specification or regulatory analytical method for the container and closure system;", "source": null}, {"label": "(viii)", "text": "To change the size of the container, except for solid dosage forms, without a change in the container and closure system.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ix)", "text": "To extend the expiration date of the drug product based on data obtained under a new or revised stability testing protocol that has not been approved in the application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(x)", "text": "To establish a new procedure for reprocessing a batch of the drug product that fails to meet specifications.", "source": null}, {"label": "(xi)", "text": "To add a code imprint by printing with ink on a solid oral dosage form drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(xii)", "text": "To add a code imprint by embossing, debossing, or engraving on a modified release solid oral dosage form drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Labeling. Any change in labeling, except one described in paragraph (c)(2) or (d) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Supplements for changes that may be made before FDA approval. An applicant shall submit a supplement at the time the applicant makes any kind of change listed below in the conditions in an approved application, unless the change is made to comply with an official compendium. A supplement under this paragraph is required to give a full explanation of the basis for the change, identify the date on which the change is made, and, if the change concerns labeling, include 12 copies of final printed labeling. The applicant shall promptly revise all promotional labeling and drug advertising to make it consistent with any change in the labeling. The supplement and its mailing cover should be plainly marked: “Special Supplement—Changes Being Effected.”", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Adds a new specification or test method or changes in the methods, facilities (except a change to a new facility), or controls to provide increased assurance that the drug will have the characteristics of identity, strength, quality, and purity which it purports or is represented to possess;", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Changes labeling to accomplish any of the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "To add or strengthen a contraindication, warning, precaution, or adverse reaction;", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "To add or strengthen a statement about drug abuse, dependence, or overdosage; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "To add or strengthen an instruction about dosage and administration that is intended to increase the safe use of the product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "To delete false, misleading, or unsupported indications for use or claims for effectiveness.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "To use a different facility or establishment to manufacture the drug substance, where: (i) The manufacturing process in the new facility or establishment does not differ materially from that in the former facility or establishment, and (ii) the new facility or establishment has received a satisfactory current good manufacturing practice (CGMP) inspection within the previous 2 years covering that manufacturing process.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Changes described in the annual report. An applicant shall not submit a supplement to make any change in the conditions in an approved application, unless otherwise required under paragraph (b) or (c) of this section, but shall describe the change in the next annual report required under § 314.81. Some examples of changes that can be described in the annual report are the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Any change made to comply with an official compendium.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "A change in the labeling concerning the description of the drug product or in the information about how the drug product is supplied, that does not involve a change in the dosage strength or dosage form.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "An editorial or similar minor change in labeling.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The deletion of an ingredient intended only to affect the color of the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "An extension of the expiration date based upon full shelf-life data obtained from a protocol approved in the application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "A change within the container and closure system for the drug product (for example, a change from one high density polyethylene (HDPE) to another HDPE), except a change in container size for nonsolid dosage forms, based upon a showing of equivalency to the approved system under a protocol approved in the application or published in an official compendium.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "The addition or deletion of an alternate analytical method.", "source": null}, {"label": "(8)", "text": "A change in the size of a container for a solid dosage form, without a change from one container and closure system to another.", "source": null}, {"label": "(9)", "text": "The addition by embossing, debossing, or engraving of a code imprint to a solid oral dosage form drug product other than a modified release dosage form, or a minor change in an existing code imprint.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Patent information. The applicant shall comply with the patent information requirements under section 505(c)(2) of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "Claimed exclusivity. If an applicant claims exclusivity under § 314.108 upon approval of a supplemental application for a change to its previously approved drug product, the applicant shall include with its supplemental application the information required under § 314.50(j).", "source": null}]		§ 314.81.; § 314.50; § 314.108	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985; 50 FR 14212, Apr. 11, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 21238, May 23, 1985; 57 FR 17983, Apr. 28, 1992; 58 FR 47352, Sept. 8, 1993; 58 FR 47959, Sept. 13, 1993; 59 FR 50364, Oct. 3, 1994]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		2 years	False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.70
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart B	Applications	314.71	Procedures for submission of a supplement to an approved application.	(a) Only the applicant may submit a supplement to an application. (b) All procedures and actions that apply to an application under § 314.50 also apply to supplements, except that the information required in the supplement is limited to that needed to support the change. A supplement is required to contain an archival copy and a review copy that include an application form and appropriate technical sections, samples, and labeling; except that a supplement for a change other than a change in labeling is required also to contain a field copy. (c) All procedures and actions that apply to applications under this part, including actions by applicants and the Food and Drug Administration, also apply to supplements. (Collection of information requirements approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0910-0001)	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Only the applicant may submit a supplement to an application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "All procedures and actions that apply to an application under § 314.50 also apply to supplements, except that the information required in the supplement is limited to that needed to support the change. A supplement is required to contain an archival copy and a review copy that include an application form and appropriate technical sections, samples, and labeling; except that a supplement for a change other than a change in labeling is required also to contain a field copy.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "All procedures and actions that apply to applications under this part, including actions by applicants and the Food and Drug Administration, also apply to supplements.", "source": null}]		§ 314.50	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 21238, May 23, 1985; 58 FR 47352, Sept. 8, 1993]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.71
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart B	Applications	314.72	Change in ownership of an application.	(a) An applicant may transfer ownership of its application. At the time of transfer the new and former owners are required to submit information to the Food and Drug Administration as follows: (1) The former owner shall submit a letter or other document that states that all rights to the application have been transferred to the new owner. (2) The new owner shall submit an application form signed by the new owner and a letter or other document containing the following: (i) The new owner's commitment to agreements, promises, and conditions made by the former owner and contained in the application; (ii) The date that the change in ownership is effective; and (iii) Either a statement that the new owner has a complete copy of the approved application, including supplements and records that are required to be kept under § 314.81, or a request for a copy of the application from FDA's files. FDA will provide a copy of the application to the new owner under the fee schedule in § 20.42 of FDA's public information regulations. (b) The new owner shall advise FDA about any change in the conditions in the approved application under § 314.70, except the new owner may advise FDA in the next annual report about a change in the drug product's label or labeling to change the product's brand or the name of its manufacturer, packer, or distributor. (Collection of information requirements approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0910-0001)	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "An applicant may transfer ownership of its application. At the time of transfer the new and former owners are required to submit information to the Food and Drug Administration as follows:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The former owner shall submit a letter or other document that states that all rights to the application have been transferred to the new owner.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The new owner shall submit an application form signed by the new owner and a letter or other document containing the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The new owner's commitment to agreements, promises, and conditions made by the former owner and contained in the application;", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "The date that the change in ownership is effective; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Either a statement that the new owner has a complete copy of the approved application, including supplements and records that are required to be kept under § 314.81, or a request for a copy of the application from FDA's files. FDA will provide a copy of the application to the new owner under the fee schedule in § 20.42 of FDA's public information regulations.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The new owner shall advise FDA about any change in the conditions in the approved application under § 314.70, except the new owner may advise FDA in the next annual report about a change in the drug product's label or labeling to change the product's brand or the name of its manufacturer, packer, or distributor.", "source": null}]		§ 20.42; § 314.81; § 314.70	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985; 50 FR 14212, Apr. 11, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 21238, May 23, 1985]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.72
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart B	Applications	314.80	Postmarketing reporting of adverse drug experiences.	(a) Definitions. The following definitions of terms apply to this section: Adverse drug experience means any adverse event associated with the use of a drug in humans, whether or not considered drug related, including the following: an adverse event occurring in the course of the use of a drug product in professional practice; an adverse event occurring from drug overdose, whether accidental or intentional; an adverse event occurring from drug abuse; an adverse event occurring from drug withdrawal; and any failure of expected pharmacological action. Increased frequency means an increase in the rate of occurrence of a particular adverse drug experience, e.g., an increased number of reports of a particular adverse drug experience after appropriate adjustment for drug exposure. Serious means an adverse drug experience that is fatal or life-threatening, is permanently disabling, requires inpatient hospitalization, or is a congenital anomaly, cancer, or overdose. Unexpected means an adverse drug experience that is not listed in the current labeling for the drug and includes an event that may be symptomatically and pathophysiologically related to an event listed in the labeling, but differs from the event because of greater severity or specificity. For example, under this definition, hepatic necrosis would be unexpected (by virtue of greater severity) if the labeling only referred to elevated hepatic enzymes or hepatitis. Similarly, cerebral thromboembolism and cerebral vasculitis would be unexpected (by virtue of greater specificity) if the labeling only listed cerebral vascular accidents. (b) Review of adverse drug experiences. Each applicant having an approved application under § 314.50 or, in the case of a 505(b)(2) application, an effective approved application, shall promptly review all adverse drug experience information obtained or otherwise received by the applicant from any source, foreign or domestic, including information derived from commercial marketing experience, postmarketing clinical investigations, postmarketing epidemiological/surveillance studies, reports in the scientific literature, and unpublished scientific papers. (c) Reporting requirements. The applicant shall report to FDA adverse drug experience information, as described in this section. The applicant shall submit two copies of each report described in this section to the Central Document Room, Park Bldg., Rm. 214, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20852. FDA may waive the requirement for the second copy in appropriate instances. (1) Fifteen-day “Alert reports.” (i) The applicant shall report each adverse drug experience that is both serious and unexpected, regardless of source, as soon as possible but in any case within 15 working days of initial receipt of the information. These reports are required to be submitted on Form FDA-1639 (Adverse Reaction Report). The applicant shall promptly investigate all adverse drug experiences that are the subject of these 15-day Alert reports and shall submit followup reports within 15 working days of receipt of new information or as requested by FDA. If additional information is not obtainable, a followup report may be required that describes briefly the steps taken to seek additional information and the reasons why it could not be obtained. These 15-day Alert reports and followups to them are required to be submitted under separate cover and may not be included, except for summary or tabular purposes, in a periodic report. (ii) The applicant shall review periodically (at least as often as the periodic reporting cycle) the frequency of reports of adverse drug experiences that are both serious and expected and reports of therapeutic failure (lack of effect), regardless of source, and report any significant increase in frequency as soon as possible but in any case within 15 working days of determining that a significant increase in frequency exists. Upon written notice, FDA may require that applicants review the frequency of reports of serious, expected adverse drug experiences at intervals different than the periodic reporting cycle. Reports of a significant increase in frequency are required to be submitted in narrative form (including the time period on which the increased frequency is based, the method of analysis, and the interpretation of the results), rather than using Form FDA-1639. Fifteen-day Alert reports based on increased frequency are required to be submitted under separate cover and may not be included, except for summary purposes, in a periodic report. (iii) The requirements of paragraphs (c)(1) (i) and (ii) of this section, concerning the submission of 15-day alert reports, shall also apply to any person (other than the applicant) whose name appears on the label of an approved drug product as a manufacturer, packer, or distributor. However, in order to avoid unnecessary duplication in the submission to FDA, and followup to, reports required by paragraph (c)(1) (i) and (ii) of this section, obligations of a nonapplicant may be met by submission of all reports of serious adverse drug experiences to the applicant. If a nonapplicant elects to submit adverse drug experience reports to the applicant rather than to FDA, it shall submit each report to the applicant within 3 working days of its receipt by the nonapplicant, and the applicant shall then comply with the requirements of this section. Under this circumstance, the nonapplicant shall maintain a record of this action which shall include: (a) A copy of the drug experience report. (b) Date the report was received by the nonapplicant. (c) Date the report was submitted to the applicant. (d) Name and address of the applicant. (iv) Each report submitted under this paragraph shall bear prominent identification as to its contents, i.e., “15-day Alert report” or “15-day Alert report—followup.” (2) Periodic adverse drug experience reports. (i) The applicant shall report each adverse drug experience not reported under paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section at quarterly intervals, for 3 years from the date of approval of the application, and then at annual intervals. The applicant shall submit each quarterly report within 30 days of the close of the quarter (the first quarter beginning on the date of approval of the application) and each annual report within 60 days of the anniversary date of approval of the application. Upon written notice, FDA may extend or reestablish the requirement that an applicant submit quarterly reports, or require that the applicant submit reports under this section at different times than those stated. For example, the agency may reestablish a quarterly reporting requirement following the approval of a major supplement. Followup information to adverse drug experiences submitted in a periodic report may be submitted in the next periodic report. (ii) Each periodic report is required to contain: (a) a narrative summary and analysis of the information in the report and an analysis of the 15-day Alert reports submitted during the reporting interval (all 15-day Alert reports being appropriately referenced by the applicant's patient identification number, adverse reaction term(s), and date of submission to FDA); (b) a Form FDA-1639 (Adverse Reaction Report) for each adverse drug experience not reported under paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section (with an index consisting of a line listing of the applicant's patient identification number and adverse reaction term(s)); and (c) a history of actions taken since the last report because of adverse drug experiences (for example, labeling changes or studies initiated). (iii) Periodic reporting, except for information regarding 15-day Alert reports, does not apply to adverse drug experience information obtained from postmarketing studies (whether or not conducted under an investigational new drug application), from reports in the scientific literature, and from foreign marketing experience. (d) Scientific literature. (1) A 15-day Alert report based on information from the scientific literature is required to be accompanied by a copy of the published article. The 15-day reporting requirements in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section (i.e., serious, unexpected adverse drug experiences) apply only to reports found in scientific and medical journals either as case reports or as the result of a formal clinical trial. The 15-day reporting requirements in paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section (i.e., a significant increase in frequency of a serious, expected adverse drug experience or of a therapeutic failure) apply only to reports found in scientific and medical journals either as the result of a formal clinical trial, or from epidemiological studies or analyses of experience in a monitored series of patients. (2) As with all reports submitted under paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, reports based on the scientific literature shall be submitted on Form FDA-1639 or comparable format as prescribed by paragraph (f) of this section. In cases where the applicant believes that preparing the Form FDA-1639 constitutes an undue hardship, the applicant may arrange with the Division of Epidemiology and Surveillance for an acceptable alternative reporting format. (e) Postmarketing studies. (1) An applicant is not required to submit a 15-day Alert report under paragraph (c) of this section for an adverse drug experience obtained from a postmarketing study (whether or not conducted under an investigational new drug application) unless the applicant concludes that there is a reasonable possibility that the drug caused the adverse experience. (2) The applicant shall separate and clearly mark reports of adverse drug experiences that occur during a postmarketing study as being distinct from those experiences that are being reported spontaneously to the applicant. (f) Reporting Form FDA-1639. (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (c)(1)(ii) and (f)(3) of this section, the applicant shall complete a Form FDA-1639 (Adverse Reaction Report) for each report of an adverse drug experience. (2) Each completed Form FDA-1639 should refer only to an individual patient or a single attached publication. (3) Instead of using Form FDA-1639, an applicant may use a computer-generated FDA-1639 or other alternative format (e.g., a computer-generated tape or tabular listing) provided that: (i) The content of the alternative format is equivalent in all elements of information to those specified in Form FDA-1639; and (ii) the format is agreed to in advance by the Division of Epidemiology and Surveillance (HFD-730). (4) Single copies of Form FDA-1639 may be obtained from the Division of Epidemiology and Surveillance (HFD-730), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. Supplies of Form FDA-1639 may be obtained from the PHS Forms and Publications Distribution Center, 12100 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857. (g) Multiple reports. An applicant should not include in reports under this section any adverse drug experiences that occurred in clinical trials if they were previously submitted as part of the approved application. If a report applies to a drug for which an applicant holds more than one approved application, the applicant should submit the report to the application that was first approved. If a report refers to more than one drug marketed by an applicant, the applicant should submit the report to the application for the drug listed first in the report. (h) Patient privacy. An applicant should not include in reports under this section the names and addresses of individual patients; instead, the applicant should assign a unique code number to each report, preferably not more than eight characters in length. The applicant should include the name of the reporter from whom the information was received. Names of patients, health care professionals, hospitals, and geographical identifiers in adverse drug experience reports are not releasable to the public under FDA's public information regulations in Part 20. (i) Recordkeeping. The applicant shall maintain for a period of 10 years records of all adverse drug experiences known to the applicant, including raw data and any correspondence relating to adverse drug experiences. (j) Guideline. FDA has prepared under § 10.90(b) a guideline for the submission of reports of adverse drug experiences and suggested followup investigation of reports. (k) Withdrawal of approval. If an applicant fails to establish and maintain records and make reports required under this section, FDA may withdraw approval of the application and, thus, prohibit continued marketing of the drug product that is the subject of the application. (l) Disclaimer. A report or information submitted by an applicant under this section (and any release by FDA of that report or information) does not necessarily reflect a conclusion by the applicant or FDA that the report or information constitutes an admission that the drug caused or contributed to an adverse effect. An applicant need not admit, and may deny, that the report or information submitted under this section constitutes an admission that the drug caused or contributed to an adverse effect. For purposes of this provision, the term “applicant” also includes any person reporting under paragraph (c)(1)(iii) of this section. (Collection of information requirements approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0910-0001)	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Definitions. The following definitions of terms apply to this section:", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Review of adverse drug experiences. Each applicant having an approved application under § 314.50 or, in the case of a 505(b)(2) application, an effective approved application, shall promptly review all adverse drug experience information obtained or otherwise received by the applicant from any source, foreign or domestic, including information derived from commercial marketing experience, postmarketing clinical investigations, postmarketing epidemiological/surveillance studies, reports in the scientific literature, and unpublished scientific papers.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Reporting requirements. The applicant shall report to FDA adverse drug experience information, as described in this section. The applicant shall submit two copies of each report described in this section to the Central Document Room, Park Bldg., Rm. 214, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20852. FDA may waive the requirement for the second copy in appropriate instances.", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Fifteen-day “Alert reports.” (i) The applicant shall report each adverse drug experience that is both serious and unexpected, regardless of source, as soon as possible but in any case within 15 working days of initial receipt of the information. These reports are required to be submitted on Form FDA-1639 (Adverse Reaction Report). The applicant shall promptly investigate all adverse drug experiences that are the subject of these 15-day Alert reports and shall submit followup reports within 15 working days of receipt of new information or as requested by FDA. If additional information is not obtainable, a followup report may be required that describes briefly the steps taken to seek additional information and the reasons why it could not be obtained. These 15-day Alert reports and followups to them are required to be submitted under separate cover and may not be included, except for summary or tabular purposes, in a periodic report.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "The applicant shall review periodically (at least as often as the periodic reporting cycle) the frequency of reports of adverse drug experiences that are both serious and expected and reports of therapeutic failure (lack of effect), regardless of source, and report any significant increase in frequency as soon as possible but in any case within 15 working days of determining that a significant increase in frequency exists. Upon written notice, FDA may require that applicants review the frequency of reports of serious, expected adverse drug experiences at intervals different than the periodic reporting cycle. Reports of a significant increase in frequency are required to be submitted in narrative form (including the time period on which the increased frequency is based, the method of analysis, and the interpretation of the results), rather than using Form FDA-1639. Fifteen-day Alert reports based on increased frequency are required to be submitted under separate cover and may not be inc", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "The requirements of paragraphs (c)(1) (i) and (ii) of this section, concerning the submission of 15-day alert reports, shall also apply to any person (other than the applicant) whose name appears on the label of an approved drug product as a manufacturer, packer, or distributor. However, in order to avoid unnecessary duplication in the submission to FDA, and followup to, reports required by paragraph (c)(1) (i) and (ii) of this section, obligations of a nonapplicant may be met by submission of all reports of serious adverse drug experiences to the applicant. If a nonapplicant elects to submit adverse drug experience reports to the applicant rather than to FDA, it shall submit each report to the applicant within 3 working days of its receipt by the nonapplicant, and the applicant shall then comply with the requirements of this section. Under this circumstance, the nonapplicant shall maintain a record of this action which shall include:", "source": null}, {"label": "(a)", "text": "A copy of the drug experience report.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Date the report was received by the nonapplicant.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Date the report was submitted to the applicant.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Name and address of the applicant.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "Each report submitted under this paragraph shall bear prominent identification as to its contents, i.e., “15-day Alert report” or “15-day Alert report—followup.”", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Periodic adverse drug experience reports. (i) The applicant shall report each adverse drug experience not reported under paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section at quarterly intervals, for 3 years from the date of approval of the application, and then at annual intervals. The applicant shall submit each quarterly report within 30 days of the close of the quarter (the first quarter beginning on the date of approval of the application) and each annual report within 60 days of the anniversary date of approval of the application. Upon written notice, FDA may extend or reestablish the requirement that an applicant submit quarterly reports, or require that the applicant submit reports under this section at different times than those stated. For example, the agency may reestablish a quarterly reporting requirement following the approval of a major supplement. Followup information to adverse drug experiences submitted in a periodic report may be submitted in the next periodic report.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Each periodic report is required to contain: (a) a narrative summary and analysis of the information in the report and an analysis of the 15-day Alert reports submitted during the reporting interval (all 15-day Alert reports being appropriately referenced by the applicant's patient identification number, adverse reaction term(s), and date of submission to FDA); (b) a Form FDA-1639 (Adverse Reaction Report) for each adverse drug experience not reported under paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section (with an index consisting of a line listing of the applicant's patient identification number and adverse reaction term(s)); and (c) a history of actions taken since the last report because of adverse drug experiences (for example, labeling changes or studies initiated).", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Periodic reporting, except for information regarding 15-day Alert reports, does not apply to adverse drug experience information obtained from postmarketing studies (whether or not conducted under an investigational new drug application), from reports in the scientific literature, and from foreign marketing experience.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Scientific literature. (1) A 15-day Alert report based on information from the scientific literature is required to be accompanied by a copy of the published article. The 15-day reporting requirements in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section (i.e., serious, unexpected adverse drug experiences) apply only to reports found in scientific and medical journals either as case reports or as the result of a formal clinical trial. The 15-day reporting requirements in paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section (i.e., a significant increase in frequency of a serious, expected adverse drug experience or of a therapeutic failure) apply only to reports found in scientific and medical journals either as the result of a formal clinical trial, or from epidemiological studies or analyses of experience in a monitored series of patients.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "As with all reports submitted under paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, reports based on the scientific literature shall be submitted on Form FDA-1639 or comparable format as prescribed by paragraph (f) of this section. In cases where the applicant believes that preparing the Form FDA-1639 constitutes an undue hardship, the applicant may arrange with the Division of Epidemiology and Surveillance for an acceptable alternative reporting format.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Postmarketing studies. (1) An applicant is not required to submit a 15-day Alert report under paragraph (c) of this section for an adverse drug experience obtained from a postmarketing study (whether or not conducted under an investigational new drug application) unless the applicant concludes that there is a reasonable possibility that the drug caused the adverse experience.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The applicant shall separate and clearly mark reports of adverse drug experiences that occur during a postmarketing study as being distinct from those experiences that are being reported spontaneously to the applicant.", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "Reporting Form FDA-1639. (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (c)(1)(ii) and (f)(3) of this section, the applicant shall complete a Form FDA-1639 (Adverse Reaction Report) for each report of an adverse drug experience.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Each completed Form FDA-1639 should refer only to an individual patient or a single attached publication.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Instead of using Form FDA-1639, an applicant may use a computer-generated FDA-1639 or other alternative format (e.g., a computer-generated tape or tabular listing) provided that: (i) The content of the alternative format is equivalent in all elements of information to those specified in Form FDA-1639; and (ii) the format is agreed to in advance by the Division of Epidemiology and Surveillance (HFD-730).", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Single copies of Form FDA-1639 may be obtained from the Division of Epidemiology and Surveillance (HFD-730), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. Supplies of Form FDA-1639 may be obtained from the PHS Forms and Publications Distribution Center, 12100 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857.", "source": null}, {"label": "(g)", "text": "Multiple reports. An applicant should not include in reports under this section any adverse drug experiences that occurred in clinical trials if they were previously submitted as part of the approved application. If a report applies to a drug for which an applicant holds more than one approved application, the applicant should submit the report to the application that was first approved. If a report refers to more than one drug marketed by an applicant, the applicant should submit the report to the application for the drug listed first in the report.", "source": null}, {"label": "(h)", "text": "Patient privacy. An applicant should not include in reports under this section the names and addresses of individual patients; instead, the applicant should assign a unique code number to each report, preferably not more than eight characters in length. The applicant should include the name of the reporter from whom the information was received. Names of patients, health care professionals, hospitals, and geographical identifiers in adverse drug experience reports are not releasable to the public under FDA's public information regulations in Part 20.", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Recordkeeping. The applicant shall maintain for a period of 10 years records of all adverse drug experiences known to the applicant, including raw data and any correspondence relating to adverse drug experiences.", "source": null}, {"label": "(j)", "text": "Guideline. FDA has prepared under § 10.90(b) a guideline for the submission of reports of adverse drug experiences and suggested followup investigation of reports.", "source": null}, {"label": "(k)", "text": "Withdrawal of approval. If an applicant fails to establish and maintain records and make reports required under this section, FDA may withdraw approval of the application and, thus, prohibit continued marketing of the drug product that is the subject of the application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(l)", "text": "Disclaimer. A report or information submitted by an applicant under this section (and any release by FDA of that report or information) does not necessarily reflect a conclusion by the applicant or FDA that the report or information constitutes an admission that the drug caused or contributed to an adverse effect. An applicant need not admit, and may deny, that the report or information submitted under this section constitutes an admission that the drug caused or contributed to an adverse effect. For purposes of this provision, the term “applicant” also includes any person reporting under paragraph (c)(1)(iii) of this section.", "source": null}]		§ 314.50; § 10.90	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985; 50 FR 14212, Apr. 11, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 21238, May 23, 1985; 51 FR 24481, July 3, 1986; 52 FR 37936, Oct. 13, 1987; 55 FR 11580, Mar. 29, 1990; 57 FR 17983, Apr. 28, 1992]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		3 years; 30 days; 60 days; 10 years	False	True	3 years; within 60 day; within 30 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.80
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart B	Applications	314.81	Other postmarketing reports.	(a) Applicability. Each applicant shall make the reports for each of its approved applications and abbreviated applications required under this section and sections 505(k) and 507(g) of the act. (b) Reporting requirements. The applicant shall submit to the Food and Drug Administration at the specified times two copies of the following reports: (1) NDA—Field alert report. The applicant shall submit information of the following kinds about distributed drug products and articles to the FDA district office that is responsible for the facility involved within 3 working days of receipt by the applicant. The information may be provided by telephone or other rapid communication means, with prompt written followup. The report and its mailing cover should be plainly marked: “NDA—Field Alert Report.” (i) Information concerning any incident that causes the drug product or its labeling to be mistaken for, or applied to, another article. (ii) Information concerning any bacteriological contn, or any significant chemical, physical, or other change or deterioration in the distributed drug product, or any failure of one or more distributed batches of the drug product to meet the specifications established for it in the application. (2) Annual report. The applicant shall submit the following information in the order listed each year within 60 days of the anniversary date of approval of the application. The applicant shall submit the report to the FDA division responsible for reviewing the application. Each annual report is required to be accompanied by a completed transmittal Form FDA-2252 (Transmittal of Periodic Reports for Drugs for Human Use) which may be obtained from the PHS Forms and Publications Distribution Center, 12100 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857, and is required to include all the information required under this section that the applicant received or otherwise obtained during the annual reporting interval which ends on the anniversary date. The report is required to contain the following: (i) Summary. A brief summary of significant new information from the previous year that might affect the safety, effectiveness, or labeling of the drug product. The report is also required to contain a brief description of actions the applicant has taken or intends to take as a result of this new information, for example, submit a labeling supplement, add a warning to the labeling, or initiate a new study. (ii) Distribution data. Information about the quantity of the drug product distributed under the approved application, including that distributed to distributors. The information is required to include the National Drug Code (NDC) number, the total number of dosage units of each strength or potency distributed (e.g., 100,000/5 milligram tablets, 50,000/10 milliliter vials), and the quantities distributed for domestic use and the quantities distributed for foreign use. Disclosure of financial or pricing data is not required. (iii) Labeling. Currently used professional labeling, patient brochures or package inserts (if any), a representative sample of the package labels, and a summary of any changes in labeling that have been made since the last report listed by date in the order in which they were implemented, or if no changes, a statement of that fact. (iv) Chemistry, manufacturing, and controls changes. (a) Reports of experiences, investigations, studies, or tests involving chemical or physical properties, or any other properties of the drug (such as the drug's behavior or properties in relation to microorganisms, including both the effects of the drug on microorganisms and the effects of microorganisms on the drug). These reports are only required for new information that may affect FDA's previous conclusions about the safety or effectiveness of the drug product. (b) A full description of the manufacturing and controls changes not requiring a supplemental application under § 314.70 (b) and (c), listed by date in the order in which they were implemented. (v) Nonclinical laboratory studies. Copies of unpublished reports and summaries of published reports of new toxicological findings in animal studies and in vitro studies (e.g., mutagenicity) conducted by, or otherwise obtained by, the applicant concerning the ingredients in the drug product. The applicant shall submit a copy of a published report if requested by FDA. (vi) Clinical data. (a) Published clinical trials of the drug (or abstracts of them), including clinical trials on safety and effectiveness; clinical trials on new uses; biopharmaceutic, pharmacokinetic, and clinical pharmacology studies; and reports of clinical experience pertinent to safety (for example, epidemiologic studies or analyses of experience in a monitored series of patients) conducted by or otherwise obtained by the applicant. Review articles, papers describing the use of the drug product in medical practice, papers and abstracts in which the drug is used as a research tool, promotional articles, press clippings, and papers that do not contain tabulations or summaries of original data should not be reported. (b) Summaries of completed unpublished clinical trials, or prepublication manuscripts if available, conducted by, or otherwise obtained by, the applicant. Supporting information should not be reported. (A study is considered completed 1 year after it is concluded.) (vii) Status reports. A statement on the current status of any postmarketing studies performed by, or on behalf of, the applicant. To facilitate communications between FDA and the applicant, the report may, at the applicant's discretion, also contain a list of any open regulatory business with FDA concerning the drug product subject to the application. (3) Other reporting—(i) Advertisements and promotional labeling. The applicant shall submit specimens of mailing pieces and any other labeling or advertising devised for promotion of the drug product at the time of initial dissemination of the labeling and at the time of initial publication of the advertisement for a prescription drug product. Mailing pieces and labeling that are designed to contain samples of a drug product are required to be complete, except the sample of the drug product may be omitted. Each submission is required to be accompanied by a completed transmittal Form FDA-2253 (Transmittal of Advertisements and Promotional Labeling for Drugs for Human Use) and is required to include a copy of the product's current professional labeling. Form FDA-2253 may be obtained from the PHS Forms and Publications Distribution Center, 12100 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857. (ii) Special reports. Upon written request the agency may require that the applicant submit the reports under this section at different times than those stated. (iii) Withdrawal of approved drug product from sale. (a) The applicant shall submit on Form FDA 2657 (Drug Product Listing), within 15 working days of the withdrawal from sale of a drug product, the following information: (1) The National Drug Code (NDC) number. (2) The identity of the drug product by established name and by proprietary name. (3) The new drug application or abbreviated application number. (4) The date of withdrawal from sale. It is requested but not required that the reason for withdrawal of the drug product from sale be included with the information. (b) The applicant shall submit each Form FDA-2657 to the Drug Listing Branch (HFD-334), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. (c) Reporting under paragraph (b)(3)(iii) of this section constitutes compliance with the requirements under § 207.30(a) of this chapter to report “at the discretion of the registrant when the change occurs.” (c) General requirements—(1) Multiple applications. For all reports required by this section, the applicant shall submit the information common to more than one application only to the application first approved, and shall not report separately on each application. The submission is required to identify all the applications to which the report applies. (2) Patient identification. Applicants should not include in reports under this section the names and addresses of individual patients; instead, the applicant should code the patient names whenever possible and retain the code in the applicant's files. The applicant shall maintain sufficient patient identification information to permit FDA, by using that information alone or along with records maintained by the investigator of a study, to identify the name and address of individual patients; this will ordinarily occur only when the agency needs to investigate the reports further or when there is reason to believe that the reports do not represent actual results obtained. (d) Withdrawal of approval. If an applicant fails to make reports required under this section, FDA may withdraw approval of the application and, thus, prohibit continued marketing of the drug product that is the subject of the application. (Collection of information requirements approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0910-0001)	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Applicability. Each applicant shall make the reports for each of its approved applications and abbreviated applications required under this section and sections 505(k) and 507(g) of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Reporting requirements. The applicant shall submit to the Food and Drug Administration at the specified times two copies of the following reports:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "NDA—Field alert report. The applicant shall submit information of the following kinds about distributed drug products and articles to the FDA district office that is responsible for the facility involved within 3 working days of receipt by the applicant. The information may be provided by telephone or other rapid communication means, with prompt written followup. The report and its mailing cover should be plainly marked: “NDA—Field Alert Report.”", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Information concerning any incident that causes the drug product or its labeling to be mistaken for, or applied to, another article.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Information concerning any bacteriological contn, or any significant chemical, physical, or other change or deterioration in the distributed drug product, or any failure of one or more distributed batches of the drug product to meet the specifications established for it in the application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Annual report. The applicant shall submit the following information in the order listed each year within 60 days of the anniversary date of approval of the application. The applicant shall submit the report to the FDA division responsible for reviewing the application. Each annual report is required to be accompanied by a completed transmittal Form FDA-2252 (Transmittal of Periodic Reports for Drugs for Human Use) which may be obtained from the PHS Forms and Publications Distribution Center, 12100 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857, and is required to include all the information required under this section that the applicant received or otherwise obtained during the annual reporting interval which ends on the anniversary date. The report is required to contain the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Summary. A brief summary of significant new information from the previous year that might affect the safety, effectiveness, or labeling of the drug product. The report is also required to contain a brief description of actions the applicant has taken or intends to take as a result of this new information, for example, submit a labeling supplement, add a warning to the labeling, or initiate a new study.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Distribution data. Information about the quantity of the drug product distributed under the approved application, including that distributed to distributors. The information is required to include the National Drug Code (NDC) number, the total number of dosage units of each strength or potency distributed (e.g., 100,000/5 milligram tablets, 50,000/10 milliliter vials), and the quantities distributed for domestic use and the quantities distributed for foreign use. Disclosure of financial or pricing data is not required.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Labeling. Currently used professional labeling, patient brochures or package inserts (if any), a representative sample of the package labels, and a summary of any changes in labeling that have been made since the last report listed by date in the order in which they were implemented, or if no changes, a statement of that fact.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "Chemistry, manufacturing, and controls changes. (a) Reports of experiences, investigations, studies, or tests involving chemical or physical properties, or any other properties of the drug (such as the drug's behavior or properties in relation to microorganisms, including both the effects of the drug on microorganisms and the effects of microorganisms on the drug). These reports are only required for new information that may affect FDA's previous conclusions about the safety or effectiveness of the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "A full description of the manufacturing and controls changes not requiring a supplemental application under § 314.70 (b) and (c), listed by date in the order in which they were implemented.", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "Nonclinical laboratory studies. Copies of unpublished reports and summaries of published reports of new toxicological findings in animal studies and in vitro studies (e.g., mutagenicity) conducted by, or otherwise obtained by, the applicant concerning the ingredients in the drug product. The applicant shall submit a copy of a published report if requested by FDA.", "source": null}, {"label": "(vi)", "text": "Clinical data. (a) Published clinical trials of the drug (or abstracts of them), including clinical trials on safety and effectiveness; clinical trials on new uses; biopharmaceutic, pharmacokinetic, and clinical pharmacology studies; and reports of clinical experience pertinent to safety (for example, epidemiologic studies or analyses of experience in a monitored series of patients) conducted by or otherwise obtained by the applicant. Review articles, papers describing the use of the drug product in medical practice, papers and abstracts in which the drug is used as a research tool, promotional articles, press clippings, and papers that do not contain tabulations or summaries of original data should not be reported.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Summaries of completed unpublished clinical trials, or prepublication manuscripts if available, conducted by, or otherwise obtained by, the applicant. Supporting information should not be reported. (A study is considered completed 1 year after it is concluded.)", "source": null}, {"label": "(vii)", "text": "Status reports. A statement on the current status of any postmarketing studies performed by, or on behalf of, the applicant. To facilitate communications between FDA and the applicant, the report may, at the applicant's discretion, also contain a list of any open regulatory business with FDA concerning the drug product subject to the application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Other reporting—(i) Advertisements and promotional labeling. The applicant shall submit specimens of mailing pieces and any other labeling or advertising devised for promotion of the drug product at the time of initial dissemination of the labeling and at the time of initial publication of the advertisement for a prescription drug product. Mailing pieces and labeling that are designed to contain samples of a drug product are required to be complete, except the sample of the drug product may be omitted. Each submission is required to be accompanied by a completed transmittal Form FDA-2253 (Transmittal of Advertisements and Promotional Labeling for Drugs for Human Use) and is required to include a copy of the product's current professional labeling. Form FDA-2253 may be obtained from the PHS Forms and Publications Distribution Center, 12100 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Special reports. Upon written request the agency may require that the applicant submit the reports under this section at different times than those stated.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Withdrawal of approved drug product from sale. (a) The applicant shall submit on Form FDA 2657 (Drug Product Listing), within 15 working days of the withdrawal from sale of a drug product, the following information:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The National Drug Code (NDC) number.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The identity of the drug product by established name and by proprietary name.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The new drug application or abbreviated application number.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The date of withdrawal from sale. It is requested but not required that the reason for withdrawal of the drug product from sale be included with the information.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The applicant shall submit each Form FDA-2657 to the Drug Listing Branch (HFD-334), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Reporting under paragraph (b)(3)(iii) of this section constitutes compliance with the requirements under § 207.30(a) of this chapter to report “at the discretion of the registrant when the change occurs.”", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "General requirements—(1) Multiple applications. For all reports required by this section, the applicant shall submit the information common to more than one application only to the application first approved, and shall not report separately on each application. The submission is required to identify all the applications to which the report applies.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Patient identification. Applicants should not include in reports under this section the names and addresses of individual patients; instead, the applicant should code the patient names whenever possible and retain the code in the applicant's files. The applicant shall maintain sufficient patient identification information to permit FDA, by using that information alone or along with records maintained by the investigator of a study, to identify the name and address of individual patients; this will ordinarily occur only when the agency needs to investigate the reports further or when there is reason to believe that the reports do not represent actual results obtained.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Withdrawal of approval. If an applicant fails to make reports required under this section, FDA may withdraw approval of the application and, thus, prohibit continued marketing of the drug product that is the subject of the application.", "source": null}]		§ 207.30; § 314.70	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985; 50 FR 14212, Apr. 11, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 21238, May 23, 1985; 55 FR 11580, Mar. 29, 1990; 57 FR 17983, Apr. 28, 1992]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		1 year; 60 days	False	True	1 year; within 60 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.81
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart B	Applications	314.90	Waivers.	(a) An applicant may ask the Food and Drug Administration to waive under this section any requirement that applies to the applicant under §§ 314.50 through 314.81. An applicant may ask FDA to waive under § 314.126(c) any criteria of an adequate and well-controlled study described in § 314.126(b). A waiver request under this section is required to be submitted with supporting documentation in an application, or in an amendment or supplement to an application. The waiver request is required to contain one of the following: (1) An explanation why the applicant's compliance with the requirement is unnecessary or cannot be achieved; (2) A description of an alternative submission that satisfies the purpose of the requirement; or (3) Other information justifying a waiver. (b) FDA may grant a waiver if it finds one of the following: (1) The applicant's compliance with the requirement is unnecessary for the agency to evaluate the application or compliance cannot be achieved; (2) The applicant's alternative submission satisfies the requirement; or (3) The applicant's submission otherwise justifies a waiver. (Collection of information requirements approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0910-0001)	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "An applicant may ask the Food and Drug Administration to waive under this section any requirement that applies to the applicant under §§ 314.50 through 314.81. An applicant may ask FDA to waive under § 314.126(c) any criteria of an adequate and well-controlled study described in § 314.126(b). A waiver request under this section is required to be submitted with supporting documentation in an application, or in an amendment or supplement to an application. The waiver request is required to contain one of the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "An explanation why the applicant's compliance with the requirement is unnecessary or cannot be achieved;", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "A description of an alternative submission that satisfies the purpose of the requirement; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Other information justifying a waiver.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "FDA may grant a waiver if it finds one of the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The applicant's compliance with the requirement is unnecessary for the agency to evaluate the application or compliance cannot be achieved;", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The applicant's alternative submission satisfies the requirement; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The applicant's submission otherwise justifies a waiver.", "source": null}]		§ 314.50; § 314.126	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 21238, May 23, 1985]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.90
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart C	Abbreviated Applications	314.92	Drug products for which abbreviated applications may be submitted.	(a) Abbreviated applications are suitable for the following drug products within the limits set forth under § 314.93: (1) Drug products that are the same as a listed drug. A “listed drug” is defined in § 314.3. For determining the suitability of an abbreviated new drug application, the term “same as” means identical in active ingredient(s), dosage form, strength, route of administration, and conditions of use, except that conditions of use for which approval cannot be granted because of exclusivity or an existing patent may be omitted. If a listed drug has been voluntarily withdrawn from or not offered for sale by its manufacturer, a person who wishes to submit an abbreviated new drug application for the drug shall comply with § 314.122. (2) Drug products that are duplicates of, or that meet the monograph for, an antibiotic drug for which FDA has approved an application. (3) Drug products that have been declared suitable for an abbreviated new drug application submission by FDA through the petition procedures set forth under § 10.30 of this chapter and § 314.93. (b) FDA will publish in the list listed drugs for which abbreviated applications may be submitted. The list is available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, 202-783-3238.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Abbreviated applications are suitable for the following drug products within the limits set forth under § 314.93:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Drug products that are the same as a listed drug. A “listed drug” is defined in § 314.3. For determining the suitability of an abbreviated new drug application, the term “same as” means identical in active ingredient(s), dosage form, strength, route of administration, and conditions of use, except that conditions of use for which approval cannot be granted because of exclusivity or an existing patent may be omitted. If a listed drug has been voluntarily withdrawn from or not offered for sale by its manufacturer, a person who wishes to submit an abbreviated new drug application for the drug shall comply with § 314.122.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Drug products that are duplicates of, or that meet the monograph for, an antibiotic drug for which FDA has approved an application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Drug products that have been declared suitable for an abbreviated new drug application submission by FDA through the petition procedures set forth under § 10.30 of this chapter and § 314.93.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "FDA will publish in the list listed drugs for which abbreviated applications may be submitted. The list is available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, 202-783-3238.", "source": null}]		§ 314.93; § 314.122.; § 314.93.; § 10.30; § 314.3.			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.92
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart C	Abbreviated Applications	314.93	Petition to request a change from a listed drug.	(a) The only changes from a listed drug for which the agency will accept a petition under this section are those changes described in paragraph (b) of this section. Petitions to submit abbreviated new drug applications for other changes from a listed drug will not be approved. (b) A person who wants to submit an abbreviated new drug application for a drug product which is not identical to a listed drug in route of administration, dosage form, and strength, or in which one active ingredient is substituted for one of the active ingredients in a listed combination drug, must first obtain permission from FDA to submit such an abbreviated application. (c) To obtain permission to submit an abbreviated new drug application for a change described in paragraph (b) of this section, a person must submit and obtain approval of a petition requesting the change. A person seeking permission to request such a change from a reference listed drug shall submit a petition in accordance with §10.20 of this chapter and in the format specified in § 10.30 of this chapter. The petition shall contain the information specified in § 10.30 of this chapter and any additional information required by this section. If any provision of § 10.20 or § 10.30 of this chapter is inconsistent with any provision of this section, the provisions of this section apply. (d) The petitioner shall identify a listed drug and include a copy of the proposed labeling for the drug product that is the subject of the petition and a copy of the approved labeling for the listed drug. The petitioner may, under limited circumstances, identify more than one listed drug, for example, when the proposed drug product is a combination product that differs from the combination reference listed drug with regard to an active ingredient, and the different active ingredient is an active ingredient of a listed drug. The petitioner shall also include information to show that: (1) The active ingredients of the proposed drug product are of the same pharmacological or therapeutic class as those of the reference listed drug. (2) The drug product can be expected to have the same therapeutic effect as the reference listed drug when administered to patients for each condition of use in the reference listed drug's labeling for which the applicant seeks approval. (3) If the proposed drug product is a combination product with one different active ingredient, including a different ester or salt, from the reference listed drug, that the different active ingredient has previously been approved in a listed drug or is a drug that does not meet the definition of “new drug” in section 201(b) of the act. (e) No later than 90 days after the date a petition that is permitted under paragraph (a) of this section is submitted, FDA will approve or disapprove the petition. (1) FDA will approve a petition properly submited under this section unless it finds that: (i) Investigations must be conducted to show the safety and effectiveness of the drug product or of any of its active ingredients, its route of administration, dosage form, or strength which differs from the reference listed drug; or (ii) For a petition that seeks to change an active ingredient, the drug product that is the subject of the petition is not a combination drug; or (iii) For a combination drug product that is the subject of the petition and has an active ingredient different from the reference listed drug: (A) The drug product may not be adequately evaluated for approval as safe and effective on the basis of the information required to be submitted under § 314.94; or (B) The petition does not contain information to show that the different active ingredient of the drug product is of the same pharmacological or therapeutic class as the ingredient of the reference listed drug that is to be changed and that the drug product can be expected to have the same therapeutic effect as the reference listed drug when administered to patients for each condition of use in the listed drug's labeling for which the applicant seeks approval; or (C) The different active ingredient is not an active ingredient in a listed drug or a drug that meets the requirements of section 201(p) of the act; or (D) The remaining active ingredients are not identical to those of the listed combination drug; or (iv) Any of the proposed changes from the listed drug would jeopardize the safe or effective use of the product so as to necessitate significant labeling changes to address the newly introduced safety or effectiveness problem; or (v) FDA has determined that the reference listed drug has been withdrawn from sale for safety or effectiveness reasons under § 314.161, or the reference listed drug has been voluntarily withdrawn from sale and the agency has not determined whether the withdrawal is for safety or effectiveness reasons. (2) For purposes of this paragraph, “investigations must be conducted” means that information derived from animal or clinical studies is necessary to show that the drug product is safe or effective. Such information may be contained in published or unpublished reports. (3) If FDA approves a petition submitted under this section, the agency's response may describe what additional information, if any, will be required to support an abbreviated new drug application for the drug product. FDA may, at any time during the course of its review of an abbreviated new drug application, request additional information required to evaluate the change approved under the petition. (f) FDA may withdraw approval of a petition if the agency receives any information demonstrating that the petition no longer satisfies the conditions under paragraph (e) of this section.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The only changes from a listed drug for which the agency will accept a petition under this section are those changes described in paragraph (b) of this section. Petitions to submit abbreviated new drug applications for other changes from a listed drug will not be approved.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "A person who wants to submit an abbreviated new drug application for a drug product which is not identical to a listed drug in route of administration, dosage form, and strength, or in which one active ingredient is substituted for one of the active ingredients in a listed combination drug, must first obtain permission from FDA to submit such an abbreviated application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "To obtain permission to submit an abbreviated new drug application for a change described in paragraph (b) of this section, a person must submit and obtain approval of a petition requesting the change. A person seeking permission to request such a change from a reference listed drug shall submit a petition in accordance with §10.20 of this chapter and in the format specified in § 10.30 of this chapter. The petition shall contain the information specified in § 10.30 of this chapter and any additional information required by this section. If any provision of § 10.20 or § 10.30 of this chapter is inconsistent with any provision of this section, the provisions of this section apply.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "The petitioner shall identify a listed drug and include a copy of the proposed labeling for the drug product that is the subject of the petition and a copy of the approved labeling for the listed drug. The petitioner may, under limited circumstances, identify more than one listed drug, for example, when the proposed drug product is a combination product that differs from the combination reference listed drug with regard to an active ingredient, and the different active ingredient is an active ingredient of a listed drug. The petitioner shall also include information to show that:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The active ingredients of the proposed drug product are of the same pharmacological or therapeutic class as those of the reference listed drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The drug product can be expected to have the same therapeutic effect as the reference listed drug when administered to patients for each condition of use in the reference listed drug's labeling for which the applicant seeks approval.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "If the proposed drug product is a combination product with one different active ingredient, including a different ester or salt, from the reference listed drug, that the different active ingredient has previously been approved in a listed drug or is a drug that does not meet the definition of “new drug” in section 201(b) of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "No later than 90 days after the date a petition that is permitted under paragraph (a) of this section is submitted, FDA will approve or disapprove the petition.", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "FDA will approve a petition properly submited under this section unless it finds that:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Investigations must be conducted to show the safety and effectiveness of the drug product or of any of its active ingredients, its route of administration, dosage form, or strength which differs from the reference listed drug; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "For a petition that seeks to change an active ingredient, the drug product that is the subject of the petition is not a combination drug; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "For a combination drug product that is the subject of the petition and has an active ingredient different from the reference listed drug:", "source": null}, {"label": "(A)", "text": "The drug product may not be adequately evaluated for approval as safe and effective on the basis of the information required to be submitted under § 314.94; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "The petition does not contain information to show that the different active ingredient of the drug product is of the same pharmacological or therapeutic class as the ingredient of the reference listed drug that is to be changed and that the drug product can be expected to have the same therapeutic effect as the reference listed drug when administered to patients for each condition of use in the listed drug's labeling for which the applicant seeks approval; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(C)", "text": "The different active ingredient is not an active ingredient in a listed drug or a drug that meets the requirements of section 201(p) of the act; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(D)", "text": "The remaining active ingredients are not identical to those of the listed combination drug; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "Any of the proposed changes from the listed drug would jeopardize the safe or effective use of the product so as to necessitate significant labeling changes to address the newly introduced safety or effectiveness problem; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "FDA has determined that the reference listed drug has been withdrawn from sale for safety or effectiveness reasons under § 314.161, or the reference listed drug has been voluntarily withdrawn from sale and the agency has not determined whether the withdrawal is for safety or effectiveness reasons.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "For purposes of this paragraph, “investigations must be conducted” means that information derived from animal or clinical studies is necessary to show that the drug product is safe or effective. Such information may be contained in published or unpublished reports.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "If FDA approves a petition submitted under this section, the agency's response may describe what additional information, if any, will be required to support an abbreviated new drug application for the drug product. FDA may, at any time during the course of its review of an abbreviated new drug application, request additional information required to evaluate the change approved under the petition.", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "FDA may withdraw approval of a petition if the agency receives any information demonstrating that the petition no longer satisfies the conditions under paragraph (e) of this section.", "source": null}]		§ 314.161; § 10.30; § 10.20; § 314.94			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		90 days	False	True	90 days	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.93
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart C	Abbreviated Applications	314.94	Content and format of an abbreviated application.	Abbreviated applications are required to be submitted in the form and contain the information required under this section. Three copies of the application are required, an archival copy, a review copy, and a field copy. FDA will maintain guidelines on the format and content of applications to assist applicants in their preparation. (a) Abbreviated new drug applications. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the applicant shall submit a complete archival copy of the abbreviated new drug application that includes the following: (1) Application form. The applicant shall submit a completed and signed application form that contains the information described under § 314.50(a)(1), (a)(3), (a)(4), and (a)(5). The applicant shall state whether the submission is an abbreviated application under this section or a supplement to an abbreviated application under § 314.97. (2) Table of contents. the archival copy of the abbreviated new drug application is required to contain a table of contents that shows the volume number and page number of the contents of the submission. (3) Basis for abbreviated new drug application submission. An abbreviated new drug application must refer to a listed drug. Ordinarily, that listed drug will be the drug product selected by the agency as the reference standard for conducting bioequivalence testing. The application shall contain: (i) The name of the reference listed drug, including its dosage form and strength. For an abbreviated new drug application based on an approverd petition under §10.30 of this chapter or §314.93, the reference listed drug must be the same as the listed drug approved in the petition. (ii) A statement as to whether, according to the information published in the list, the reference listed drug is entitled to a period of marketing exclusivity under section 505(j)(4)(D) of the act. (iii) For an abbreviated new drug application based on an approved petition under § 10.30 of this chapter or § 314.93, a reference to FDA-assigned docket number for the petition and a copy of FDA's correspondence approving the petition. (4) Conditions of use. (i) A statement that the conditions of use prescribed, recommended, or suggested in the labeling proposed for the drug product have been previously approved for the reference listed drug. (ii) A reference to the applicant's annotated proposed labeling and to the currently approved labeling for the reference listed drug provided under paragraph (a)(8) of this section. (5) Active ingredients. (i) For a single-active-ingredient drug product, information to show that the active ingredient is the same as that of the reference single-active-ingredient listed drug, as follows: (A) A statement that the active ingredient of the proposed drug product is the same as that of the reference listed drug. (B) A reference to the applicant's annotated proposed labeling and to the currently approved labeling for the reference listed drug provided under paragraph (a)(8) of this section. (ii) For a combination drug product, information to show that the active ingredients are the same as those of the reference listed drug except for any different active ingredient that has been the subject of an approved petition, as follows: (A) A statement that the active ingredients of the proposed drug product are the same as those of the reference listed drug, or if one of the active ingredients differs from one of the active ingredients of the reference listed drug and the abbreviated application is submitted under the approval of a petition under § 314.93 to vary such active ingredient, information to show that the other active ingredients of the drug product are the same as the other active ingredients of the reference listed drug, information to show that the different active ingredient is an active ingredient of another listed drug or of a drug that does not meet the definition of “new drug” in section 201(p) of the act, and such other information about the different active ingredient that FDA may require. (B) A reference to the applicant's annotated proposed labeling and to the currently approved labeling for the reference listed drug provided under paragraph (a)(8) of this section. (6) Route of administration, dosage form, and strength. (i) Information to show that the route of administration, dosage form, and strength of the drug product are the same as those of the reference listed drug except for any differences that have been the subject of an approved petition, as follows: (A) A statement that the route of administration, dosage form, and strength of the proposed drug product are the same as those of the reference listed drug. (B) A reference to the applicant's annotated proposed labeling and to the currently approved labeling for the reference listed drug provided under paragraph (a)(8) of this section. (ii) If the route of administration, dosage form, or strength of the drug product differs from the reference listed drug and the abbreviated application is submitted under an approved petition under § 314.93, such information about the different route of administration, dosage form, or strength that FDA may require. (7) Bioequivalence. (i) Information that shows that the drug product is bioequivalent to the reference listed drug upon which the applicant relies; or (ii) If the abbreviated new drug application is submitted under a petition approved under § 314.93, the results of any bioavailability of bioequivalence testing required by the agency, or any other information required by the agency to show that the active ingredients of the proposed drug product are of the same pharmacological or therapeutic class as those in the reference listed drug and that the proposed drug product can be expected to have the same therapeutic effect as the reference listed drug. If the proposed drug product contains a different active ingredient than the reference listed drug, FDA will consider the proposed drug product to have the same therapeutic effect as the reference listed drug if the applicant provides information demonstrating that: (A) There is an adequate scientific basis for determining that substitution of the specific proposed dose of the different active ingredient for the dose of the member of the same pharmacological or therapeutic class in the reference listed drug will yield a resulting drug product whose safety and effectiveness have not been adversely affected. (B) The unchanged active ingredients in the proposed drug product are bioequivalent to those in the reference listed drug. (C) The different active ingredient in the proposed drug product is bioequivalent to an approved dosage form containing that ingredient and approved for the same indication as the proposed drug product or is bioequivalent to a drug product offered for that indication which does not meet the definition of “new drug” under section 201(p) of the act. (iii) For each in vivo bioequivalence study contained in the abbreviated new drug application, a description of the analytical and statistical methods used in each study and a statement with respect to each study that it either was conducted in compliance with the institutional review board regulations in part 56 of this chapter, or was not subject to the regulations under § 56.104 or § 56.105 of this chapter and that each study was conducted in compliance with the informed consent regulations in part 50 of this chapter. (8) Labeling—(i) Listed drug labeling. A copy of the currently approved labeling for the listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application, if the abbreviated new drug application relies on a reference listed drug. (ii) Proposed labeling. Copies of the label and all labeling for the drug product (4 copies of draft labeling or 12 copies of final printed labeling). (iii) A statement that the applicant's proposed labeling is the same as the labeling of the reference listed drug except for differences annotated and explained under paragraph (a)(8)(iv) of this section. (iv) A side-by-side comparison of the applicant's proposed labeling with the approved labeling for the reference listed drug with all differences annotated and explained. Labeling (including the container label and package insert) proposed for the drug product must be the same as the labeling approved for the reference listed drug, except for changes required because of differences approved under a petition filed under § 314.93 or because the drug product and the reference listed drug are produced or distributed by different manufacturers. Such differences between the applicant's proposed labeling and labeling approved for the reference listed drug may include differences in expiration date, formulation, bioavailability, or pharmacokinetics, labeling revisions made to comply with current FDA labeling guidelines or other guidance, or omission of an indication or other aspect of labeling protected by patent or accorded exclusivity under section 505(j)(4)(D) of the act. (9) Chemistry, manufacturing, and controls. (i) The information required under § 314.50(d)(1), except that § 314.50(d)(1)(ii)(c) shall contain the proposed or actual master production record, including a description of the equipment, to be used for the manufacture of a commercial lot of the drug product. (ii) Inactive ingredients. Unless otherwise stated in paragraphs (a)(9)(iii) through (a)(9)(v) of this section, an applicant shall identify and characterize the inactive ingredients in the proposed drug product and provide information demonstrating that such inactive ingredients do not affect the safety of the proposed drug product. (iii) Inactive ingredient changes permitted in drug products intended for parenteral use. Generally, a drug product intended for parenteral use shall contain the same inactive ingredients and in the same concentration as the reference listed drug identified by the applicant under paragraph (a)(3) of this section. However, an applicant may seek approval of a drug product that differs from the reference listed drug in preservative, buffer, or antioxidant provided that the applicant identifies and characterizes the differences and provides information demonstrating that the differences do not affect the safety of the proposed drug product. (iv) Inactive ingredient changes permitted in drug products intended for ophthalmic or otic use. Generally, a drug product intended for ophthalmic or otic use shall contain the same inactive ingredients and in the same concentration as the reference listed drug identified by the applicant under paragraph (a)(3) of this section. However, an applicant may seek approval of a drug product that differs from the reference listed drug in preservative, buffer, substance to adjust tonicity, or thickening agent provided that the applicant identifies and characterizes the differences and provides information demonstrating that the differences do not affect the safety of the proposed drug product, except that, in a product intended for ophthalmic use, an applicant may not change a buffer or substance to adjust tonicity for the purpose of claiming a therapeutic advantage over or difference from the listed drug, e.g., by using a balanced salt solution as a diluent as opposed to an isotonic saline solution, or by making a significant change in the pH or other change that may raise questions of irritability. (v) Inactive ingredient changes permitted in drug products intended for topical use. Generally, a drug product intended for topical use shall contain the same inactive ingredients as the reference listed drug identified by the applicant under paragraph (a)(3) of this section. However, an applicant may seek approval of a drug product that differs from the reference listed drug provided that the applicant identifies and characterizes the differences and provides information demonstrating that the differences do not affect the safety of the proposed drug product. (10) Samples. The information required under § 314.50(e)(1) and (e)(2)(i). Samples need not be submitted until requested by FDA. (11) Other. The information required under § 314.50(g). (12) Patent certification—(i) Patents claiming drug, drug product, or method of use. (A) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(12)(iv) of this section, a certification with respect to each patent issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office that, in the opinion of the applicant and to the best of its knowledge, claims the reference listed drug or that claims a use of such listed drug for which the applicant is seeking approval under section 505(j) of the act and for which information is required to be filed under section 505(b) and (c) of the act and § 314.53. For each such patent, the applicant shall provide the patent number and certify, in its opinion and to the best of its knowledge, one of the following circumstances: (1) That the patent information has not been submitted to FDA. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph I Certification”; (2) That the patent has expired. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph II Certification”; (3) The date on which the patent will expire. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph III Certification”; or (4) That the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, or sale of the drug product for which the abbreviated application is submitted. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph IV Certification”. This certification shall be submitted in the following form: I, (name of applicant), certify that Patent No. ______ (is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, or sale of) (name of proposed drug product) for which this application is submitted. The certification shall be accompanied by a statement that the applicant will comply with the requirements under § 314.95(a) with respect to providing a notice to each owner of the patent or their representatives and to the holder of the approved application for the listed drug, and with the requirements under § 314.95(c) with respect to the content of the notice. (B) If the abbreviated new drug application refers to a listed drug that is itself a licensed generic product of a patented drug first approved under section 505(b) of the act, the appropriate patent certification under paragraph (a)(12)(i) of this section with respect to each patent that claims the first-approved patented drug or that claims a use for such drug. (ii) No relevant patents. If, in the opinion of the applicant and to the best of its knowledge, there are no patents described in paragraph (a)(12)(i) of this section, a certification in the following form: In the opinion and to the best knowledge of (name of applicant), there are no patents that claim the listed drug referred to in this application or that claim a use of the listed drug. (iii) Method of use patent. (A) If patent information is submitted under section 505(b) or (c) of the act and § 314.53 for a patent claiming a method of using the listed drug, and the labeling for the drug product for which the applicant is seeking approval does not include any indications that are covered by the use patent, a statement explaining that the method of use patent does not claim any of the proposed indications. (B) If the labeling of the drug product for which the applicant is seeking approval includes an indication that, according to the patent information submitted under section 505(b) or (c) of the act and § 314.53 or in the opinion of the applicant, is claimed by a use patent, an applicable certification under paragraph (a)(12)(i) of this section. (iv) Method of manufacturing patent. An applicant is not required to make a certification with respect to any patent that claims only a method of manufacturing the listed drug. (v) Licensing agreements. If the abbreviated new drug application is for a drug or method of using a drug claimed by a patent and the applicant has a licensing agreement with the patent owner, a certification under paragraph (a)(12)(i)(A)(4) of this section (“Paragraph IV Certification”) as to that patent and a statement that it has been granted a patent license. (vi) Late submission of patent information. If a patent on the listed drug is issued and the holder of the approved application for the listed drug does not submit the required information on the patent within 30 days of issuance of the patent, an applicant who submitted an abbreviated new drug application for that drug that contained an appropriate patent certification before the submission of the patent information is not required to submit an amended certification. An applicant whose abbreviated new drug application is submitted after a late submission of patent information, or whose pending abbreviated application was previously submitted but did not contain an appropriate patent certification at the time of the patent submission, shall submit a certification under paragraph (a)(12)(i) of this section or a statement under paragraph (a)(12)(iii) of this section as to that patent. (vii) Disputed patent information. If an applicant disputes the accuracy or relevance of patent information submitted to FDA, the applicant may seek a confirmation of the correctness of the patent information in accordance with the procedures under § 314.53(f). Unless the patent information is withdrawn or changed, the applicant shall submit an appropriate certification for each relevant patent. (viii) Amended certifications. A certification submitted under paragraphs (a)(12)(i) through (a)(12)(iii) of this section may be amended at any time before the effective date of the approval of the application. However, an applicant who has submitted a paragraph IV patent certification may not change it to a paragraph III certification if a patent infringement suit has been filed against another paragraph IV applicant unless the agency has determined that no applicant is entitled to 180-day exclusivity or the patent expires before the lawsuit is resolved or expires after the suit is resolved but before the end of the 180-day exclusivity period. If an applicant with a pending application voluntarily makes a patent certification for an untimely filed patent, the applicant may withdraw the patent certification for the untimely filed patent. An applicant shall submit an amended certification by letter or as an amendment to a pending application or by letter to an approved application. Once an amendment or letter is submitted, the application will no longer be considered to contain the prior certification. (A) After finding of infringement. An applicant who has submitted a certification under paragraph (a)(12)(i)(A)(4) of this section and is sued for patent infringement within 45 days of the receipt of notice sent under § 314.95 shall amend the certification if a final judgment in the action against the applicant is entered finding the patent to be infringed. In the amended certification, the applicant shall certify under paragraph (a)(12)(i)(A)(3) of this section that the patent will expire on a specific date. Once an amendment or letter for the change has been submitted, the application will no longer be considered to be one containing a certification under paragraph (a)(12)(i)(A)(4) of this section. If a final judgment finds the patent to be invalid and infringed, an amended certification is not required. (B) After removal of a patent from the list. If a patent is removed from the list, any applicant with a pending application (including a tentatively approved application with a delayed effective date) who has made a certification with respect to such patent shall amend its certification. The applicant shall certify under paragraph (a)(12)(ii) of this section that no patents described in paragraph (a)(12)(i) of this section claim the drug or, if other relevant patents claim the drug, shall amend the certification to refer only to those relevant patents. In the amendment, the applicant shall state the reason for the change in certification (that the patent is or has been removed from the list). A patent that is the subject of a lawsuit under § 314.107(c) shall not be removed from the list until FDA determines either that no delay in effective dates of approval is required under that section as a result of the lawsuit, that the patent has expired, or that any such period of delay in effective dates of approval is ended. An applicant shall submit an amended certification. Once an amendment or letter for the change has been submitted, the application will no longer be considered to be one containing a certification under paragraph (a)(12)(i)(A)(4) of this section. (C) Other amendments. (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (a)(12)(vi) and (a)(12)(viii)(C)(2) of this section, an applicant shall amend a submitted certification if, at any time before the effective date of the approval of the application, the applicant learns that the submitted certification is no longer accurate. (2) An applicant is not required to amend a submitted certification when information on a patent on the listed drug is submitted after the effective date of approval of the abbreviated application. (b) Drug products subject to the Drug Efficacy Study Implementation (DESI) review. If the abbreviated new drug application is for a duplicate of a drug product that is subject to FDA's DESI review (a review of drug products approved as safe between 1938 and 1962) or other DESI-like review and the drug product evaluated in the review is a listed drug, the applicant shall comply with the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section. (c) Abbreviated antibiotic application. For applications submitted under section 507 of the act, the applicant shall submit a complete archival copy of the abbreviated application that contains the information described under § 314.50 (a)(1), (a)(3), (a)(4), and (a)(5), (b), (d)(1) and (d)(3), (e), and (g). The applicant shall state whether the submission is an abbreviated application under this section or a supplement to an abbreviated application under § 314.97. (d) Format of an abbreviated application. (1) The applicant shall submit a complete archival copy of the abbreviated application as required under paragraphs (a) and (c) of this section. FDA will maintain the archival copy during the review of the application to permit individual reviewers to refer to information that is not contained in their particular technical sections of the application, to give other agency personnel access to the application for official business, and to maintain in one place a complete copy of the application. An applicant may submit all or portions of the archival copy of the abbreviated application in any form (e.g., microfiche, optical disc, and magnetic tape) that the applicant and FDA agree is acceptable. (2) For abbreviated new drug applications, the applicant shall submit a review copy of the abbreviated application that contains two separate sections. One section shall contain the information described under paragraphs (a)(2) through (a)(6), (a)(8), and (a)(9) of this section 505(j)(2)(A)(vii) of the act and one copy of the analytical methods and descriptive information needed by FDA's laboratories to perform tests on samples of the proposed drug product and to validate the applicant's analytical methods. The other section shall contain the information described under paragraphs (a)(3), (a)(7), and (a)(8) of this section. Each of the sections in the review copy is required to contain a copy of the application form described under § 314.50(a). (3) For abbreviated antibiotic applications, the applicant shall submit a review copy that contains the technical sections described in § 314.50 (d)(1) and (d)(3). Each of the technical sections in the review copy is required to be separate with a copy of the application form required under § 314.50(a). (4) The applicant may obtain from FDA sufficient folders to bind the archival, the review, and the field copies of the abbreviated application. (5) The applicant shall submit a field copy of the abbreviated application that contains the technical section described in paragraph (a)(9) of this section, a copy of the application form required under paragraph (a)(1) of this section, and a certification that the field copy is a true copy of the technical section described in paragraph (a)(9) of this section contained in the archival and review copies of the abbreviated application.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Abbreviated new drug applications. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the applicant shall submit a complete archival copy of the abbreviated new drug application that includes the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Application form. The applicant shall submit a completed and signed application form that contains the information described under § 314.50(a)(1), (a)(3), (a)(4), and (a)(5). The applicant shall state whether the submission is an abbreviated application under this section or a supplement to an abbreviated application under § 314.97.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Table of contents. the archival copy of the abbreviated new drug application is required to contain a table of contents that shows the volume number and page number of the contents of the submission.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Basis for abbreviated new drug application submission. An abbreviated new drug application must refer to a listed drug. Ordinarily, that listed drug will be the drug product selected by the agency as the reference standard for conducting bioequivalence testing. The application shall contain:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The name of the reference listed drug, including its dosage form and strength. For an abbreviated new drug application based on an approverd petition under §10.30 of this chapter or §314.93, the reference listed drug must be the same as the listed drug approved in the petition.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "A statement as to whether, according to the information published in the list, the reference listed drug is entitled to a period of marketing exclusivity under section 505(j)(4)(D) of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "For an abbreviated new drug application based on an approved petition under § 10.30 of this chapter or § 314.93, a reference to FDA-assigned docket number for the petition and a copy of FDA's correspondence approving the petition.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Conditions of use. (i) A statement that the conditions of use prescribed, recommended, or suggested in the labeling proposed for the drug product have been previously approved for the reference listed drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "A reference to the applicant's annotated proposed labeling and to the currently approved labeling for the reference listed drug provided under paragraph (a)(8) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "Active ingredients. (i) For a single-active-ingredient drug product, information to show that the active ingredient is the same as that of the reference single-active-ingredient listed drug, as follows:", "source": null}, {"label": "(A)", "text": "A statement that the active ingredient of the proposed drug product is the same as that of the reference listed drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "A reference to the applicant's annotated proposed labeling and to the currently approved labeling for the reference listed drug provided under paragraph (a)(8) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "For a combination drug product, information to show that the active ingredients are the same as those of the reference listed drug except for any different active ingredient that has been the subject of an approved petition, as follows:", "source": null}, {"label": "(A)", "text": "A statement that the active ingredients of the proposed drug product are the same as those of the reference listed drug, or if one of the active ingredients differs from one of the active ingredients of the reference listed drug and the abbreviated application is submitted under the approval of a petition under § 314.93 to vary such active ingredient, information to show that the other active ingredients of the drug product are the same as the other active ingredients of the reference listed drug, information to show that the different active ingredient is an active ingredient of another listed drug or of a drug that does not meet the definition of “new drug” in section 201(p) of the act, and such other information about the different active ingredient that FDA may require.", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "A reference to the applicant's annotated proposed labeling and to the currently approved labeling for the reference listed drug provided under paragraph (a)(8) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "Route of administration, dosage form, and strength. (i) Information to show that the route of administration, dosage form, and strength of the drug product are the same as those of the reference listed drug except for any differences that have been the subject of an approved petition, as follows:", "source": null}, {"label": "(A)", "text": "A statement that the route of administration, dosage form, and strength of the proposed drug product are the same as those of the reference listed drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "A reference to the applicant's annotated proposed labeling and to the currently approved labeling for the reference listed drug provided under paragraph (a)(8) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "If the route of administration, dosage form, or strength of the drug product differs from the reference listed drug and the abbreviated application is submitted under an approved petition under § 314.93, such information about the different route of administration, dosage form, or strength that FDA may require.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "Bioequivalence. (i) Information that shows that the drug product is bioequivalent to the reference listed drug upon which the applicant relies; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "If the abbreviated new drug application is submitted under a petition approved under § 314.93, the results of any bioavailability of bioequivalence testing required by the agency, or any other information required by the agency to show that the active ingredients of the proposed drug product are of the same pharmacological or therapeutic class as those in the reference listed drug and that the proposed drug product can be expected to have the same therapeutic effect as the reference listed drug. If the proposed drug product contains a different active ingredient than the reference listed drug, FDA will consider the proposed drug product to have the same therapeutic effect as the reference listed drug if the applicant provides information demonstrating that:", "source": null}, {"label": "(A)", "text": "There is an adequate scientific basis for determining that substitution of the specific proposed dose of the different active ingredient for the dose of the member of the same pharmacological or therapeutic class in the reference listed drug will yield a resulting drug product whose safety and effectiveness have not been adversely affected.", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "The unchanged active ingredients in the proposed drug product are bioequivalent to those in the reference listed drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(C)", "text": "The different active ingredient in the proposed drug product is bioequivalent to an approved dosage form containing that ingredient and approved for the same indication as the proposed drug product or is bioequivalent to a drug product offered for that indication which does not meet the definition of “new drug” under section 201(p) of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "For each in vivo bioequivalence study contained in the abbreviated new drug application, a description of the analytical and statistical methods used in each study and a statement with respect to each study that it either was conducted in compliance with the institutional review board regulations in part 56 of this chapter, or was not subject to the regulations under § 56.104 or § 56.105 of this chapter and that each study was conducted in compliance with the informed consent regulations in part 50 of this chapter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(8)", "text": "Labeling—(i) Listed drug labeling. A copy of the currently approved labeling for the listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application, if the abbreviated new drug application relies on a reference listed drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Proposed labeling. Copies of the label and all labeling for the drug product (4 copies of draft labeling or 12 copies of final printed labeling).", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "A statement that the applicant's proposed labeling is the same as the labeling of the reference listed drug except for differences annotated and explained under paragraph (a)(8)(iv) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "A side-by-side comparison of the applicant's proposed labeling with the approved labeling for the reference listed drug with all differences annotated and explained. Labeling (including the container label and package insert) proposed for the drug product must be the same as the labeling approved for the reference listed drug, except for changes required because of differences approved under a petition filed under § 314.93 or because the drug product and the reference listed drug are produced or distributed by different manufacturers. Such differences between the applicant's proposed labeling and labeling approved for the reference listed drug may include differences in expiration date, formulation, bioavailability, or pharmacokinetics, labeling revisions made to comply with current FDA labeling guidelines or other guidance, or omission of an indication or other aspect of labeling protected by patent or accorded exclusivity under section 505(j)(4)(D) of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(9)", "text": "Chemistry, manufacturing, and controls. (i) The information required under § 314.50(d)(1), except that § 314.50(d)(1)(ii)(c) shall contain the proposed or actual master production record, including a description of the equipment, to be used for the manufacture of a commercial lot of the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Inactive ingredients. Unless otherwise stated in paragraphs (a)(9)(iii) through (a)(9)(v) of this section, an applicant shall identify and characterize the inactive ingredients in the proposed drug product and provide information demonstrating that such inactive ingredients do not affect the safety of the proposed drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Inactive ingredient changes permitted in drug products intended for parenteral use. Generally, a drug product intended for parenteral use shall contain the same inactive ingredients and in the same concentration as the reference listed drug identified by the applicant under paragraph (a)(3) of this section. However, an applicant may seek approval of a drug product that differs from the reference listed drug in preservative, buffer, or antioxidant provided that the applicant identifies and characterizes the differences and provides information demonstrating that the differences do not affect the safety of the proposed drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "Inactive ingredient changes permitted in drug products intended for ophthalmic or otic use. Generally, a drug product intended for ophthalmic or otic use shall contain the same inactive ingredients and in the same concentration as the reference listed drug identified by the applicant under paragraph (a)(3) of this section. However, an applicant may seek approval of a drug product that differs from the reference listed drug in preservative, buffer, substance to adjust tonicity, or thickening agent provided that the applicant identifies and characterizes the differences and provides information demonstrating that the differences do not affect the safety of the proposed drug product, except that, in a product intended for ophthalmic use, an applicant may not change a buffer or substance to adjust tonicity for the purpose of claiming a therapeutic advantage over or difference from the listed drug, e.g., by using a balanced salt solution as a diluent as opposed to an isotonic saline solutio", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "Inactive ingredient changes permitted in drug products intended for topical use. Generally, a drug product intended for topical use shall contain the same inactive ingredients as the reference listed drug identified by the applicant under paragraph (a)(3) of this section. However, an applicant may seek approval of a drug product that differs from the reference listed drug provided that the applicant identifies and characterizes the differences and provides information demonstrating that the differences do not affect the safety of the proposed drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(10)", "text": "Samples. The information required under § 314.50(e)(1) and (e)(2)(i). Samples need not be submitted until requested by FDA.", "source": null}, {"label": "(11)", "text": "Other. The information required under § 314.50(g).", "source": null}, {"label": "(12)", "text": "Patent certification—(i) Patents claiming drug, drug product, or method of use. (A) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(12)(iv) of this section, a certification with respect to each patent issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office that, in the opinion of the applicant and to the best of its knowledge, claims the reference listed drug or that claims a use of such listed drug for which the applicant is seeking approval under section 505(j) of the act and for which information is required to be filed under section 505(b) and (c) of the act and § 314.53. For each such patent, the applicant shall provide the patent number and certify, in its opinion and to the best of its knowledge, one of the following circumstances:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "That the patent information has not been submitted to FDA. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph I Certification”;", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "That the patent has expired. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph II Certification”;", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The date on which the patent will expire. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph III Certification”; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "That the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use, or sale of the drug product for which the abbreviated application is submitted. The applicant shall entitle such a certification “Paragraph IV Certification”. This certification shall be submitted in the following form:", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "If the abbreviated new drug application refers to a listed drug that is itself a licensed generic product of a patented drug first approved under section 505(b) of the act, the appropriate patent certification under paragraph (a)(12)(i) of this section with respect to each patent that claims the first-approved patented drug or that claims a use for such drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "No relevant patents. If, in the opinion of the applicant and to the best of its knowledge, there are no patents described in paragraph (a)(12)(i) of this section, a certification in the following form:", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Method of use patent. (A) If patent information is submitted under section 505(b) or (c) of the act and § 314.53 for a patent claiming a method of using the listed drug, and the labeling for the drug product for which the applicant is seeking approval does not include any indications that are covered by the use patent, a statement explaining that the method of use patent does not claim any of the proposed indications.", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "If the labeling of the drug product for which the applicant is seeking approval includes an indication that, according to the patent information submitted under section 505(b) or (c) of the act and § 314.53 or in the opinion of the applicant, is claimed by a use patent, an applicable certification under paragraph (a)(12)(i) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "Method of manufacturing patent. An applicant is not required to make a certification with respect to any patent that claims only a method of manufacturing the listed drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "Licensing agreements. If the abbreviated new drug application is for a drug or method of using a drug claimed by a patent and the applicant has a licensing agreement with the patent owner, a certification under paragraph (a)(12)(i)(A)(4) of this section (“Paragraph IV Certification”) as to that patent and a statement that it has been granted a patent license.", "source": null}, {"label": "(vi)", "text": "Late submission of patent information. If a patent on the listed drug is issued and the holder of the approved application for the listed drug does not submit the required information on the patent within 30 days of issuance of the patent, an applicant who submitted an abbreviated new drug application for that drug that contained an appropriate patent certification before the submission of the patent information is not required to submit an amended certification. An applicant whose abbreviated new drug application is submitted after a late submission of patent information, or whose pending abbreviated application was previously submitted but did not contain an appropriate patent certification at the time of the patent submission, shall submit a certification under paragraph (a)(12)(i) of this section or a statement under paragraph (a)(12)(iii) of this section as to that patent.", "source": null}, {"label": "(vii)", "text": "Disputed patent information. If an applicant disputes the accuracy or relevance of patent information submitted to FDA, the applicant may seek a confirmation of the correctness of the patent information in accordance with the procedures under § 314.53(f). Unless the patent information is withdrawn or changed, the applicant shall submit an appropriate certification for each relevant patent.", "source": null}, {"label": "(viii)", "text": "Amended certifications. A certification submitted under paragraphs (a)(12)(i) through (a)(12)(iii) of this section may be amended at any time before the effective date of the approval of the application. However, an applicant who has submitted a paragraph IV patent certification may not change it to a paragraph III certification if a patent infringement suit has been filed against another paragraph IV applicant unless the agency has determined that no applicant is entitled to 180-day exclusivity or the patent expires before the lawsuit is resolved or expires after the suit is resolved but before the end of the 180-day exclusivity period. If an applicant with a pending application voluntarily makes a patent certification for an untimely filed patent, the applicant may withdraw the patent certification for the untimely filed patent. An applicant shall submit an amended certification by letter or as an amendment to a pending application or by letter to an approved application. Once an ame", "source": null}, {"label": "(A)", "text": "After finding of infringement. An applicant who has submitted a certification under paragraph (a)(12)(i)(A)(4) of this section and is sued for patent infringement within 45 days of the receipt of notice sent under § 314.95 shall amend the certification if a final judgment in the action against the applicant is entered finding the patent to be infringed. In the amended certification, the applicant shall certify under paragraph (a)(12)(i)(A)(3) of this section that the patent will expire on a specific date. Once an amendment or letter for the change has been submitted, the application will no longer be considered to be one containing a certification under paragraph (a)(12)(i)(A)(4) of this section. If a final judgment finds the patent to be invalid and infringed, an amended certification is not required.", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "After removal of a patent from the list. If a patent is removed from the list, any applicant with a pending application (including a tentatively approved application with a delayed effective date) who has made a certification with respect to such patent shall amend its certification. The applicant shall certify under paragraph (a)(12)(ii) of this section that no patents described in paragraph (a)(12)(i) of this section claim the drug or, if other relevant patents claim the drug, shall amend the certification to refer only to those relevant patents. In the amendment, the applicant shall state the reason for the change in certification (that the patent is or has been removed from the list). A patent that is the subject of a lawsuit under § 314.107(c) shall not be removed from the list until FDA determines either that no delay in effective dates of approval is required under that section as a result of the lawsuit, that the patent has expired, or that any such period of delay in effective", "source": null}, {"label": "(C)", "text": "Other amendments. (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (a)(12)(vi) and (a)(12)(viii)(C)(2) of this section, an applicant shall amend a submitted certification if, at any time before the effective date of the approval of the application, the applicant learns that the submitted certification is no longer accurate.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "An applicant is not required to amend a submitted certification when information on a patent on the listed drug is submitted after the effective date of approval of the abbreviated application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Drug products subject to the Drug Efficacy Study Implementation (DESI) review. If the abbreviated new drug application is for a duplicate of a drug product that is subject to FDA's DESI review (a review of drug products approved as safe between 1938 and 1962) or other DESI-like review and the drug product evaluated in the review is a listed drug, the applicant shall comply with the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Abbreviated antibiotic application. For applications submitted under section 507 of the act, the applicant shall submit a complete archival copy of the abbreviated application that contains the information described under § 314.50 (a)(1), (a)(3), (a)(4), and (a)(5), (b), (d)(1) and (d)(3), (e), and (g). The applicant shall state whether the submission is an abbreviated application under this section or a supplement to an abbreviated application under § 314.97.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Format of an abbreviated application. (1) The applicant shall submit a complete archival copy of the abbreviated application as required under paragraphs (a) and (c) of this section. FDA will maintain the archival copy during the review of the application to permit individual reviewers to refer to information that is not contained in their particular technical sections of the application, to give other agency personnel access to the application for official business, and to maintain in one place a complete copy of the application. An applicant may submit all or portions of the archival copy of the abbreviated application in any form (e.g., microfiche, optical disc, and magnetic tape) that the applicant and FDA agree is acceptable.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "For abbreviated new drug applications, the applicant shall submit a review copy of the abbreviated application that contains two separate sections. One section shall contain the information described under paragraphs (a)(2) through (a)(6), (a)(8), and (a)(9) of this section 505(j)(2)(A)(vii) of the act and one copy of the analytical methods and descriptive information needed by FDA's laboratories to perform tests on samples of the proposed drug product and to validate the applicant's analytical methods. The other section shall contain the information described under paragraphs (a)(3), (a)(7), and (a)(8) of this section. Each of the sections in the review copy is required to contain a copy of the application form described under § 314.50(a).", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "For abbreviated antibiotic applications, the applicant shall submit a review copy that contains the technical sections described in § 314.50 (d)(1) and (d)(3). Each of the technical sections in the review copy is required to be separate with a copy of the application form required under § 314.50(a).", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The applicant may obtain from FDA sufficient folders to bind the archival, the review, and the field copies of the abbreviated application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "The applicant shall submit a field copy of the abbreviated application that contains the technical section described in paragraph (a)(9) of this section, a copy of the application form required under paragraph (a)(1) of this section, and a certification that the field copy is a true copy of the technical section described in paragraph (a)(9) of this section contained in the archival and review copies of the abbreviated application.", "source": null}]		§ 56.104; § 314.93; § 314.107; § 314.97.; § 314.53.; § 56.105; § 10.30; § 314.53; § 314.95; § 314.50	[57 FR 17983, Apr. 28, 1992; 57 FR 29353, July 1, 1992, as amended at 58 FR 47352, Sept. 8, 1993; 59 FR 50364, Oct. 3, 1994]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		30 days; 45 days	False	True	within 45 day; within 30 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.94
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart C	Abbreviated Applications	314.95	Notice of certification of invalidity or noninfringement of a patent.	(a) Notice of certification. For each patent that claims the listed drug or that claims a use for such listed drug for which the applicant is seeking approval and that the applicant certifies under § 314.94(a)(12) is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed, the applicant shall send notice of such certification by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested to each of the following persons: (1) Each owner of the patent which is the subject of the certification or the representative designated by the owner to receive the notice. The name and address of the patent owner or its representative may be obtained from the United States Patent and Trademark Office; and (2) The holder of the approved application under section 505(b) of the act for the listed drug that is claimed by the patent and for which the applicant is seeking approval, or, if the application holder does not reside or maintain a place of business within the United States, the application holder's attorney, agent, or other authorized official. The name and address of the application holder or its attorney, agent, or authorized official may be obtained from the Division of Drug Information Resources (HFD-80), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. (3) This paragraph does not apply to a use patent that claims no uses for which the applicant is seeking approval. (b) Sending the notice. The applicant shall send the notice required by paragraph (a) of this section when it receives from FDA an acknowledgment letter stating that its abbreviated new drug application is sufficiently complete to permit a substantive review. At the same time, the applicant shall amend its abbreviated new drug application to include a statement certifying that the notice has been provided to each person identified under paragraph (a) of this section and that the notice met the content requirements under paragraph (c) of this section. (c) Contents of a notice. In the notice, the applicant shall cite section 505(j)(2)(B)(ii) of the act and shall include, but not be limited to, the following information: (1) A statement that FDA has received an abbreviated new drug application submitted by the applicant containing any required bioavailability or bioequivalence data or information. (2) The abbreviated application number. (3) The established name, if any, as defined in section 502(e)(3) of the act, of the proposed drug product. (4) The active ingredient, strength, and dosage form of the proposed drug product. (5) The patent number and expiration date, as submitted to the agency or as known to the applicant, of each patent alleged to be invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed. (6) A detailed statement of the factual and legal basis of the applicant's opinion that the patent is not valid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed. The applicant shall include in the detailed statement: (i) For each claim of a patent alleged not to be infringed, a full and detailed explanation of why the claim is not infringed. (ii) For each claim of a patent alleged to be invalid or unenforceable, a full and detailed explanation of the grounds supporting the allegation. (7) If the applicant does not reside or have a place of business in the United States, the name and address of an agent in the United States authorized to accept service of process for the applicant. (d) Amendment to an abbreviated application. If an abbreviated application is amended to include the certification described in § 314.94(a)(12)(i)(A)(4), the applicant shall send the notice required by paragraph (a) of this section at the same time that the amendment to the abbreviated application is submitted to FDA. (e) Documentation of receipt of notice. The applicant shall amend its abbreviated application to document receipt of the notice required under paragraph (a) of this section by each person provided the notice. The applicant shall include a copy of the return receipt or other similar evidence of the date the notification was received. FDA will accept as adequate documentation of the date of receipt a return receipt or a letter acknowledging receipt by the person provided the notice. An applicant may rely on another form of documentation only if FDA has agreed to such documentation in advance. A copy of the notice itself need not be submitted to the agency. (f) Approval. If the requirements of this section are met, FDA will presume the notice to be complete and sufficient, and it will count the day following the date of receipt of the notice by the patent owner or its representative and by the approved application holder as the first day of the 45-day period provided for in section 505(j)(4)(B)(iii) of the act. FDA may, if the applicant provides a written statement to FDA that a later date should be used, count from such later date.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Notice of certification. For each patent that claims the listed drug or that claims a use for such listed drug for which the applicant is seeking approval and that the applicant certifies under § 314.94(a)(12) is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed, the applicant shall send notice of such certification by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested to each of the following persons:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Each owner of the patent which is the subject of the certification or the representative designated by the owner to receive the notice. The name and address of the patent owner or its representative may be obtained from the United States Patent and Trademark Office; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The holder of the approved application under section 505(b) of the act for the listed drug that is claimed by the patent and for which the applicant is seeking approval, or, if the application holder does not reside or maintain a place of business within the United States, the application holder's attorney, agent, or other authorized official. The name and address of the application holder or its attorney, agent, or authorized official may be obtained from the Division of Drug Information Resources (HFD-80), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "This paragraph does not apply to a use patent that claims no uses for which the applicant is seeking approval.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Sending the notice. The applicant shall send the notice required by paragraph (a) of this section when it receives from FDA an acknowledgment letter stating that its abbreviated new drug application is sufficiently complete to permit a substantive review. At the same time, the applicant shall amend its abbreviated new drug application to include a statement certifying that the notice has been provided to each person identified under paragraph (a) of this section and that the notice met the content requirements under paragraph (c) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Contents of a notice. In the notice, the applicant shall cite section 505(j)(2)(B)(ii) of the act and shall include, but not be limited to, the following information:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "A statement that FDA has received an abbreviated new drug application submitted by the applicant containing any required bioavailability or bioequivalence data or information.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The abbreviated application number.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The established name, if any, as defined in section 502(e)(3) of the act, of the proposed drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The active ingredient, strength, and dosage form of the proposed drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "The patent number and expiration date, as submitted to the agency or as known to the applicant, of each patent alleged to be invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "A detailed statement of the factual and legal basis of the applicant's opinion that the patent is not valid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed. The applicant shall include in the detailed statement:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "For each claim of a patent alleged not to be infringed, a full and detailed explanation of why the claim is not infringed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "For each claim of a patent alleged to be invalid or unenforceable, a full and detailed explanation of the grounds supporting the allegation.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "If the applicant does not reside or have a place of business in the United States, the name and address of an agent in the United States authorized to accept service of process for the applicant.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Amendment to an abbreviated application. If an abbreviated application is amended to include the certification described in § 314.94(a)(12)(i)(A)(4), the applicant shall send the notice required by paragraph (a) of this section at the same time that the amendment to the abbreviated application is submitted to FDA.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Documentation of receipt of notice. The applicant shall amend its abbreviated application to document receipt of the notice required under paragraph (a) of this section by each person provided the notice. The applicant shall include a copy of the return receipt or other similar evidence of the date the notification was received. FDA will accept as adequate documentation of the date of receipt a return receipt or a letter acknowledging receipt by the person provided the notice. An applicant may rely on another form of documentation only if FDA has agreed to such documentation in advance. A copy of the notice itself need not be submitted to the agency.", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "Approval. If the requirements of this section are met, FDA will presume the notice to be complete and sufficient, and it will count the day following the date of receipt of the notice by the patent owner or its representative and by the approved application holder as the first day of the 45-day period provided for in section 505(j)(4)(B)(iii) of the act. FDA may, if the applicant provides a written statement to FDA that a later date should be used, count from such later date.", "source": null}]		§ 314.94	[59 FR 50366, Oct. 3, 1994]	Oct. 3, 1994	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.95
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart C	Abbreviated Applications	314.96	Amendments to an unapproved abbreviated application.	(a) Abbreviated new drug application. (1) An applicant may amend an abbreviated new drug application that is submitted under § 314.94, but not yet approved, to revise existing information or provide additional information. (2) Submission of an amendment containing significant data or information constitutes an agreement between FDA and the applicant to extend the review period only for the time necessary to review the significant data or information and for no more than 180 days. (3) Submission of an amendment containing significant data or information to resolve deficiencies in the application as set forth in a not approvable letter issued under § 314.120 constitutes an agreement between FDA and the applicant under section 505(j)(4)(A) of the act to extend the date by which the agency is required to reach a decision on the abbreviated new drug application only for the time necessary to review the significant data or information and for no more than 180 days. (b) The applicant shall submit a field copy of each amendment to § 314.94(a)(9). The applicant, other than a foreign applicant, shall include in its submission of each such amendment to FDA a statement certifying that a field copy of the amendment has been sent to the applicant's home FDA district office. (c) Abbreviated antibiotic application. The applicant shall comply with the provisions of § 314.60.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Abbreviated new drug application. (1) An applicant may amend an abbreviated new drug application that is submitted under § 314.94, but not yet approved, to revise existing information or provide additional information.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Submission of an amendment containing significant data or information constitutes an agreement between FDA and the applicant to extend the review period only for the time necessary to review the significant data or information and for no more than 180 days.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Submission of an amendment containing significant data or information to resolve deficiencies in the application as set forth in a not approvable letter issued under § 314.120 constitutes an agreement between FDA and the applicant under section 505(j)(4)(A) of the act to extend the date by which the agency is required to reach a decision on the abbreviated new drug application only for the time necessary to review the significant data or information and for no more than 180 days.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The applicant shall submit a field copy of each amendment to § 314.94(a)(9). The applicant, other than a foreign applicant, shall include in its submission of each such amendment to FDA a statement certifying that a field copy of the amendment has been sent to the applicant's home FDA district office.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Abbreviated antibiotic application. The applicant shall comply with the provisions of § 314.60.", "source": null}]		§ 314.60.; § 314.94; § 314.120	[57 FR 17983, Apr. 28, 1992, as amended at 58 FR 47352, Sept. 8, 1993]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		180 days	False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.96
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart C	Abbreviated Applications	314.97	Supplements and other changes to an approved abbreviated application.	The applicant shall comply with the requirements of §§ 314.70 and 314.71 regarding the submission of supplemental applications and other changes to an approved abbreviated application.	regulation			§ 314.70			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.97
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart C	Abbreviated Applications	314.98	Postmarketing reports.	(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each applicant having an approved abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.94 or approved abbreviated new drug application under § 314.94 that is effective shall comply with the requirements of § 314.80 regarding the reporting and recordkeeping of adverse drug experiences. (b) Each applicant shall submit one copy of each report required under § 314.80 to the Division of Epidemiology and Surveillance (HFD-730), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. (c) Each applicant shall make the reports required under § 314.81 and sections 505(k) and 507(g) of the act for each of its approved abbreviated applications.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each applicant having an approved abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.94 or approved abbreviated new drug application under § 314.94 that is effective shall comply with the requirements of § 314.80 regarding the reporting and recordkeeping of adverse drug experiences.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Each applicant shall submit one copy of each report required under § 314.80 to the Division of Epidemiology and Surveillance (HFD-730), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Each applicant shall make the reports required under § 314.81 and sections 505(k) and 507(g) of the act for each of its approved abbreviated applications.", "source": null}]		§ 314.81; § 314.94; § 314.80			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.98
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart C	Abbreviated Applications	314.99	Other responsibilities of an applicant of an abbreviated application.	(a) An applicant shall comply with the requirements of § 314.65 regarding withdrawal by the applicant of an unapproved abbreviated application and § 314.72 regarding a change in ownership of an abbreviated application. (b) An applicant may ask FDA to waive under this section any requirement that applies to the applicant under §§ 314.92 through 314.99. The applicant shall comply with the requirements for a waiver under § 314.90.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "An applicant shall comply with the requirements of § 314.65 regarding withdrawal by the applicant of an unapproved abbreviated application and § 314.72 regarding a change in ownership of an abbreviated application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "An applicant may ask FDA to waive under this section any requirement that applies to the applicant under §§ 314.92 through 314.99. The applicant shall comply with the requirements for a waiver under § 314.90.", "source": null}]		§ 314.90.; § 314.92; § 314.72; § 314.65			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.99
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.100	Timeframes for reviewing applications and abbreviated applications.	(a) Within 180 days of receipt of an application for a new drug under section 505(b) of the act, or of an abbreviated application for a new drug under section 505(j) of the act, or of an application or abbreviated application for an antibiotic drug under section 507 of the act, FDA will review it and send the applicant either an approval letter under § 314.105, or an approvable letter under § 314.110, or a not approvable letter under § 314.120. This 180-day period is called the “review clock.” (b) During the review period, an applicant may withdraw an application under § 314.65 or an abbreviated application under § 314.99 and later resubmit it. FDA will treat the resubmission as a new application or abbreviated application. (c) The review clock may be extended by mutual agreement between FDA and an applicant or as provided in §§ 314.60 and 314.96, as the result of a major amendment.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Within 180 days of receipt of an application for a new drug under section 505(b) of the act, or of an abbreviated application for a new drug under section 505(j) of the act, or of an application or abbreviated application for an antibiotic drug under section 507 of the act, FDA will review it and send the applicant either an approval letter under § 314.105, or an approvable letter under § 314.110, or a not approvable letter under § 314.120. This 180-day period is called the “review clock.”", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "During the review period, an applicant may withdraw an application under § 314.65 or an abbreviated application under § 314.99 and later resubmit it. FDA will treat the resubmission as a new application or abbreviated application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "The review clock may be extended by mutual agreement between FDA and an applicant or as provided in §§ 314.60 and 314.96, as the result of a major amendment.", "source": null}]		§ 314.110; § 314.105; § 314.120.; § 314.65; § 314.60; § 314.99	[57 FR 17987, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		180 days	False	True	within 180 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.100
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.101	Filing an application and an abbreviated antibiotic application and receiving an abbreviated new drug application.	(a)(1) Within 60 days after FDA receives an application or abbreviated antibiotic application, the agency will determine whether the application or abbreviated antibiotic application may be filed. The filing of an application or abbreviated antibiotic application means that FDA has made a threshold determination that the application or abbreviated antibiotic application is sufficiently complete to permit a substantive review. (2) If FDA finds that none of the reasons in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section for refusing to file the application or abbreviated antibiotic apply, the agency will file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application and notify the applicant in writing. The date of filing will be the date 60 days after the date FDA received the application or abbreviated antibiotic application. The date of filing begins the 180-day period described in section 505(c) of the act. This 180-day period is called the “filing clock.” (3) If FDA refuses to file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application, the agency will notify the applicant in writing and state the reason under paragraph (d) or (e) of this section for the refusal. If FDA refuses to file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application under paragraph (d) of this section, the applicant may request in writing within 30 days of the date of the agency's notification an informal conference with the agency about whether the agency should file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application. If, following the informal conference, the applicant requests that FDA file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application (with or without amendments to correct the deficiencies), the agency will file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application over protest under paragraph (a)(2) of this section, notify the applicant in writing, and review it as filed. If the application or abbreviated antibiotic application is filed over protest, the date of filing will be the date 60 days after the date the applicant requested the informal conference. The applicant need not resubmit a copy of an application or abbreviated antibiotic application that is filed over protest. If FDA refuses to file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application under paragraph (e) of this section, the applicant may amend the application or abbreviated antibiotic application and resubmit it, and the agency will make a determination under this section whether it may be filed. (b)(1) An abbreviated new drug application will be reviewed after it is submitted to determine whether the abbreviated application may be received. Receipt of an abbreviated new drug application means that FDA has made a threshold determination that the abbreviated application is sufficiently complete to permit a substantive review. (2) If FDA finds that none of the reasons in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section for considering the abbreviated new drug application not to have been received applies, the agency will receive the abbreviated new drug application and notify the applicant in writing. (3) If FDA considers the abbreviated new drug application not to have been received under paragraph (d) or (e) of this section, FDA will notify the applicant, ordinarily by telephone. The applicant may then: (i) Withdraw the abbreviated new drug application under § 314.99; or (ii) Amend the abbreviated new drug application to correct the deficiencies; or (iii) Take no action, in which case FDA will refuse to receive the abbreviated new drug application. (c) [Reserved] (d) FDA may refuse to file an application or abbreviated antibiotic application or may not consider an abbreviated new drug application to be received if any of the following applies: (1) The application or abbreviated application does not contain a completed application form. (2) The application or abbreviated application is not submitted in the form required under § 314.50 or § 314.94. (3) The application or abbreviated application is incomplete because it does not on its face contain information required under section 505(b), section 505(j), or section 507 of the act and § 314.50 or § 314.94. (4) The applicant fails to submit a complete environmental assessment, which addresses each of the items specified in the applicable format under § 25.31 of this chapter or fails to provide sufficient information to establish that the requested action is subject to categorical exclusion under § 25.24 of this chapter. (5) The application or abbreviated application does not contain an accurate and complete English translation of each part of the application that is not in English. (6) The application does not contain a statement for each nonclinical laboratory study that it was conducted in compliance with the requirements set forth in part 58 of this chapter, or, for each study not conducted in compliance with part 58 of this chapter, a brief statement of the reason for the noncompliance. (7) The application does not contain a statement for each clinical study that it was conducted in compliance with the institutional review board regulations in part 56 of this chapter, or was not subject to those regulations, and that it was conducted in compliance with the informed consent regulations in part 50 of this chapter, or, if the study was subject to but was not conducted in compliance with those regulations, the application does not contain a brief statement of the reason for the noncompliance. (8) The drug product that is the subject of the submission is already covered by an approved application or abbreviated application and the applicant of the submission: (i) Has an approved application or abbreviated application for the same drug product; or (ii) Is merely a distributor and/or repackager of the already approved drug product. (9) The application is submitted as a 505(b)(2) application for a drug that is a duplicate of a listed drug and is eligible for approval under section 505(j) of the act. (e) The agency will refuse to file an application or abbreviated antibiotic application or will consider an abbreviated new drug application not to have been received if any of the following applies: (1) The drug product is subject to licensing by FDA under the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 201 et seq.) and subchapter F of this chapter. (2) In the case of a 505(b)(2) application or an abbreviated new drug application, the drug product contains the same active moiety as a drug that: (i) Was approved after September 24, 1984, in an application under section 505(b) of the act, and (ii) Is entitled to a 5-year period of exclusivity under section 505(c)(3)(D)(ii) and (j)(4)(D)(ii) of the act and § 314.108(b)(2), unless the 5-year exclusivity period has elapsed or unless 4 years of the 5-year period have elapsed and the application or abbreviated application contains a certification of patent invalidity or noninfringement described in § 314.50(i)(1)(i)(A)(4) or § 314.94(a)(12)(i)(A)(4). (f)(1) Within 180 days after the date of filing, plus the period of time the review period was extended (if any), FDA will either: (i) Approve the application or abbreviated antibiotic application; or (ii) Issue a notice of opportunity for hearing if the applicant asked FDA to provide it an opportunity for a hearing on an application or abbreviated antibiotic application in response to an approvable letter or a not approvable letter. (2) Within 180 days after the date of receipt, plus the period of time the review clock was extended (if any), FDA will either approve or disapprove the abbreviated new drug application. If FDA disapproves the abbreviated new drug application, FDA will issue a notice of opportunity for hearing if the applicant asked FDA to provide it an opportunity for a hearing on an abbreviated new drug application in response to a not approvable letter. (3) This paragraph does not apply to applications or abbreviated applications that have been withdrawn from FDA review by the applicant.	regulation	[{"label": "(2)", "text": "If FDA finds that none of the reasons in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section for refusing to file the application or abbreviated antibiotic apply, the agency will file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application and notify the applicant in writing. The date of filing will be the date 60 days after the date FDA received the application or abbreviated antibiotic application. The date of filing begins the 180-day period described in section 505(c) of the act. This 180-day period is called the “filing clock.”", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "If FDA refuses to file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application, the agency will notify the applicant in writing and state the reason under paragraph (d) or (e) of this section for the refusal. If FDA refuses to file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application under paragraph (d) of this section, the applicant may request in writing within 30 days of the date of the agency's notification an informal conference with the agency about whether the agency should file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application. If, following the informal conference, the applicant requests that FDA file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application (with or without amendments to correct the deficiencies), the agency will file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application over protest under paragraph (a)(2) of this section, notify the applicant in writing, and review it as filed. If the application or abbreviated antibiotic application is filed over protest, th", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "If FDA finds that none of the reasons in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section for considering the abbreviated new drug application not to have been received applies, the agency will receive the abbreviated new drug application and notify the applicant in writing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "If FDA considers the abbreviated new drug application not to have been received under paragraph (d) or (e) of this section, FDA will notify the applicant, ordinarily by telephone. The applicant may then:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Withdraw the abbreviated new drug application under § 314.99; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Amend the abbreviated new drug application to correct the deficiencies; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Take no action, in which case FDA will refuse to receive the abbreviated new drug application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "[Reserved]", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "FDA may refuse to file an application or abbreviated antibiotic application or may not consider an abbreviated new drug application to be received if any of the following applies:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The application or abbreviated application does not contain a completed application form.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The application or abbreviated application is not submitted in the form required under § 314.50 or § 314.94.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The application or abbreviated application is incomplete because it does not on its face contain information required under section 505(b), section 505(j), or section 507 of the act and § 314.50 or § 314.94.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The applicant fails to submit a complete environmental assessment, which addresses each of the items specified in the applicable format under § 25.31 of this chapter or fails to provide sufficient information to establish that the requested action is subject to categorical exclusion under § 25.24 of this chapter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "The application or abbreviated application does not contain an accurate and complete English translation of each part of the application that is not in English.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "The application does not contain a statement for each nonclinical laboratory study that it was conducted in compliance with the requirements set forth in part 58 of this chapter, or, for each study not conducted in compliance with part 58 of this chapter, a brief statement of the reason for the noncompliance.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "The application does not contain a statement for each clinical study that it was conducted in compliance with the institutional review board regulations in part 56 of this chapter, or was not subject to those regulations, and that it was conducted in compliance with the informed consent regulations in part 50 of this chapter, or, if the study was subject to but was not conducted in compliance with those regulations, the application does not contain a brief statement of the reason for the noncompliance.", "source": null}, {"label": "(8)", "text": "The drug product that is the subject of the submission is already covered by an approved application or abbreviated application and the applicant of the submission:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Has an approved application or abbreviated application for the same drug product; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Is merely a distributor and/or repackager of the already approved drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(9)", "text": "The application is submitted as a 505(b)(2) application for a drug that is a duplicate of a listed drug and is eligible for approval under section 505(j) of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "The agency will refuse to file an application or abbreviated antibiotic application or will consider an abbreviated new drug application not to have been received if any of the following applies:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The drug product is subject to licensing by FDA under the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 201 et seq.) and subchapter F of this chapter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "In the case of a 505(b)(2) application or an abbreviated new drug application, the drug product contains the same active moiety as a drug that:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Was approved after September 24, 1984, in an application under section 505(b) of the act, and", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Is entitled to a 5-year period of exclusivity under section 505(c)(3)(D)(ii) and (j)(4)(D)(ii) of the act and § 314.108(b)(2), unless the 5-year exclusivity period has elapsed or unless 4 years of the 5-year period have elapsed and the application or abbreviated application contains a certification of patent invalidity or noninfringement described in § 314.50(i)(1)(i)(A)(4) or § 314.94(a)(12)(i)(A)(4).", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Approve the application or abbreviated antibiotic application; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Issue a notice of opportunity for hearing if the applicant asked FDA to provide it an opportunity for a hearing on an application or abbreviated antibiotic application in response to an approvable letter or a not approvable letter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Within 180 days after the date of receipt, plus the period of time the review clock was extended (if any), FDA will either approve or disapprove the abbreviated new drug application. If FDA disapproves the abbreviated new drug application, FDA will issue a notice of opportunity for hearing if the applicant asked FDA to provide it an opportunity for a hearing on an abbreviated new drug application in response to a not approvable letter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "This paragraph does not apply to applications or abbreviated applications that have been withdrawn from FDA review by the applicant.", "source": null}]	42 U.S.C. 201	§ 25.24; § 314.94.; § 314.108; § 314.94; § 25.31; § 314.99; § 314.50	[57 FR 17987, Apr. 28, 1992; 57 FR 29353, July 1, 1992, as amended at 59 FR 50366, Oct. 3, 1994]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		180 days; 30 days; 60 days; 4 years	False	True	180 days; 60 days; within 180 day; within 30 day; within 60 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.101
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.102	Communications between FDA and applicants.	(a) General principles. During the course of reviewing an application or an abbreviated application, FDA shall communicate with applicants about scientific, medical, and procedural issues that arise during the review process. Such communication may take the form of telephone conversations, letters, or meetings, whichever is most appropriate to discuss the particular issue at hand. Communications shall be appropriately documented in the application in accordance with § 10.65 of this chapter. Further details on the procedures for communication between FDA and applicants are contained in a staff manual guide that is publicly available. (b) Notification of easily correctable deficiencies. FDA reviewers shall make every reasonable effort to communicate promptly to applicants easily correctable deficiencies found in an application or an abbreviated application when those deficiencies are discovered, particularly deficiencies concerning chemistry, manufacturing, and controls issues. The agency will also inform applicants promptly of its need for more data or information or for technical changes in the application or the abbreviated application needed to facilitate the agency's review. This early communication is intended to permit applicants to correct such readily identified deficiencies relatively early in the review process and to submit an amendment before the review period has elapsed. Such early communication would not ordinarily apply to major scientific issues, which require consideration of the entire pending application or abbreviated application by agency managers as well as reviewing staff. Instead, major scientific issues will ordinarily be addressed in an action letter. (c) Ninety-day conference. Approximately 90 days after the agency receives the application, FDA will provide applicants with an opportunity to meet with agency reviewing officials. The purpose of the meeting will be to inform applicants of the general progress and status of their applications, and to advise applicants of deficiencies that have been identified by that time and that have not already been communicated. This meeting will be available on applications for all new chemical entities and major new indications of marketed drugs. Such meetings will be held at the applicant's option, and may be held by telephone if mutually agreed upon. Such meetings would not ordinarily be held on abbreviated applications because they are not submitted for new chemical entities or new indications. (d) End of review conference. At the conclusion of FDA's review of an application or an abbreviated application as designated by the issuance of an approvable or not approvable letter, FDA will provide applicants with an opportunity to meet with agency reviewing officials. The purpose of the meeting will be to discuss what further steps need to be taken by the applicant before the application or abbreviated application can be approved. This meeting will be available on all applications or abbreviated applications, with priority given to applications for new chemical entities and major new indications for marketed drugs and for the first duplicates for such drugs. Requests for such meetings shall be directed to the director of the division responsible for reviewing the application or abbreviated application. (e) Other meetings. Other meetings between FDA and applicants may be held, with advance notice, to discuss scientific, medical, and other issues that arise during the review process. Requests for meetings shall be directed to the director of the division responsible for reviewing the application or abbreviated application. FDA will make every attempt to grant requests for meetings that involve important issues and that can be scheduled at mutually convenient times. However, “drop-in” visits (i.e., an unannounced and unscheduled visit by a company representative) are discouraged except for urgent matters, such as to discuss an important new safety issue.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "General principles. During the course of reviewing an application or an abbreviated application, FDA shall communicate with applicants about scientific, medical, and procedural issues that arise during the review process. Such communication may take the form of telephone conversations, letters, or meetings, whichever is most appropriate to discuss the particular issue at hand. Communications shall be appropriately documented in the application in accordance with § 10.65 of this chapter. Further details on the procedures for communication between FDA and applicants are contained in a staff manual guide that is publicly available.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Notification of easily correctable deficiencies. FDA reviewers shall make every reasonable effort to communicate promptly to applicants easily correctable deficiencies found in an application or an abbreviated application when those deficiencies are discovered, particularly deficiencies concerning chemistry, manufacturing, and controls issues. The agency will also inform applicants promptly of its need for more data or information or for technical changes in the application or the abbreviated application needed to facilitate the agency's review. This early communication is intended to permit applicants to correct such readily identified deficiencies relatively early in the review process and to submit an amendment before the review period has elapsed. Such early communication would not ordinarily apply to major scientific issues, which require consideration of the entire pending application or abbreviated application by agency managers as well as reviewing staff. Instead, major scienti", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Ninety-day conference. Approximately 90 days after the agency receives the application, FDA will provide applicants with an opportunity to meet with agency reviewing officials. The purpose of the meeting will be to inform applicants of the general progress and status of their applications, and to advise applicants of deficiencies that have been identified by that time and that have not already been communicated. This meeting will be available on applications for all new chemical entities and major new indications of marketed drugs. Such meetings will be held at the applicant's option, and may be held by telephone if mutually agreed upon. Such meetings would not ordinarily be held on abbreviated applications because they are not submitted for new chemical entities or new indications.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "End of review conference. At the conclusion of FDA's review of an application or an abbreviated application as designated by the issuance of an approvable or not approvable letter, FDA will provide applicants with an opportunity to meet with agency reviewing officials. The purpose of the meeting will be to discuss what further steps need to be taken by the applicant before the application or abbreviated application can be approved. This meeting will be available on all applications or abbreviated applications, with priority given to applications for new chemical entities and major new indications for marketed drugs and for the first duplicates for such drugs. Requests for such meetings shall be directed to the director of the division responsible for reviewing the application or abbreviated application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Other meetings. Other meetings between FDA and applicants may be held, with advance notice, to discuss scientific, medical, and other issues that arise during the review process. Requests for meetings shall be directed to the director of the division responsible for reviewing the application or abbreviated application. FDA will make every attempt to grant requests for meetings that involve important issues and that can be scheduled at mutually convenient times. However, “drop-in” visits (i.e., an unannounced and unscheduled visit by a company representative) are discouraged except for urgent matters, such as to discuss an important new safety issue.", "source": null}]		§ 10.65	[57 FR 17988, Apr. 28, 1992; 57 FR 29353, July 1, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		90 days	False	True	90 days	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.102
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.103	Dispute resolution.	(a) General. FDA is committed to resolving differences between applicants and FDA reviewing divisions with respect to technical requirements for applications or abbreviated applications as quickly and amicably as possible through the cooperative exchange of information and views. (b) Administrative and procedural issues. When administrative or procedural disputes arise, the applicant should first attempt to resolve the matter with the division responsible for reviewing the application or abbreviated application, beginning with the consumer safety officer assigned to the application or abbreviated application. If resolution is not achieved, the applicant may raise the matter with the person designated as ombudsman, whose function shall be to investigate what has happened and to facilitate a timely and equitable resolution. Appropriate issues to raise with the ombudsman include resolving difficulties in scheduling meetings, obtaining timely replies to inquiries, and obtaining timely completion of pending reviews. Further details on this procedure are contained in a staff manual guide that is publicly available under FDA's public information regulations in part 20. (c) Scientific and medical disputes. (1) Because major scientific issues are ordinarily communicated to applicants in an approvable or not approvable letter pursuant to § 314.110 or § 314.120, respectively, the “end-of-review conference” described in § 314.102(d) will provide a timely forum for discussing and resolving, if possible, scientific and medical issues on which the applicant disagrees with the agency. In addition, the “ninety-day conference” described in § 314.102(c) will provide a timely forum for discussing and resolving, if possible, issues identified by that date. (2) When scientific or medical disputes arise at other times during the review process, applicants should discuss the matter directly with the responsible reviewing officials. If necessary, applicants may request a meeting with the appropriate reviewing officials and management representatives in order to seek a resolution. Ordinarily, such meetings would be held first with the Division Director, then with the Office Director, and finally with the Center Director if the matter is still unresolved. Requests for such meetings shall be directed to the director of the division responsible for reviewing the application or abrreviated application. FDA will make every attempt to grant requests for meetings that involve important issues and that can be scheduled at mutually convenient times. (3) In requesting a meeting designed to resolve a scientific or medical dispute, applicants may suggest that FDA seek the advice of outside experts, in which case FDA may, in its discretion, invite to the meeting one or more of its advisory committee members or other consultants, as designated by the agency. Applicants may also bring their own consultants. For major scientific and medical policy issues not resolved by informal meetings, FDA may refer the matter to one of its standing advisory committees for its consideration and recommendations.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "General. FDA is committed to resolving differences between applicants and FDA reviewing divisions with respect to technical requirements for applications or abbreviated applications as quickly and amicably as possible through the cooperative exchange of information and views.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Administrative and procedural issues. When administrative or procedural disputes arise, the applicant should first attempt to resolve the matter with the division responsible for reviewing the application or abbreviated application, beginning with the consumer safety officer assigned to the application or abbreviated application. If resolution is not achieved, the applicant may raise the matter with the person designated as ombudsman, whose function shall be to investigate what has happened and to facilitate a timely and equitable resolution. Appropriate issues to raise with the ombudsman include resolving difficulties in scheduling meetings, obtaining timely replies to inquiries, and obtaining timely completion of pending reviews. Further details on this procedure are contained in a staff manual guide that is publicly available under FDA's public information regulations in part 20.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Scientific and medical disputes. (1) Because major scientific issues are ordinarily communicated to applicants in an approvable or not approvable letter pursuant to § 314.110 or § 314.120, respectively, the “end-of-review conference” described in § 314.102(d) will provide a timely forum for discussing and resolving, if possible, scientific and medical issues on which the applicant disagrees with the agency. In addition, the “ninety-day conference” described in § 314.102(c) will provide a timely forum for discussing and resolving, if possible, issues identified by that date.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "When scientific or medical disputes arise at other times during the review process, applicants should discuss the matter directly with the responsible reviewing officials. If necessary, applicants may request a meeting with the appropriate reviewing officials and management representatives in order to seek a resolution. Ordinarily, such meetings would be held first with the Division Director, then with the Office Director, and finally with the Center Director if the matter is still unresolved. Requests for such meetings shall be directed to the director of the division responsible for reviewing the application or abrreviated application. FDA will make every attempt to grant requests for meetings that involve important issues and that can be scheduled at mutually convenient times.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "In requesting a meeting designed to resolve a scientific or medical dispute, applicants may suggest that FDA seek the advice of outside experts, in which case FDA may, in its discretion, invite to the meeting one or more of its advisory committee members or other consultants, as designated by the agency. Applicants may also bring their own consultants. For major scientific and medical policy issues not resolved by informal meetings, FDA may refer the matter to one of its standing advisory committees for its consideration and recommendations.", "source": null}]		§ 314.110; § 314.102; § 314.120	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985; 50 FR 14212, Apr. 11, 1985, as amended at 57 FR 17989, Apr. 28, 1992]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.103
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.104	Drugs with potential for abuse.	The Food and Drug Administration will inform the Drug Enforcement Administration under section 201(f) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 801) when an application or abbreviated application is submitted for a drug that appears to have an abuse potential.	regulation		21 U.S.C. 801		[57 FR 17989, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.104
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.105	Approval of an application and an abbreviated application.	(a) The Food and Drug Administration will approve an application or an abbreviated antibiotic application and sent the applicant an approval letter if none of the reasons in § 314.125 for refusing to approve the application or abbreviated antibiotic application applies. An approval becomes effective on the date of the issuance of the approval letter, except with regard to an approval under section 505(b)(2) of the act with a delayed effective date. An approval with a delayed effective date is tentative and does not become final until the effective date. When FDA sends an applicant an approval letter for an antibiotic, it will promulgate a regulation under § 314.300 providing for certification of the drug, if necessary. A new drug product or antibiotic approved under this paragraph may not be marketed until an approval is effective. Marketing of an antibiotic need not await the promulgation of a regulation under § 314.300. (b) FDA will approve an application or abbreviated antibiotic application and issue the applicant an approval letter (rather than an approvable letter under § 314.110) on the basis of draft labeling if the only deficiencies in the application or abbreviated antibiotic application concern editorial or similar minor deficiencies in the draft labeling. Such approval will be conditioned upon the applicant incorporating the specified labeling changes exactly as directed, and upon the applicant submitting to FDA a copy of the final printed labeling prior to marketing. (c) FDA will approve an application after it determines that the drug meets the statutory standards for safety and effectiveness, manufacturing and controls, and labeling, and an abbreviated application after it determines that the drug meets the statutory standards for manufacturing and controls, labeling, and, where applicable, bioequivalence. While the statutory standards apply to all drugs, the many kinds of drugs that are subject to the statutory standards and the wide range of uses for those drugs demand flexibility in applying the standards. Thus FDA is required to exercise its scientific judgment to determine the kind and quantity of data and information an applicant is required to provide for a particular drug to meet the statutory standards. FDA makes its views on drug products and classes of drugs available through guidelines, recommendations, and other statements of policy. (d) FDA will approve an abbreviated new drug application and send the applicant an approval letter if none of the reasons in § 314.127 for refusing to approve the abbreviated new drug application applies. The approval becomes effective on the date of the issuance of the agency's approval letter unless the approval letter provides for a delayed effective date. An approval with a delayed effective date is tentative and does not become final until the effective date. A new drug product approved under this paragraph may not be introduced or delivered for introduction into interstate commerce until approval of the abbreviated new drug application is effective. Ordinarily, the effective date of approval will be stated in the approval letter.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The Food and Drug Administration will approve an application or an abbreviated antibiotic application and sent the applicant an approval letter if none of the reasons in § 314.125 for refusing to approve the application or abbreviated antibiotic application applies. An approval becomes effective on the date of the issuance of the approval letter, except with regard to an approval under section 505(b)(2) of the act with a delayed effective date. An approval with a delayed effective date is tentative and does not become final until the effective date. When FDA sends an applicant an approval letter for an antibiotic, it will promulgate a regulation under § 314.300 providing for certification of the drug, if necessary. A new drug product or antibiotic approved under this paragraph may not be marketed until an approval is effective. Marketing of an antibiotic need not await the promulgation of a regulation under § 314.300.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "FDA will approve an application or abbreviated antibiotic application and issue the applicant an approval letter (rather than an approvable letter under § 314.110) on the basis of draft labeling if the only deficiencies in the application or abbreviated antibiotic application concern editorial or similar minor deficiencies in the draft labeling. Such approval will be conditioned upon the applicant incorporating the specified labeling changes exactly as directed, and upon the applicant submitting to FDA a copy of the final printed labeling prior to marketing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "FDA will approve an application after it determines that the drug meets the statutory standards for safety and effectiveness, manufacturing and controls, and labeling, and an abbreviated application after it determines that the drug meets the statutory standards for manufacturing and controls, labeling, and, where applicable, bioequivalence. While the statutory standards apply to all drugs, the many kinds of drugs that are subject to the statutory standards and the wide range of uses for those drugs demand flexibility in applying the standards. Thus FDA is required to exercise its scientific judgment to determine the kind and quantity of data and information an applicant is required to provide for a particular drug to meet the statutory standards. FDA makes its views on drug products and classes of drugs available through guidelines, recommendations, and other statements of policy.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "FDA will approve an abbreviated new drug application and send the applicant an approval letter if none of the reasons in § 314.127 for refusing to approve the abbreviated new drug application applies. The approval becomes effective on the date of the issuance of the agency's approval letter unless the approval letter provides for a delayed effective date. An approval with a delayed effective date is tentative and does not become final until the effective date. A new drug product approved under this paragraph may not be introduced or delivered for introduction into interstate commerce until approval of the abbreviated new drug application is effective. Ordinarily, the effective date of approval will be stated in the approval letter.", "source": null}]		§ 314.110; § 314.125; § 314.127; § 314.300.; § 314.300	[57 FR 17989, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.105
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.106	Foreign data.	(a) General. The acceptance of foreign data in an application generally is governed by § 312.120 of this chapter. (b) As sole basis for marketing approval. An application based solely on foreign clinical data meeting U.S. criteria for marketing approval may be approved if: (1) The foreign data are applicable to the U.S. population and U.S. medical practice; (2) the studies have been performed by clinical investigators of recognized competence; and (3) the data may be considered valid without the need for an on-site inspection by FDA or, if FDA considers such an inspection to be necessary, FDA is able to validate the data through an on-site inspection or other appropriate means. Failure of an application to meet any of these criteria will result in the application not being approvable based on the foreign data alone. FDA will apply this policy in a flexible manner according to the nature of the drug and the data being considered. (c) Consultation between FDA and applicants. Applicants are encouraged to meet with agency officials in a “presubmission” meeting when approval based solely on foreign data will be sought.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "General. The acceptance of foreign data in an application generally is governed by § 312.120 of this chapter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "As sole basis for marketing approval. An application based solely on foreign clinical data meeting U.S. criteria for marketing approval may be approved if: (1) The foreign data are applicable to the U.S. population and U.S. medical practice; (2) the studies have been performed by clinical investigators of recognized competence; and (3) the data may be considered valid without the need for an on-site inspection by FDA or, if FDA considers such an inspection to be necessary, FDA is able to validate the data through an on-site inspection or other appropriate means. Failure of an application to meet any of these criteria will result in the application not being approvable based on the foreign data alone. FDA will apply this policy in a flexible manner according to the nature of the drug and the data being considered.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Consultation between FDA and applicants. Applicants are encouraged to meet with agency officials in a “presubmission” meeting when approval based solely on foreign data will be sought.", "source": null}]		§ 312.120	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985, as amended at 55 FR 11580, Mar. 29, 1990]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.106
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.107	Effective date of approval of a 505(b)(2) application or abbreviated new drug application under section 505(j) of the act.	(a) General. A drug product may be introduced or delivered for introduction into interstate commerce when approval of the application or abbreviated application for the drug product becomes effective. Except as provided in this section, approval of an application or abbreviated application for a drug product becomes effective on the date FDA issues an approval letter under § 314.105 for the application or abbreviated application. (b) Effect of patent on the listed drug. If approval of an abbreviated new drug application submitted under section 505(j) of the act or of a 505(b)(2) application is granted, that approval will become effective in accordance with the following: (1) Date of approval letter. Except as provided in paragraphs (b)(3), (b)(4), and (c) of this section, approval will become effective on the date FDA issues an approval letter under § 314.105 if the applicant certifies under § 314.50(i) or § 314.94(a)(12) that: (i) There are no relevant patents; or (ii) The applicant is aware of a relevant patent but the patent information required under section 505 (b) or (c) of the act has not been submitted to FDA; or (iii) The relevant patent has expired; or (iv) The relevant patent is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed. (2) Patent expiration. If the applicant certifies under § 314.50(i) or § 314.94(a)(12) that the relevant patent will expire on a specified date, approval will become effective on the specified date. (3) Disposition of patent litigation. (i)(A) Except as provided in paragraphs (b)(3)(ii), (b)(3)(iii), and (b)(3)(iv) of this section, if the applicant certifies under § 314.50(i) or § 314.94(a)(12) that the relevant patent is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed, and the patent owner or its representative or the exclusive patent licensee brings suit for patent infringement within 45 days of receipt by the patent owner of the notice of certification from the applicant under § 314.52 or § 314.95, approval may be made effective 30 months after the date of the receipt of the notice of certification by the patent owner or by the exclusive licensee (or their representatives) unless the court has extended or reduced the period because of a failure of either the plaintiff or defendant to cooperate reasonably in expediting the action; or (B) If the patented drug product qualifies for 5 years of exclusive marketing under § 314.108(b)(2) and the patent owner or its representative or the exclusive patent licensee brings suit for patent infringement during the 1-year period beginning 4 years after the date the patented drug was approved and within 45 days of receipt by the patent owner of the notice of certification, the approval may be made effective at the expiration of the 71/2 years from the date of approval of the application for the patented drug product. (ii) If before the expiration of the 30-month period, or 71/2 years where applicable, the court issues a final order that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed, approval may be made effective on the date the court enters judgment; (iii) If before the expiration of the 30-month period, or 71/2 years where applicable, the court issues a final order or judgment that the patent has been infringed, approval may be made effective on the date the court determines that the patent will expire or otherwise orders; or (iv) If before the expiration of the 30-month period, or 71/2 years where applicable, the court grants a preliminary injunction prohibiting the applicant from engaging in the commercial manufacture or sale of the drug product until the court decides the issues of patent validity and infringement, and if the court later decides that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed, approval may be made effective on the date the court enters a final order or judgment that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed. (v) In order for an approval to be made effective under paragraph (b)(3) of this section, the applicant must receive an approval letter from the agency indicating that the application has received final approval. Tentative approval of an application does not constitute “approval” of an application and cannot, absent a final approval letter from the agency, result in an effective approval under paragraph (b)(3) of this section. (4) Multiple certifications. If the applicant has submitted certifications under § 314.50(i) or § 314.94(a)(12) for more than one patent, the date of approval will be calculated for each certification, and the approval will become effective on the last applicable date. (c) Subsequent abbreviated new drug application submission. (1) If an abbreviated new drug application contains a certification that a relevant patent is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed and the application is for a generic copy of the same listed drug for which one or more substantially complete abbreviated new drug applications were previously submitted containing a certification that the same patent was invalid, unenforceable, or would not be infringed and the applicant submitting the first application has successfully defended against a suit for patent infringement brought within 45 days of the patent owner's receipt of notice submitted under § 314.95, approval of the subsequent abbreviated new drug application will be made effective no sooner than 180 days from whichever of the following dates is earlier: (i) The date the applicant submitting the first application first commences commercial marketing of its drug product; or (ii) The date of a decision of the court holding the relevant patent invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed. (2) For purposes of paragraph (c)(1) of this section, the “applicant submitting the first application” is the applicant that submits an application that is both substantially complete and contains a certification that the patent was invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed prior to the submission of any other application for the same listed drug that is both substantially complete and contains the same certification. A “substantially complete” application must contain the results of any required bioequivalence studies, or, if applicable, a request for a waiver of such studies. (3) For purposes of paragraph (c)(1) of this section, if FDA concludes that the applicant submitting the first application is not actively pursuing approval of its abbreviated application, FDA will make the approval of subsequent abbreviated applications immediately effective if they are otherwise eligible for an immediately effective approval. (4) For purposes of paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, the applicant submitting the first application shall, if sued for patent infringement, notify FDA of the date that it commences commercial marketing of its drug product. Commercial marketing commences with the first date of introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate commerce outside the control of the manufacturer of a drug product, except for investigational use under part 312 of this chapter, but does not include transfer of the drug product for reasons other than sale within the control of the manufacturer or application holder. If an applicant does not promptly notify FDA of such date, the effective date of approval shall be deemed to be the date of the commencement of first commercial marketing. (d) Delay due to exclusivity. The agency will also delay the effective date of the approval of an abbreviated new drug application under section 505(j) of the act or a 505(b)(2) application if delay is required by the exclusivity provisions in § 314.108. When the effective date of an application is delayed under both this section and § 314.108, the effective date will be the later of the 2 days specified under this section and § 314.108. (e) Court actions. (1) References to actions of “the court” in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section are to the court that enters final judgment from which no appeal can be or has been taken. (2) For purposes of establishing the effective date of approval based on a court judgment, the following dates shall be deemed to be the date of the final decision of the court on the patent issues: (i) If the district court enters a decision that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed, and the decision is not appealed, the date on which the right to appeal lapses. (ii) If the district court enters a decision that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed, and the decision is appealed, the date of the first decision or order by a higher court holding or affirming the decision of the district court that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed. (iii) If the district court enters a decision that the patent is infringed, and the decision is appealed, the date on which the district court enters a judgment that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed pursuant to a mandate issued by a court of appeals. (iv) The applicant shall submit a copy of the entry of the order or judgment to the Office of Generic Drugs (HFD-600), or to the appropriate division in the Office of Drug Evaluation I (HFD-100) or Office of Drug Evaluation II (HFD-500), whichever is applicable, within 10 working days of a final judgment. (f) Computation of 45-day time clock. (1) The 45-day clock described in paragraph (b)(3) of this section begins on the day after the date of receipt of the applicant's notice of certification by the patent owner or its representative, and by the approved application holder. When the 45th day falls on Saturday, Sunday, or a Federal holiday, the 45th day will be the next day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or a Federal holiday. (2) The abbreviated new drug applicant or the 505(b)(2) applicant shall notify FDA immediately of the filing of any legal action filed within 45 days of receipt of the notice of certification. If the applicant submitting the abbreviated new drug application or the 505(b)(2) application or patent owner or its representative does not notify FDA in writing before the expiration of the 45-day time period or the completion of the agency's review of the application, whichever occurs later, that a legal action for patent infringement was filed within 45 days of receipt of the notice of certification, approval of the abbreviated new drug application or the 505(b)(2) application will be made effective immediately upon expiration of the 45 days or upon completion of the agency's review and approval of the application, whichever is later. The notification to FDA of the legal action shall include: (i) The abbreviated new drug application or 505(b)(2) application number. (ii) The name of the abbreviated new drug or 505(b)(2) application applicant. (iii) The established name of the drug product or, if no established name exists, the name(s) of the active ingredient(s), the drug product's strength, and dosage form. (iv) A certification that an action for patent infringement identified by number, has been filed in an appropriate court on a specified date. The applicant of an abbreviated new drug application shall send the notification to FDA's Office of Generic Drugs (HFD-600). A 505(b)(2) applicant shall send the notification to the appropriate division in the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research reviewing the application. A patent owner or its representative may also notify FDA of the filing of any legal action for patent infringement. The notice should contain the information and be sent to the offices or divisions described in this paragraph. (3) If the patent owner or approved application holder who is an exclusive patent licensee waives its opportunity to file a legal action for patent infringement within 45 days of a receipt of the notice of certification and the patent owner or approved application holder who is an exclusive patent licensee submits to FDA a valid waiver before the 45 days elapse, approval of the abbreviated new drug application or the 505(b)(2) application will be made effective upon completion of the agency's review and approval of the application. FDA will only accept a waiver in the following form: (Name of patent owner or exclusive patent licensee) has received notice from (name of applicant) under (section 505(b)(3) or 505(j)(2)(B) of the act) and does not intend to file an action for patent infringement against (name of applicant) concerning the drug (name of drug) before (date on which 45 days elapses. (Name of patent owner or exclusive patent licensee) waives the opportunity provided by (section 505(c)(3)(C) or 505(j)(B)(iii) of the act) and does not object to FDA's approval of (name of applicant)'s (505(b)(2) or abbreviated new drug application) for (name of drug) with an immediate effective date on or after the date of this letter.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "General. A drug product may be introduced or delivered for introduction into interstate commerce when approval of the application or abbreviated application for the drug product becomes effective. Except as provided in this section, approval of an application or abbreviated application for a drug product becomes effective on the date FDA issues an approval letter under § 314.105 for the application or abbreviated application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Effect of patent on the listed drug. If approval of an abbreviated new drug application submitted under section 505(j) of the act or of a 505(b)(2) application is granted, that approval will become effective in accordance with the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Date of approval letter. Except as provided in paragraphs (b)(3), (b)(4), and (c) of this section, approval will become effective on the date FDA issues an approval letter under § 314.105 if the applicant certifies under § 314.50(i) or § 314.94(a)(12) that:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "There are no relevant patents; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "The applicant is aware of a relevant patent but the patent information required under section 505 (b) or (c) of the act has not been submitted to FDA; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "The relevant patent has expired; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "The relevant patent is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Patent expiration. If the applicant certifies under § 314.50(i) or § 314.94(a)(12) that the relevant patent will expire on a specified date, approval will become effective on the specified date.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Disposition of patent litigation. (i)(A) Except as provided in paragraphs (b)(3)(ii), (b)(3)(iii), and (b)(3)(iv) of this section, if the applicant certifies under § 314.50(i) or § 314.94(a)(12) that the relevant patent is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed, and the patent owner or its representative or the exclusive patent licensee brings suit for patent infringement within 45 days of receipt by the patent owner of the notice of certification from the applicant under § 314.52 or § 314.95, approval may be made effective 30 months after the date of the receipt of the notice of certification by the patent owner or by the exclusive licensee (or their representatives) unless the court has extended or reduced the period because of a failure of either the plaintiff or defendant to cooperate reasonably in expediting the action; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "If the patented drug product qualifies for 5 years of exclusive marketing under § 314.108(b)(2) and the patent owner or its representative or the exclusive patent licensee brings suit for patent infringement during the 1-year period beginning 4 years after the date the patented drug was approved and within 45 days of receipt by the patent owner of the notice of certification, the approval may be made effective at the expiration of the 71/2 years from the date of approval of the application for the patented drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "If before the expiration of the 30-month period, or 71/2 years where applicable, the court issues a final order that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed, approval may be made effective on the date the court enters judgment;", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "If before the expiration of the 30-month period, or 71/2 years where applicable, the court issues a final order or judgment that the patent has been infringed, approval may be made effective on the date the court determines that the patent will expire or otherwise orders; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "If before the expiration of the 30-month period, or 71/2 years where applicable, the court grants a preliminary injunction prohibiting the applicant from engaging in the commercial manufacture or sale of the drug product until the court decides the issues of patent validity and infringement, and if the court later decides that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed, approval may be made effective on the date the court enters a final order or judgment that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "In order for an approval to be made effective under paragraph (b)(3) of this section, the applicant must receive an approval letter from the agency indicating that the application has received final approval. Tentative approval of an application does not constitute “approval” of an application and cannot, absent a final approval letter from the agency, result in an effective approval under paragraph (b)(3) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Multiple certifications. If the applicant has submitted certifications under § 314.50(i) or § 314.94(a)(12) for more than one patent, the date of approval will be calculated for each certification, and the approval will become effective on the last applicable date.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Subsequent abbreviated new drug application submission.", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "If an abbreviated new drug application contains a certification that a relevant patent is invalid, unenforceable, or will not be infringed and the application is for a generic copy of the same listed drug for which one or more substantially complete abbreviated new drug applications were previously submitted containing a certification that the same patent was invalid, unenforceable, or would not be infringed and the applicant submitting the first application has successfully defended against a suit for patent infringement brought within 45 days of the patent owner's receipt of notice submitted under § 314.95, approval of the subsequent abbreviated new drug application will be made effective no sooner than 180 days from whichever of the following dates is earlier:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The date the applicant submitting the first application first commences commercial marketing of its drug product; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "The date of a decision of the court holding the relevant patent invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "For purposes of paragraph (c)(1) of this section, the “applicant submitting the first application” is the applicant that submits an application that is both substantially complete and contains a certification that the patent was invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed prior to the submission of any other application for the same listed drug that is both substantially complete and contains the same certification. A “substantially complete” application must contain the results of any required bioequivalence studies, or, if applicable, a request for a waiver of such studies.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "For purposes of paragraph (c)(1) of this section, if FDA concludes that the applicant submitting the first application is not actively pursuing approval of its abbreviated application, FDA will make the approval of subsequent abbreviated applications immediately effective if they are otherwise eligible for an immediately effective approval.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "For purposes of paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, the applicant submitting the first application shall, if sued for patent infringement, notify FDA of the date that it commences commercial marketing of its drug product. Commercial marketing commences with the first date of introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate commerce outside the control of the manufacturer of a drug product, except for investigational use under part 312 of this chapter, but does not include transfer of the drug product for reasons other than sale within the control of the manufacturer or application holder. If an applicant does not promptly notify FDA of such date, the effective date of approval shall be deemed to be the date of the commencement of first commercial marketing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Delay due to exclusivity. The agency will also delay the effective date of the approval of an abbreviated new drug application under section 505(j) of the act or a 505(b)(2) application if delay is required by the exclusivity provisions in § 314.108. When the effective date of an application is delayed under both this section and § 314.108, the effective date will be the later of the 2 days specified under this section and § 314.108.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Court actions. (1) References to actions of “the court” in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section are to the court that enters final judgment from which no appeal can be or has been taken.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "For purposes of establishing the effective date of approval based on a court judgment, the following dates shall be deemed to be the date of the final decision of the court on the patent issues:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "If the district court enters a decision that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed, and the decision is not appealed, the date on which the right to appeal lapses.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "If the district court enters a decision that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed, and the decision is appealed, the date of the first decision or order by a higher court holding or affirming the decision of the district court that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "If the district court enters a decision that the patent is infringed, and the decision is appealed, the date on which the district court enters a judgment that the patent is invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed pursuant to a mandate issued by a court of appeals.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "The applicant shall submit a copy of the entry of the order or judgment to the Office of Generic Drugs (HFD-600), or to the appropriate division in the Office of Drug Evaluation I (HFD-100) or Office of Drug Evaluation II (HFD-500), whichever is applicable, within 10 working days of a final judgment.", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "Computation of 45-day time clock. (1) The 45-day clock described in paragraph (b)(3) of this section begins on the day after the date of receipt of the applicant's notice of certification by the patent owner or its representative, and by the approved application holder. When the 45th day falls on Saturday, Sunday, or a Federal holiday, the 45th day will be the next day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or a Federal holiday.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The abbreviated new drug applicant or the 505(b)(2) applicant shall notify FDA immediately of the filing of any legal action filed within 45 days of receipt of the notice of certification. If the applicant submitting the abbreviated new drug application or the 505(b)(2) application or patent owner or its representative does not notify FDA in writing before the expiration of the 45-day time period or the completion of the agency's review of the application, whichever occurs later, that a legal action for patent infringement was filed within 45 days of receipt of the notice of certification, approval of the abbreviated new drug application or the 505(b)(2) application will be made effective immediately upon expiration of the 45 days or upon completion of the agency's review and approval of the application, whichever is later. The notification to FDA of the legal action shall include:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The abbreviated new drug application or 505(b)(2) application number.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "The name of the abbreviated new drug or 505(b)(2) application applicant.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "The established name of the drug product or, if no established name exists, the name(s) of the active ingredient(s), the drug product's strength, and dosage form.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "A certification that an action for patent infringement identified by number, has been filed in an appropriate court on a specified date.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "If the patent owner or approved application holder who is an exclusive patent licensee waives its opportunity to file a legal action for patent infringement within 45 days of a receipt of the notice of certification and the patent owner or approved application holder who is an exclusive patent licensee submits to FDA a valid waiver before the 45 days elapse, approval of the abbreviated new drug application or the 505(b)(2) application will be made effective upon completion of the agency's review and approval of the application. FDA will only accept a waiver in the following form:", "source": null}]		§ 314.105; § 314.94; § 314.108; § 314.52; § 314.108.; § 314.95; § 314.50	[59 FR 50367, Oct. 3, 1994]	Oct. 3, 1994	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		180 days; 45 days; 5 years; 4 years; 30 months; 2 years; 2 days	False	True	180 days; 4 years; 30 months; 2 years; within 45 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.107
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.108	New drug product exclusivity.	(a) Definitions. The following definitions of terms apply to this section: Active moiety means the molecule or ion, excluding those appended portions of the molecule that cause the drug to be an ester, salt (including a salt with hydrogen or coordination bonds), or other noncovalent derivative (such as a complex, chelate, or clathrate) of the molecule, responsible for the physiological or pharmacological action of the drug substance. Approved under section 505(b) means an application submitted under section 505(b) and approved on or after October 10, 1962, or an application that was “deemed approved” under section 107(c)(2) of Pub. L. 87-781. Clinical investigation means any experiment other than a bioavailability study in which a drug is administered or dispensed to, or used on, human subjects. Conducted or sponsored by the applicant with regard to an investigation means that before or during the investigation, the applicant was named in Form FDA-1571 filed with FDA as the sponsor of the investigational new drug application under which the investigation was conducted, or the applicant or the applicant's predecessor in interest, provided substantial support for the investigation. To demonstrate “substantial support,” an applicant must either provide a certified statement from a certified public accountant that the applicant provided 50 percent or more of the cost of conducting the study or provide an explanation why FDA should consider the applicant to have conducted or sponsored the study if the applicant's financial contribution to the study is less than 50 percent or the applicant did not sponsor the investigational new drug. A predecessor in interest is an entity, e.g., a corporation, that the applicant has taken over, merged with, or purchased, or from which the applicant has purchased all rights to the drug. Purchase of nonexclusive rights to a clinical investigation after it is completed is not sufficient to satisfy this definition. Date of approval means the date on the letter from FDA stating that the new drug application is approved, whether or not final printed labeling or other materials must yet be submitted as long as approval of such labeling or materials is not expressly required. “Date of approval” refers only to a final approval and not to a tentative approval that may become effective at a later date. Essential to approval means, with regard to an investigation, that there are no other data available that could support approval of the application. FDA means the Food and Drug Administration. New chemical entity means a drug that contains no active moiety that has been approved by FDA in any other application submitted under section 505(b) of the act. New clinical investigation means an investigation in humans the results of which have not been relied on by FDA to demonstrate substantial evidence of effectiveness of a previously approved drug product for any indication or of safety for a new patient population and do not duplicate the results of another investigation that was relied on by the agency to demonstrate the effectiveness or safety in a new patient population of a previously approved drug product. For purposes of this section, data from a clinical investigation previously submitted for use in the comprehensive evaluation of the safety of a drug product but not to support the effectiveness of the drug product would be considered new. (b) Submission of and effective date of approval of an abbreviated new drug application submitted under section 505(j) of the act or a 505(b)(2) application. (1) [Reserved] (2) If a drug product that contains a new chemical entity was approved after September 24, 1984, in an application submitted under section 505(b) of the act, no person may submit a 505(b)(2) application or abbreviated new drug application under section 505(j) of the act for a drug product that contains the same active moiety as in the new chemical entity for a period of 5 years from the date of approval of the first approved new drug application, except that the 505(b)(2) application or abbreviated application may be submitted after 4 years if it contains a certification of patent invalidity or noninfringement described in § 314.50(i)(1)(i)(A)(4) or § 314.94(a)(12)(i)(A)(4). (3) The approval of a 505(b)(2) application or abbreviated application described in paragraph (b)(2) of this section will become effective as provided in § 314.107(b)(1) or (b)(2), unless the owner of a patent that claims the drug, the patent owner's representative, or exclusive licensee brings suit for patent infringement against the applicant during the 1-year period beginning 48 months after the date of approval of the new drug application for the new chemical entity and within 45 days after receipt of the notice described at § 314.52 or § 314.95, in which case, approval of the 505(b)(2) application or abbreviated application will be made effective as provided in § 314.107(b)(3). (4) If an application: (i) Was submitted under section 505(b) of the act; (ii) Was approved after September 24, 1984; (iii) Was for a drug product that contains an active moiety that has been previously approved in another application under section 505(b) of the act; and (iv) Contained reports of new clinical investigations (other than bioavailability studies) conducted or sponsored by the applicant that were essential to approval of the application, the agency will not make effective for a period of 3 years after the date of approval of the application the approval of a 505(b)(2) application or an abbreviated new drug application for the conditions of approval of the original application, or an abbreviated new drug application submitted pursuant to an approved petition under section 505(j)(2)(C) of the act that relies on the information supporting the conditions of approval of an original new drug application. (5) If a supplemental application: (i) Was approved after September 24, 1984; and (ii) Contained reports of new clinical investigations (other than bioavailability studies) that were conducted or sponsored by the applicant that were essential to approval of the supplemental application, the agency will not make effective for a period of 3 years after the date of approval of the supplemental application the approval of a 505(b)(2) application or an abbreviated new drug application for a change, or an abbreviated new drug application submitted pursuant to an approved petition under section 505(j)(2)(C) of the act that relies on the information supporting a change approved in the supplemental new drug application.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Definitions. The following definitions of terms apply to this section:", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Submission of and effective date of approval of an abbreviated new drug application submitted under section 505(j) of the act or a 505(b)(2) application. (1) [Reserved]", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "If a drug product that contains a new chemical entity was approved after September 24, 1984, in an application submitted under section 505(b) of the act, no person may submit a 505(b)(2) application or abbreviated new drug application under section 505(j) of the act for a drug product that contains the same active moiety as in the new chemical entity for a period of 5 years from the date of approval of the first approved new drug application, except that the 505(b)(2) application or abbreviated application may be submitted after 4 years if it contains a certification of patent invalidity or noninfringement described in § 314.50(i)(1)(i)(A)(4) or § 314.94(a)(12)(i)(A)(4).", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The approval of a 505(b)(2) application or abbreviated application described in paragraph (b)(2) of this section will become effective as provided in § 314.107(b)(1) or (b)(2), unless the owner of a patent that claims the drug, the patent owner's representative, or exclusive licensee brings suit for patent infringement against the applicant during the 1-year period beginning 48 months after the date of approval of the new drug application for the new chemical entity and within 45 days after receipt of the notice described at § 314.52 or § 314.95, in which case, approval of the 505(b)(2) application or abbreviated application will be made effective as provided in § 314.107(b)(3).", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "If an application:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Was submitted under section 505(b) of the act;", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Was approved after September 24, 1984;", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Was for a drug product that contains an active moiety that has been previously approved in another application under section 505(b) of the act; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "Contained reports of new clinical investigations (other than bioavailability studies) conducted or sponsored by the applicant that were essential to approval of the application, the agency will not make effective for a period of 3 years after the date of approval of the application the approval of a 505(b)(2) application or an abbreviated new drug application for the conditions of approval of the original application, or an abbreviated new drug application submitted pursuant to an approved petition under section 505(j)(2)(C) of the act that relies on the information supporting the conditions of approval of an original new drug application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "If a supplemental application:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Was approved after September 24, 1984; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Contained reports of new clinical investigations (other than bioavailability studies) that were conducted or sponsored by the applicant that were essential to approval of the supplemental application, the agency will not make effective for a period of 3 years after the date of approval of the supplemental application the approval of a 505(b)(2) application or an abbreviated new drug application for a change, or an abbreviated new drug application submitted pursuant to an approved petition under section 505(j)(2)(C) of the act that relies on the information supporting a change approved in the supplemental new drug application.", "source": null}]	Pub. L. 87-781	§ 314.107; § 314.94; § 314.52; § 314.95; § 314.50	[59 FR 50368, Oct. 3, 1994]	Oct. 3, 1994	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		3 years; 48 months; 45 days; 5 years; 4 years	False	True	3 years; 48 months; 45 days; 5 years; within 45 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.108
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.110	Approvable letter to the applicant.	(a) In selected circumstances, it is useful at the end of the review period for the Food and Drug Administration to indicate to the applicant that the application or abbreviated application is basically approvable providing certain issues are resolved. An approvable letter may be issued in such circumstances. FDA will send the applicant an approvable letter if the application or abbreviated application substantially meets the requirements of this part and the agency believes that it can approve the application or abbreviated application if specific additional information or material is submitted or specific conditions (for example, certain changes in labeling) are agreed to by the applicant. The approvable letter will describe the information or material FDA requires or the conditions the applicant is asked to meet. As a practical matter, the approvable letter will serve in most instances as a mechanism for resolving outstanding issues on drugs that are about to be approved and marketed. For an application or an abbreviated antibiotic application, the applicant shall, within 10 days after the date of the approvable letter: (1) Amend the application or abbreviated antibiotic application or notify FDA of an intent to file an amendment. The filing of an amendment or notice of intent to file an amendment constitutes an agreement by the applicant to extend the review period for 45 days after the date FDA receives the amendment. The extension is to permit the agency to review the amendment; (2) Withdraw the application or abbreviated antibiotic application. FDA will consider the applicant's failure to respond within 10 days to an approvable letter to be a request by the applicant to withdraw the application under § 314.65 or the abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.99. A decision to withdraw an application or abbreviated antibiotic application is without prejudice to a refiling; (3) For a new drug application or abbreviated antibiotic application, ask the agency to provide the applicant an opportunity for a hearing on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of the application under section 505(d) of the act. The applicant shall submit the request to the Division of Regulatory Affairs (HFD-360), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. Within 60 days of the date of the approvable letter, or within a different time period to which FDA and the applicant agree, the agency will either approve the application or abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.105 or refuse to approve the application or abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.125 and give the applicant written notice of an opportunity for a hearing under § 314.200 and section 505(c)(2) of the act on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of the application under section 505(d) of the act; (4) For an antibiotic, file a petition or notify FDA of an intent to file a petition proposing the issuance, amendment, or repeal of a regulation under § 314.300 and section 507(f) of the act; or (5) Notify FDA that the applicant agrees to an extension of the review period under section 505(c) of the act, so that the applicant can determine whether to respond further under paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), or (a)(4) of this section. The applicant's notice is required to state the length of the extension. FDA will honor any reasonable request for such an extension. FDA will consider the applicant's failure to respond further within the extended review period to be a request to withdraw the application under § 314.65 or the abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.99. A decision to withdraw an application or abbreviated antibiotic application is without prejudice to a refiling. (b) FDA will send the applicant of an abbreviated new drug application an approvable letter only if the application substantially meets the requirements of this part and the agency believes that it can approve the abbreviated application if minor deficiencies (e.g., labeling deficiencies) are corrected. The approvable letter will describe the deficiencies and state a time period within which the applicant must respond. Unless the applicant corrects the deficiencies by amendment within the specified time period, FDA will refuse to approve the abbreviated application under § 314.127. Within 10 days after the date of the approvable letter, the applicant may also ask the agency to provide the applicant an opportunity for a hearing on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of the abbreviated new drug application. Applicants who request a hearing shall submit the request to the Division of Regulatory Affairs (HFD-360), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "In selected circumstances, it is useful at the end of the review period for the Food and Drug Administration to indicate to the applicant that the application or abbreviated application is basically approvable providing certain issues are resolved. An approvable letter may be issued in such circumstances. FDA will send the applicant an approvable letter if the application or abbreviated application substantially meets the requirements of this part and the agency believes that it can approve the application or abbreviated application if specific additional information or material is submitted or specific conditions (for example, certain changes in labeling) are agreed to by the applicant. The approvable letter will describe the information or material FDA requires or the conditions the applicant is asked to meet. As a practical matter, the approvable letter will serve in most instances as a mechanism for resolving outstanding issues on drugs that are about to be approved and marketed. F", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Amend the application or abbreviated antibiotic application or notify FDA of an intent to file an amendment. The filing of an amendment or notice of intent to file an amendment constitutes an agreement by the applicant to extend the review period for 45 days after the date FDA receives the amendment. The extension is to permit the agency to review the amendment;", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Withdraw the application or abbreviated antibiotic application. FDA will consider the applicant's failure to respond within 10 days to an approvable letter to be a request by the applicant to withdraw the application under § 314.65 or the abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.99. A decision to withdraw an application or abbreviated antibiotic application is without prejudice to a refiling;", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "For a new drug application or abbreviated antibiotic application, ask the agency to provide the applicant an opportunity for a hearing on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of the application under section 505(d) of the act. The applicant shall submit the request to the Division of Regulatory Affairs (HFD-360), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. Within 60 days of the date of the approvable letter, or within a different time period to which FDA and the applicant agree, the agency will either approve the application or abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.105 or refuse to approve the application or abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.125 and give the applicant written notice of an opportunity for a hearing under § 314.200 and section 505(c)(2) of the act on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of the application under section 505(d) of the", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "For an antibiotic, file a petition or notify FDA of an intent to file a petition proposing the issuance, amendment, or repeal of a regulation under § 314.300 and section 507(f) of the act; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "Notify FDA that the applicant agrees to an extension of the review period under section 505(c) of the act, so that the applicant can determine whether to respond further under paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), or (a)(4) of this section. The applicant's notice is required to state the length of the extension. FDA will honor any reasonable request for such an extension. FDA will consider the applicant's failure to respond further within the extended review period to be a request to withdraw the application under § 314.65 or the abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.99. A decision to withdraw an application or abbreviated antibiotic application is without prejudice to a refiling.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "FDA will send the applicant of an abbreviated new drug application an approvable letter only if the application substantially meets the requirements of this part and the agency believes that it can approve the abbreviated application if minor deficiencies (e.g., labeling deficiencies) are corrected. The approvable letter will describe the deficiencies and state a time period within which the applicant must respond. Unless the applicant corrects the deficiencies by amendment within the specified time period, FDA will refuse to approve the abbreviated application under § 314.127. Within 10 days after the date of the approvable letter, the applicant may also ask the agency to provide the applicant an opportunity for a hearing on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of the abbreviated new drug application. Applicants who request a hearing shall submit the request to the Division of Regulatory Affairs (HFD-360), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Dru", "source": null}]		§ 314.99.; § 314.127.; § 314.125; § 314.105; § 314.300; § 314.65; § 314.200	[57 FR 17989, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		60 days; 10 days; 45 days	False	True	45 days; 10 days; within 60 day; within 10 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.110
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.120	Not approvable letter to the applicant.	(a) The Food and Drug Administration will send the applicant a not approvable letter if the agency believes that the application or abbreviated antibiotic application may not be approved for one of the reasons given in § 314.125 or the abbreviated new drug application may not be approved for one of the reasons given in § 314.127. The not approvable letter will describe the deficiencies in the application or abbreviated application. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, within 10 days after the date of the not approvable letter, the applicant shall: (1) Amend the application or abbreviated application or notify FDA of an intent to file an amendment. The filing of an amendment or a notice of intent to file an amendment constitutes an agreement by the applicant to extend the review period under § 314.60 or § 314.96; (2) Withdraw the application or abbreviated application. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, FDA will consider the applicant's failure to respond within 10 days to a not approvable letter to be a request by the applicant to withdraw the application under § 314.65 or abbreviated application under § 314.99. A decision to withdraw the application or abbreviated application is without prejudice to refiling; (3) For a new drug application or an abbreviated application, ask the agency to provide the applicant an opportunity for a hearing on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of the application under section 505(d) or (j)(3) of the act. The applicant shall submit the request to the Division of Regulatory Affairs (HFD-360), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. Within 60 days of the date of the not approvable letter, or within a different time period to which FDA and the applicant agree, the agency will either approve the application or abbreviated application under § 314.105 or refuse to approve the application or abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.125 or abbreviated new drug application under § 314.127 and give the applicant written notice of an opportunity for a hearing under § 314.200 and section 505(c)(1)(B) or (j)(4)(C) of the act on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of the application under section 505(d) or (j)(3) of the act; (4) For an antibiotic application, file a petition or notify FDA of an intent to file a petition proposing the issuance, amendment, or repeal of a regulation under § 314.300 and section 507(f) of the act; or (5) Notify FDA that the applicant agrees to an extension of the review period under section 505(c)(1) or (j)(4)(A) of the act, so that the applicant can determine whether to respond further under paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), or (a)(4) of this section. The applicant's notice is required to state the length of the extension. FDA will honor any reasonable request for such an extension. FDA will consider the applicant's failure to respond further within the extended review period to be a request to withdraw the application under § 314.65 or abbreviated application under § 314.99. A decision to withdraw an application or abbreviated application is without prejudice to a refiling. (b) With the exception of a request for an opportunity for a hearing under paragraph (a)(3) of this section, the 10-day time period in this section for responding to a not approvable letter does not apply to abbreviated new drug applications. FDA may consider the applicant's failure to respond within 180 days to a not approvable letter to be a request by the applicant to withdraw the abbreviated new drug application under § 314.99.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The Food and Drug Administration will send the applicant a not approvable letter if the agency believes that the application or abbreviated antibiotic application may not be approved for one of the reasons given in § 314.125 or the abbreviated new drug application may not be approved for one of the reasons given in § 314.127. The not approvable letter will describe the deficiencies in the application or abbreviated application. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, within 10 days after the date of the not approvable letter, the applicant shall:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Amend the application or abbreviated application or notify FDA of an intent to file an amendment. The filing of an amendment or a notice of intent to file an amendment constitutes an agreement by the applicant to extend the review period under § 314.60 or § 314.96;", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Withdraw the application or abbreviated application. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, FDA will consider the applicant's failure to respond within 10 days to a not approvable letter to be a request by the applicant to withdraw the application under § 314.65 or abbreviated application under § 314.99. A decision to withdraw the application or abbreviated application is without prejudice to refiling;", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "For a new drug application or an abbreviated application, ask the agency to provide the applicant an opportunity for a hearing on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of the application under section 505(d) or (j)(3) of the act. The applicant shall submit the request to the Division of Regulatory Affairs (HFD-360), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. Within 60 days of the date of the not approvable letter, or within a different time period to which FDA and the applicant agree, the agency will either approve the application or abbreviated application under § 314.105 or refuse to approve the application or abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.125 or abbreviated new drug application under § 314.127 and give the applicant written notice of an opportunity for a hearing under § 314.200 and section 505(c)(1)(B) or (j)(4)(C) of the act on the question of whether there are grounds for ", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "For an antibiotic application, file a petition or notify FDA of an intent to file a petition proposing the issuance, amendment, or repeal of a regulation under § 314.300 and section 507(f) of the act; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "Notify FDA that the applicant agrees to an extension of the review period under section 505(c)(1) or (j)(4)(A) of the act, so that the applicant can determine whether to respond further under paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), or (a)(4) of this section. The applicant's notice is required to state the length of the extension. FDA will honor any reasonable request for such an extension. FDA will consider the applicant's failure to respond further within the extended review period to be a request to withdraw the application under § 314.65 or abbreviated application under § 314.99. A decision to withdraw an application or abbreviated application is without prejudice to a refiling.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "With the exception of a request for an opportunity for a hearing under paragraph (a)(3) of this section, the 10-day time period in this section for responding to a not approvable letter does not apply to abbreviated new drug applications. FDA may consider the applicant's failure to respond within 180 days to a not approvable letter to be a request by the applicant to withdraw the abbreviated new drug application under § 314.99.", "source": null}]		§ 314.127.; § 314.99.; § 314.125; § 314.105; § 314.127; § 314.96; § 314.300; § 314.65; § 314.60; § 314.200	[57 FR 17990, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		180 days; 10 days; 60 days	False	True	10 days; within 60 day; within 10 day; within 180 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.120
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.122	Submitting an abbreviated application for, or a 505(j)(2)(C) petition that relies on, a listed drug that is no longer marketed.	(a) An abbreviated new drug application that refers to, or a petition under section 505(j)(2)(C) of the act and § 314.93 that relies on, a listed drug that has been voluntarily withdrawn from sale in the United States must be accompanied by a petition seeking a determination whether the listed drug was withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons. The petition must be submitted under §§ 10.25(a) and 10.30 of this chapter and must contain all evidence available to the petitioner concerning the reasons for the withdrawal from sale. (b) When a petition described in paragraph (a) of this section is submitted, the agency will consider the evidence in the petition and any other evidence before the agency, and determine whether the listed drug is withdrawn from sale for safety or effectiveness reasons, in accordance with the procedures in § 314.161. (c) An abbreviated new drug application described in paragraph (a) of this section will be disapproved, under § 314.127(a)(11), and a 505(j)(2)(C) petition described in paragraph (a) of this section will be disapproved, under § 314.93(e)(1)(iv), unless the agency determines that the withdrawal of the listed drug was not for safety or effectiveness reasons. (d) Certain drug products approved for safety and effectiveness that were no longer marketed on September 24, 1984, are not included in the list. Any person who wishes to obtain marketing approval for such a drug product under an abbreviated new drug application must petition FDA for a determination whether the drug product was withdrawn from the market for safety or effectiveness reasons and request that the list be amended to include the drug product. A person seeking such a determination shall use the petition procedures established in § 10.30 of this chapter. The petitioner shall include in the petition information to show that the drug product was approved for safety and effectiveness and all evidence available to the petitioner concerning the reason that marketing of the drug product ceased.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "An abbreviated new drug application that refers to, or a petition under section 505(j)(2)(C) of the act and § 314.93 that relies on, a listed drug that has been voluntarily withdrawn from sale in the United States must be accompanied by a petition seeking a determination whether the listed drug was withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons. The petition must be submitted under §§ 10.25(a) and 10.30 of this chapter and must contain all evidence available to the petitioner concerning the reasons for the withdrawal from sale.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "When a petition described in paragraph (a) of this section is submitted, the agency will consider the evidence in the petition and any other evidence before the agency, and determine whether the listed drug is withdrawn from sale for safety or effectiveness reasons, in accordance with the procedures in § 314.161.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "An abbreviated new drug application described in paragraph (a) of this section will be disapproved, under § 314.127(a)(11), and a 505(j)(2)(C) petition described in paragraph (a) of this section will be disapproved, under § 314.93(e)(1)(iv), unless the agency determines that the withdrawal of the listed drug was not for safety or effectiveness reasons.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Certain drug products approved for safety and effectiveness that were no longer marketed on September 24, 1984, are not included in the list. Any person who wishes to obtain marketing approval for such a drug product under an abbreviated new drug application must petition FDA for a determination whether the drug product was withdrawn from the market for safety or effectiveness reasons and request that the list be amended to include the drug product. A person seeking such a determination shall use the petition procedures established in § 10.30 of this chapter. The petitioner shall include in the petition information to show that the drug product was approved for safety and effectiveness and all evidence available to the petitioner concerning the reason that marketing of the drug product ceased.", "source": null}]		§ 314.93; § 10.25; § 314.127; § 10.30; § 314.161.	[57 FR 17990, Apr. 28, 1992; 57 FR 29353, July 1, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.122
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.125	Refusal to approve an application or abbreviated antibiotic application.	(a) The Food and Drug Administration will refuse to approve the application or abbreviated antibiotic application and for a new drug give the applicant written notice of an opportunity for a hearing under § 314.200 on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of the application under section 505(d) of the act, or for an antibiotic publish a proposed regulation based on an acceptable petition under § 314.300, if: (1) FDA sends the applicant an approvable or a not approvable letter under § 314.110 or § 314.120; (2) The applicant requests an opportunity for hearing for a new drug on the question of whether the application is approvable or files a petition for an antibiotic proposing the issuance, amendment, or repeal of a regulation; and (3) FDA finds that any of the reasons given in paragraph (b) of this section apply. (b) FDA may refuse to approve an application or abbreviated antibiotic application for any of the following reasons: (1) The methods to be used in, and the facilities and controls used for, the manufacture, processing, packing, or holding of the drug substance or the drug product are inadequate to preserve its identity, strength, quality, purity, stability, and bioavailability. (2) The investigations required under section 505(b) or 507 of the act do not include adequate tests by all methods reasonably applicable to show whether or not the drug is safe for use under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its proposed labeling. (3) The results of the tests show that the drug is unsafe for use under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its proposed labeling or the results do not show that the drug product is safe for use under those conditions. (4) There is insufficient information about the drug to determine whether the product is safe for use under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its proposed labeling. (5) There is a lack of substantial evidence consisting of adequate and well-controlled investigations, as defined in § 314.126, that the drug product will have the effect it purports or is represented to have under the conditions of use prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its proposed labeling. (6) The proposed labeling is false or misleading in any particular. (7) The application or abbreviated antibiotic application contains an untrue statement of a material fact. (8) The drug product's proposed labeling does not comply with the requirements for labels and labeling in part 201. (9) The application or abbreviated antibiotic application does not contain bioavailability or bioequivalence data required under part 320 of this chapter. (10) A reason given in a letter refusing to file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.101(d), if the deficiency is not corrected. (11) The drug will be manufactured or processed in whole or in part in an establishment that is not registered and not exempt from registration under section 510 of the act and part 207. (12) The applicant does not permit a properly authorized officer or employee of the Department of Health and Human Services an adequate opportunity to inspect the facilities, controls, and any records relevant to the application or abbreviated antibiotic application. (13) The methods to be used in, and the facilities and controls used for, the manufacture, processing, packing, or holding of the drug substance or the drug product do not comply with the current good manufacturing practice regulations in parts 210 and 211. (14) The application or abbreviated antibiotic application does not contain an explanation of the omission of a report of any investigation of the drug product sponsored by the applicant, or an explanation of the omission of other information about the drug pertinent to an evaluation of the application or abbreviated antibiotic application that is received or otherwise obtained by the applicant from any source. (15) A nonclinical laboratory study that is described in the application or abbreviated antibiotic application and that is essential to show that the drug is safe for use under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its proposed labeling was not conducted in compliance with the good laboratory practice regulations in part 58 of this chapter and no reason for the noncompliance is provided or, if it is, the differences between the practices used in conducting the study and the good laboratory practice regulations do not support the validity of the study. (16) Any clinical investigation involving human subjects described in the application or abbreviated antibiotic application, subject to the institutional review board regulations in part 58 of this chapter or informed consent regulations in part 50 of this chapter, was not conducted in compliance with those regulations such that the rights or safety of human subjects were not adequately protected. (17) The applicant or contract research organization that conducted a bioavailability or bioequivalence study described in § 320.38 or § 320.63 of this chapter that is contained in the application or abbreviated antibiotic application refuses to permit an inspection of facilities or records relevant to the study by a properly authorized officer or employee of the Department of Health and Human Services or refuses to submit reserve samples of the drug products used in the study when requested by FDA. (18) For a new drug, the application failed to contain the patent information required by section 505(b)(1) of the act. (c) For drugs intended to treat life-threatening or severely-debilitating illnesses that are developed in accordance with §§ 312.80 through 312.88 of this chapter, the criteria contained in paragraphs (b) (3), (4), and (5) of this section shall be applied according to the considerations contained in § 312.84 of this chapter.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The Food and Drug Administration will refuse to approve the application or abbreviated antibiotic application and for a new drug give the applicant written notice of an opportunity for a hearing under § 314.200 on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of the application under section 505(d) of the act, or for an antibiotic publish a proposed regulation based on an acceptable petition under § 314.300, if:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "FDA sends the applicant an approvable or a not approvable letter under § 314.110 or § 314.120;", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The applicant requests an opportunity for hearing for a new drug on the question of whether the application is approvable or files a petition for an antibiotic proposing the issuance, amendment, or repeal of a regulation; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "FDA finds that any of the reasons given in paragraph (b) of this section apply.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "FDA may refuse to approve an application or abbreviated antibiotic application for any of the following reasons:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The methods to be used in, and the facilities and controls used for, the manufacture, processing, packing, or holding of the drug substance or the drug product are inadequate to preserve its identity, strength, quality, purity, stability, and bioavailability.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The investigations required under section 505(b) or 507 of the act do not include adequate tests by all methods reasonably applicable to show whether or not the drug is safe for use under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its proposed labeling.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The results of the tests show that the drug is unsafe for use under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its proposed labeling or the results do not show that the drug product is safe for use under those conditions.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "There is insufficient information about the drug to determine whether the product is safe for use under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its proposed labeling.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "There is a lack of substantial evidence consisting of adequate and well-controlled investigations, as defined in § 314.126, that the drug product will have the effect it purports or is represented to have under the conditions of use prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its proposed labeling.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "The proposed labeling is false or misleading in any particular.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "The application or abbreviated antibiotic application contains an untrue statement of a material fact.", "source": null}, {"label": "(8)", "text": "The drug product's proposed labeling does not comply with the requirements for labels and labeling in part 201.", "source": null}, {"label": "(9)", "text": "The application or abbreviated antibiotic application does not contain bioavailability or bioequivalence data required under part 320 of this chapter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(10)", "text": "A reason given in a letter refusing to file the application or abbreviated antibiotic application under § 314.101(d), if the deficiency is not corrected.", "source": null}, {"label": "(11)", "text": "The drug will be manufactured or processed in whole or in part in an establishment that is not registered and not exempt from registration under section 510 of the act and part 207.", "source": null}, {"label": "(12)", "text": "The applicant does not permit a properly authorized officer or employee of the Department of Health and Human Services an adequate opportunity to inspect the facilities, controls, and any records relevant to the application or abbreviated antibiotic application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(13)", "text": "The methods to be used in, and the facilities and controls used for, the manufacture, processing, packing, or holding of the drug substance or the drug product do not comply with the current good manufacturing practice regulations in parts 210 and 211.", "source": null}, {"label": "(14)", "text": "The application or abbreviated antibiotic application does not contain an explanation of the omission of a report of any investigation of the drug product sponsored by the applicant, or an explanation of the omission of other information about the drug pertinent to an evaluation of the application or abbreviated antibiotic application that is received or otherwise obtained by the applicant from any source.", "source": null}, {"label": "(15)", "text": "A nonclinical laboratory study that is described in the application or abbreviated antibiotic application and that is essential to show that the drug is safe for use under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its proposed labeling was not conducted in compliance with the good laboratory practice regulations in part 58 of this chapter and no reason for the noncompliance is provided or, if it is, the differences between the practices used in conducting the study and the good laboratory practice regulations do not support the validity of the study.", "source": null}, {"label": "(16)", "text": "Any clinical investigation involving human subjects described in the application or abbreviated antibiotic application, subject to the institutional review board regulations in part 58 of this chapter or informed consent regulations in part 50 of this chapter, was not conducted in compliance with those regulations such that the rights or safety of human subjects were not adequately protected.", "source": null}, {"label": "(17)", "text": "The applicant or contract research organization that conducted a bioavailability or bioequivalence study described in § 320.38 or § 320.63 of this chapter that is contained in the application or abbreviated antibiotic application refuses to permit an inspection of facilities or records relevant to the study by a properly authorized officer or employee of the Department of Health and Human Services or refuses to submit reserve samples of the drug products used in the study when requested by FDA.", "source": null}, {"label": "(18)", "text": "For a new drug, the application failed to contain the patent information required by section 505(b)(1) of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "For drugs intended to treat life-threatening or severely-debilitating illnesses that are developed in accordance with §§ 312.80 through 312.88 of this chapter, the criteria contained in paragraphs (b) (3), (4), and (5) of this section shall be applied according to the considerations contained in § 312.84 of this chapter.", "source": null}]		§ 314.110; § 312.80; § 312.84; § 314.126; § 314.300; § 314.120; § 320.63; § 320.38; § 314.101; § 314.200	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985, as amended at 53 FR 41524, Oct. 21, 1988; 57 FR 17991, Apr. 28, 1992; 58 FR 25926, Apr. 28, 1993]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.125
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.126	Adequate and well-controlled studies.	(a) The purpose of conducting clinical investigations of a drug is to distinguish the effect of a drug from other influences, such as spontaneous change in the course of the disease, placebo effect, or biased observation. The characteristics described in paragraph (b) of this section have been developed over a period of years and are recognized by the scientific community as the essentials of an adequate and well-controlled clinical investigation. The Food and Drug Administration considers these characteristics in determining whether an investigation is adequate and well-controlled for purposes of sections 505 and 507 of the act. Reports of adequate and well-controlled investigations provide the primary basis for determining whether there is “substantial evidence” to support the claims of effectiveness for new drugs and antibiotics. Therefore, the study report should provide sufficient details of study design, conduct, and analysis to allow critical evaluation and a determination of whether the characteristics of an adequate and well-controlled study are present. (b) An adequate and well-controlled study has the following characteristics: (1) There is a clear statement of the objectives of the investigation and a summary of the proposed or actual methods of analysis in the protocol for the study and in the report of its results. In addition, the protocol should contain a description of the proposed methods of analysis, and the study report should contain a description of the methods of analysis ultimately used. If the protocol does not contain a description of the proposed methods of analysis, the study report should describe how the methods used were selected. (2) The study uses a design that permits a valid comparison with a control to provide a quantitative assessment of drug effect. The protocol for the study and report of results should describe the study design precisely; for example, duration of treatment periods, whether treatments are parallel, sequential, or crossover, and whether the sample size is predetermined or based upon some interim analysis. Generally, the following types of control are recognized: (i) Placebo concurrent control. The test drug is compared with an inactive preparation designed to resemble the test drug as far as possible. A placebo-controlled study may include additional treatment groups, such as an active treatment control or a dose-comparison control, and usually includes randomization and blinding of patients or investigators, or both. (ii) Dose-comparison concurrent control. At least two doses of the drug are compared. A dose-comparison study may include additional treatment groups, such as placebo control or active control. Dose-comparison trials usually include randomization and blinding of patients or investigators, or both. (iii) No treatment concurrent control. Where objective measurements of effectiveness are available and placebo effect is negligible, the test drug is compared with no treatment. No treatment concurrent control trials usually include randomization. (iv) Active treatment concurrent control. The test drug is compared with known effective therapy; for example, where the condition treated is such that administration of placebo or no treatment would be contrary to the interest of the patient. An active treatment study may include additional treatment groups, however, such as a placebo control or a dose-comparison control. Active treatment trials usually include randomization and blinding of patients or investigators, or both. If the intent of the trial is to show similarity of the test and control drugs, the report of the study should assess the ability of the study to have detected a difference between treatments. Similarity of test drug and active control can mean either that both drugs were effective or that neither was effective. The analysis of the study should explain why the drugs should be considered effective in the study, for example, by reference to results in previous placebo-controlled studies of the active control drug. (v) Historical control. The results of treatment with the test drug are compared with experience historically derived from the adequately documented natural history of the disease or condition, or from the results of active treatment, in comparable patients or populations. Because historical control populations usually cannot be as well assessed with respect to pertinent variables as can concurrent control populations, historical control designs are usually reserved for special circumstances. Examples include studies of diseases with high and predictable mortality (for example, certain malignancies) and studies in which the effect of the drug is self-evident (general anesthetics, drug metabolism). (3) The method of selection of subjects provides adequate assurance that they have the disease or condition being studied, or evidence of susceptibility and exposure to the condition against which prophylaxis is directed. (4) The method of assigning patients to treatment and control groups minimizes bias and is intended to assure comparability of the groups with respect to pertinent variables such as age, sex, severity of disease, duration of disease, and use of drugs or therapy other than the test drug. The protocol for the study and the report of its results should describe how subjects were assigned to groups. Ordinarily, in a concurrently controlled study, assignment is by randomization, with or without stratification. (5) Adequate measures are taken to minimize bias on the part of the subjects, observers, and analysts of the data. The protocol and report of the study should describe the procedures used to accomplish this, such as blinding. (6) The methods of assessment of subjects' response are well-defined and reliable. The protocol for the study and the report of results should explain the variables measured, the methods of observation, and criteria used to assess response. (7) There is an analysis of the results of the study adequate to assess the effects of the drug. The report of the study should describe the results and the analytic methods used to evaluate them, including any appropriate statistical methods. The analysis should assess, among other things, the comparability of test and control groups with respect to pertinent variables, and the effects of any interim data analyses performed. (c) The Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research may, on the Director's own initiative or on the petition of an interested person, waive in whole or in part any of the criteria in paragraph (b) of this section with respect to a specific clinical investigation, either prior to the investigation or in the evaluation of a completed study. A petition for a waiver is required to set forth clearly and concisely the specific criteria from which waiver is sought, why the criteria are not reasonably applicable to the particular clinical investigation, what alternative procedures, if any, are to be, or have been employed, and what results have been obtained. The petition is also required to state why the clinical investigations so conducted will yield, or have yielded, substantial evidence of effectiveness, notwithstanding nonconformance with the criteria for which waiver is requested. (d) For an investigation to be considered adequate for approval of a new drug, it is required that the test drug be standardized as to identity, strength, quality, purity, and dosage form to give significance to the results of the investigation. (e) Uncontrolled studies or partially controlled studies are not acceptable as the sole basis for the approval of claims of effectiveness. Such studies carefully conducted and documented, may provide corroborative support of well-controlled studies regarding efficacy and may yield valuable data regarding safety of the test drug. Such studies will be considered on their merits in the light of the principles listed here, with the exception of the requirement for the comparison of the treated subjects with controls. Isolated case reports, random experience, and reports lacking the details which permit scientific evaluation will not be considered. (Collection of information requirements approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0910-0001)	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The purpose of conducting clinical investigations of a drug is to distinguish the effect of a drug from other influences, such as spontaneous change in the course of the disease, placebo effect, or biased observation. The characteristics described in paragraph (b) of this section have been developed over a period of years and are recognized by the scientific community as the essentials of an adequate and well-controlled clinical investigation. The Food and Drug Administration considers these characteristics in determining whether an investigation is adequate and well-controlled for purposes of sections 505 and 507 of the act. Reports of adequate and well-controlled investigations provide the primary basis for determining whether there is “substantial evidence” to support the claims of effectiveness for new drugs and antibiotics. Therefore, the study report should provide sufficient details of study design, conduct, and analysis to allow critical evaluation and a determination of whethe", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "An adequate and well-controlled study has the following characteristics:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "There is a clear statement of the objectives of the investigation and a summary of the proposed or actual methods of analysis in the protocol for the study and in the report of its results. In addition, the protocol should contain a description of the proposed methods of analysis, and the study report should contain a description of the methods of analysis ultimately used. If the protocol does not contain a description of the proposed methods of analysis, the study report should describe how the methods used were selected.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The study uses a design that permits a valid comparison with a control to provide a quantitative assessment of drug effect. The protocol for the study and report of results should describe the study design precisely; for example, duration of treatment periods, whether treatments are parallel, sequential, or crossover, and whether the sample size is predetermined or based upon some interim analysis. Generally, the following types of control are recognized:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Placebo concurrent control. The test drug is compared with an inactive preparation designed to resemble the test drug as far as possible. A placebo-controlled study may include additional treatment groups, such as an active treatment control or a dose-comparison control, and usually includes randomization and blinding of patients or investigators, or both.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Dose-comparison concurrent control. At least two doses of the drug are compared. A dose-comparison study may include additional treatment groups, such as placebo control or active control. Dose-comparison trials usually include randomization and blinding of patients or investigators, or both.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "No treatment concurrent control. Where objective measurements of effectiveness are available and placebo effect is negligible, the test drug is compared with no treatment. No treatment concurrent control trials usually include randomization.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "Active treatment concurrent control. The test drug is compared with known effective therapy; for example, where the condition treated is such that administration of placebo or no treatment would be contrary to the interest of the patient. An active treatment study may include additional treatment groups, however, such as a placebo control or a dose-comparison control. Active treatment trials usually include randomization and blinding of patients or investigators, or both. If the intent of the trial is to show similarity of the test and control drugs, the report of the study should assess the ability of the study to have detected a difference between treatments. Similarity of test drug and active control can mean either that both drugs were effective or that neither was effective. The analysis of the study should explain why the drugs should be considered effective in the study, for example, by reference to results in previous placebo-controlled studies of the active control drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "Historical control. The results of treatment with the test drug are compared with experience historically derived from the adequately documented natural history of the disease or condition, or from the results of active treatment, in comparable patients or populations. Because historical control populations usually cannot be as well assessed with respect to pertinent variables as can concurrent control populations, historical control designs are usually reserved for special circumstances. Examples include studies of diseases with high and predictable mortality (for example, certain malignancies) and studies in which the effect of the drug is self-evident (general anesthetics, drug metabolism).", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The method of selection of subjects provides adequate assurance that they have the disease or condition being studied, or evidence of susceptibility and exposure to the condition against which prophylaxis is directed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The method of assigning patients to treatment and control groups minimizes bias and is intended to assure comparability of the groups with respect to pertinent variables such as age, sex, severity of disease, duration of disease, and use of drugs or therapy other than the test drug. The protocol for the study and the report of its results should describe how subjects were assigned to groups. Ordinarily, in a concurrently controlled study, assignment is by randomization, with or without stratification.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "Adequate measures are taken to minimize bias on the part of the subjects, observers, and analysts of the data. The protocol and report of the study should describe the procedures used to accomplish this, such as blinding.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "The methods of assessment of subjects' response are well-defined and reliable. The protocol for the study and the report of results should explain the variables measured, the methods of observation, and criteria used to assess response.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "There is an analysis of the results of the study adequate to assess the effects of the drug. The report of the study should describe the results and the analytic methods used to evaluate them, including any appropriate statistical methods. The analysis should assess, among other things, the comparability of test and control groups with respect to pertinent variables, and the effects of any interim data analyses performed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "The Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research may, on the Director's own initiative or on the petition of an interested person, waive in whole or in part any of the criteria in paragraph (b) of this section with respect to a specific clinical investigation, either prior to the investigation or in the evaluation of a completed study. A petition for a waiver is required to set forth clearly and concisely the specific criteria from which waiver is sought, why the criteria are not reasonably applicable to the particular clinical investigation, what alternative procedures, if any, are to be, or have been employed, and what results have been obtained. The petition is also required to state why the clinical investigations so conducted will yield, or have yielded, substantial evidence of effectiveness, notwithstanding nonconformance with the criteria for which waiver is requested.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "For an investigation to be considered adequate for approval of a new drug, it is required that the test drug be standardized as to identity, strength, quality, purity, and dosage form to give significance to the results of the investigation.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Uncontrolled studies or partially controlled studies are not acceptable as the sole basis for the approval of claims of effectiveness. Such studies carefully conducted and documented, may provide corroborative support of well-controlled studies regarding efficacy and may yield valuable data regarding safety of the test drug. Such studies will be considered on their merits in the light of the principles listed here, with the exception of the requirement for the comparison of the treated subjects with controls. Isolated case reports, random experience, and reports lacking the details which permit scientific evaluation will not be considered.", "source": null}]			[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 21238, May 23, 1985; 55 FR 11580, Mar. 29, 1990]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.126
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.127	Refusal to approve an abbreviated new drug application.	(a) FDA will refuse to approve an abbreviated application for a new drug under section 505(j) of the act for any of the following reasons: (1) The methods used in, or the facilities and controls used for, the manufacture, processing, and packing of the drug product are inadequate to ensure and preserve its identity, strength, quality, and purity. (2) Information submitted with the abbreviated new drug application is insufficient to show that each of the proposed conditions of use has been previously approved for the listed drug referred to in the application. (3)(i) If the reference listed drug has only one active ingredient, information submitted with the abbreviated new drug application is insufficient to show that the active ingredient is the same as that of the reference listed drug; (ii) If the reference listed drug has more than one active ingredient, information submitted with the abbreviated new drug application is insufficient to show that the active ingredients are the same as the active ingredients of the reference listed drug; or (iii) If the reference listed drug has more than one active ingredient and if the abbreviated new drug application is for a drug product that has an active ingredient different from the reference listed drug: (A) Information submitted with the abbreviated new drug application is insufficient to show: (1) That the other active ingredients are the same as the active ingredients of the reference listed drug; or (2) That the different active ingredient is an active ingredient of a listed drug or a drug that does not meet the requirements of section 201(p) of the act; or (B) No petition to submit an abbreviated application for the drug product with the different active ingredient was approved under § 314.93. (4)(i) If the abbreviated new drug application is for a drug product whose route of administration, dosage form, or strength purports to be the same as that of the listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application, information submitted in the abbreviated new drug application is insufficient to show that the route of administration, dosage form, or strength is the same as that of the reference listed drug; or (ii) If the abbreviated new drug application is for a drug product whose route of administration, dosage form, or strength is different from that of the listed drug referred to in the application, no petition to submit an abbreviated new drug application for the drug product with the different route of administration, dosage form, or strength was approved under § 314.93. (5) If the abbreviated new drug application was submitted under the approval of a petition under § 314.93, the abbreviated new drug application did not contain the information required by FDA with respect to the active ingredient, route of administration, dosage form, or strength that is not the same as that of the reference listed drug. (6)(i) Information submitted in the abbreviated new drug application is insufficient to show that the drug product is bioequivalent to the listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application; or (ii) If the abbreviated new drug application was submitted under a petition approved under § 314.93, information submitted in the abbreviated new drug application is insufficient to show that the active ingredients of the drug product are of the same pharmacological or therapeutic class as those of the reference listed drug and that the drug product can be expected to have the same therapeutic effect as the reference listed drug when administered to patients for each condition of use approved for the reference listed drug. (7) Information submitted in the abbreviated new drug application is insufficient to show that the labeling proposed for the drug is the same as the labeling approved for the listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application except for changes required because of differences approved in a petition under § 314.93 or because the drug product and the reference listed drug are produced or distributed by different manufacturers or because aspects of the listed drug's labeling are protected by patent, or by exclusivity, and such differences do not render the proposed drug product less safe or effective than the listed drug for all remaining, nonprotected conditions of use. (8)(i) Information submitted in the abbreviated new drug application of any other information available to FDA shows that: (A) The inactive ingredients of the drug product are unsafe for use, as described in paragraph (a)(8)(ii) of this section, under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in the labeling proposed for the drug product; or (B) The composition of the drug product is unsafe, as described in paragraph (a)(8)(ii) of this section, under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in the proposed labeling because of the type or quantity of inactive ingredients included or the manner in which the inactive ingredients are included. (ii)(A) FDA will consider the inactive ingredients or composition of a drug product unsafe and refuse to approve an abbreviated new drug application under paragraph (a)(8)(i) of this section if, on the basis of information available to the agency, there is a reasonable basis to conclude that one or more of the inactive ingredients of the proposed drug or its composition raises serious questions of safety. From its experience with reviewing inactive ingredients, and from other information available to it, FDA may identify changes in inactive ingredients or composition that may adversely affect a drug product's safety. The inactive ingredients or composition of a proposed drug product will be considered to raise serious questions of safety if the product incorporates one or more of these changes. Examples of the changes that may raise serious questions of safety include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) A change in an inactive ingredient so that the product does not comply with an official compendium. (2) A change in composition to include an inactive ingredient that has not been previously approved in a drug product for human use by the same route of administration. (3) A change in the composition of a parenteral drug product to include an inactive ingredient that has not been previously approved in a parenteral drug product. (4) A change in composition of a drug product for ophthalmic use to include an inactive ingredient that has not been previously approved in a drug for ophthalmic use. (5) The use of a delivery or a modified release mechanism never before approved for the drug. (6) A change in composition to include a significantly greater content of one or more inactive ingredients than previously used in the drug product. (7) If the drug product is intended for topical administration, a change in the properties of the vehicle or base that might increase absorption of certain potentially toxic active ingredients thereby affecting the safety of the drug product, or a change in the lipophilic properties of a vehicle or base, e.g., a change from an oleaginous to a water soluble vehicle or base. (B) FDA will consider an inactive ingredient in, or the composition of, a drug product intended for parenteral use to be unsafe and will refuse to approve the abbreviated new drug application unless it contains the same inactive ingredients, other than preservatives, buffers, and antioxidants, in the same concentration as the listed drug, and, if it differs from the listed drug in a preservative, buffer, or antioxidant, the application contains sufficient information to demonstrate that the difference does not affect the safety of the drug product. (C) FDA will consider an inactive ingredient in, or the composition of, a drug product intended for ophthalmic or otic use unsafe and will refuse to approve the abbreviated new drug application unless it contains the same inactive ingredients, other than preservatives, buffers, substances to adjust tonicity, or thickening agents, in the same concentration as the listed drug, and if it differs from the listed drug in a preservative, buffer, substance to adjust tonicity, or thickening agent, the application contains sufficient information to demonstrate that the difference does not affect the safety of the drug product and the labeling does not claim any therapeutic advantage over or difference from the listed drug. (9) Approval of the listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application has been withdrawn or suspended for grounds described in § 314.150(a) or FDA has published a notice of opportunity for hearing to withdraw approval of the reference listed drug under § 314.150(a). (10) Approval of the listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application has been withdrawn under § 314.151 or FDA has proposed to withdraw approval of the reference listed drug under § 314.151(a). (11) FDA has determined that the reference listed drug has been withdrawn from sale for safety or effectiveness reasons under § 314.161, or the reference listed drug has been voluntarily withdrawn from sale and the agency has not determined whether the withdrawal is for safety or effectiveness reasons, or approval of the reference listed drug has been suspended under § 314.153, or the agency has issued an initial decision proposing to suspend the reference listed drug under § 314.153(a)(1). (12) The abbreviated new drug application does not meet any other requirement under section 505(j)(2)(A) of the act. (13) The abbreviated new drug application contains an untrue statement of material fact. (b) FDA may refuse to approve an abbreviated application for a new drug if the applicant or contract research organization that conducted a bioavailability or bioequivalence study described in § 320.63 of this chapter that is contained in the abbreviated new drug application refuses to permit an inspection of facilities or records relevant to the study by a properly authorized officer of employee of the Department of Health and Human Services or refuses to submit reserve samples of the drug products used in the study when requested by FDA.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "FDA will refuse to approve an abbreviated application for a new drug under section 505(j) of the act for any of the following reasons:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The methods used in, or the facilities and controls used for, the manufacture, processing, and packing of the drug product are inadequate to ensure and preserve its identity, strength, quality, and purity.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Information submitted with the abbreviated new drug application is insufficient to show that each of the proposed conditions of use has been previously approved for the listed drug referred to in the application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "If the reference listed drug has more than one active ingredient, information submitted with the abbreviated new drug application is insufficient to show that the active ingredients are the same as the active ingredients of the reference listed drug; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "If the reference listed drug has more than one active ingredient and if the abbreviated new drug application is for a drug product that has an active ingredient different from the reference listed drug:", "source": null}, {"label": "(A)", "text": "Information submitted with the abbreviated new drug application is insufficient to show:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "That the other active ingredients are the same as the active ingredients of the reference listed drug; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "That the different active ingredient is an active ingredient of a listed drug or a drug that does not meet the requirements of section 201(p) of the act; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "No petition to submit an abbreviated application for the drug product with the different active ingredient was approved under § 314.93.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "If the abbreviated new drug application is for a drug product whose route of administration, dosage form, or strength is different from that of the listed drug referred to in the application, no petition to submit an abbreviated new drug application for the drug product with the different route of administration, dosage form, or strength was approved under § 314.93.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "If the abbreviated new drug application was submitted under the approval of a petition under § 314.93, the abbreviated new drug application did not contain the information required by FDA with respect to the active ingredient, route of administration, dosage form, or strength that is not the same as that of the reference listed drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "If the abbreviated new drug application was submitted under a petition approved under § 314.93, information submitted in the abbreviated new drug application is insufficient to show that the active ingredients of the drug product are of the same pharmacological or therapeutic class as those of the reference listed drug and that the drug product can be expected to have the same therapeutic effect as the reference listed drug when administered to patients for each condition of use approved for the reference listed drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "Information submitted in the abbreviated new drug application is insufficient to show that the labeling proposed for the drug is the same as the labeling approved for the listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application except for changes required because of differences approved in a petition under § 314.93 or because the drug product and the reference listed drug are produced or distributed by different manufacturers or because aspects of the listed drug's labeling are protected by patent, or by exclusivity, and such differences do not render the proposed drug product less safe or effective than the listed drug for all remaining, nonprotected conditions of use.", "source": null}, {"label": "(A)", "text": "The inactive ingredients of the drug product are unsafe for use, as described in paragraph (a)(8)(ii) of this section, under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in the labeling proposed for the drug product; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "The composition of the drug product is unsafe, as described in paragraph (a)(8)(ii) of this section, under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in the proposed labeling because of the type or quantity of inactive ingredients included or the manner in which the inactive ingredients are included.", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "A change in an inactive ingredient so that the product does not comply with an official compendium.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "A change in composition to include an inactive ingredient that has not been previously approved in a drug product for human use by the same route of administration.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "A change in the composition of a parenteral drug product to include an inactive ingredient that has not been previously approved in a parenteral drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "A change in composition of a drug product for ophthalmic use to include an inactive ingredient that has not been previously approved in a drug for ophthalmic use.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "The use of a delivery or a modified release mechanism never before approved for the drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "A change in composition to include a significantly greater content of one or more inactive ingredients than previously used in the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "If the drug product is intended for topical administration, a change in the properties of the vehicle or base that might increase absorption of certain potentially toxic active ingredients thereby affecting the safety of the drug product, or a change in the lipophilic properties of a vehicle or base, e.g., a change from an oleaginous to a water soluble vehicle or base.", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "FDA will consider an inactive ingredient in, or the composition of, a drug product intended for parenteral use to be unsafe and will refuse to approve the abbreviated new drug application unless it contains the same inactive ingredients, other than preservatives, buffers, and antioxidants, in the same concentration as the listed drug, and, if it differs from the listed drug in a preservative, buffer, or antioxidant, the application contains sufficient information to demonstrate that the difference does not affect the safety of the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(C)", "text": "FDA will consider an inactive ingredient in, or the composition of, a drug product intended for ophthalmic or otic use unsafe and will refuse to approve the abbreviated new drug application unless it contains the same inactive ingredients, other than preservatives, buffers, substances to adjust tonicity, or thickening agents, in the same concentration as the listed drug, and if it differs from the listed drug in a preservative, buffer, substance to adjust tonicity, or thickening agent, the application contains sufficient information to demonstrate that the difference does not affect the safety of the drug product and the labeling does not claim any therapeutic advantage over or difference from the listed drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(9)", "text": "Approval of the listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application has been withdrawn or suspended for grounds described in § 314.150(a) or FDA has published a notice of opportunity for hearing to withdraw approval of the reference listed drug under § 314.150(a).", "source": null}, {"label": "(10)", "text": "Approval of the listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application has been withdrawn under § 314.151 or FDA has proposed to withdraw approval of the reference listed drug under § 314.151(a).", "source": null}, {"label": "(11)", "text": "FDA has determined that the reference listed drug has been withdrawn from sale for safety or effectiveness reasons under § 314.161, or the reference listed drug has been voluntarily withdrawn from sale and the agency has not determined whether the withdrawal is for safety or effectiveness reasons, or approval of the reference listed drug has been suspended under § 314.153, or the agency has issued an initial decision proposing to suspend the reference listed drug under § 314.153(a)(1).", "source": null}, {"label": "(12)", "text": "The abbreviated new drug application does not meet any other requirement under section 505(j)(2)(A) of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(13)", "text": "The abbreviated new drug application contains an untrue statement of material fact.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "FDA may refuse to approve an abbreviated application for a new drug if the applicant or contract research organization that conducted a bioavailability or bioequivalence study described in § 320.63 of this chapter that is contained in the abbreviated new drug application refuses to permit an inspection of facilities or records relevant to the study by a properly authorized officer of employee of the Department of Health and Human Services or refuses to submit reserve samples of the drug products used in the study when requested by FDA.", "source": null}]		§ 314.151; § 314.93; § 314.93.; § 314.150; § 320.63; § 314.161; § 314.153	[57 FR 17991, Apr. 28, 1992; 57 FR 29353, July 1, 1992, as amended at 58 FR 25927, Apr. 28, 1993]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.127
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.150	Withdrawal of approval of an application or abbreviated application.	(a) The Food and Drug Administration will notify the applicant, and, if appropriate, all other persons who manufacture or distribute identical, related, or similar drug products as defined in §§ 310.6 and 314.151(a) of this chapter and for a new drug afford an opportunity for a hearing on a proposal to withdraw approval of the application or abbreviated new drug application under section 505(e) of the act and under the procedure in § 314.200, or, for an antibiotic, rescind a certification or release, or amend or repeal a regulation providing for certification under section 507 of the act and under the procedure in § 314.300, if any of the following apply: (1) The Secretary of Health and Human Services has suspended the approval of the application or abbreviated application for a new drug on a finding that there is an imminent hazard to the public health. FDA will promptly afford the applicant an expedited hearing following summary suspension on a finding of imminent hazard to health. (2) FDA finds: (i) That clinical or other experience, tests, or other scientific data show that the drug is unsafe for use under the conditions of use upon the basis of which the application or abbreviated application was approved; or (ii) That new evidence of clinical experience, not contained in the application or not available to FDA until after the application or abbreviated application was approved, or tests by new methods, or tests by methods not deemed reasonably applicable when the application or abbreviated application was approved, evaluated together with the evidence available when the application or abbreviated application was approved, reveal that the drug is not shown to be safe for use under the conditions of use upon the basis of which the application or abbreviated application was approved; or (iii) Upon the basis of new information before FDA with respect to the drug, evaluated together with the evidence available when the application or abbreviated application was approved, that there is a lack of substantial evidence from adequate and well-controlled investigations as defined in § 314.126, that the drug will have the effect it is purported or represented to have under the conditions of use prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its labeling; or (iv) That the application or abbreviated application contains any untrue statement of a material fact; or (v) That the patent information prescribed by section 505(c) of the act was not submitted within 30 days after the receipt of written notice from FDA specifying the failure to submit such information; or (b) FDA may notify the applicant, and, if appropriate, all other persons who manufacture or distribute identical, related, or similar drug products as defined in § 310.6, and for a new drug afford an opportunity for a hearing on a proposal to withdraw approval of the application or abbreviated new drug application under section 505(e) of the act and under the procedure in § 314.200, or, for an antibiotic, rescind a certification or release, or amend or repeal a regulation providing for certification under section 507 of the act and the procedure in § 314.300, if the agency finds: (1) That the applicant has failed to establish a system for maintaining required records, or has repeatedly or deliberately failed to maintain required records or to make required reports under section 505(k) or 507(g) of the act and § 314.80, § 314.81, or § 314.98, or that the applicant has refused to permit access to, or copying or verification of, its records. (2) That on the basis of new information before FDA, evaluated together with the evidence available when the application or abbreviated application was approved, the methods used in, or the facilities and controls used for, the manufacture, processing, and packing of the drug are inadequate to ensure and preserve its identity, strength, quality, and purity and were not made adequate within a reasonable time after receipt of written notice from the agency. (3) That on the basis of new information before FDA, evaluated together with the evidence available when the application or abbreviated application was approved, the labeling of the drug, based on a fair evaluation of all material facts, is false or misleading in any particular, and the labeling was not corrected by the applicant within a reasonable time after receipt of written notice from the agency. (4) That the applicant has failed to comply with the notice requirements of section 510(j)(2) of the act. (5) That the applicant has failed to submit bioavailability or bioequivalence data required under part 320 of this chapter. (6) The application or abbreviated application does not contain an explanation of the omission of a report of any investigation of the drug product sponsored by the applicant, or an explanation of the omission of other information about the drug pertinent to an evaluation of the application or abbreviated application that is received or otherwise obtained by the applicant from any source. (7) That any nonclinical laboratory study that is described in the application or abbreviated application and that is essential to show that the drug is safe for use under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its labeling was not conducted in compliance with the good laboratory practice regulations in part 58 of this chapter and no reason for the noncompliance was provided or, if it was, the differences between the practices used in conducting the study and the good laboratory practice regulations do not support the validity of the study. (8) Any clinical investigation involving human subjects described in the application or abbreviated application, subject to the institutional review board regulations in part 56 of this chapter or informed consent regulations in part 50 of this chapter, was not conducted in compliance with those regulations such that the rights or safety of human subjects were not adequately protected. (9) That the applicant or contract research organization that conducted a bioavailability or bioequivalence study described in § 320.38 or § 320.63 of this chapter that is contained in the application or abbreviated application refuses to permit an inspection of facilities or records relevant to the study by a properly authorized officer or employee of the Department of Health and Human Services or refuses to submit reserve samples of the drug products used in the study when requested by FDA. (10) That the labeling for the drug product that is the subject of the abbreviated new drug application is no longer consistent with that for the listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application, except for differences approved in the abbreviated new drug application or those differences resulting from: (i) A patent on the listed drug issued after approval of the abbreviated new drug application; or (ii) Exclusivity accorded to the listed drug after approval of the abbreviated new drug application that do not render the drug product less safe or effective than the listed drug for any remaining, nonprotected condition(s) of use. (c) FDA will withdraw approval of an application or abbreviated application if the applicant requests its withdrawal because the drug subject to the application or abbreviated application is no longer being marketed, provided none of the conditions listed in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section applies to the drug. FDA will consider a written request for a withdrawal under this paragraph to be a waiver of an opportunity for hearing otherwise provided for in this section. Withdrawal of approval of an application or abbreviated application under this paragraph is without prejudice to refiling. (d) FDA may notify an applicant that it believes a potential problem associated with a drug is sufficiently serious that the drug should be removed from the market and may ask the applicant to waive the opportunity for hearing otherwise provided for under this section, to permit FDA to withdraw approval of the application or abbreviated application for the product, and to remove voluntarily the product from the market. If the applicant agrees, the agency will not make a finding under paragraph (b) of this section, but will withdraw approval of the application or abbreviated application in a notice published in the Federal Register that contains a brief summary of the agency's and the applicant's views of the reasons for withdrawal.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The Food and Drug Administration will notify the applicant, and, if appropriate, all other persons who manufacture or distribute identical, related, or similar drug products as defined in §§ 310.6 and 314.151(a) of this chapter and for a new drug afford an opportunity for a hearing on a proposal to withdraw approval of the application or abbreviated new drug application under section 505(e) of the act and under the procedure in § 314.200, or, for an antibiotic, rescind a certification or release, or amend or repeal a regulation providing for certification under section 507 of the act and under the procedure in § 314.300, if any of the following apply:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The Secretary of Health and Human Services has suspended the approval of the application or abbreviated application for a new drug on a finding that there is an imminent hazard to the public health. FDA will promptly afford the applicant an expedited hearing following summary suspension on a finding of imminent hazard to health.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "FDA finds:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "That clinical or other experience, tests, or other scientific data show that the drug is unsafe for use under the conditions of use upon the basis of which the application or abbreviated application was approved; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "That new evidence of clinical experience, not contained in the application or not available to FDA until after the application or abbreviated application was approved, or tests by new methods, or tests by methods not deemed reasonably applicable when the application or abbreviated application was approved, evaluated together with the evidence available when the application or abbreviated application was approved, reveal that the drug is not shown to be safe for use under the conditions of use upon the basis of which the application or abbreviated application was approved; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Upon the basis of new information before FDA with respect to the drug, evaluated together with the evidence available when the application or abbreviated application was approved, that there is a lack of substantial evidence from adequate and well-controlled investigations as defined in § 314.126, that the drug will have the effect it is purported or represented to have under the conditions of use prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its labeling; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "That the application or abbreviated application contains any untrue statement of a material fact; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "That the patent information prescribed by section 505(c) of the act was not submitted within 30 days after the receipt of written notice from FDA specifying the failure to submit such information; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "FDA may notify the applicant, and, if appropriate, all other persons who manufacture or distribute identical, related, or similar drug products as defined in § 310.6, and for a new drug afford an opportunity for a hearing on a proposal to withdraw approval of the application or abbreviated new drug application under section 505(e) of the act and under the procedure in § 314.200, or, for an antibiotic, rescind a certification or release, or amend or repeal a regulation providing for certification under section 507 of the act and the procedure in § 314.300, if the agency finds:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "That the applicant has failed to establish a system for maintaining required records, or has repeatedly or deliberately failed to maintain required records or to make required reports under section 505(k) or 507(g) of the act and § 314.80, § 314.81, or § 314.98, or that the applicant has refused to permit access to, or copying or verification of, its records.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "That on the basis of new information before FDA, evaluated together with the evidence available when the application or abbreviated application was approved, the methods used in, or the facilities and controls used for, the manufacture, processing, and packing of the drug are inadequate to ensure and preserve its identity, strength, quality, and purity and were not made adequate within a reasonable time after receipt of written notice from the agency.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "That on the basis of new information before FDA, evaluated together with the evidence available when the application or abbreviated application was approved, the labeling of the drug, based on a fair evaluation of all material facts, is false or misleading in any particular, and the labeling was not corrected by the applicant within a reasonable time after receipt of written notice from the agency.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "That the applicant has failed to comply with the notice requirements of section 510(j)(2) of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "That the applicant has failed to submit bioavailability or bioequivalence data required under part 320 of this chapter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "The application or abbreviated application does not contain an explanation of the omission of a report of any investigation of the drug product sponsored by the applicant, or an explanation of the omission of other information about the drug pertinent to an evaluation of the application or abbreviated application that is received or otherwise obtained by the applicant from any source.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "That any nonclinical laboratory study that is described in the application or abbreviated application and that is essential to show that the drug is safe for use under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in its labeling was not conducted in compliance with the good laboratory practice regulations in part 58 of this chapter and no reason for the noncompliance was provided or, if it was, the differences between the practices used in conducting the study and the good laboratory practice regulations do not support the validity of the study.", "source": null}, {"label": "(8)", "text": "Any clinical investigation involving human subjects described in the application or abbreviated application, subject to the institutional review board regulations in part 56 of this chapter or informed consent regulations in part 50 of this chapter, was not conducted in compliance with those regulations such that the rights or safety of human subjects were not adequately protected.", "source": null}, {"label": "(9)", "text": "That the applicant or contract research organization that conducted a bioavailability or bioequivalence study described in § 320.38 or § 320.63 of this chapter that is contained in the application or abbreviated application refuses to permit an inspection of facilities or records relevant to the study by a properly authorized officer or employee of the Department of Health and Human Services or refuses to submit reserve samples of the drug products used in the study when requested by FDA.", "source": null}, {"label": "(10)", "text": "That the labeling for the drug product that is the subject of the abbreviated new drug application is no longer consistent with that for the listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application, except for differences approved in the abbreviated new drug application or those differences resulting from:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "A patent on the listed drug issued after approval of the abbreviated new drug application; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Exclusivity accorded to the listed drug after approval of the abbreviated new drug application that do not render the drug product less safe or effective than the listed drug for any remaining, nonprotected condition(s) of use.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "FDA will withdraw approval of an application or abbreviated application if the applicant requests its withdrawal because the drug subject to the application or abbreviated application is no longer being marketed, provided none of the conditions listed in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section applies to the drug. FDA will consider a written request for a withdrawal under this paragraph to be a waiver of an opportunity for hearing otherwise provided for in this section. Withdrawal of approval of an application or abbreviated application under this paragraph is without prejudice to refiling.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "FDA may notify an applicant that it believes a potential problem associated with a drug is sufficiently serious that the drug should be removed from the market and may ask the applicant to waive the opportunity for hearing otherwise provided for under this section, to permit FDA to withdraw approval of the application or abbreviated application for the product, and to remove voluntarily the product from the market. If the applicant agrees, the agency will not make a finding under paragraph (b) of this section, but will withdraw approval of the application or abbreviated application in a notice published in the Federal Register that contains a brief summary of the agency's and the applicant's views of the reasons for withdrawal.", "source": null}]		§ 314.98; § 314.126; § 314.300; § 310.6; § 314.81; § 320.63; § 320.38; § 314.80; § 314.200	[57 FR 17993, Apr. 28, 1992, as amended at 58 FR 25927, Apr. 28, 1993]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		30 days	False	True	30 days; within 30 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.150
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.151	Withdrawal of approval of an abbreviated new drug application under section 505(j)(5) of the act.	(a) Approval of an abbreviated new drug application approved under § 314.105(d) may be withdrawn when the agency withdraws approval, under § 314.150(a) or under this section, of the approved drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application. If the agency proposed to withdraw approval of a listed drug under § 314.150(a), the holder of an approved application for the listed drug has a right to notice and opportunity for hearing. The published notice of opportunity for hearing will identify all drug products approved under § 314.105(d) whose applications are subject to withdrawal under this section if the listed drug is withdrawn, and will propose to withdraw such drugs. Holders of approved applications for the identified drug products will be provided notice and an opportunity to respond to the proposed withdrawal of their applications as described in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section. (b)(1) The published notice of opportunity for hearing on the withdrawal of the listed drug will serve as notice to holders of identified abbreviated new drug applications of the grounds for the proposed withdrawal. (2) Holders of applications for drug products identified in the notice of opportunity for hearing may submit written comments on the notice of opportunity for hearing issued on the proposed withdrawal of the listed drug. If an abbreviated new drug application holder submits comments on the notice of opportunity for hearing and a hearing is granted, the abbreviated new drug application holder may participate in the hearing as a nonparty participant as provided for in § 12.89 of this chapter. (3) Except as provided in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section, the approval of an abbreviated new drug application for a drug product identified in the notice of opportunity for hearing on the withdrawal of a listed drug will be withdrawn when the agency has completed the withdrawal of approval of the listed drug. (c)(1) If the holder of an application for a drug identified in the notice of opportunity for hearing has submitted timely comments but does not have an opportunity to participate in a hearing because a hearing is not requested or is settled, the submitted comments will be considered by the agency, which will issue an initial decision. The initial decision will respond to the comments, and contain the agency's decision whether there are grounds to withdraw approval of the listed drug and of the abbreviated new drug applications on which timely comments were submitted. The initial decision will be sent to each abbreviated new drug application holder that has submitted comments. (2) Abbreviated new drug application holders to whom the initial decision was sent may, within 30 days of the issuance of the initial decision, submit written objections. (3) The agency may, at its discretion, hold a limited oral hearing to resolve dispositive factual issues that cannot be resolved on the basis of written submissions. (4) If there are no timely objections to the initial decision, it will become final at the expiration of 30 days. (5) If timely objections are submitted, they will be reviewed and responded to in a final decision. (6) The written comments received, the initial decision, the evidence relied on in the comments and in the initial decision, the objections to the initial decision, and, if a limited oral hearing has been held, the transcript of that hearing and any documents submitted therein, shall form the record upon which the agency shall make a final decision. (7) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, any abbreviated new drug application whose holder submitted comments on the notice of opportunity for hearing shall be withdrawn upon the issuance of a final decision concluding that the listed drug should be withdrawn for grounds as described in § 314.150(a). The final decision shall be in writing and shall constitute final agency action, reviewable in a judicial proceeding. (8) Documents in the record will be publicly available in accordance with § 10.20(j) of this chapter. Documents available for examination or copying will be placed on public display in the Dockets Management Branch (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, room. 1-23, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857, promptly upon receipt in that office. (d) If the agency determines, based upon information submitted by the holder of an abbreviated new drug application, that the grounds for withdrawal of the listed drug are not applicable to a drug identified in the notice of opportunity for hearing, the final decision will state that the approval of the abbreviated new drug application for such drug is not withdrawn.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Approval of an abbreviated new drug application approved under § 314.105(d) may be withdrawn when the agency withdraws approval, under § 314.150(a) or under this section, of the approved drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application. If the agency proposed to withdraw approval of a listed drug under § 314.150(a), the holder of an approved application for the listed drug has a right to notice and opportunity for hearing. The published notice of opportunity for hearing will identify all drug products approved under § 314.105(d) whose applications are subject to withdrawal under this section if the listed drug is withdrawn, and will propose to withdraw such drugs. Holders of approved applications for the identified drug products will be provided notice and an opportunity to respond to the proposed withdrawal of their applications as described in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Holders of applications for drug products identified in the notice of opportunity for hearing may submit written comments on the notice of opportunity for hearing issued on the proposed withdrawal of the listed drug. If an abbreviated new drug application holder submits comments on the notice of opportunity for hearing and a hearing is granted, the abbreviated new drug application holder may participate in the hearing as a nonparty participant as provided for in § 12.89 of this chapter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Except as provided in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section, the approval of an abbreviated new drug application for a drug product identified in the notice of opportunity for hearing on the withdrawal of a listed drug will be withdrawn when the agency has completed the withdrawal of approval of the listed drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Abbreviated new drug application holders to whom the initial decision was sent may, within 30 days of the issuance of the initial decision, submit written objections.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The agency may, at its discretion, hold a limited oral hearing to resolve dispositive factual issues that cannot be resolved on the basis of written submissions.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "If there are no timely objections to the initial decision, it will become final at the expiration of 30 days.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "If timely objections are submitted, they will be reviewed and responded to in a final decision.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "The written comments received, the initial decision, the evidence relied on in the comments and in the initial decision, the objections to the initial decision, and, if a limited oral hearing has been held, the transcript of that hearing and any documents submitted therein, shall form the record upon which the agency shall make a final decision.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, any abbreviated new drug application whose holder submitted comments on the notice of opportunity for hearing shall be withdrawn upon the issuance of a final decision concluding that the listed drug should be withdrawn for grounds as described in § 314.150(a). The final decision shall be in writing and shall constitute final agency action, reviewable in a judicial proceeding.", "source": null}, {"label": "(8)", "text": "Documents in the record will be publicly available in accordance with § 10.20(j) of this chapter. Documents available for examination or copying will be placed on public display in the Dockets Management Branch (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, room. 1-23, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857, promptly upon receipt in that office.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "If the agency determines, based upon information submitted by the holder of an abbreviated new drug application, that the grounds for withdrawal of the listed drug are not applicable to a drug identified in the notice of opportunity for hearing, the final decision will state that the approval of the abbreviated new drug application for such drug is not withdrawn.", "source": null}]		§ 12.89; § 314.105; § 10.20; § 314.150	[57 FR 17994, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		30 days	False	True	within 30 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.151
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.152	Notice of withdrawal of approval of an application or abbreviated application for a new drug.	If the Food and Drug Administration withdraws approval of an application or abbreviated application for a new drug, FDA will publish a notice in the Federal Register announcing the withdrawal of approval. If the application or abbreviated application was withdrawn for grounds described in § 314.150(a) or § 314.151, the notice will announce the removal of the drug from the list of approved drugs published under section 505(j)(6) of the act and shall satisfy the requirement of § 314.162(b).	regulation			§ 314.151; § 314.150; § 314.162	[57 FR 17994, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.152
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.153	Suspension of approval of an abbreviated new drug application.	(a) Suspension of approval. The approval of an abbreviated new drug application approved under § 314.105(d) shall be suspended for the period stated when: (1) The Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the imminent hazard authority of section 505(e) of the act or the authority of this paragraph, suspends approval of a listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application, for the period of the suspension; (2) The agency, in the notice described in paragraph (b) of this section, or in any subsequent written notice given an abbreviated new drug application holder by the agency, concludes that the risk of continued marketing and use of the drug is inappropriate, pending completion of proceedings to withdraw or suspend approval under § 314.151 or paragraph (b) of this section; or (3) The agency, under the procedures set forth in paragraph (b) of this section, issues a final decision stating the determination that the abbreviated application is suspended because the listed drug on which the approval of the abbreviated new drug application depends has been withdrawn from sale for reasons of safety or effectiveness or has been suspended under paragraph (b) of this section. The suspension will take effect on the date stated in the decision and will remain in effect until the agency determines that the marketing of the drug has resumed or that the withdrawal is not for safety or effectiveness reasons. (b) Procedures for suspension of abbreviated new drug applications when a listed drug is voluntarily withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons. (1) If a listed drug is voluntarily withdrawn from sale, and the agency determines that the withdrawal from sale was for reasons of safety or effectiveness, the agency will send each holder of an approved abbreviated new drug application that is subject to suspension as a result of this determination a copy of the agency's initial decision setting forth the reasons for the determination. The initial decision will also be placed on file with the Dockets Management Branch (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, room 1-23, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857. (2) Each abbreviated new drug application holder will have 30 days from the issuance of the initial decision to present, in writing, comments and information bearing on the initial decision. If no comments or information is received, the initial decision will become final at the expiration of 30 days. (3) Comments and information received within 30 days of the issuance of the initial decision will be considered by the agency and responded to in a final decision. (4) The agency may, in its discretion, hold a limited oral hearing to resolve dispositive factual issues that cannot be resolved on the basis of written submissions. (5) If the final decision affirms the agency's initial decision that the listed drug was withdrawn for reasons of safety or effectiveness, the decision will be published in the Federal Register in compliance with § 314.152, and will, except as provided in paragraph (b)(6) of this section, suspend approval of all abbreviated new drug applications identified under paragraph (b)(1) of this section and remove from the list the listed drug and any drug whose approval was suspended under this paragraph. The notice will satisfy the requirement of § 314.162(b). The agency's final decision and copies of materials on which it relies will also be filed with the Dockets Management Branch (address in paragraph (b)(1) of this section). (6) If the agency determines in its final decision that the listed drug was withdrawn for reasons of safety or effectiveness but, based upon information submitted by the holder of an abbreviated new drug application, also determines that the reasons for the withdrawal of the listed drug are not relevant to the safety and effectiveness of the drug subject to such abbreviated new drug application, the final decision will state that the approval of such abbreviated new drug application is not suspended. (7) Documents in the record will be publicly available in accordance with § 10.20(j) of this chapter. Documents available for examination or copying will be placed on public display in the Dockets Management Branch (address in paragraph (b)(1) of this section) promptly upon receipt in that office.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Suspension of approval. The approval of an abbreviated new drug application approved under § 314.105(d) shall be suspended for the period stated when:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the imminent hazard authority of section 505(e) of the act or the authority of this paragraph, suspends approval of a listed drug referred to in the abbreviated new drug application, for the period of the suspension;", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The agency, in the notice described in paragraph (b) of this section, or in any subsequent written notice given an abbreviated new drug application holder by the agency, concludes that the risk of continued marketing and use of the drug is inappropriate, pending completion of proceedings to withdraw or suspend approval under § 314.151 or paragraph (b) of this section; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The agency, under the procedures set forth in paragraph (b) of this section, issues a final decision stating the determination that the abbreviated application is suspended because the listed drug on which the approval of the abbreviated new drug application depends has been withdrawn from sale for reasons of safety or effectiveness or has been suspended under paragraph (b) of this section. The suspension will take effect on the date stated in the decision and will remain in effect until the agency determines that the marketing of the drug has resumed or that the withdrawal is not for safety or effectiveness reasons.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Procedures for suspension of abbreviated new drug applications when a listed drug is voluntarily withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons. (1) If a listed drug is voluntarily withdrawn from sale, and the agency determines that the withdrawal from sale was for reasons of safety or effectiveness, the agency will send each holder of an approved abbreviated new drug application that is subject to suspension as a result of this determination a copy of the agency's initial decision setting forth the reasons for the determination. The initial decision will also be placed on file with the Dockets Management Branch (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, room 1-23, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Each abbreviated new drug application holder will have 30 days from the issuance of the initial decision to present, in writing, comments and information bearing on the initial decision. If no comments or information is received, the initial decision will become final at the expiration of 30 days.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Comments and information received within 30 days of the issuance of the initial decision will be considered by the agency and responded to in a final decision.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The agency may, in its discretion, hold a limited oral hearing to resolve dispositive factual issues that cannot be resolved on the basis of written submissions.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "If the final decision affirms the agency's initial decision that the listed drug was withdrawn for reasons of safety or effectiveness, the decision will be published in the Federal Register in compliance with § 314.152, and will, except as provided in paragraph (b)(6) of this section, suspend approval of all abbreviated new drug applications identified under paragraph (b)(1) of this section and remove from the list the listed drug and any drug whose approval was suspended under this paragraph. The notice will satisfy the requirement of § 314.162(b). The agency's final decision and copies of materials on which it relies will also be filed with the Dockets Management Branch (address in paragraph (b)(1) of this section).", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "If the agency determines in its final decision that the listed drug was withdrawn for reasons of safety or effectiveness but, based upon information submitted by the holder of an abbreviated new drug application, also determines that the reasons for the withdrawal of the listed drug are not relevant to the safety and effectiveness of the drug subject to such abbreviated new drug application, the final decision will state that the approval of such abbreviated new drug application is not suspended.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "Documents in the record will be publicly available in accordance with § 10.20(j) of this chapter. Documents available for examination or copying will be placed on public display in the Dockets Management Branch (address in paragraph (b)(1) of this section) promptly upon receipt in that office.", "source": null}]		§ 314.151; § 314.105; § 10.20; § 314.162; § 314.152	[57 FR 17995, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		30 days	False	True	30 days; within 30 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.153
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.160	Approval of an application or abbreviated application for which approval was previously refused, suspended, or withdrawn.	Upon the Food and Drug Administration's own initiative or upon request of an applicant, FDA may, on the basis of new data, approve an application or abbreviated application which it had previously refused, suspended, or withdrawn approval. FDA will publish a notice in the Federal Register announcing the approval.	regulation				[57 FR 17995, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.160
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.161	Determination of reasons for voluntary withdrawal of a listed drug.	(a) A determination whether a listed drug that has been voluntarily withdrawn from sale was withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons may be made by the agency at any time after the drug has been voluntarily withdrawn from sale, but must be made: (1) Prior to approving an abbreviated new drug application that refers to the listed drug; (2) Whenever a listed drug is voluntarily withdrawn from sale and abbreviated new drug applications that referred to the listed drug have been approved; and (3) When a person petitions for such a determination under §§ 10.25(a) and 10.30 of this chapter. (b) Any person may petition under §§ 10.25(a) and 10.30 of this chapter for a determination whether a listed drug has been voluntarily withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons. Any such petition must contain all evidence available to the petitioner concerning the reason that the drug is withdrawn from sale. (c) If the agency determines that a listed drug is withdrawn from sale for safety or effectiveness reasons, the agency will, except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, publish a notice of the determination in the Federal Register. (d) If the agency determines under paragraph (a) of this section that a listed drug is withdrawn from sale for safety and effectiveness reasons and there are approved abbreviated new drug applications that are subject to suspension under section 505(j)(5) of the act, FDA will initiate a proceeding in accordance with § 314.153(b). (e) A drug that the agency determines is withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons will be removed from the list, under § 314.162. The drug may be relisted if the agency has evidence that marketing of the drug has resumed or that the withdrawal is not for safety or effectiveness reasons. A determination that the drug is not withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons may be made at any time after its removal from the list, upon the agency's initiative, or upon the submission of a petition under §§ 10.25(a) and 10.30 of this chapter. If the agency determines that the drug is not withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons, the agency shall publish a notice of this determination in the Federal Register. The notice will also announce that the drug is relisted, under § 314.162(c). The notice will also serve to reinstate approval of all suspended abbreviated new drug applications that referred to the listed drug.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "A determination whether a listed drug that has been voluntarily withdrawn from sale was withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons may be made by the agency at any time after the drug has been voluntarily withdrawn from sale, but must be made:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Prior to approving an abbreviated new drug application that refers to the listed drug;", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Whenever a listed drug is voluntarily withdrawn from sale and abbreviated new drug applications that referred to the listed drug have been approved; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "When a person petitions for such a determination under §§ 10.25(a) and 10.30 of this chapter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Any person may petition under §§ 10.25(a) and 10.30 of this chapter for a determination whether a listed drug has been voluntarily withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons. Any such petition must contain all evidence available to the petitioner concerning the reason that the drug is withdrawn from sale.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "If the agency determines that a listed drug is withdrawn from sale for safety or effectiveness reasons, the agency will, except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, publish a notice of the determination in the Federal Register.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "If the agency determines under paragraph (a) of this section that a listed drug is withdrawn from sale for safety and effectiveness reasons and there are approved abbreviated new drug applications that are subject to suspension under section 505(j)(5) of the act, FDA will initiate a proceeding in accordance with § 314.153(b).", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "A drug that the agency determines is withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons will be removed from the list, under § 314.162. The drug may be relisted if the agency has evidence that marketing of the drug has resumed or that the withdrawal is not for safety or effectiveness reasons. A determination that the drug is not withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons may be made at any time after its removal from the list, upon the agency's initiative, or upon the submission of a petition under §§ 10.25(a) and 10.30 of this chapter. If the agency determines that the drug is not withdrawn for safety or effectiveness reasons, the agency shall publish a notice of this determination in the Federal Register. The notice will also announce that the drug is relisted, under § 314.162(c). The notice will also serve to reinstate approval of all suspended abbreviated new drug applications that referred to the listed drug.", "source": null}]		§ 10.25; § 314.162.; § 314.162; § 314.153	[57 FR 17995, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.161
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.162	Removal of a drug product from the list.	(a) FDA will remove a previously approved new drug product from the list for the period stated when: (1) The agency withdraws or suspends approval of a new drug application or an abbreviated new drug application under § 314.150(a) or § 314.151 or under the imminent hazard authority of section 505(e) of the act, for the same period as the withdrawal or suspension of the application; or (2) The agency, in accordance with the procedures in § 314.153(b) or § 314.161, issues a final decision stating that the listed drug was withdrawn from sale for safety or effectiveness reasons, or suspended under § 314.153(b), until the agency determines that the withdrawal from the market has ceased or is not for safety or effectiveness reasons. (b) FDA will publish in the Federal Register a notice announcing the removal of a drug from the list. (c) At the end of the period specified in paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section, FDA will relist a drug that has been removed from the list. The agency will publish in the Federal Register a notice announcing the relisting of the drug.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "FDA will remove a previously approved new drug product from the list for the period stated when:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The agency withdraws or suspends approval of a new drug application or an abbreviated new drug application under § 314.150(a) or § 314.151 or under the imminent hazard authority of section 505(e) of the act, for the same period as the withdrawal or suspension of the application; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The agency, in accordance with the procedures in § 314.153(b) or § 314.161, issues a final decision stating that the listed drug was withdrawn from sale for safety or effectiveness reasons, or suspended under § 314.153(b), until the agency determines that the withdrawal from the market has ceased or is not for safety or effectiveness reasons.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "FDA will publish in the Federal Register a notice announcing the removal of a drug from the list.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "At the end of the period specified in paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section, FDA will relist a drug that has been removed from the list. The agency will publish in the Federal Register a notice announcing the relisting of the drug.", "source": null}]		§ 314.161; § 314.151; § 314.150; § 314.153	[57 FR 17996, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.162
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart D	FDA Action on Applications and Abbreviated Applications	314.170	Adulteration and misbranding of an approved drug.	All drugs, including those the Food and Drug Administration approves, or provides for certification of, under sections 505, 506, and 507 of the act and this part, are subject to the adulteration and misbranding provisions in sections 501, 502, and 503 of the act. FDA is authorized to regulate approved new drugs and approved antibiotic drugs by regulations issued through informal rulemaking under sections 501, 502, and 503 of the act.	regulation						(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.170
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart E	Hearing Procedures for New Drugs	314.200	Notice of opportunity for hearing; notice of participation and request for hearing; grant or denial of hearing.	(a) Notice of opportunity for hearing. The Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, will give the applicant, and all other persons who manufacture or distribute identical, related, or similar drug products as defined in § 310.6 of this chapter, notice and an opportunity for a hearing on the Center's proposal to refuse to approve an application or to withdraw the approval of an application or abbreviated application under section 505(e) of the act. The notice will state the reasons for the action and the proposed grounds for the order. (1) The notice may be general (that is, simply summarizing in a general way the information resulting in the notice) or specific (that is, either referring to specific requirements in the statute and regulations with which there is a lack of compliance, or providing a detailed description and analysis of the specific facts resulting in the notice). (2) FDA will publish the notice in the Federal Register and will state that the applicant, and other persons subject to the notice under § 310.6, who wishes to participate in a hearing, has 30 days after the date of publication of the notice to file a written notice of participation and request for hearing. The applicant, or other persons subject to the notice under § 310.6, who fails to file a written notice of participation and request for hearing within 30 days, waives the opportunity for a hearing. (3) It is the responsibility of every manufacturer and distributor of a drug product to review every notice of opportunity for a hearing published in the Federal Register to determine whether it covers any drug product that person manufactures or distributes. Any person may request an opinion of the applicability of a notice to a specific product that may be identical, related, or similar to a product listed in a notice by writing to the Division of Drug Labeling Compliance (HFD-310), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. A person shall request an opinion within 30 days of the date of publication of the notice to be eligible for an opportunity for a hearing under the notice. If a person requests an opinion, that person's time for filing an appearance and request for a hearing and supporting studies and analyses begins on the date the person receives the opinion from FDA. (b) FDA will provide the notice of opportunity for a hearing to applicants and to other persons subject to the notice under § 310.6, as follows: (1) To any person who has submitted an application or abbreviated application, by delivering the notice in person or by sending it by registered or certified mail to the last address shown in the application or abbreviated application. (2) To any person who has not submitted an application or abbreviated application but who is subject to the notice under § 310.6 of this chapter, by publication of the notice in the Federal Register. (c)(1) Notice of participation and request for a hearing, and submission of studies and comments. The applicant, or any other person subject to the notice under § 310.6, who wishes to participate in a hearing, shall file with the Dockets Management Branch (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, rm. 1-23, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857, (i) within 30 days after the date of the publication of the notice (or of the date of receipt of an opinion requested under paragraph (a)(3) of this section) a written notice of participation and request for a hearing and (ii) within 60 days after the date of publication of the notice, unless a different period of time is specified in the notice of opportunity for a hearing, the studies on which the person relies to justify a hearing as specified in paragraph (d) of this section. The applicant, or other person, may incorporate by reference the raw data underlying a study if the data were previously submitted to FDA as part of an application, abbreviated application, or other report. (2) FDA will not consider data or analyses submitted after 60 days in determining whether a hearing is warranted unless they are derived from well-controlled studies begun before the date of the notice of opportunity for hearing and the results of the studies were not available within 60 days after the date of publication of the notice. Nevertheless, FDA may consider other studies on the basis of a showing by the person requesting a hearing of inadvertent omission and hardship. The person requesting a hearing shall list in the request for hearing all studies in progress, the results of which the person intends later to submit in support of the request for a hearing. The person shall submit under paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section a copy of the complete protocol, a list of the participating investigators, and a brief status report of the studies. (3) Any other interested person who is not subject to the notice of opportunity for a hearing may also submit comments on the proposal to withdraw approval of the application or abbreviated application. The comments are requested to be submitted within the time and under the conditions specified in this section. (d) The person requesting a hearing is required to submit under paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section the studies (including all protocols and underlying raw data) on which the person relies to justify a hearing with respect to the drug product. Except, a person who requests a hearing on the refusal to approve an application is not required to submit additional studies and analyses if the studies upon which the person relies have been submitted in the application and in the format and containing the summaries required under § 314.50. (1) If the grounds for FDA's proposed action concern the effectiveness of the drug, each request for hearing is required to be supported only by adequate and well-controlled clinical studies meeting all of the precise requirements of § 314.126 and, for combination drug products, § 300.50, or by other studies not meeting those requirements for which a waiver has been previously granted by FDA under § 314.126. Each person requesting a hearing shall submit all adequate and well-controlled clinical studies on the drug product, including any unfavorable analyses, views, or judgments with respect to the studies. No other data, information, or studies may be submitted. (2) The submission is required to include a factual analysis of all the studies submitted. If the grounds for FDA's proposed action concern the effectiveness of the drug, the analysis is required to specify how each study accords, on a point-by-point basis, with each criterion required for an adequate well-controlled clinical investigation established under § 314.126 and, if the product is a combination drug product, with each of the requirements for a combination drug established in § 300.50, or the study is required to be accompanied by an appropriate waiver previously granted by FDA. If a study concerns a drug or dosage form or condition of use or mode of administration other than the one in question, that fact is required to be clearly stated. Any study conducted on the final marketed form of the drug product is required to be clearly identified. (3) Each person requesting a hearing shall submit an analysis of the data upon which the person relies, except that the required information relating either to safety or to effectiveness may be omitted if the notice of opportunity for hearing does not raise any issue with respect to that aspect of the drug; information on compliance with § 300.50 may be omitted if the drug product is not a combination drug product. FDA can most efficiently consider submissions made in the following format. I. Safety data. A. Animal safety data. 1. Individual active components. a. Controlled studies. b. Partially controlled or uncontrolled studies. 2. Combinations of the individual active components. a. Controlled studies. b. Partially controlled or uncontrolled studies. B. Human safety data. 1. Individual active components. a. Controlled studies. b. Partially controlled or uncontrolled studies. c. Documented case reports. d. Pertinent marketing experiences that may influence a determination about the safety of each individual active component. 2. Combinations of the individual active components. a. Controlled studies. b. Partially controlled or uncontrolled studies. c. Documented case reports. d. Pertinent marketing experiences that may influence a determination about the safety of each individual active component. II. Effectiveness data. A. Individual active components: Controlled studies, with an analysis showing clearly how each study satisfies, on a point-by-point basis, each of the criteria required by § 314.126. B. Combinations of individual active components. 1. Controlled studies with an analysis showing clearly how each study satisfies on a point-by-point basis, each of the criteria required by § 314.126. 2. An analysis showing clearly how each requirement of § 300.50 has been satisfied. III. A summary of the data and views setting forth the medical rationale and purpose for the drug and its ingredients and the scientific basis for the conclusion that the drug and its ingredients have been proven safe and/or effective for the intended use. If there is an absence of controlled studies in the material submitted or the requirements of any element of § 300.50 or § 314.126 have not been fully met, that fact is required to be stated clearly and a waiver obtained under § 314.126 is required to be submitted. IV. A statement signed by the person responsible for such submission that it includes in full (or incorporates by reference as permitted in § 314.200(c)(2)) all studies and information specified in § 314.200(d). (Warning: A willfully false statement is a criminal offense, 18 U.S.C. 1001.) (e) Contentions that a drug product is not subject to the new drug requirements. A notice of opportunity for a hearing encompasses all issues relating to the legal status of each drug product subject to it, including identical, related, and similar drug products as defined in § 310.6. A notice of appearance and request for a hearing under paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section is required to contain any contention that the product is not a new drug because it is generally recognized as safe and effective within the meaning of section 201(p) of the act, or because it is exempt from part or all of the new drug provisions of the act under the exemption for products marketed before June 25, 1938, contained in section 201(p) of the act or under section 107(c) of the Drug Amendments of 1962, or for any other reason. Each contention is required to be supported by a submission under paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section and the Commissioner of Food and Drugs will make an administrative determination on each contention. The failure of any person subject to a notice of opportunity for a hearing, including any person who manufactures or distributes an identical, related, or similar drug product as defined in § 310.6, to submit a notice of participation and request for hearing or to raise all such contentions constitutes a waiver of any contentions not raised. (1) A contention that a drug product is generally recognized as safe and effective within the meaning of section 201(p) of the act is required to be supported by submission of the same quantity and quality of scientific evidence that is required to obtain approval of an application for the product, unless FDA has waived a requirement for effectiveness (under § 314.126) or safety, or both. The submission should be in the format and with the analyses required under paragraph (d) of this section. A person who fails to submit the required scientific evidence required under paragraph (d) waives the contention. General recognition of safety and effectiveness shall ordinarily be based upon published studies which may be corroborated by unpublished studies and other data and information. (2) A contention that a drug product is exempt from part or all of the new drug provisions of the act under the exemption for products marketed before June 25, 1938, contained in section 201(p) of the act, or under section 107(c) of the Drug Amendments of 1962, is required to be supported by evidence of past and present quantitative formulas, labeling, and evidence of marketing. A person who makes such a contention should submit the formulas, labeling, and evidence of marketing in the following format. I. Formulation. A. A copy of each pertinent document or record to establish the exact quantitative formulation of the drug (both active and inactive ingredients) on the date of initial marketing of the drug. B. A statement whether such formulation has at any subsequent time been changed in any manner. If any such change has been made, the exact date, nature, and rationale for each change in formulation, including any deletion or change in the concentration of any active ingredient and/or inactive ingredient, should be stated, together with a copy of each pertinent document or record to establish the date and nature of each such change, including, but not limited to, the formula which resulted from each such change. If no such change has been made, a copy of representative documents or records showing the formula at representative points in time should be submitted to support the statement. II. Labeling. A. A copy of each pertinent document or record to establish the identity of each item of written, printed, or graphic matter used as labeling on the date the drug was initially marketed. B. A statement whether such labeling has at any subsequent time been discontinued or changed in any manner. If such discontinuance or change has been made, the exact date, nature, and rationale for each discontinuance or change and a copy of each pertinent document or record to establish each such discontinuance or change should be submitted, including, but not limited to, the labeling which resulted from each such discontinuance or change. If no such discontinuance or change has been made, a copy of representative documents or records showing labeling at representative points in time should be submitted to support the statement. III. Marketing. A. A copy of each pertinent document or record to establish the exact date the drug was initially marketed. B. A statement whether such marketing has at any subsequent time been discontinued. If such marketing has been discontinued, the exact date of each such discontinuance should be submitted, together with a copy of each pertinent document or record to establish each such date. IV. Verification. A statement signed by the person responsible for such submission, that all appropriate records have been searched and to the best of that person's knowledge and belief it includes a true and accurate presentation of the facts. (Warning: A willfully false statement is a criminal offense, 18 U.S.C. 1001.) (3) The Food and Drug Administration will not find a drug product, including any active ingredient, which is identical, related, or similar, as described in § 310.6, to a drug product, including any active ingredient for which an application is or at any time has been effective or deemed approved, or approved under section 505 of the act, to be exempt from part or all of the new drug provisions of the act. (4) A contention that a drug product is not a new drug for any other reason is required to be supported by submission of the factual records, data, and information that are necessary and appropriate to support the contention. (5) It is the responsibility of every person who manufactures or distributes a drug product in reliance upon a “grandfather” provision of the act to maintain files that contain the data and information necessary fully to document and support that status. (f) Separation of functions. Separation of functions commences upon receipt of a request for hearing. The Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, will prepare an analysis of the request and a proposed order ruling on the matter. The analysis and proposed order, the request for hearing, and any proposed order denying a hearing and response under paragraph (g) (2) or (3) of this section will be submitted to the Office of the Commissioner of Food and Drugs for review and decision. When the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research recommends denial of a hearing on all issues on which a hearing is requested, no representative of the Center will participate or advise in the review and decision by the Commissioner. When the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research recommends that a hearing be granted on one or more issues on which a hearing is requested, separation of functions terminates as to those issues, and representatives of the Center may participate or advise in the review and decision by the Commissioner on those issues. The Commissioner may modify the text of the issues, but may not deny a hearing on those issues. Separation of functions continues with respect to issues on which the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research has recommended denial of a hearing. The Commissioner will neither evaluate nor rule on the Center's recommendation on such issues and such issues will not be included in the notice of hearing. Participants in the hearing may make a motion to the presiding officer for the inclusion of any such issue in the hearing. The ruling on such a motion is subject to review in accordance with § 12.35(b). Failure to so move constitutes a waiver of the right to a hearing on such an issue. Separation of functions on all issues resumes upon issuance of a notice of hearing. The Office of the General Counsel, Department of Health and Human Services, will observe the same separation of functions. (g) Summary judgment. A person who requests a hearing may not rely upon allegations or denials but is required to set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine and substantial issue of fact that requires a hearing with respect to a particular drug product specified in the request for hearing. (1) Where a specific notice of opportunity for hearing (as defined in paragraph (a)(1) of this section) is used, the Commissioner will enter summary judgment against a person who requests a hearing, making findings and conclusions, denying a hearing, if it conclusively appears from the face of the data, information, and factual analyses in the request for the hearing that there is no genuine and substantial issue of fact which precludes the refusal to approve the application or abbreviated application or the withdrawal of approval of the application or abbreviated application; for example, no adequate and well-controlled clinical investigations meeting each of the precise elements of § 314.126 and, for a combination drug product, § 300.50 of this chapter, showing effectiveness have been identified. Any order entering summary judgment is required to set forth the Commissioner's findings and conclusions in detail and is required to specify why each study submitted fails to meet the requirements of the statute and regulations or why the request for hearing does not raise a genuine and substantial issue of fact. (2) When following a general notice of opportunity for a hearing (as defined in paragraph (a)(1) of this section) the Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research concludes that summary judgment against a person requesting a hearing should be considered, the Director will serve upon the person requesting a hearing by registered mail a proposed order denying a hearing. This person has 60 days after receipt of the proposed order to respond with sufficient data, information, and analyses to demonstrate that there is a genuine and substantial issue of fact which justifies a hearing. (3) When following a general or specific notice of opportunity for a hearing a person requesting a hearing submits data or information of a type required by the statute and regulations, and the Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research concludes that summary judgment against the person should be considered, the Director will serve upon the person by registered mail a proposed order denying a hearing. The person has 60 days after receipt of the proposed order to respond with sufficient data, information, and analyses to demonstrate that there is a genuine and substantial issue of fact which justifies a hearing. (4) If review of the data, information, and analyses submitted show that the grounds cited in the notice are not valid, for example, that substantial evidence of effectiveness exists, the Commissioner will enter summary judgment for the person requesting the hearing, and rescind the notice of opportunity for hearing. (5) If the Commissioner grants a hearing, it will begin within 90 days after the expiration of the time for requesting the hearing unless the parties otherwise agree in the case of denial of approval, and as soon as practicable in the case of withdrawal of approval. (6) The Commissioner will grant a hearing if there exists a genuine and substantial issue of fact or if the Commissioner concludes that a hearing would otherwise be in the public interest. (7) If the manufacturer or distributor of an identical, related, or similar drug product requests and is granted a hearing, the hearing may consider whether the product is in fact identical, related, or similar to the drug product named in the notice of opportunity for a hearing. (8) A request for a hearing, and any subsequent grant or denial of a hearing, applies only to the drug products named in such documents. (h) FDA will issue a notice withdrawing approval and declaring all products unlawful for drug products subject to a notice of opportunity for a hearing, including any identical, related, or similar drug product under § 310.6, for which an opportunity for a hearing is waived or for which a hearing is denied. The Commissioner may defer or stay the action pending a ruling on any related request for a hearing or pending any related hearing or other administrative or judicial proceeding. (Collection of information requirements approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0910-0001)	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Notice of opportunity for hearing. The Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, will give the applicant, and all other persons who manufacture or distribute identical, related, or similar drug products as defined in § 310.6 of this chapter, notice and an opportunity for a hearing on the Center's proposal to refuse to approve an application or to withdraw the approval of an application or abbreviated application under section 505(e) of the act. The notice will state the reasons for the action and the proposed grounds for the order.", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The notice may be general (that is, simply summarizing in a general way the information resulting in the notice) or specific (that is, either referring to specific requirements in the statute and regulations with which there is a lack of compliance, or providing a detailed description and analysis of the specific facts resulting in the notice).", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "FDA will publish the notice in the Federal Register and will state that the applicant, and other persons subject to the notice under § 310.6, who wishes to participate in a hearing, has 30 days after the date of publication of the notice to file a written notice of participation and request for hearing. The applicant, or other persons subject to the notice under § 310.6, who fails to file a written notice of participation and request for hearing within 30 days, waives the opportunity for a hearing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "It is the responsibility of every manufacturer and distributor of a drug product to review every notice of opportunity for a hearing published in the Federal Register to determine whether it covers any drug product that person manufactures or distributes. Any person may request an opinion of the applicability of a notice to a specific product that may be identical, related, or similar to a product listed in a notice by writing to the Division of Drug Labeling Compliance (HFD-310), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. A person shall request an opinion within 30 days of the date of publication of the notice to be eligible for an opportunity for a hearing under the notice. If a person requests an opinion, that person's time for filing an appearance and request for a hearing and supporting studies and analyses begins on the date the person receives the opinion from FDA.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "FDA will provide the notice of opportunity for a hearing to applicants and to other persons subject to the notice under § 310.6, as follows:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "To any person who has submitted an application or abbreviated application, by delivering the notice in person or by sending it by registered or certified mail to the last address shown in the application or abbreviated application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "To any person who has not submitted an application or abbreviated application but who is subject to the notice under § 310.6 of this chapter, by publication of the notice in the Federal Register.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "FDA will not consider data or analyses submitted after 60 days in determining whether a hearing is warranted unless they are derived from well-controlled studies begun before the date of the notice of opportunity for hearing and the results of the studies were not available within 60 days after the date of publication of the notice. Nevertheless, FDA may consider other studies on the basis of a showing by the person requesting a hearing of inadvertent omission and hardship. The person requesting a hearing shall list in the request for hearing all studies in progress, the results of which the person intends later to submit in support of the request for a hearing. The person shall submit under paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section a copy of the complete protocol, a list of the participating investigators, and a brief status report of the studies.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Any other interested person who is not subject to the notice of opportunity for a hearing may also submit comments on the proposal to withdraw approval of the application or abbreviated application. The comments are requested to be submitted within the time and under the conditions specified in this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "The person requesting a hearing is required to submit under paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section the studies (including all protocols and underlying raw data) on which the person relies to justify a hearing with respect to the drug product. Except, a person who requests a hearing on the refusal to approve an application is not required to submit additional studies and analyses if the studies upon which the person relies have been submitted in the application and in the format and containing the summaries required under § 314.50.", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "If the grounds for FDA's proposed action concern the effectiveness of the drug, each request for hearing is required to be supported only by adequate and well-controlled clinical studies meeting all of the precise requirements of § 314.126 and, for combination drug products, § 300.50, or by other studies not meeting those requirements for which a waiver has been previously granted by FDA under § 314.126. Each person requesting a hearing shall submit all adequate and well-controlled clinical studies on the drug product, including any unfavorable analyses, views, or judgments with respect to the studies. No other data, information, or studies may be submitted.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The submission is required to include a factual analysis of all the studies submitted. If the grounds for FDA's proposed action concern the effectiveness of the drug, the analysis is required to specify how each study accords, on a point-by-point basis, with each criterion required for an adequate well-controlled clinical investigation established under § 314.126 and, if the product is a combination drug product, with each of the requirements for a combination drug established in § 300.50, or the study is required to be accompanied by an appropriate waiver previously granted by FDA. If a study concerns a drug or dosage form or condition of use or mode of administration other than the one in question, that fact is required to be clearly stated. Any study conducted on the final marketed form of the drug product is required to be clearly identified.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Each person requesting a hearing shall submit an analysis of the data upon which the person relies, except that the required information relating either to safety or to effectiveness may be omitted if the notice of opportunity for hearing does not raise any issue with respect to that aspect of the drug; information on compliance with § 300.50 may be omitted if the drug product is not a combination drug product. FDA can most efficiently consider submissions made in the following format.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Contentions that a drug product is not subject to the new drug requirements. A notice of opportunity for a hearing encompasses all issues relating to the legal status of each drug product subject to it, including identical, related, and similar drug products as defined in § 310.6. A notice of appearance and request for a hearing under paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section is required to contain any contention that the product is not a new drug because it is generally recognized as safe and effective within the meaning of section 201(p) of the act, or because it is exempt from part or all of the new drug provisions of the act under the exemption for products marketed before June 25, 1938, contained in section 201(p) of the act or under section 107(c) of the Drug Amendments of 1962, or for any other reason. Each contention is required to be supported by a submission under paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section and the Commissioner of Food and Drugs will make an administrative determination o", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "A contention that a drug product is generally recognized as safe and effective within the meaning of section 201(p) of the act is required to be supported by submission of the same quantity and quality of scientific evidence that is required to obtain approval of an application for the product, unless FDA has waived a requirement for effectiveness (under § 314.126) or safety, or both. The submission should be in the format and with the analyses required under paragraph (d) of this section. A person who fails to submit the required scientific evidence required under paragraph (d) waives the contention. General recognition of safety and effectiveness shall ordinarily be based upon published studies which may be corroborated by unpublished studies and other data and information.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "A contention that a drug product is exempt from part or all of the new drug provisions of the act under the exemption for products marketed before June 25, 1938, contained in section 201(p) of the act, or under section 107(c) of the Drug Amendments of 1962, is required to be supported by evidence of past and present quantitative formulas, labeling, and evidence of marketing. A person who makes such a contention should submit the formulas, labeling, and evidence of marketing in the following format.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The Food and Drug Administration will not find a drug product, including any active ingredient, which is identical, related, or similar, as described in § 310.6, to a drug product, including any active ingredient for which an application is or at any time has been effective or deemed approved, or approved under section 505 of the act, to be exempt from part or all of the new drug provisions of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "A contention that a drug product is not a new drug for any other reason is required to be supported by submission of the factual records, data, and information that are necessary and appropriate to support the contention.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "It is the responsibility of every person who manufactures or distributes a drug product in reliance upon a “grandfather” provision of the act to maintain files that contain the data and information necessary fully to document and support that status.", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "Separation of functions. Separation of functions commences upon receipt of a request for hearing. The Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, will prepare an analysis of the request and a proposed order ruling on the matter. The analysis and proposed order, the request for hearing, and any proposed order denying a hearing and response under paragraph (g) (2) or (3) of this section will be submitted to the Office of the Commissioner of Food and Drugs for review and decision. When the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research recommends denial of a hearing on all issues on which a hearing is requested, no representative of the Center will participate or advise in the review and decision by the Commissioner. When the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research recommends that a hearing be granted on one or more issues on which a hearing is requested, separation of functions terminates as to those issues, and representatives of the Center may partic", "source": null}, {"label": "(g)", "text": "Summary judgment. A person who requests a hearing may not rely upon allegations or denials but is required to set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine and substantial issue of fact that requires a hearing with respect to a particular drug product specified in the request for hearing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Where a specific notice of opportunity for hearing (as defined in paragraph (a)(1) of this section) is used, the Commissioner will enter summary judgment against a person who requests a hearing, making findings and conclusions, denying a hearing, if it conclusively appears from the face of the data, information, and factual analyses in the request for the hearing that there is no genuine and substantial issue of fact which precludes the refusal to approve the application or abbreviated application or the withdrawal of approval of the application or abbreviated application; for example, no adequate and well-controlled clinical investigations meeting each of the precise elements of § 314.126 and, for a combination drug product, § 300.50 of this chapter, showing effectiveness have been identified. Any order entering summary judgment is required to set forth the Commissioner's findings and conclusions in detail and is required to specify why each study submitted fails to meet the requireme", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "When following a general notice of opportunity for a hearing (as defined in paragraph (a)(1) of this section) the Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research concludes that summary judgment against a person requesting a hearing should be considered, the Director will serve upon the person requesting a hearing by registered mail a proposed order denying a hearing. This person has 60 days after receipt of the proposed order to respond with sufficient data, information, and analyses to demonstrate that there is a genuine and substantial issue of fact which justifies a hearing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "When following a general or specific notice of opportunity for a hearing a person requesting a hearing submits data or information of a type required by the statute and regulations, and the Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research concludes that summary judgment against the person should be considered, the Director will serve upon the person by registered mail a proposed order denying a hearing. The person has 60 days after receipt of the proposed order to respond with sufficient data, information, and analyses to demonstrate that there is a genuine and substantial issue of fact which justifies a hearing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "If review of the data, information, and analyses submitted show that the grounds cited in the notice are not valid, for example, that substantial evidence of effectiveness exists, the Commissioner will enter summary judgment for the person requesting the hearing, and rescind the notice of opportunity for hearing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "If the Commissioner grants a hearing, it will begin within 90 days after the expiration of the time for requesting the hearing unless the parties otherwise agree in the case of denial of approval, and as soon as practicable in the case of withdrawal of approval.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "The Commissioner will grant a hearing if there exists a genuine and substantial issue of fact or if the Commissioner concludes that a hearing would otherwise be in the public interest.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "If the manufacturer or distributor of an identical, related, or similar drug product requests and is granted a hearing, the hearing may consider whether the product is in fact identical, related, or similar to the drug product named in the notice of opportunity for a hearing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(8)", "text": "A request for a hearing, and any subsequent grant or denial of a hearing, applies only to the drug products named in such documents.", "source": null}, {"label": "(h)", "text": "FDA will issue a notice withdrawing approval and declaring all products unlawful for drug products subject to a notice of opportunity for a hearing, including any identical, related, or similar drug product under § 310.6, for which an opportunity for a hearing is waived or for which a hearing is denied. The Commissioner may defer or stay the action pending a ruling on any related request for a hearing or pending any related hearing or other administrative or judicial proceeding.", "source": null}]	18 U.S.C. 1001	§ 310.6.; § 314.126; § 300.50; § 314.50.; § 314.126.; § 310.6; § 314.200; § 12.35	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985; 50 FR 14212, Apr. 11, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 21238, May 23, 1985; 55 FR 11580, Mar. 29, 1990; 57 FR 17996, Apr. 28, 1992; 59 FR 14364, Mar. 28, 1994]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		30 days; 60 days; 90 days	False	True	within 90 day; 60 days; 90 days; within 30 day; 30 days; within 60 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.200
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart E	Hearing Procedures for New Drugs	314.201	Procedure for hearings.	Parts 10 through 16 apply to hearings relating to new drugs under section 505 (d) and (e) of the act.	regulation						(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.201
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart E	Hearing Procedures for New Drugs	314.235	Judicial review.	(a) The Commissioner of Food and Drugs will certify the transcript and record. In any case in which the Commissioner enters an order without a hearing under § 314.200(g), the record certified by the Commissioner is required to include the requests for hearing together with the data and information submitted and the Commissioner's findings and conclusion. (b) A manufacturer or distributor of an identical, related, or similar drug product under § 310.6 may seek judicial review of an order withdrawing approval of a new drug application, whether or not a hearing has been held, in a United States court of appeals under section 505(h) of the act.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The Commissioner of Food and Drugs will certify the transcript and record. In any case in which the Commissioner enters an order without a hearing under § 314.200(g), the record certified by the Commissioner is required to include the requests for hearing together with the data and information submitted and the Commissioner's findings and conclusion.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "A manufacturer or distributor of an identical, related, or similar drug product under § 310.6 may seek judicial review of an order withdrawing approval of a new drug application, whether or not a hearing has been held, in a United States court of appeals under section 505(h) of the act.", "source": null}]		§ 310.6; § 314.200			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.235
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart F	Administrative Procedures for Antibiotics	314.300	Procedure for the issuance, amendment, or repeal of regulations.	(a) The procedures in part 10 apply to the issuance, amendment, or repeal of regulations under section 507 of the act. (b)(1) The Commissioner of Food and Drugs, on his or her own initiative or on the application or request of any interested person, may publish in the Federal Register a notice of proposed rulemaking and order to issue, amend, or repeal any regulation contemplated by section 507 of the act. The notice and order may be general (that is, simply summarizing in a general way the information resulting in the notice and order) or specific (that is, either referring to specific requirements in the statute and regulations with which there is a lack of compliance, or providing a detailed description and analysis of the specific facts resulting in the notice and order). (2) The Food and Drug Administration will give interested persons an opportunity to submit written comments and to request an informal conference on the proposal, unless the notice and opportunity for comment and informal conference have already been provided in connection with the announcement of the reports of the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council, Drug Efficacy Study Group, to persons who will be adversely affected, or as provided in §§ 10.40(e) and 12.20(c)(2). A person is required to request an informal conference within 30 days of the notice of proposed rulemaking unless otherwise specified in the notice. If an informal conference is requested and granted, those persons participating in the conference may submit comments, within 30 days of the conference, unless otherwise specified in the proposal. (3) It is the responsibility of every manufacturer and distributor of an antibiotic drug product to review every proposal published in the Federal Register to determine whether it covers any drug product that person manufactures or distributes. (4) After considering the written comments, the results of any conference, and the data available, the Commissioner will publish an order in the Federal Register acting on the proposal, with an opportunity for any person who will be adversely affected to file objections, to request a hearing, and to show reasonable grounds for the hearing. Any person who wishes to participate in a hearing, shall file with the Dockets Management Branch (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, rm. 1-23, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857, (i) within 30 days after the date of the publication of the order a written notice of participation and request for a hearing and (ii) within 60 days after the date of publication of the order, unless a different period of time is specified in the order, the studies on which the person relies to justify a hearing as specified in paragraph (b)(6) of this section. The person may incorporate by reference the raw data underlying a study if the data were previously submitted to FDA as part of an application or other report. (5) FDA will not consider data or analysis submitted after 60 days in determining whether a hearing is warranted unless they are derived from well-controlled studies begun before the date of the order and the results of the studies were not available within 60 days after the date of publication of the order. Nevertheless, FDA may consider other studies on the basis of a showing by the person requesting a hearing of inadvertent omission and hardship. The person requesting a hearing shall list in the request for hearing all studies in progress, the results of which the person intends later to submit in support of the request for hearing. The person shall submit under paragraph (b)(4)(ii) of this section a copy of the complete protocol, a list of the participating investigators, and a brief status report of the studies. (6) The person requesting a hearing is required to submit as required under § 314.200(c)(1)(ii) the studies (including all protocols and underlying raw data) on which the person relies to justify a hearing with respect to the drug product. Except, a person who requests a hearing on a proposal is not required to submit additional studies and analyses if the studies upon which the person relies have been submitted in an application and in the format and containing the summaries required under § 314.50. (i) If the grounds for FDA proposed action concern the effectiveness of the drug, each request for hearing is required to be supported only by adequate and well-controlled clinical studies meeting all of the precise requirements of § 314.126 and, for combination drug products, § 300.50, or by other studies not meeting those requirements for which a waiver has been previously granted by FDA under § 314.126. Each person requesting a hearing shall submit all adequate and well-controlled clinical studies on the drug product, any unfavorable analyses, views, or judgments with respect to the studies. No other data, information, or studies may be submitted. (ii) The submission is required to include a factual analysis of all the studies submitted. If the grounds for FDA proposed action concern the effectiveness of the drug, the analysis is required to specify how each study accords, on a point-by-point basis, with each criterion required for an adequate well-controlled clinical investigation established under § 314.126 and, if the product is a combination drug product, with each of the requirements for a combination drug established in § 300.50, or the study is required to be accompanied by an appropriate waiver previously granted by FDA. If a study concerns a drug entity or dosage form or condition of use or mode of administration other than the one in question, that fact is required to be clearly stated. Any study conducted on the final marketed form of the drug product is required to be clearly identified. (iii) Each person requesting a hearing shall submit an analysis of the data upon which the person relies, except that the required information relating either to safety or to effectiveness may be omitted if the notice of opportunity for hearing does not raise any issue with respect to that aspect of the drug; information on compliance with § 300.50 may be omitted if the drug product is not a combination drug product. FDA can most efficiently consider submissions made in the following format. I. Safety data. A. Animal safety data. 1. Individual active components. a. Controlled studies. b. Partially controlled or uncontrolled studies. 2. Combinations of the individual active components. a. Controlled studies. b. Partially controlled or uncontrolled studies. B. Human safety data. 1. Individual active components. a. Controlled studies. b. Partially controlled or uncontrolled studies. c. Documented case reports. d. Pertinent marketing experiences that may influence a determination about the safety of each individual active component. 2. Combinations of the individual active components. a. Controlled studies. b. Partially controlled or uncontrolled studies. c. Documented case reports. d. Pertinent marketing experiences that may influence a determination about the safety of each individual active component. II. Effectiveness data. A. Individual active components: Controlled studies, with an analysis showing clearly how each study satisfies, on a point-by-point basis, each of the criteria required by § 314.126. B. Combinations of individual active components. 1. Controlled studies with an analysis showing clearly how each study satisfies on a point-by-point basis, each of the criteria required by § 314.126. 2. An analysis showing clearly how each requirement of § 300.50 has been satisfied. III. A summary of the data and views setting forth the medical rationale and purpose for the drug and its ingredients and the scientific basis for the conclusion that the drug and its ingredients have been proven safe and/or effective for the intended use. If there is an absence of controlled studies in the material submitted or the requirements of any element of § 300.50 or § 314.126 have not been fully met, that fact is required to be stated clearly and a waiver obtained under § 314.126 is required to be submitted. IV. A statement signed by the person responsible for such submission that it includes in full (or incorporates by reference as permitted in § 314.200(c)(2)) all studies and information specified in § 314.200(d). (Warning: A willfully false statement is a criminal offense, 18 U.S.C. 1001.) (7) Separation of functions. Separation of functions commences upon receipt of a request for hearing. The Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research will prepare an analysis of the request and a proposed order ruling on the matter. The analysis and proposed order, the request for hearing, and any proposed order denying a hearing and response under paragraph (b)(8) (ii) or (iii) of this section will be submitted to the Office of the Commissioner for review and decision. When the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research recommends denial of a hearing on all issues on which a hearing is requested, no representative of the Center will participate or advise in the review and decision by the Commissioner. When the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research recommends that a hearing be granted on one or more issues on which a hearing is requested, separation of functions terminates as to those issues, and representatives of the Center may participate or advise in the review and decision by the Commissioner on those issues. The Commissioner may modify the text of the issues, but may not deny a hearing on those issues. Separation of functions continues with respect to issues on which the Center for Drug Evaluatioon and Research has recommended denial of a hearing. The Commissioner will neither evaluate nor rule on the Center's recommendation on such issues and such issues will not be included in the notice of hearing. Participants in the hearing may make a motion to the presiding officer for the inclusion of any such issue in the hearing. The ruling on such a motion is subject to review in accordance with § 12.35(b). Failure to so move constitutes a waiver of the right to a hearing on such an issue. Separation of functions on all issues resumes upon issuance of a notice of hearing. The Office of the General Counsel, Department of Health and Human Services, will observe the same separation of functions. (8) Summary judgment. A person who requests a hearing may not rely upon allegations or denials but is required to set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine and substantial issue of fact that requires a hearing with respect to a particular drug product specified in the request for hearing. (i) Where a specific notice of opportunity for hearing (as defined in paragraph (b)(1) of this section) is used, the Commissioner will enter summary judgment against a person who requests a hearing, making findings and conclusions, denying a hearing, if it conclusively appears from the face of the data, information, and factual analyses in the request for the hearing that there is no genuine and substantial issue of fact which precludes the refusal to approve the application or the withdrawal of approval of the application; for example, no adequate and well-controlled clinical investigations meeting each of the precise elements of § 314.126 and, for a combination drug product, § 300.50, showing effectiveness have been identified. Any order entering summary judgment is required to set forth the Commissioner's findings and conclusions in detail and is required to specify why each study submitted fails to meet the requirements of the statute and regulations or why the request for hearing does not raise a genuine and substantial issue of fact. (ii) When following a general notice of opportunity for a hearing (as defined in paragraph (b)(1) of this section) the Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research concludes that summary judgment against a person requesting a hearing should be considered, the Director will serve upon the person requesting a hearing by registered mail a proposed order denying a hearing. This person has 60 days after receipt of the proposed order to respond with sufficient data, information, and analyses to demonstrate that there is a genuine and substantial issue of fact which justifies a hearing. (iii) When following a general or specific notice of opportunity for a hearing a person requesting a hearing submits data or information of a type required by the statute and regulations, and the Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research concludes that summary judgment against the person should be considered, the Director will serve upon the person by registered mail a proposed order denying a hearing. The person has 60 days after receipt of the proposed order to respond with sufficient data, information, and analyses to demonstrate that there is a genuine and substantial issue of fact which justifies a hearing. (iv) If review of the data, information, and analyses submitted show that the basis for the order is not valid, for example, that substantial evidence of effectiveness exists, the Commissioner will enter summary judgment for the person requesting the hearing, and revoke the order. If a hearing is not requested, the order will become effective as published. (v) If the Commissioner grants a hearing, it will be conducted under part 12. (vi) The Commissioner will grant a hearing if there exists a genuine and substantial issue of fact or if the Commissioner concludes that a hearing would otherwise be in the public interest. (9) The repeal of any regulation constitutes a revocation of all outstanding certificates based upon such regulation. However, the Commissioner may, in his or her discretion, defer or stay such action pending a ruling on any related request for a hearing or pending any related hearing or other administrative or judicial proceeding. (c) Whenever any interested person submits an application or request under section 507 of the act and part 314 and FDA sends the person an approvable letter under § 314.110 or a not approvable letter under § 314.120, the person may file a petition proposing the issuance, amendment, or repeal of the regulation under the provisions of section 507(f) of the act and part 10. The Commissioner shall cause the regulation proposed in the petition to be published in the Federal Register within 60 days of the receipt of an acceptable petition and further proceedings shall be in accord with the provisions of sections 507(f) and 701 (f) and (g) of the act and part 10. (d) (1) FDA will not promulgate a regulation providing for the certification of any batch of any drug composed wholly or in part of any kind of penicillin, streptomycin, chlortetracycline, chloramphenicol, bacitracin, or any other antibiotic drug, or any derivative thereof, intended for human use and no existing regulation will be continued in effect unless it is established by substantial evidence that the drug will have such characteristics of identity, strength, quality, and purity necessary to adequately ensure safety and efficacy of use. “Substantial evidence” has been defined by Congress to mean “evidence consisting of adequate and well-controlled investigations, including clinical investigations, by experts qualified by scientific training and experience to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug involved, on the basis of which it could fairly and responsibly be concluded by such experts that the drug will have the effect it purports or is represented to have under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in the labeling or proposed labeling thereof.” This definition is made applicable to a number of antibiotic drugs by section 507(h) of the act and it is the test of efficacy that FDA will apply in promulgating, amending, or repealing regulations for all antibiotics under section 507(a) of the act as well. (2) The scientific essentials of an adequate and well-controlled clinical investigation are described in § 314.126. (Collection of information requirements approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0910-0001)	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The procedures in part 10 apply to the issuance, amendment, or repeal of regulations under section 507 of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The Food and Drug Administration will give interested persons an opportunity to submit written comments and to request an informal conference on the proposal, unless the notice and opportunity for comment and informal conference have already been provided in connection with the announcement of the reports of the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council, Drug Efficacy Study Group, to persons who will be adversely affected, or as provided in §§ 10.40(e) and 12.20(c)(2). A person is required to request an informal conference within 30 days of the notice of proposed rulemaking unless otherwise specified in the notice. If an informal conference is requested and granted, those persons participating in the conference may submit comments, within 30 days of the conference, unless otherwise specified in the proposal.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "It is the responsibility of every manufacturer and distributor of an antibiotic drug product to review every proposal published in the Federal Register to determine whether it covers any drug product that person manufactures or distributes.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "After considering the written comments, the results of any conference, and the data available, the Commissioner will publish an order in the Federal Register acting on the proposal, with an opportunity for any person who will be adversely affected to file objections, to request a hearing, and to show reasonable grounds for the hearing. Any person who wishes to participate in a hearing, shall file with the Dockets Management Branch (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, rm. 1-23, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857, (i) within 30 days after the date of the publication of the order a written notice of participation and request for a hearing and (ii) within 60 days after the date of publication of the order, unless a different period of time is specified in the order, the studies on which the person relies to justify a hearing as specified in paragraph (b)(6) of this section. The person may incorporate by reference the raw data underlying a study if the data were previously submitte", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "FDA will not consider data or analysis submitted after 60 days in determining whether a hearing is warranted unless they are derived from well-controlled studies begun before the date of the order and the results of the studies were not available within 60 days after the date of publication of the order. Nevertheless, FDA may consider other studies on the basis of a showing by the person requesting a hearing of inadvertent omission and hardship. The person requesting a hearing shall list in the request for hearing all studies in progress, the results of which the person intends later to submit in support of the request for hearing. The person shall submit under paragraph (b)(4)(ii) of this section a copy of the complete protocol, a list of the participating investigators, and a brief status report of the studies.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "The person requesting a hearing is required to submit as required under § 314.200(c)(1)(ii) the studies (including all protocols and underlying raw data) on which the person relies to justify a hearing with respect to the drug product. Except, a person who requests a hearing on a proposal is not required to submit additional studies and analyses if the studies upon which the person relies have been submitted in an application and in the format and containing the summaries required under § 314.50.", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "If the grounds for FDA proposed action concern the effectiveness of the drug, each request for hearing is required to be supported only by adequate and well-controlled clinical studies meeting all of the precise requirements of § 314.126 and, for combination drug products, § 300.50, or by other studies not meeting those requirements for which a waiver has been previously granted by FDA under § 314.126. Each person requesting a hearing shall submit all adequate and well-controlled clinical studies on the drug product, any unfavorable analyses, views, or judgments with respect to the studies. No other data, information, or studies may be submitted.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "The submission is required to include a factual analysis of all the studies submitted. If the grounds for FDA proposed action concern the effectiveness of the drug, the analysis is required to specify how each study accords, on a point-by-point basis, with each criterion required for an adequate well-controlled clinical investigation established under § 314.126 and, if the product is a combination drug product, with each of the requirements for a combination drug established in § 300.50, or the study is required to be accompanied by an appropriate waiver previously granted by FDA. If a study concerns a drug entity or dosage form or condition of use or mode of administration other than the one in question, that fact is required to be clearly stated. Any study conducted on the final marketed form of the drug product is required to be clearly identified.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Each person requesting a hearing shall submit an analysis of the data upon which the person relies, except that the required information relating either to safety or to effectiveness may be omitted if the notice of opportunity for hearing does not raise any issue with respect to that aspect of the drug; information on compliance with § 300.50 may be omitted if the drug product is not a combination drug product. FDA can most efficiently consider submissions made in the following format.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "Separation of functions. Separation of functions commences upon receipt of a request for hearing. The Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research will prepare an analysis of the request and a proposed order ruling on the matter. The analysis and proposed order, the request for hearing, and any proposed order denying a hearing and response under paragraph (b)(8) (ii) or (iii) of this section will be submitted to the Office of the Commissioner for review and decision. When the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research recommends denial of a hearing on all issues on which a hearing is requested, no representative of the Center will participate or advise in the review and decision by the Commissioner. When the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research recommends that a hearing be granted on one or more issues on which a hearing is requested, separation of functions terminates as to those issues, and representatives of the Center may participate or advise in the review and decision ", "source": null}, {"label": "(8)", "text": "Summary judgment. A person who requests a hearing may not rely upon allegations or denials but is required to set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine and substantial issue of fact that requires a hearing with respect to a particular drug product specified in the request for hearing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Where a specific notice of opportunity for hearing (as defined in paragraph (b)(1) of this section) is used, the Commissioner will enter summary judgment against a person who requests a hearing, making findings and conclusions, denying a hearing, if it conclusively appears from the face of the data, information, and factual analyses in the request for the hearing that there is no genuine and substantial issue of fact which precludes the refusal to approve the application or the withdrawal of approval of the application; for example, no adequate and well-controlled clinical investigations meeting each of the precise elements of § 314.126 and, for a combination drug product, § 300.50, showing effectiveness have been identified. Any order entering summary judgment is required to set forth the Commissioner's findings and conclusions in detail and is required to specify why each study submitted fails to meet the requirements of the statute and regulations or why the request for hearing does", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "When following a general notice of opportunity for a hearing (as defined in paragraph (b)(1) of this section) the Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research concludes that summary judgment against a person requesting a hearing should be considered, the Director will serve upon the person requesting a hearing by registered mail a proposed order denying a hearing. This person has 60 days after receipt of the proposed order to respond with sufficient data, information, and analyses to demonstrate that there is a genuine and substantial issue of fact which justifies a hearing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "When following a general or specific notice of opportunity for a hearing a person requesting a hearing submits data or information of a type required by the statute and regulations, and the Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research concludes that summary judgment against the person should be considered, the Director will serve upon the person by registered mail a proposed order denying a hearing. The person has 60 days after receipt of the proposed order to respond with sufficient data, information, and analyses to demonstrate that there is a genuine and substantial issue of fact which justifies a hearing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "If review of the data, information, and analyses submitted show that the basis for the order is not valid, for example, that substantial evidence of effectiveness exists, the Commissioner will enter summary judgment for the person requesting the hearing, and revoke the order. If a hearing is not requested, the order will become effective as published.", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "If the Commissioner grants a hearing, it will be conducted under part 12.", "source": null}, {"label": "(vi)", "text": "The Commissioner will grant a hearing if there exists a genuine and substantial issue of fact or if the Commissioner concludes that a hearing would otherwise be in the public interest.", "source": null}, {"label": "(9)", "text": "The repeal of any regulation constitutes a revocation of all outstanding certificates based upon such regulation. However, the Commissioner may, in his or her discretion, defer or stay such action pending a ruling on any related request for a hearing or pending any related hearing or other administrative or judicial proceeding.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Whenever any interested person submits an application or request under section 507 of the act and part 314 and FDA sends the person an approvable letter under § 314.110 or a not approvable letter under § 314.120, the person may file a petition proposing the issuance, amendment, or repeal of the regulation under the provisions of section 507(f) of the act and part 10. The Commissioner shall cause the regulation proposed in the petition to be published in the Federal Register within 60 days of the receipt of an acceptable petition and further proceedings shall be in accord with the provisions of sections 507(f) and 701 (f) and (g) of the act and part 10.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "(1) FDA will not promulgate a regulation providing for the certification of any batch of any drug composed wholly or in part of any kind of penicillin, streptomycin, chlortetracycline, chloramphenicol, bacitracin, or any other antibiotic drug, or any derivative thereof, intended for human use and no existing regulation will be continued in effect unless it is established by substantial evidence that the drug will have such characteristics of identity, strength, quality, and purity necessary to adequately ensure safety and efficacy of use. “Substantial evidence” has been defined by Congress to mean “evidence consisting of adequate and well-controlled investigations, including clinical investigations, by experts qualified by scientific training and experience to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug involved, on the basis of which it could fairly and responsibly be concluded by such experts that the drug will have the effect it purports or is represented to have under the conditions pre", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The scientific essentials of an adequate and well-controlled clinical investigation are described in § 314.126.", "source": null}]	18 U.S.C. 1001	§ 314.110; § 314.126; § 300.50; § 314.50.; § 314.126.; § 10.40; § 314.120; § 314.200; § 12.35	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985; 50 FR 14212, Apr. 11, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 21238, May 23, 1985; 55 FR 11580, Mar. 29, 1990; 59 FR 14365, Mar. 28, 1994]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		30 days; 60 days	False	True	60 days; 30 days; within 60 day; within 30 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.300
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart G	Miscellaneous Provisions	314.410	Imports and exports of new drugs and antibiotics.	(a) Imports. (1) A new drug or an antibiotic may be imported into the United States if: (i) It is the subject of an approved application under this part or, in the case of an antibiotic not exempt from certification under part 433, it is also certified or released; or (ii) it complies with the regulations pertaining to investigational new drugs under part 312; and it complies with the general regulations pertaining to imports under subpart E of part 1. (2) A drug substance intended for use in the manufacture, processing, or repacking of a new drug may be imported into the United States if it complies with the labeling exemption in § 201.122 pertaining to shipments of drug substances in domestic commerce. (b) Exports. (1) A new drug or an antibiotic may be exported if it is the subject of an approved application under this part, and, in the case of an antibiotic, it is certified or released, or it complies with the regulations pertaining to investigational new drugs under part 312. (2) A new drug substance that is covered by an application approved under this part for use in the manufacture of an approved drug product may be exported by the applicant or any person listed as a supplier in the approved application, provided the drug substance intended for export meets the specifications of, and is shipped with a copy of the labeling required for, the approved drug product. (3) An antibiotic drug product or drug substance that is subject to certification under section 507 of the act, but which has not been certified or released, may be exported under section 801(e) of the act if it meets the following conditions: (i) It meets the specifications of the foreign purchaser; (ii) It is not in conflict with the laws of the country to which it is intended for export; (iii) It is labeled on the outside of the shipping package that it is intended for export; and (iv) It is not sold or offered for sale in the United States.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Imports. (1) A new drug or an antibiotic may be imported into the United States if: (i) It is the subject of an approved application under this part or, in the case of an antibiotic not exempt from certification under part 433, it is also certified or released; or (ii) it complies with the regulations pertaining to investigational new drugs under part 312; and it complies with the general regulations pertaining to imports under subpart E of part 1.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "A drug substance intended for use in the manufacture, processing, or repacking of a new drug may be imported into the United States if it complies with the labeling exemption in § 201.122 pertaining to shipments of drug substances in domestic commerce.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Exports. (1) A new drug or an antibiotic may be exported if it is the subject of an approved application under this part, and, in the case of an antibiotic, it is certified or released, or it complies with the regulations pertaining to investigational new drugs under part 312.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "A new drug substance that is covered by an application approved under this part for use in the manufacture of an approved drug product may be exported by the applicant or any person listed as a supplier in the approved application, provided the drug substance intended for export meets the specifications of, and is shipped with a copy of the labeling required for, the approved drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "An antibiotic drug product or drug substance that is subject to certification under section 507 of the act, but which has not been certified or released, may be exported under section 801(e) of the act if it meets the following conditions:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "It meets the specifications of the foreign purchaser;", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "It is not in conflict with the laws of the country to which it is intended for export;", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "It is labeled on the outside of the shipping package that it is intended for export; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "It is not sold or offered for sale in the United States.", "source": null}]		§ 201.122			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.410
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart G	Miscellaneous Provisions	314.420	Drug master files.	(a) A drug master file is a submission of information to the Food and Drug Administration by a person (the drug master file holder) who intends it to be used for one of the following purposes: To permit the holder to incorporate the information by reference when the holder submits an investigational new drug application under part 312 or submits an application or an abbreviated application or an amendment or supplement to them under this part, or to permit the holder to authorize other persons to rely on the information to support a submission to FDA without the holder having to disclose the information to the person. FDA ordinarily neither independently reviews drug master files nor approves or disapproves submissions to a drug master file. Instead, the agency customarily reviews the information only in the context of an application under part 312 or this part. A drug master file may contain information of the kind required for any submission to the agency, including information about the following: (1) Manufacturing site, facilities, operating procedures, and personnel (because an FDA on-site inspection of a foreign drug manufacturing facility presents unique problems of planning and travel not presented by an inspection of a domestic manufacturing facility, this information is only recommended for foreign manufacturing establishments); (2) Drug substance, drug substance intermediate, and materials used in their preparation, or drug product; (3) Packaging materials; (4) Excipient, colorant, flavor, essence, or materials used in their preparation; (5) FDA-accepted reference information. (A person wishing to submit information and supporting data in a drug master file (DMF) that is not covered by Types I through IV DMF's must first submit a letter of intent to the Drug Master File Staff, Food and Drug Administration, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rm. 2-14, Rockville, MD 20852. FDA will then contact the person to discuss the proposed submission.) (b) An investigational new drug application or an application, abbreviated application, amendment, or supplement may incorporate by reference all or part of the contents of any drug master file in support of the submission if the holder authorizes the incorporation in writing. Each incorporation by reference is required to describe the incorporated material by name, reference number, volume, and page number of the drug master file. (c) A drug master file is required to be submitted in two copies. The agency has prepared under § 10.90(b) a guideline that provides information about how to prepare a well-organized drug master file. If the drug master file holder adds, changes, or deletes any information in the file, the holder shall notify in writing, each person authorized to reference that information. Any addition, change, or deletion of information in a drug master file (except the list required under paragraph (d) of this section) is required to be submitted in two copies and to describe by name, reference number, volume, and page number the information affected in the drug master file. (d) The drug master file is required to contain a complete list of each person currently authorized to incorporate by reference any information in the file, identifying by name, reference number, volume, and page number the information that each person is authorized to incorporate. If the holder restricts the authorization to particular drug products, the list is required to include the name of each drug product and the application number, if known, to which the authorization applies. (e) The public availability of data and information in a drug master file, including the availability of data and information in the file to a person authorized to reference the file, is determined under part 20 and § 314.430. (Collection of information requirements approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0910-0001)	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "A drug master file is a submission of information to the Food and Drug Administration by a person (the drug master file holder) who intends it to be used for one of the following purposes: To permit the holder to incorporate the information by reference when the holder submits an investigational new drug application under part 312 or submits an application or an abbreviated application or an amendment or supplement to them under this part, or to permit the holder to authorize other persons to rely on the information to support a submission to FDA without the holder having to disclose the information to the person. FDA ordinarily neither independently reviews drug master files nor approves or disapproves submissions to a drug master file. Instead, the agency customarily reviews the information only in the context of an application under part 312 or this part. A drug master file may contain information of the kind required for any submission to the agency, including information about the", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Manufacturing site, facilities, operating procedures, and personnel (because an FDA on-site inspection of a foreign drug manufacturing facility presents unique problems of planning and travel not presented by an inspection of a domestic manufacturing facility, this information is only recommended for foreign manufacturing establishments);", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Drug substance, drug substance intermediate, and materials used in their preparation, or drug product;", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Packaging materials;", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Excipient, colorant, flavor, essence, or materials used in their preparation;", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "FDA-accepted reference information. (A person wishing to submit information and supporting data in a drug master file (DMF) that is not covered by Types I through IV DMF's must first submit a letter of intent to the Drug Master File Staff, Food and Drug Administration, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rm. 2-14, Rockville, MD 20852. FDA will then contact the person to discuss the proposed submission.)", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "An investigational new drug application or an application, abbreviated application, amendment, or supplement may incorporate by reference all or part of the contents of any drug master file in support of the submission if the holder authorizes the incorporation in writing. Each incorporation by reference is required to describe the incorporated material by name, reference number, volume, and page number of the drug master file.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "A drug master file is required to be submitted in two copies. The agency has prepared under § 10.90(b) a guideline that provides information about how to prepare a well-organized drug master file. If the drug master file holder adds, changes, or deletes any information in the file, the holder shall notify in writing, each person authorized to reference that information. Any addition, change, or deletion of information in a drug master file (except the list required under paragraph (d) of this section) is required to be submitted in two copies and to describe by name, reference number, volume, and page number the information affected in the drug master file.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "The drug master file is required to contain a complete list of each person currently authorized to incorporate by reference any information in the file, identifying by name, reference number, volume, and page number the information that each person is authorized to incorporate. If the holder restricts the authorization to particular drug products, the list is required to include the name of each drug product and the application number, if known, to which the authorization applies.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "The public availability of data and information in a drug master file, including the availability of data and information in the file to a person authorized to reference the file, is determined under part 20 and § 314.430.", "source": null}]		§ 314.430.; § 10.90	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 21238, May 23, 1985; 53 FR 33122, Aug. 30, 1988; 55 FR 28380, July 11, 1990]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.420
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart G	Miscellaneous Provisions	314.430	Availability for public disclosure of data and information in an application or abbreviated application.	(a) The Food and Drug Administration will determine the public availability of any part of an application or abbreviated application under this section and part 20 of this chapter. For purposes of this section, the application or abbreviated application includes all data and information submitted with or incorporated by reference in the application or abbreviated application, including investigational new drug applications, drug master files under § 314.420, supplements submitted under § 314.70 or § 314.97, reports under § 314.80 or § 314.98, and other submissions. For purposes of this section, safety and effectiveness data include all studies and tests of a drug on animals and humans and all studies and tests of the drug for identity, stability, purity, potency, and bioavailability. (b) FDA will not publicly disclose the existence of an application or abbreviated application before an approvable letter is sent to the applicant under § 314.110, unless the existence of the application or abbreviated application has been previously publicly disclosed or acknowledged. The Center for Drug Evaluation and Research will maintain and make available for public disclosure a list of applications or abbreviated applications for which the agency has sent an approvable letter to the applicant. (c) If the existence of an unapproved application or abbreviated application has not been publicly disclosed or acknowledged, no data or information in the application or abbreviated application is available for public disclosure. (d) If the existence of an application or abbreviated application has been publicly disclosed or acknowledged before the agency sends an approval letter to the applicant, no data or information contained in the application or abbreviated application is available for public disclosure before the agency sends an approval letter, but the Commissioner may, in his or her discretion, disclose a summary of selected portions of the safety and effectiveness data that are appropriate for public consideration of a specific pending issue; for example, for consideration of an open session of an FDA advisory committee. (e) After FDA sends an approval letter to the applicant, the following data and information in the application or abbreviated application are immediately available for public disclosure, unless the applicant shows that extraordinary circumstances exist. A list of approved applications and abbreviated applications, entitled “Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations,” is available from the Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. This list is updated monthly. (1) [Reserved] (2) If the application applies to a new drug, all safety and effectiveness data previously disclosed to the public as set forth in § 20.81 and a summary or summaries of the safety and effectiveness data and information submitted with or incorporated by reference in the application. The summaries do not constitute the full reports of investigations under section 505(b)(1) of the act (21 U.S.C. 355(b)(1)) on which the safety or effectiveness of the drug may be approved. The summaries consist of the following: (i) For an application approved before July 1, 1975, internal agency records that describe safety and effectiveness data and information, for example, a summary of the basis for approval or internal reviews of the data and information, after deletion of the following: (a) Names and any information that would identify patients or test subjects or investigators. (b) Any inappropriate gratuitous comments unnecessary to an objective analysis of the data and information. (ii) For an application approved on or after July 1, 1975, a Summary Basis of Approval (SBA) document that contains a summary of the safety and effectiveness data and information evaluated by FDA during the drug approval process. The SBA is prepared in one of the following ways: (a) Before approval of the application, the applicant may prepare a draft SBA which the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research will review and may revise. The draft may be submitted with the application or as an amendment. (b) The Center for Drug Evaluation and Research may prepare the SBA. (3) A protocol for a test or study, unless it is shown to fall within the exemption established for trade secrets and confidential commercial information in § 20.61. (4) Adverse reaction reports, product experience reports, consumer complaints, and other similar data and information after deletion of the following: (i) Names and any information that would identify the person using the product. (ii) Names and any information that would identify any third party involved with the report, such as a physician or hospital or other institution. (5) A list of all active ingredients and any inactive ingredients previously disclosed to the public as set forth in § 20.81. (6) An assay method or other analytical method, unless it serves no regulatory or compliance purpose and is shown to fall within the exemption established for trade secrets and confidential commercial information in § 20.61. (7) All correspondence and written summaries of oral discussions between FDA and the applicant relating to the application, under the provisions of Part 20. (8) All records showing the testing of an action on a particular lot of a certifiable antibiotic by FDA. (f) All safety and effectiveness data and information which have been submitted in an application and which have not previously been disclosed to the public are available to the public, upon request, at the time any one of the following events occurs unless extraordinary circumstances are shown: (1) No work is being or will be undertaken to have the application approved. (2) A final determination is made that the application is not approvable and all legal appeals have been exhausted. (3) Approval of the application is withdrawn and all legal appeals have been exhausted. (4) A final determination has been made that the drug is not a new drug. (5) For applications submitted under section 505(b) of the act, the effective date of the approval of the first abbreviated application submitted under section 505(j) of the act which refers to such drug, or the date on which the approval of an abbreviated application under section 505(j) of the act which refers to such drug could be made effective if such an abbreviated application had been submitted. (6) For applications or abbreviated applications submitted under sections 505(j), 506, and 507 of the act, when FDA sends an approval letter to the applicant. (g) The following data and information in an application or abbreviated application are not available for public disclosure unless they have been previously disclosed to the public as set forth in § 20.81 of this chapter or they relate to a product or ingredient that has been abandoned and they do not represent a trade secret or confidential commercial or financial information under § 20.61 of this chapter: (1) Manufacturing methods or processes, including quality control procedures. (2) Production, sales distribution, and similar data and information, except that any compilation of that data and information aggregated and prepared in a way that does not reveal data or information which is not available for public disclosure under this provision is available for public disclosure. (3) Quantitative or semiquantitative formulas. (h) The compilations of information specified in § 20.117 are available for public disclosure.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The Food and Drug Administration will determine the public availability of any part of an application or abbreviated application under this section and part 20 of this chapter. For purposes of this section, the application or abbreviated application includes all data and information submitted with or incorporated by reference in the application or abbreviated application, including investigational new drug applications, drug master files under § 314.420, supplements submitted under § 314.70 or § 314.97, reports under § 314.80 or § 314.98, and other submissions. For purposes of this section, safety and effectiveness data include all studies and tests of a drug on animals and humans and all studies and tests of the drug for identity, stability, purity, potency, and bioavailability.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "FDA will not publicly disclose the existence of an application or abbreviated application before an approvable letter is sent to the applicant under § 314.110, unless the existence of the application or abbreviated application has been previously publicly disclosed or acknowledged. The Center for Drug Evaluation and Research will maintain and make available for public disclosure a list of applications or abbreviated applications for which the agency has sent an approvable letter to the applicant.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "If the existence of an unapproved application or abbreviated application has not been publicly disclosed or acknowledged, no data or information in the application or abbreviated application is available for public disclosure.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "If the existence of an application or abbreviated application has been publicly disclosed or acknowledged before the agency sends an approval letter to the applicant, no data or information contained in the application or abbreviated application is available for public disclosure before the agency sends an approval letter, but the Commissioner may, in his or her discretion, disclose a summary of selected portions of the safety and effectiveness data that are appropriate for public consideration of a specific pending issue; for example, for consideration of an open session of an FDA advisory committee.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "After FDA sends an approval letter to the applicant, the following data and information in the application or abbreviated application are immediately available for public disclosure, unless the applicant shows that extraordinary circumstances exist. A list of approved applications and abbreviated applications, entitled “Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations,” is available from the Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. This list is updated monthly.", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "[Reserved]", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "If the application applies to a new drug, all safety and effectiveness data previously disclosed to the public as set forth in § 20.81 and a summary or summaries of the safety and effectiveness data and information submitted with or incorporated by reference in the application. The summaries do not constitute the full reports of investigations under section 505(b)(1) of the act (21 U.S.C. 355(b)(1)) on which the safety or effectiveness of the drug may be approved. The summaries consist of the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "For an application approved before July 1, 1975, internal agency records that describe safety and effectiveness data and information, for example, a summary of the basis for approval or internal reviews of the data and information, after deletion of the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(a)", "text": "Names and any information that would identify patients or test subjects or investigators.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Any inappropriate gratuitous comments unnecessary to an objective analysis of the data and information.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "For an application approved on or after July 1, 1975, a Summary Basis of Approval (SBA) document that contains a summary of the safety and effectiveness data and information evaluated by FDA during the drug approval process. The SBA is prepared in one of the following ways:", "source": null}, {"label": "(a)", "text": "Before approval of the application, the applicant may prepare a draft SBA which the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research will review and may revise. The draft may be submitted with the application or as an amendment.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The Center for Drug Evaluation and Research may prepare the SBA.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "A protocol for a test or study, unless it is shown to fall within the exemption established for trade secrets and confidential commercial information in § 20.61.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Adverse reaction reports, product experience reports, consumer complaints, and other similar data and information after deletion of the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Names and any information that would identify the person using the product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Names and any information that would identify any third party involved with the report, such as a physician or hospital or other institution.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "A list of all active ingredients and any inactive ingredients previously disclosed to the public as set forth in § 20.81.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "An assay method or other analytical method, unless it serves no regulatory or compliance purpose and is shown to fall within the exemption established for trade secrets and confidential commercial information in § 20.61.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "All correspondence and written summaries of oral discussions between FDA and the applicant relating to the application, under the provisions of Part 20.", "source": null}, {"label": "(8)", "text": "All records showing the testing of an action on a particular lot of a certifiable antibiotic by FDA.", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "All safety and effectiveness data and information which have been submitted in an application and which have not previously been disclosed to the public are available to the public, upon request, at the time any one of the following events occurs unless extraordinary circumstances are shown:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "No work is being or will be undertaken to have the application approved.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "A final determination is made that the application is not approvable and all legal appeals have been exhausted.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Approval of the application is withdrawn and all legal appeals have been exhausted.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "A final determination has been made that the drug is not a new drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "For applications submitted under section 505(b) of the act, the effective date of the approval of the first abbreviated application submitted under section 505(j) of the act which refers to such drug, or the date on which the approval of an abbreviated application under section 505(j) of the act which refers to such drug could be made effective if such an abbreviated application had been submitted.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "For applications or abbreviated applications submitted under sections 505(j), 506, and 507 of the act, when FDA sends an approval letter to the applicant.", "source": null}, {"label": "(g)", "text": "The following data and information in an application or abbreviated application are not available for public disclosure unless they have been previously disclosed to the public as set forth in § 20.81 of this chapter or they relate to a product or ingredient that has been abandoned and they do not represent a trade secret or confidential commercial or financial information under § 20.61 of this chapter:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Manufacturing methods or processes, including quality control procedures.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Production, sales distribution, and similar data and information, except that any compilation of that data and information aggregated and prepared in a way that does not reveal data or information which is not available for public disclosure under this provision is available for public disclosure.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Quantitative or semiquantitative formulas.", "source": null}, {"label": "(h)", "text": "The compilations of information specified in § 20.117 are available for public disclosure.", "source": null}]	21 U.S.C. 355(b)	§ 20.81; § 314.97; § 314.98; § 314.420; § 314.110; § 20.117; § 20.81.; § 20.61.; § 314.70; § 314.80; § 20.61	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 21238, May 23, 1985; 55 FR 11580, Mar. 29, 1990; 57 FR 17996, Apr. 28, 1992]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.430
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart G	Miscellaneous Provisions	314.440	Addresses for applications and abbreviated applications.	(a) Applicants shall send applications, abbreviated applications, and other correspondence relating to matters covered by this part, except for products listed in paragraph (b) of this section, to the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, and directed to the appropriate office identified below: (1) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(4) of this section, an application under § 314.50 or § 314.54 submitted for filing should be directed to the Document and Records Section, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20852. Applicants may obtain folders for binding applications from the Consolidated Forms and Publications Distribution Center, Washington Commerce Center, 3222 Hubbard Rd., Landover, MD 20785. After FDA has filed the application, the agency will inform the applicant which division is responsible for the application. Amendments, supplements, resubmissions, requests for waivers, and other correspondence about an application that has been filed should be directed to the appropriate division. (2) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(4) of this section, an abbreviated application under § 314.94, and amendments, supplements, and resubmissions should be directed to the Office of Generic Drugs (HFD-600), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. Items sent by parcel post or overnight courier service should be directed to the Office of Generic Drugs (HFD-600), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Metro Park North II, 7500 Standish Place, rm. 150, Rockville, MD 20855. Correspondence not associated with an application should be addressed specifically to the intended office or division and to the person as follows: Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Attn: [insert name of person], MPN II, HFD-[insert mail code of office or division], 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. The mail code for the Office of Generic Drugs is HFD-600, the mail code for the Division of Chemistry is HFD-630, and the mail code for the Division of Bioequivalence is HFD-650. (3) A request for an opportunity for a hearing under § 314.110 or § 314.120 on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of an application, except an application under paragraph (b) of this section, should be directed to the Division of Regulatory Affairs (HFD-360). (4) The field copy of an application, an abbreviated application, amendments, supplements, resubmissions, requests for waivers, and other correspondence about an application and an abbreviated application shall be sent to the applicant's home FDA district office, except that a foreign applicant shall send the field copy to the appropriate address identified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section. (b) Applicants shall send applications and other correspondence relating to matters covered by this part for the drug products listed below to the Division of Product Certification (HFB-240), Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 8800 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, except applicants shall send a request for an opportunity for a hearing under § 314.110 or § 314.120 on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of an application to the Director, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (HFB-1), at the same address. (1) Ingredients packaged together with containers intended for the collection, processing, or storage of blood and blood components. (2) Urokinase products. (3) Plasma volume expanders and hydroxyethyl starch for leukapheresis.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Applicants shall send applications, abbreviated applications, and other correspondence relating to matters covered by this part, except for products listed in paragraph (b) of this section, to the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, and directed to the appropriate office identified below:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Except as provided in paragraph (a)(4) of this section, an application under § 314.50 or § 314.54 submitted for filing should be directed to the Document and Records Section, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20852. Applicants may obtain folders for binding applications from the Consolidated Forms and Publications Distribution Center, Washington Commerce Center, 3222 Hubbard Rd., Landover, MD 20785. After FDA has filed the application, the agency will inform the applicant which division is responsible for the application. Amendments, supplements, resubmissions, requests for waivers, and other correspondence about an application that has been filed should be directed to the appropriate division.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Except as provided in paragraph (a)(4) of this section, an abbreviated application under § 314.94, and amendments, supplements, and resubmissions should be directed to the Office of Generic Drugs (HFD-600), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. Items sent by parcel post or overnight courier service should be directed to the Office of Generic Drugs (HFD-600), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Metro Park North II, 7500 Standish Place, rm. 150, Rockville, MD 20855. Correspondence not associated with an application should be addressed specifically to the intended office or division and to the person as follows: Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Attn: [insert name of person], MPN II, HFD-[insert mail code of office or division], 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. The mail code for the Office of Generic Drugs is HFD-600, the mail code for the", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "A request for an opportunity for a hearing under § 314.110 or § 314.120 on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of an application, except an application under paragraph (b) of this section, should be directed to the Division of Regulatory Affairs (HFD-360).", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The field copy of an application, an abbreviated application, amendments, supplements, resubmissions, requests for waivers, and other correspondence about an application and an abbreviated application shall be sent to the applicant's home FDA district office, except that a foreign applicant shall send the field copy to the appropriate address identified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Applicants shall send applications and other correspondence relating to matters covered by this part for the drug products listed below to the Division of Product Certification (HFB-240), Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 8800 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, except applicants shall send a request for an opportunity for a hearing under § 314.110 or § 314.120 on the question of whether there are grounds for denying approval of an application to the Director, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (HFB-1), at the same address.", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Ingredients packaged together with containers intended for the collection, processing, or storage of blood and blood components.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Urokinase products.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Plasma volume expanders and hydroxyethyl starch for leukapheresis.", "source": null}]		§ 314.54; § 314.110; § 314.94; § 314.120; § 314.50	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 21238, May 23, 1985; 55 FR 11581, Mar. 29, 1990; 57 FR 17997, Apr. 28, 1992; 58 FR 47352, Sept. 8, 1993]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.440
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart G	Miscellaneous Provisions	314.445	Guidelines.	(a) The Food and Drug Administration prepares guidelines under § 10.90(b) to help persons comply with requirements in this part. (b) The Center for Drug Evaluation and Research will maintain and make publicly available a list of guidelines that apply to the Center's regulations. The list states how a person can obtain a copy of each guideline. A request for a copy of the list should be directed to the CDER Executive Secretariat Staff (HFD-8), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The Food and Drug Administration prepares guidelines under § 10.90(b) to help persons comply with requirements in this part.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The Center for Drug Evaluation and Research will maintain and make publicly available a list of guidelines that apply to the Center's regulations. The list states how a person can obtain a copy of each guideline. A request for a copy of the list should be directed to the CDER Executive Secretariat Staff (HFD-8), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.", "source": null}]		§ 10.90	[50 FR 7493, Feb. 22, 1985, as amended at 55 FR 11581, Mar. 29, 1990; 56 FR 3776, Jan. 31, 1991]	Feb. 22, 1985	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.445
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart H	Accelerated Approval of New Drugs for Serious or Life-Threatening Illnesses	314.500	Scope.	This subpart applies to certain new drug and antibiotic products that have been studied for their safety and effectiveness in treating serious or life-threatening illnesses and that provide meaningful therapeutic benefit to patients over existing treatments (e.g., ability to treat patients unresponsive to, or intolerant of, available therapy, or improved patient response over available therapy).	regulation						(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.500
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart H	Accelerated Approval of New Drugs for Serious or Life-Threatening Illnesses	314.510	Approval based on a surrogate endpoint or on an effect on a clinical endpoint other than survival or irreversible morbidity.	FDA may grant marketing approval for a new drug product on the basis of adequate and well-controlled clinical trials establishing that the drug product has an effect on a surrogate endpoint that is reasonably likely, based on epidemiologic, therapeutic, pathophysiologic, or other evidence, to predict clinical benefit or on the basis of an effect on a clinical endpoint other than survival or irreversible morbidity. Approval under this section will be subject to the requirement that the applicant study the drug further, to verify and describe its clinical benefit, where there is uncertainty as to the relation of the surrogate endpoint to clinical benefit, or of the observed clinical benefit to ultimate outcome. Postmarketing studies would usually be studies already underway. When required to be conducted, such studies must also be adequate and well-controlled. The applicant shall carry out any such studies with due diligence.	regulation						(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.510
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart H	Accelerated Approval of New Drugs for Serious or Life-Threatening Illnesses	314.520	Approval with restrictions to assure safe use.	(a) If FDA concludes that a drug product shown to be effective can be safely used only if distribution or use is restricted, FDA will require such postmarketing restrictions as are needed to assure safe use of the drug product, such as: (1) Distribution restricted to certain facilities or physicians with special training or experience; or (2) Distribution conditioned on the performance of specified medical procedures. (b) The limitations imposed will be commensurate with the specific safety concerns presented by the drug product.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "If FDA concludes that a drug product shown to be effective can be safely used only if distribution or use is restricted, FDA will require such postmarketing restrictions as are needed to assure safe use of the drug product, such as:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Distribution restricted to certain facilities or physicians with special training or experience; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Distribution conditioned on the performance of specified medical procedures.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The limitations imposed will be commensurate with the specific safety concerns presented by the drug product.", "source": null}]					(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.520
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart H	Accelerated Approval of New Drugs for Serious or Life-Threatening Illnesses	314.530	Withdrawal procedures.	(a) For new drugs and antibiotics approved under §§ 314.510 and 314.520, FDA may withdraw approval, following a hearing as provided in part 15 of this chapter, as modified by this section, if: (1) A postmarketing clinical study fails to verify clinical benefit; (2) The applicant fails to perform the required postmarketing study with due diligence; (3) Use after marketing demonstrates that postmarketing restrictions are inadequate to assure safe use of the drug product; (4) The applicant fails to adhere to the postmarketing restrictions agreed upon; (5) The promotional materials are false or misleading; or (6) Other evidence demonstrates that the drug product is not shown to be safe or effective under its conditions of use. (b) Notice of opportunity for a hearing. The Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research will give the applicant notice of an opportunity for a hearing on the Center's proposal to withdraw the approval of an application approved under § 314.510 or § 314.520. The notice, which will ordinarily be a letter, will state generally the reasons for the action and the proposed grounds for the order. (c) Submission of data and information. (1) If the applicant fails to file a written request for a hearing within 15 days of receipt of the notice, the applicant waives the opportunity for a hearing. (2) If the applicant files a timely request for a hearing, the agency will publish a notice of hearing in the Federal Register in accordance with §§ 12.32(e) and 15.20 of this chapter. (3) An applicant who requests a hearing under this section must, within 30 days of receipt of the notice of opportunity for a hearing, submit the data and information upon which the applicant intends to rely at the hearing. (d) Separation of functions. Separation of functions (as specified in § 10.55 of this chapter) will not apply at any point in withdrawal proceedings under this section. (e) Procedures for hearings. Hearings held under this section will be conducted in accordance with the provisions of part 15 of this chapter, with the following modifications: (1) An advisory committee duly constituted under part 14 of this chapter will be present at the hearing. The committee will be asked to review the issues involved and to provide advice and recommendations to the Commissioner of Food and Drugs. (2) The presiding officer, the advisory committee members, up to three representatives of the applicant, and up to three representatives of the Center may question any person during or at the conclusion of the person's presentation. No other person attending the hearing may question a person making a presentation. The presiding officer may, as a matter of discretion, permit questions to be submitted to the presiding officer for response by a person making a presentation. (f) Judicial review. The Commissioner's decision constitutes final agency action from which the applicant may petition for judicial review. Before requesting an order from a court for a stay of action pending review, an applicant must first submit a petition for a stay of action under § 10.35 of this chapter.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "For new drugs and antibiotics approved under §§ 314.510 and 314.520, FDA may withdraw approval, following a hearing as provided in part 15 of this chapter, as modified by this section, if:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "A postmarketing clinical study fails to verify clinical benefit;", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The applicant fails to perform the required postmarketing study with due diligence;", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Use after marketing demonstrates that postmarketing restrictions are inadequate to assure safe use of the drug product;", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The applicant fails to adhere to the postmarketing restrictions agreed upon;", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "The promotional materials are false or misleading; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "Other evidence demonstrates that the drug product is not shown to be safe or effective under its conditions of use.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Notice of opportunity for a hearing. The Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research will give the applicant notice of an opportunity for a hearing on the Center's proposal to withdraw the approval of an application approved under § 314.510 or § 314.520. The notice, which will ordinarily be a letter, will state generally the reasons for the action and the proposed grounds for the order.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Submission of data and information. (1) If the applicant fails to file a written request for a hearing within 15 days of receipt of the notice, the applicant waives the opportunity for a hearing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "If the applicant files a timely request for a hearing, the agency will publish a notice of hearing in the Federal Register in accordance with §§ 12.32(e) and 15.20 of this chapter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "An applicant who requests a hearing under this section must, within 30 days of receipt of the notice of opportunity for a hearing, submit the data and information upon which the applicant intends to rely at the hearing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Separation of functions. Separation of functions (as specified in § 10.55 of this chapter) will not apply at any point in withdrawal proceedings under this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Procedures for hearings. Hearings held under this section will be conducted in accordance with the provisions of part 15 of this chapter, with the following modifications:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "An advisory committee duly constituted under part 14 of this chapter will be present at the hearing. The committee will be asked to review the issues involved and to provide advice and recommendations to the Commissioner of Food and Drugs.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The presiding officer, the advisory committee members, up to three representatives of the applicant, and up to three representatives of the Center may question any person during or at the conclusion of the person's presentation. No other person attending the hearing may question a person making a presentation. The presiding officer may, as a matter of discretion, permit questions to be submitted to the presiding officer for response by a person making a presentation.", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "Judicial review. The Commissioner's decision constitutes final agency action from which the applicant may petition for judicial review. Before requesting an order from a court for a stay of action pending review, an applicant must first submit a petition for a stay of action under § 10.35 of this chapter.", "source": null}]		§ 10.55; § 10.35; § 314.510; § 12.32; § 314.520.			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		30 days; 15 days	False	True	within 15 day; within 30 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.530
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart H	Accelerated Approval of New Drugs for Serious or Life-Threatening Illnesses	314.540	Postmarketing safety reporting.	Drug products approved under this program are subject to the postmarketing recordkeeping and safety reporting applicable to all approved drug products, as provided in §§ 314.80 and 314.81.	regulation			§ 314.80			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.540
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart H	Accelerated Approval of New Drugs for Serious or Life-Threatening Illnesses	314.550	Promotional materials.	For drug products being considered for approval under this subpart, unless otherwise informed by the agency, applicants must submit to the agency for consideration during the preapproval review period copies of all promotional materials, including promotional labeling as well as advertisements, intended for dissemination or publication within 120 days following marketing approval. After 120 days following marketing approval, unless otherwise informed by the agency, the applicant must submit promotional materials at least 30 days prior to the intended time of initial dissemination of the labeling or initial publication of the advertisement.	regulation						(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		120 days; 30 days	False	True	at least 30 day; within 120 day	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.550
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	Pt. 314	APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG OR AN ANTIBIOTIC DRUG	Subpart H	Accelerated Approval of New Drugs for Serious or Life-Threatening Illnesses	314.560	Termination of requirements.	If FDA determines after approval that the requirements established in § 314.520, § 314.530, or § 314.550 are no longer necessary for the safe and effective use of a drug product, it will so notify the applicant. Ordinarily, for drug products approved under § 314.510, these requirements will no longer apply when FDA determines that the required postmarketing study verifies and describes the drug product's clinical benefit and the drug product would be appropriate for approval under traditional procedures. For drug products approved under § 314.520, the restrictions would no longer apply when FDA determines that safe use of the drug product can be assured through appropriate labeling. FDA also retains the discretion to remove specific postapproval requirements upon review of a petition submitted by the sponsor in accordance with § 10.30.	regulation			§ 314.520; § 314.550; § 314.530; § 10.30.; § 314.510			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:Pt._314:314.560
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart A	General Provisions	316.1	Scope of this part.	(a) This part implements sections 525, 526, 527, and 528 of the act and provides procedures to encourage and facilitate the development of drugs for rare diseases or conditions, including biological products and antibiotics. This part sets forth the procedures and requirements for: (1) Submissions to FDA of: (i) Requests for recommendations for investigations of drugs for rare diseases or conditions; (ii) Requests for designation of a drug for a rare disease or condition; and (iii) Requests for gaining exclusive approval for a drug product for a rare disease or condition. (2) Allowing a sponsor to provide an investigational drug product under a treatment protocol to patients who need the drug for treatment of a rare disease or condition. (b) This part does not apply to food, medical devices, or drugs for veterinary use. (c) References in this part to regulatory sections of the Code of Federal Regulations are to chapter I of title 21, unless otherwise noted.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "This part implements sections 525, 526, 527, and 528 of the act and provides procedures to encourage and facilitate the development of drugs for rare diseases or conditions, including biological products and antibiotics. This part sets forth the procedures and requirements for:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Submissions to FDA of:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Requests for recommendations for investigations of drugs for rare diseases or conditions;", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Requests for designation of a drug for a rare disease or condition; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Requests for gaining exclusive approval for a drug product for a rare disease or condition.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Allowing a sponsor to provide an investigational drug product under a treatment protocol to patients who need the drug for treatment of a rare disease or condition.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "This part does not apply to food, medical devices, or drugs for veterinary use.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "References in this part to regulatory sections of the Code of Federal Regulations are to chapter I of title 21, unless otherwise noted.", "source": null}]					(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.1
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart A	General Provisions	316.2	Purpose.	The purpose of this part is to establish standards and procedures for determining eligibility for the benefits provided for in section 2 of the Orphan Drug Act, including written recommendations for investigations of orphan drugs, a 7-year period of exclusive marketing, and treatment use of investigational orphan drugs. This part is also intended to satisfy Congress' requirements that FDA promulgate procedures for the implementation of sections 525(a) and 526(a) of the act.	regulation						(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.2
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart A	General Provisions	316.3	Definitions.	(a) The definitions and interpretations contained in section 201 of the act apply to those terms when used in this part. (b) The following definitions of terms apply to this part: (1) Act means the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as amended by section 2 of the Orphan Drug Act (sections 525-528 (21 U.S.C. 360aa-360dd)). (2) Active moiety means the molecule or ion, excluding those appended portions of the molecule that cause the drug to be an ester, salt (including a salt with hydrogen or coordination bonds), or other noncovalent derivative (such as a complex, chelate, or clathrate) of the molecule, responsible for the physiological or pharmacological action of the drug substance. (3) Clinically superior means that a drug is shown to provide a significant therapeutic advantage over and above that provided by an approved orphan drug (that is otherwise the same drug) in one or more of the following ways: (i) Greater effectiveness than an approved orphan drug (as assessed by effect on a clinically meaningful endpoint in adequate and well controlled clinical trials). Generally, this would represent the same kind of evidence needed to support a comparative effectiveness claim for two different drugs; in most cases, direct comparative clinical trials would be necessary; or (ii) Greater safety in a substantial portion of the target populations, for example, by the elimination of an ingredient or contaminant that is associated with relatively frequent adverse effects. In some cases, direct comparative clinical trials will be necessary; or (iii) In unusual cases, where neither greater safety nor greater effectiveness has been shown, a demonstration that the drug otherwise makes a major contribution to patient care. (4) Director means the Director of FDA's Office of Orphan Products Development. (5) FDA means the Food and Drug Administration. (6) Holder means the sponsor in whose name an orphan drug is designated and approved. (7) IND means an investigational new drug application under part 312 of this chapter. (8) Manufacturer means any person or agency engaged in the manufacture of a drug that is subject to investigation and approval under the act or the biologics provisions of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262-263). (9) Marketing application means an application for approval of a new drug filed under section 505(b) of the act, a request for certification of an antibiotic under section 507 of the act, or an application for a biological product/establishment license submitted under section 351 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262). (10) Orphan drug means a drug intended for use in a rare disease or condition as defined in section 526 of the act. (11) Orphan-drug designation means FDA's act of granting a request for designation under section 526 of the act. (12) Orphan-drug exclusive approval or exclusive approval means that, effective on the date of FDA approval as stated in the approval letter of a marketing application for a sponsor of a designated orphan drug, no approval will be given to a subsequent sponsor of the same drug product for the same indication for 7 years, except as otherwise provided by law or in this part. (13) Same drug means: (i) If it is a drug composed of small molecules, a drug that contains the same active moiety as a previously approved drug and is intended for the same use as the previously approved drug, even if the particular ester or salt (including a salt with hydrogen or coordination bonds) or other noncovalent derivative such as a complex, chelate or clathrate has not been previously approved, except that if the subsequent drug can be shown to be clinically superior to the first drug, it will not be considered to be the same drug. (ii) If it is a drug composed of large molecules (macromolecules), a drug that contains the same principal molecular structural features (but not necessarily all of the same structural features) and is intended for the same use as a previously approved drug, except that, if the subsequent drug can be shown to be clinically superior, it will not be considered to be the same drug. This criterion will be applied as follows to different kinds of macromolecules: (A) Two protein drugs would be considered the same if the only differences in structure between them were due to post-translational events or infidelity of translation or transcription or were minor differences in amino acid sequence; other potentially important differences, such as different glycosylation patterns or different tertiary structures, would not cause the drugs to be considered different unless the differences were shown to be clinically superior. (B) Two polysaccharide drugs would be considered the same if they had identical saccharide repeating units, even if the number of units were to vary and even if there were postpolymerization modifications, unless the subsequent drug could be shown to be clinically superior. (C) Two polynucleotide drugs consisting of two or more distinct nucleotides would be considered the same if they had an identical sequence of purine and pyrimidine bases (or their derivatives) bound to an identical sugar backbone (ribose, deoxyribose, or modifications of these sugars), unless the subsequent drug were shown to be clinically superior. (D) Closely related, complex partly definable drugs with similar therapeutic intent, such as two live viral vaccines for the same indication, would be considered the same unless the subsequent drug was shown to be clinically superior. (14) Sponsor means the entity that assumes responsibility for a clinical or nonclinical investigation of a drug, including the responsibility for compliance with applicable provisions of the act and regulations. A sponsor may be an individual, partnership, corporation, or Government agency and may be a manufacturer, scientific institution, or an investigator regularly and lawfully engaged in the investigation of drugs. For purposes of the Orphan Drug Act, FDA considers the real party or parties in interest to be a sponsor.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The definitions and interpretations contained in section 201 of the act apply to those terms when used in this part.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The following definitions of terms apply to this part:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Act means the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as amended by section 2 of the Orphan Drug Act (sections 525-528 (21 U.S.C. 360aa-360dd)).", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Active moiety means the molecule or ion, excluding those appended portions of the molecule that cause the drug to be an ester, salt (including a salt with hydrogen or coordination bonds), or other noncovalent derivative (such as a complex, chelate, or clathrate) of the molecule, responsible for the physiological or pharmacological action of the drug substance.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Clinically superior means that a drug is shown to provide a significant therapeutic advantage over and above that provided by an approved orphan drug (that is otherwise the same drug) in one or more of the following ways:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Greater effectiveness than an approved orphan drug (as assessed by effect on a clinically meaningful endpoint in adequate and well controlled clinical trials). Generally, this would represent the same kind of evidence needed to support a comparative effectiveness claim for two different drugs; in most cases, direct comparative clinical trials would be necessary; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Greater safety in a substantial portion of the target populations, for example, by the elimination of an ingredient or contaminant that is associated with relatively frequent adverse effects. In some cases, direct comparative clinical trials will be necessary; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "In unusual cases, where neither greater safety nor greater effectiveness has been shown, a demonstration that the drug otherwise makes a major contribution to patient care.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Director means the Director of FDA's Office of Orphan Products Development.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "FDA means the Food and Drug Administration.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "Holder means the sponsor in whose name an orphan drug is designated and approved.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "IND means an investigational new drug application under part 312 of this chapter.", "source": null}, {"label": "(8)", "text": "Manufacturer means any person or agency engaged in the manufacture of a drug that is subject to investigation and approval under the act or the biologics provisions of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262-263).", "source": null}, {"label": "(9)", "text": "Marketing application means an application for approval of a new drug filed under section 505(b) of the act, a request for certification of an antibiotic under section 507 of the act, or an application for a biological product/establishment license submitted under section 351 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262).", "source": null}, {"label": "(10)", "text": "Orphan drug means a drug intended for use in a rare disease or condition as defined in section 526 of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(11)", "text": "Orphan-drug designation means FDA's act of granting a request for designation under section 526 of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(12)", "text": "Orphan-drug exclusive approval or exclusive approval means that, effective on the date of FDA approval as stated in the approval letter of a marketing application for a sponsor of a designated orphan drug, no approval will be given to a subsequent sponsor of the same drug product for the same indication for 7 years, except as otherwise provided by law or in this part.", "source": null}, {"label": "(13)", "text": "Same drug means:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "If it is a drug composed of small molecules, a drug that contains the same active moiety as a previously approved drug and is intended for the same use as the previously approved drug, even if the particular ester or salt (including a salt with hydrogen or coordination bonds) or other noncovalent derivative such as a complex, chelate or clathrate has not been previously approved, except that if the subsequent drug can be shown to be clinically superior to the first drug, it will not be considered to be the same drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "If it is a drug composed of large molecules (macromolecules), a drug that contains the same principal molecular structural features (but not necessarily all of the same structural features) and is intended for the same use as a previously approved drug, except that, if the subsequent drug can be shown to be clinically superior, it will not be considered to be the same drug. This criterion will be applied as follows to different kinds of macromolecules:", "source": null}, {"label": "(A)", "text": "Two protein drugs would be considered the same if the only differences in structure between them were due to post-translational events or infidelity of translation or transcription or were minor differences in amino acid sequence; other potentially important differences, such as different glycosylation patterns or different tertiary structures, would not cause the drugs to be considered different unless the differences were shown to be clinically superior.", "source": null}, {"label": "(B)", "text": "Two polysaccharide drugs would be considered the same if they had identical saccharide repeating units, even if the number of units were to vary and even if there were postpolymerization modifications, unless the subsequent drug could be shown to be clinically superior.", "source": null}, {"label": "(C)", "text": "Two polynucleotide drugs consisting of two or more distinct nucleotides would be considered the same if they had an identical sequence of purine and pyrimidine bases (or their derivatives) bound to an identical sugar backbone (ribose, deoxyribose, or modifications of these sugars), unless the subsequent drug were shown to be clinically superior.", "source": null}, {"label": "(D)", "text": "Closely related, complex partly definable drugs with similar therapeutic intent, such as two live viral vaccines for the same indication, would be considered the same unless the subsequent drug was shown to be clinically superior.", "source": null}, {"label": "(14)", "text": "Sponsor means the entity that assumes responsibility for a clinical or nonclinical investigation of a drug, including the responsibility for compliance with applicable provisions of the act and regulations. A sponsor may be an individual, partnership, corporation, or Government agency and may be a manufacturer, scientific institution, or an investigator regularly and lawfully engaged in the investigation of drugs. For purposes of the Orphan Drug Act, FDA considers the real party or parties in interest to be a sponsor.", "source": null}]	42 U.S.C. 262; 21 U.S.C. 360				(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	True	Orphan-drug designation; Orphan drug; Active moiety; Marketing application; Clinically superior	7 years	False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.3
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart A	General Provisions	316.4	Address for submissions.	All correspondence and requests for FDA action pursuant to the provisions of this rule should be addressed as follows: Office of Orphan Products Development (HF-35), Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.	regulation						(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.4
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart B	Written Recommendations for Investigations of Orphan Drugs	316.10	Content and format of a request for written recommendations.	(a) A sponsor's request for written recommendations from FDA concerning the nonclinical and clinical investigations necessary for approval of a marketing application shall be submitted in the form and contain the information required in this section. FDA may require the sponsor to submit information in addition to that specified in paragraph (b) of this section if FDA determines that the sponsor's initial request does not contain adequate information on which to base recommendations. (b) A sponsor shall submit two copies of a completed, dated, and signed request for written recommendations that contains the following: (1) The sponsor's name and address. (2) A statement that the sponsor is requesting written recommendations on orphan-drug development under section 525 of the act. (3) The name of the sponsor's primary contact person and/or resident agent, and the person's title, address, and telephone number. (4) The generic name and trade name, if any, of the drug and a list of the drug product's components or description of the drug product's formulation, and chemical and physical properties. (5) The proposed dosage form and route of administration. (6) A description of the disease or condition for which the drug is proposed to be investigated and the proposed indication or indications for use for such disease or condition. (7) Current regulatory and marketing status and history of the drug product, including: (i) Whether the product is the subject of an IND or a marketing application (if the product is the subject of an IND or a marketing application, the IND or marketing application numbers should be stated and the investigational or approved indication or indications for use specified); (ii) Known marketing experience or investigational status outside the United States; (iii) So far as is known or can be determined, all indications previously or currently under investigation anywhere; (iv) All adverse regulatory actions taken by the United States or foreign authorities. (8) The basis for concluding that the drug is for a disease or condition that is rare in the United States, including the following: (i) The size and other known demographic characteristics of the patient population affected and the source of this information. (ii) For drugs intended for diseases or conditions affecting 200,000 or more people in the United States, or for a vaccine, diagnostic drug, or preventive drug that would be given to 200,000 or more persons per year, a summary of the sponsor's basis for believing that the disease or condition described in paragraph (b)(6) of this section occurs so infrequently that there is no reasonable expectation that the costs of drug development and marketing will be recovered in future sales of the drug in the United States. The estimated costs and sales data should be submitted as provided for in § 316.21(c). (9) A summary and analysis of available data on the pharmacologic effects of the drug. (10) A summary and analysis of available nonclinical and clinical data pertinent to the drug and the disease to be studied including copies of pertinent published reports. When a drug proposed for orphan drug designation is intended to treat a life-threatening or severely debilitating illness, especially where no satisfactory alternative therapy exists, the sponsor may wish voluntarily to provide this information. A sponsor of such a drug may be entitled to expeditious development, evaluation, and marketing under 21 CFR part 312, subpart E. (11) An explanation of how the data summarized and analyzed under paragraphs (b)(9) and (b)(10) of this section support the rationale for use of the drug in the rare disease or condition. (12) A definition of the population from which subjects will be identified for clinical trials, if known. (13) A detailed outline of any protocols under which the drug has been or is being studied for the rare disease or condition and a summary and analysis of any available data from such studies. (14) The sponsor's proposal as to the scope of nonclinical and clinical investigations needed to establish the safety and effectiveness of the drug. (15) Detailed protocols for each proposed United States or foreign clinical investigation, if available. (16) Specific questions to be addressed by FDA in its recommendations for nonclinical laboratory studies and clinical investigations.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "A sponsor's request for written recommendations from FDA concerning the nonclinical and clinical investigations necessary for approval of a marketing application shall be submitted in the form and contain the information required in this section. FDA may require the sponsor to submit information in addition to that specified in paragraph (b) of this section if FDA determines that the sponsor's initial request does not contain adequate information on which to base recommendations.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "A sponsor shall submit two copies of a completed, dated, and signed request for written recommendations that contains the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The sponsor's name and address.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "A statement that the sponsor is requesting written recommendations on orphan-drug development under section 525 of the act.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The name of the sponsor's primary contact person and/or resident agent, and the person's title, address, and telephone number.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The generic name and trade name, if any, of the drug and a list of the drug product's components or description of the drug product's formulation, and chemical and physical properties.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "The proposed dosage form and route of administration.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "A description of the disease or condition for which the drug is proposed to be investigated and the proposed indication or indications for use for such disease or condition.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "Current regulatory and marketing status and history of the drug product, including:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Whether the product is the subject of an IND or a marketing application (if the product is the subject of an IND or a marketing application, the IND or marketing application numbers should be stated and the investigational or approved indication or indications for use specified);", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Known marketing experience or investigational status outside the United States;", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "So far as is known or can be determined, all indications previously or currently under investigation anywhere;", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "All adverse regulatory actions taken by the United States or foreign authorities.", "source": null}, {"label": "(8)", "text": "The basis for concluding that the drug is for a disease or condition that is rare in the United States, including the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The size and other known demographic characteristics of the patient population affected and the source of this information.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "For drugs intended for diseases or conditions affecting 200,000 or more people in the United States, or for a vaccine, diagnostic drug, or preventive drug that would be given to 200,000 or more persons per year, a summary of the sponsor's basis for believing that the disease or condition described in paragraph (b)(6) of this section occurs so infrequently that there is no reasonable expectation that the costs of drug development and marketing will be recovered in future sales of the drug in the United States. The estimated costs and sales data should be submitted as provided for in § 316.21(c).", "source": null}, {"label": "(9)", "text": "A summary and analysis of available data on the pharmacologic effects of the drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(10)", "text": "A summary and analysis of available nonclinical and clinical data pertinent to the drug and the disease to be studied including copies of pertinent published reports. When a drug proposed for orphan drug designation is intended to treat a life-threatening or severely debilitating illness, especially where no satisfactory alternative therapy exists, the sponsor may wish voluntarily to provide this information. A sponsor of such a drug may be entitled to expeditious development, evaluation, and marketing under 21 CFR part 312, subpart E.", "source": null}, {"label": "(11)", "text": "An explanation of how the data summarized and analyzed under paragraphs (b)(9) and (b)(10) of this section support the rationale for use of the drug in the rare disease or condition.", "source": null}, {"label": "(12)", "text": "A definition of the population from which subjects will be identified for clinical trials, if known.", "source": null}, {"label": "(13)", "text": "A detailed outline of any protocols under which the drug has been or is being studied for the rare disease or condition and a summary and analysis of any available data from such studies.", "source": null}, {"label": "(14)", "text": "The sponsor's proposal as to the scope of nonclinical and clinical investigations needed to establish the safety and effectiveness of the drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(15)", "text": "Detailed protocols for each proposed United States or foreign clinical investigation, if available.", "source": null}, {"label": "(16)", "text": "Specific questions to be addressed by FDA in its recommendations for nonclinical laboratory studies and clinical investigations.", "source": null}]		§ 316.21; 21 CFR part 312	[57 FR 62085, Dec. 29, 1992; 58 FR 6167, Jan. 26, 1993]	Dec. 29, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.10
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart B	Written Recommendations for Investigations of Orphan Drugs	316.12	Providing written recommendations.	(a) FDA will provide the sponsor with written recommendations concerning the nonclinical laboratory studies and clinical investigations necessary for approval of a marketing application if none of the reasons described in § 316.14 for refusing to do so applies. (b) When a sponsor seeks written recommendations at a stage of drug development at which advice on any clinical investigations, or on particular investigations would be premature, FDA's response may be limited to written recommendations concerning only nonclinical laboratory studies, or only certain of the clinical studies (e.g., Phase 1 studies as described in § 312.21 of this chapter). Prior to providing written recommendations for the clinical investigations required to achieve marketing approval, FDA may require that the results of the nonclinical laboratory studies or completed early clinical studies be submitted to FDA for agency review.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "FDA will provide the sponsor with written recommendations concerning the nonclinical laboratory studies and clinical investigations necessary for approval of a marketing application if none of the reasons described in § 316.14 for refusing to do so applies.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "When a sponsor seeks written recommendations at a stage of drug development at which advice on any clinical investigations, or on particular investigations would be premature, FDA's response may be limited to written recommendations concerning only nonclinical laboratory studies, or only certain of the clinical studies (e.g., Phase 1 studies as described in § 312.21 of this chapter). Prior to providing written recommendations for the clinical investigations required to achieve marketing approval, FDA may require that the results of the nonclinical laboratory studies or completed early clinical studies be submitted to FDA for agency review.", "source": null}]		§ 312.21; § 316.14			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.12
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart B	Written Recommendations for Investigations of Orphan Drugs	316.14	Refusal to provide written recommendations.	(a) FDA may refuse to provide written recommendations concerning the nonclinical laboratory studies and clinical investigations necessary for approval of a marketing application for any of the following reasons: (1) The information required to be submitted by § 316.10(b) has not been submitted, or the information submitted is incomplete. (2) There is insufficient information about: (i) The drug to identify the active moiety and its physical and chemical properties, if these characteristics can be determined; or (ii) The disease or condition to determine that the disease or condition is rare in the United States; or (iii) The reasons for believing that the drug may be useful for treating the rare disease or condition with that drug; or (iv) The regulatory and marketing history of the drug to determine the scope and type of investigations that have already been conducted on the drug for the rare disease or condition; or (v) The plan of study for establishing the safety and effectiveness of the drug for treatment of the rare disease or condition. (3) The specific questions for which the sponsor seeks the advice of the agency are unclear or are not sufficiently specific. (4) On the basis of the information submitted and on other information available to the agency, FDA determines that the disease or condition for which the drug is intended is not rare in the United States. (5) On the basis of the information submitted and on other information available to the agency, FDA determines that there is an inadequate basis for permitting investigational use of the drug under part 312 of this chapter for the rare disease or condition. (6) The request for information contains an untrue statement of material fact. (b) A refusal to provide written recommendations will be in writing and will include a statement of the reason for FDA's refusal. Where practicable, FDA will describe the information or material it requires or the conditions the sponsor must meet for FDA to provide recommendations. (c) Within 90 days after the date of a letter from FDA requesting additional information or material or setting forth the conditions that the sponsor is asked to meet, the sponsor shall either: (1) Provide the information or material or amend the request for written recommendations to meet the conditions sought by FDA; or (2) Withdraw the request for written recommendations. FDA will consider a sponsor's failure to respond within 90 days to an FDA letter requesting information or material or setting forth conditions to be met to be a withdrawal of the request for written recommendations.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "FDA may refuse to provide written recommendations concerning the nonclinical laboratory studies and clinical investigations necessary for approval of a marketing application for any of the following reasons:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The information required to be submitted by § 316.10(b) has not been submitted, or the information submitted is incomplete.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "There is insufficient information about:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The drug to identify the active moiety and its physical and chemical properties, if these characteristics can be determined; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "The disease or condition to determine that the disease or condition is rare in the United States; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "The reasons for believing that the drug may be useful for treating the rare disease or condition with that drug; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "The regulatory and marketing history of the drug to determine the scope and type of investigations that have already been conducted on the drug for the rare disease or condition; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(v)", "text": "The plan of study for establishing the safety and effectiveness of the drug for treatment of the rare disease or condition.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The specific questions for which the sponsor seeks the advice of the agency are unclear or are not sufficiently specific.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "On the basis of the information submitted and on other information available to the agency, FDA determines that the disease or condition for which the drug is intended is not rare in the United States.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "On the basis of the information submitted and on other information available to the agency, FDA determines that there is an inadequate basis for permitting investigational use of the drug under part 312 of this chapter for the rare disease or condition.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "The request for information contains an untrue statement of material fact.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "A refusal to provide written recommendations will be in writing and will include a statement of the reason for FDA's refusal. Where practicable, FDA will describe the information or material it requires or the conditions the sponsor must meet for FDA to provide recommendations.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Within 90 days after the date of a letter from FDA requesting additional information or material or setting forth the conditions that the sponsor is asked to meet, the sponsor shall either:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Provide the information or material or amend the request for written recommendations to meet the conditions sought by FDA; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Withdraw the request for written recommendations. FDA will consider a sponsor's failure to respond within 90 days to an FDA letter requesting information or material or setting forth conditions to be met to be a withdrawal of the request for written recommendations.", "source": null}]		§ 316.10			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		90 days	False	True	within 90 day; 90 days	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.14
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart C	Designation of an Orphan Drug	316.20	Content and format of a request for orphan-drug designation.	(a) A sponsor that submits a request for orphan-drug designation of a drug for a specified rare disease or condition shall submit each request in the form and containing the information required in paragraph (b) of this section. A sponsor may request orphan-drug designation of a previously unapproved drug, or of a new orphan indication for an already marketed drug. In addition, a sponsor of a drug that is otherwise the same drug as an already approved orphan drug may seek and obtain orphan-drug designation for the subsequent drug for the same rare disease or condition if it can present a plausible hypothesis that its drug may be clinically superior to the first drug. More than one sponsor may receive orphan-drug designation of the same drug for the same rare disease or condition, but each sponsor seeking orphan-drug designation must file a complete request for designation as provided in paragraph (b) of this section. (b) A sponsor shall submit two copies of a completed, dated, and signed request for designation that contains the following: (1) A statement that the sponsor requests orphan-drug designation for a rare disease or condition, which shall be identified with specificity. (2) The name and address of the sponsor; the name of the sponsor's primary contact person and/or resident agent including title, address, and telephone number; the generic and trade name, if any, of the drug or drug product; and the name and address of the source of the drug if it is not manufactured by the sponsor. (3) A description of the rare disease or condition for which the drug is being or will be investigated, the proposed indication or indications for use of the drug, and the reasons why such therapy is needed. (4) A description of the drug and a discussion of the scientific rationale for the use of the drug for the rare disease or condition, including all data from nonclinical laboratory studies, clinical investigations, and other relevant data that are available to the sponsor, whether positive, negative, or inconclusive. Copies of pertinent unpublished and published papers are also required. (5) Where the sponsor of a drug that is otherwise the same drug as an already-approved orphan drug seeks orphan-drug designation for the subsequent drug for the same rare disease or condition, an explanation of why the proposed variation may be clinically superior to the first drug. (6) Where a drug is under development for only a subset of persons with a particular disease or condition, a demonstration that the subset is medically plausible. (7) A summary of the regulatory status and marketing history of the drug in the United States and in foreign countries, e.g., IND and marketing application status and dispositions, what uses are under investigation and in what countries; for what indication is the drug approved in foreign countries; what adverse regulatory actions have been taken against the drug in any country. (8) Documentation, with appended authoritative references, to demonstrate that: (i) The disease or condition for which the drug is intended affects fewer than 200,000 people in the United States or, if the drug is a vaccine, diagnostic drug, or preventive drug, the persons to whom the drug will be administered in the United States are fewer than 200,000 per year as specified in § 316.21(b), or (ii) For a drug intended for diseases or conditions affecting 200,000 or more people, or for a vaccine, diagnostic drug, or preventive drug to be administered to 200,000 or more persons per year in the United States, there is no reasonable expectation that costs of research and development of the drug for the indication can be recovered by sales of the drug in the United States as specified in § 316.21(c). (9) A statement as to whether the sponsor submitting the request is the real party in interest of the development and the intended or actual production and sales of the product. (c) Any of the information previously provided by the sponsor to FDA under Subpart B of this part may be referenced by specific page or location if it duplicates information required elsewhere in this section.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "A sponsor that submits a request for orphan-drug designation of a drug for a specified rare disease or condition shall submit each request in the form and containing the information required in paragraph (b) of this section. A sponsor may request orphan-drug designation of a previously unapproved drug, or of a new orphan indication for an already marketed drug. In addition, a sponsor of a drug that is otherwise the same drug as an already approved orphan drug may seek and obtain orphan-drug designation for the subsequent drug for the same rare disease or condition if it can present a plausible hypothesis that its drug may be clinically superior to the first drug. More than one sponsor may receive orphan-drug designation of the same drug for the same rare disease or condition, but each sponsor seeking orphan-drug designation must file a complete request for designation as provided in paragraph (b) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "A sponsor shall submit two copies of a completed, dated, and signed request for designation that contains the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "A statement that the sponsor requests orphan-drug designation for a rare disease or condition, which shall be identified with specificity.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The name and address of the sponsor; the name of the sponsor's primary contact person and/or resident agent including title, address, and telephone number; the generic and trade name, if any, of the drug or drug product; and the name and address of the source of the drug if it is not manufactured by the sponsor.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "A description of the rare disease or condition for which the drug is being or will be investigated, the proposed indication or indications for use of the drug, and the reasons why such therapy is needed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "A description of the drug and a discussion of the scientific rationale for the use of the drug for the rare disease or condition, including all data from nonclinical laboratory studies, clinical investigations, and other relevant data that are available to the sponsor, whether positive, negative, or inconclusive. Copies of pertinent unpublished and published papers are also required.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "Where the sponsor of a drug that is otherwise the same drug as an already-approved orphan drug seeks orphan-drug designation for the subsequent drug for the same rare disease or condition, an explanation of why the proposed variation may be clinically superior to the first drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "Where a drug is under development for only a subset of persons with a particular disease or condition, a demonstration that the subset is medically plausible.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "A summary of the regulatory status and marketing history of the drug in the United States and in foreign countries, e.g., IND and marketing application status and dispositions, what uses are under investigation and in what countries; for what indication is the drug approved in foreign countries; what adverse regulatory actions have been taken against the drug in any country.", "source": null}, {"label": "(8)", "text": "Documentation, with appended authoritative references, to demonstrate that:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The disease or condition for which the drug is intended affects fewer than 200,000 people in the United States or, if the drug is a vaccine, diagnostic drug, or preventive drug, the persons to whom the drug will be administered in the United States are fewer than 200,000 per year as specified in § 316.21(b), or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "For a drug intended for diseases or conditions affecting 200,000 or more people, or for a vaccine, diagnostic drug, or preventive drug to be administered to 200,000 or more persons per year in the United States, there is no reasonable expectation that costs of research and development of the drug for the indication can be recovered by sales of the drug in the United States as specified in § 316.21(c).", "source": null}, {"label": "(9)", "text": "A statement as to whether the sponsor submitting the request is the real party in interest of the development and the intended or actual production and sales of the product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Any of the information previously provided by the sponsor to FDA under Subpart B of this part may be referenced by specific page or location if it duplicates information required elsewhere in this section.", "source": null}]		§ 316.21			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.20
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart C	Designation of an Orphan Drug	316.21	Verification of orphan-drug status.	(a) So that FDA can determine whether a drug qualifies for orphan-drug designation under section 526(a) of the act, the sponsor shall include in its request to FDA for orphan-drug designation under § 316.20 either: (1) Documentation as described in paragraph (b) of this section that the number of people affected by the disease or condition for which the drug product is indicated is fewer than 200,000 persons; or (2) Documentation as described in paragraph (c) of this section that demonstrates that there is no reasonable expectation that the sales of the drug will be sufficient to offset the costs of developing the drug for the U.S. market and the costs of making the drug available in the United States. (b) For the purpose of documenting that the number of people affected by the disease or condition for which the drug product is indicated is less than 200,000 persons, “prevalence” is defined as the number of persons in the United States who have been diagnosed as having the disease or condition at the time of the submission of the request for orphan-drug designation. To document the number of persons in the United States who have the disease or condition for which the drug is to be indicated, the sponsor shall submit to FDA evidence showing: (1) The estimated prevalence of the disease or condition for which the drug is being developed, together with a list of the sources (including dates of information provided and literature citations) for the estimate; (2) Upon request by FDA, the estimated prevalence of any other disease or condition for which the drug has already been approved or for which the drug is currently being developed, together with an explanation of the bases of these estimates; and (3) The estimated number of people to whom the drug will be administered annually if the drug is a vaccine or is a drug intended for diagnosis or prevention of a rare disease or condition, together with an explanation of the bases of these estimates (including dates of information provided and literature citations). (c) When submitting documentation that there is no reasonable expectation that costs of research and development of the drug for the disease or condition can be recovered by sales of the drug in the United States, the sponsor shall submit to FDA: (1) Data on all costs that the sponsor has incurred in the course of developing the drug for the U.S. market. These costs shall include, but are not limited to, nonclinical laboratory studies, clinical studies, dosage form development, record and report maintenance, meetings with FDA, determination of patentability, preparation of designation request, IND/marketing application preparation, distribution of the drug under a “treatment” protocol, licensing costs, liability insurance, and overhead and depreciation. Furthermore, the sponsor shall demonstrate the reasonableness of the cost data. For example, if the sponsor has incurred costs for clinical investigations, the sponsor shall provide information on the number of investigations, the years in which they took place, and on the scope, duration, and number of patients that were involved in each investigation. (2) If the drug was developed wholly or in part outside the United States, in addition to the documentation listed in paragraph (c)(1) of this section: (i) Data on and justification for all costs that the sponsor has incurred outside of the United States in the course of developing the drug for the U.S. market. The justification, in addition to demonstrating the reasonableness of the cost data, must also explain the method that was used to determine which portion of the foreign development costs should be applied to the U.S. market, and what percent these costs are of total worldwide development costs. Any data submitted to foreign government authorities to support drug pricing determinations must be included with this information. (ii) Data that show which foreign development costs were recovered through cost recovery procedures that are allowed during drug development in some foreign countries. For example, if the sponsor charged patients for the drug during clinical investigations, the revenues collected by the sponsor must be reported to FDA. (3) In cases where the drug has already been approved for marketing for any indication or in cases where the drug is currently under investigation for one or more other indications (in addition to the indication for which orphan-drug designation is being sought), a clear explanation of and justification for the method that is used to apportion the development costs among the various indications. (4) A statement of and justification for any development costs that the sponsor expects to incur after the submission of the designation request. In cases where the extent of these future development costs are not clear, the sponsor should request FDA's advice and assistance in estimating the scope of nonclinical laboratory studies and clinical investigations and other data that are needed to support marketing approval. Based on these recommendations, a cost estimate should be prepared. (5) A statement of and justification for production and marketing costs that the sponsor has incurred in the past and expects to incur during the first 7 years that the drug is marketed. (6) An estimate of and justification for the expected revenues from sales of the drug in the United States during its first 7 years of marketing. The justification should assume that the total market for the drug is equal to the prevalence of the disease or condition that the drug will be used to treat. The justification should include: (i) An estimate of the expected market share of the drug in each of the first 7 years that it is marketed, together with an explanation of the basis for that estimate; (ii) A projection of and justification for the price at which the drug will be sold; and (iii) Comparisons with sales of similarly situated drugs, where available. (7) The name of each country where the drug has already been approved for marketing for any indication, the dates of approval, the indication for which the drug is approved, and the annual sales and number of prescriptions in each country since the first approval date. (8) A report of an independent certified public accountant in accordance with Statement on Standards for Attestation established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants on agreed upon procedures performed with respect to the data estimates and justifications submitted pursuant to this section. Cost data shall be determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. (d) A sponsor that is requesting orphan-drug designation for a drug designed to treat a disease or condition that affects 200,000 or more persons shall, at FDA's request, allow FDA or FDA-designated personnel to examine at reasonable times and in a reasonable manner all relevant financial records and sales data of the sponsor and manufacturer.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "So that FDA can determine whether a drug qualifies for orphan-drug designation under section 526(a) of the act, the sponsor shall include in its request to FDA for orphan-drug designation under § 316.20 either:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Documentation as described in paragraph (b) of this section that the number of people affected by the disease or condition for which the drug product is indicated is fewer than 200,000 persons; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Documentation as described in paragraph (c) of this section that demonstrates that there is no reasonable expectation that the sales of the drug will be sufficient to offset the costs of developing the drug for the U.S. market and the costs of making the drug available in the United States.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "For the purpose of documenting that the number of people affected by the disease or condition for which the drug product is indicated is less than 200,000 persons, “prevalence” is defined as the number of persons in the United States who have been diagnosed as having the disease or condition at the time of the submission of the request for orphan-drug designation. To document the number of persons in the United States who have the disease or condition for which the drug is to be indicated, the sponsor shall submit to FDA evidence showing:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The estimated prevalence of the disease or condition for which the drug is being developed, together with a list of the sources (including dates of information provided and literature citations) for the estimate;", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Upon request by FDA, the estimated prevalence of any other disease or condition for which the drug has already been approved or for which the drug is currently being developed, together with an explanation of the bases of these estimates; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The estimated number of people to whom the drug will be administered annually if the drug is a vaccine or is a drug intended for diagnosis or prevention of a rare disease or condition, together with an explanation of the bases of these estimates (including dates of information provided and literature citations).", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "When submitting documentation that there is no reasonable expectation that costs of research and development of the drug for the disease or condition can be recovered by sales of the drug in the United States, the sponsor shall submit to FDA:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Data on all costs that the sponsor has incurred in the course of developing the drug for the U.S. market. These costs shall include, but are not limited to, nonclinical laboratory studies, clinical studies, dosage form development, record and report maintenance, meetings with FDA, determination of patentability, preparation of designation request, IND/marketing application preparation, distribution of the drug under a “treatment” protocol, licensing costs, liability insurance, and overhead and depreciation. Furthermore, the sponsor shall demonstrate the reasonableness of the cost data. For example, if the sponsor has incurred costs for clinical investigations, the sponsor shall provide information on the number of investigations, the years in which they took place, and on the scope, duration, and number of patients that were involved in each investigation.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "If the drug was developed wholly or in part outside the United States, in addition to the documentation listed in paragraph (c)(1) of this section:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Data on and justification for all costs that the sponsor has incurred outside of the United States in the course of developing the drug for the U.S. market. The justification, in addition to demonstrating the reasonableness of the cost data, must also explain the method that was used to determine which portion of the foreign development costs should be applied to the U.S. market, and what percent these costs are of total worldwide development costs. Any data submitted to foreign government authorities to support drug pricing determinations must be included with this information.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Data that show which foreign development costs were recovered through cost recovery procedures that are allowed during drug development in some foreign countries. For example, if the sponsor charged patients for the drug during clinical investigations, the revenues collected by the sponsor must be reported to FDA.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "In cases where the drug has already been approved for marketing for any indication or in cases where the drug is currently under investigation for one or more other indications (in addition to the indication for which orphan-drug designation is being sought), a clear explanation of and justification for the method that is used to apportion the development costs among the various indications.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "A statement of and justification for any development costs that the sponsor expects to incur after the submission of the designation request. In cases where the extent of these future development costs are not clear, the sponsor should request FDA's advice and assistance in estimating the scope of nonclinical laboratory studies and clinical investigations and other data that are needed to support marketing approval. Based on these recommendations, a cost estimate should be prepared.", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "A statement of and justification for production and marketing costs that the sponsor has incurred in the past and expects to incur during the first 7 years that the drug is marketed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "An estimate of and justification for the expected revenues from sales of the drug in the United States during its first 7 years of marketing. The justification should assume that the total market for the drug is equal to the prevalence of the disease or condition that the drug will be used to treat. The justification should include:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "An estimate of the expected market share of the drug in each of the first 7 years that it is marketed, together with an explanation of the basis for that estimate;", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "A projection of and justification for the price at which the drug will be sold; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Comparisons with sales of similarly situated drugs, where available.", "source": null}, {"label": "(7)", "text": "The name of each country where the drug has already been approved for marketing for any indication, the dates of approval, the indication for which the drug is approved, and the annual sales and number of prescriptions in each country since the first approval date.", "source": null}, {"label": "(8)", "text": "A report of an independent certified public accountant in accordance with Statement on Standards for Attestation established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants on agreed upon procedures performed with respect to the data estimates and justifications submitted pursuant to this section. Cost data shall be determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "A sponsor that is requesting orphan-drug designation for a drug designed to treat a disease or condition that affects 200,000 or more persons shall, at FDA's request, allow FDA or FDA-designated personnel to examine at reasonable times and in a reasonable manner all relevant financial records and sales data of the sponsor and manufacturer.", "source": null}]		§ 316.20			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		7 years	False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.21
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart C	Designation of an Orphan Drug	316.22	Permanent-resident agent for foreign sponsor.	Every foreign sponsor that seeks orphan-drug designation shall name a permanent resident of the United States as the sponsor's agent upon whom service of all processes, notices, orders, decisions, requirements, and other communications may be made on behalf of the sponsor. Notifications of changes in such agents or changes of address of agents should preferably be provided in advance, but not later than 60 days after the effective date of such changes. The permanent-resident agent may be an individual, firm, or domestic corporation and may represent any number of sponsors. The name of the permanent-resident agent shall be provided to: Office of Orphan Products Development (HF-35), Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.	regulation						(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		60 days	False	True	60 days	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.22
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart C	Designation of an Orphan Drug	316.23	Timing of requests for orphan-drug designation; designation of already approved drugs.	(a) A sponsor may request orphan-drug designation at any time in the drug development process prior to the submission of a marketing application for the drug product for the orphan indication. (b) A sponsor may request orphan-drug designation of an already approved drug product for an unapproved use without regard to whether the prior marketing approval was for an orphan-drug indication.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "A sponsor may request orphan-drug designation at any time in the drug development process prior to the submission of a marketing application for the drug product for the orphan indication.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "A sponsor may request orphan-drug designation of an already approved drug product for an unapproved use without regard to whether the prior marketing approval was for an orphan-drug indication.", "source": null}]					(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.23
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart C	Designation of an Orphan Drug	316.24	Granting orphan-drug designation.	(a) FDA will grant the request for orphan-drug designation if none of the reasons described in § 316.25 for requiring or permitting refusal to grant such a request applies. (b) When a request for orphan-drug designation is granted, FDA will notify the sponsor in writing and will publicize the orphan-drug designation in accordance with § 316.28.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "FDA will grant the request for orphan-drug designation if none of the reasons described in § 316.25 for requiring or permitting refusal to grant such a request applies.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "When a request for orphan-drug designation is granted, FDA will notify the sponsor in writing and will publicize the orphan-drug designation in accordance with § 316.28.", "source": null}]		§ 316.28.; § 316.25			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.24
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart C	Designation of an Orphan Drug	316.25	Refusal to grant orphan-drug designation.	(a) FDA will refuse to grant a request for orphan-drug designation if any of the following reasons apply: (1) The drug is not intended for a rare disease or condition because: (i) There is insufficient evidence to support the estimate that the drug is intended for treatment of a disease or condition in fewer than 200,000 people in the United States, or that the drug is intended for use in prevention or in diagnosis in fewer than 200,000 people annually in the United States; or (ii) Where the drug is intended for prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of a disease or condition affecting 200,000 or more people in the United States, the sponsor has failed to demonstrate that there is no reasonable expectation that development and production costs will be recovered from sales of the drug for the orphan indication in the United States. A sponsor's failure to comply with § 316.21 shall constitute a failure to make the demonstration required in this paragraph. (2) There is insufficient information about the drug, or the disease or condition for which it is intended, to establish a medically plausible basis for expecting the drug to be effective in the prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of that disease or condition. (3) A drug that is otherwise the same drug as one that already has orphan-drug exclusive approval for the same rare disease or condition and the sponsor has not submitted a medically plausible hypothesis for the possible clinical superiority of the subsequent drug. (b) FDA may refuse to grant a request for orphan-drug designation if the request for designation contains an untrue statement of material fact or omits material information.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "FDA will refuse to grant a request for orphan-drug designation if any of the following reasons apply:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The drug is not intended for a rare disease or condition because:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "There is insufficient evidence to support the estimate that the drug is intended for treatment of a disease or condition in fewer than 200,000 people in the United States, or that the drug is intended for use in prevention or in diagnosis in fewer than 200,000 people annually in the United States; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Where the drug is intended for prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of a disease or condition affecting 200,000 or more people in the United States, the sponsor has failed to demonstrate that there is no reasonable expectation that development and production costs will be recovered from sales of the drug for the orphan indication in the United States. A sponsor's failure to comply with § 316.21 shall constitute a failure to make the demonstration required in this paragraph.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "There is insufficient information about the drug, or the disease or condition for which it is intended, to establish a medically plausible basis for expecting the drug to be effective in the prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of that disease or condition.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "A drug that is otherwise the same drug as one that already has orphan-drug exclusive approval for the same rare disease or condition and the sponsor has not submitted a medically plausible hypothesis for the possible clinical superiority of the subsequent drug.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "FDA may refuse to grant a request for orphan-drug designation if the request for designation contains an untrue statement of material fact or omits material information.", "source": null}]		§ 316.21			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.25
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart C	Designation of an Orphan Drug	316.26	Amendment to orphan-drug designation.	(a) At any time prior to approval of a marketing application for a designated orphan drug, the sponsor holding designation may apply for an amendment to the indication stated in the orphan-drug designation if the proposed change is due to new and unexpected findings in research on the drugs, information arising from FDA recommendations, or unforeseen developments in treatment or diagnosis of the disease or condition. (b) FDA will grant the amendment if it finds that the initial designation request was made in good faith and that the amendment is intended to conform the orphan-drug designation indication to the results of unanticipated research findings, to unforeseen developments in the treatment or diagnosis of the disease or condition, or to changes based on FDA recommendations, and that, as of the date of the submission of the amendment request, the amendment would not result in exceeding the prevalence or cost recovery thresholds in § 316.21 (a)(1) or (a)(2) upon which the drug was originally designated.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "At any time prior to approval of a marketing application for a designated orphan drug, the sponsor holding designation may apply for an amendment to the indication stated in the orphan-drug designation if the proposed change is due to new and unexpected findings in research on the drugs, information arising from FDA recommendations, or unforeseen developments in treatment or diagnosis of the disease or condition.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "FDA will grant the amendment if it finds that the initial designation request was made in good faith and that the amendment is intended to conform the orphan-drug designation indication to the results of unanticipated research findings, to unforeseen developments in the treatment or diagnosis of the disease or condition, or to changes based on FDA recommendations, and that, as of the date of the submission of the amendment request, the amendment would not result in exceeding the prevalence or cost recovery thresholds in § 316.21 (a)(1) or (a)(2) upon which the drug was originally designated.", "source": null}]		§ 316.21			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.26
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart C	Designation of an Orphan Drug	316.27	Change in ownership of orphan-drug designation.	(a) A sponsor may transfer ownership of or any beneficial interest in the orphan-drug designation of a drug to a new sponsor. At the time of the transfer, the new and former owners are required to submit the following information to FDA: (1) The former owner or assignor of rights shall submit a letter or other document that states that all or some rights to the orphan-drug designation of the drug have been transferred to the new owner or assignee and that a complete copy of the request for orphan-drug designation, including any amendments to the request, supplements to the granted request, and correspondence relevant to the orphan-drug designation, has been provided to the new owner or assignee. (2) The new owner or assignee of rights shall submit a statement accepting orphan-drug designation and a letter or other document containing the following: (i) The date that the change in ownership or assignment of rights is effective; (ii) A statement that the new owner has a complete copy of the request for orphan-drug designation including any amendments to the request, supplements to the granted request, and correspondence relevant to the orphan-drug designation; and (iii) A specific description of the rights that have been assigned and those that have been reserved. This may be satisfied by the submission of either a list of rights assigned and reserved or copies of all relevant agreements between assignors and assignees; and (iv) The name and address of a new primary contact person or resident agent. (b) No sponsor may relieve itself of responsibilities under the Orphan Drug Act or under this part by assigning rights to another person without: (1) Assuring that the sponsor or the assignee will carry out such responsibilities; or (2) Obtaining prior permission from FDA.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "A sponsor may transfer ownership of or any beneficial interest in the orphan-drug designation of a drug to a new sponsor. At the time of the transfer, the new and former owners are required to submit the following information to FDA:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The former owner or assignor of rights shall submit a letter or other document that states that all or some rights to the orphan-drug designation of the drug have been transferred to the new owner or assignee and that a complete copy of the request for orphan-drug designation, including any amendments to the request, supplements to the granted request, and correspondence relevant to the orphan-drug designation, has been provided to the new owner or assignee.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The new owner or assignee of rights shall submit a statement accepting orphan-drug designation and a letter or other document containing the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The date that the change in ownership or assignment of rights is effective;", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "A statement that the new owner has a complete copy of the request for orphan-drug designation including any amendments to the request, supplements to the granted request, and correspondence relevant to the orphan-drug designation; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "A specific description of the rights that have been assigned and those that have been reserved. This may be satisfied by the submission of either a list of rights assigned and reserved or copies of all relevant agreements between assignors and assignees; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "The name and address of a new primary contact person or resident agent.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "No sponsor may relieve itself of responsibilities under the Orphan Drug Act or under this part by assigning rights to another person without:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Assuring that the sponsor or the assignee will carry out such responsibilities; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Obtaining prior permission from FDA.", "source": null}]			[57 FR 62085, Dec. 29, 1992; 58 FR 6167, Jan. 26, 1993]	Dec. 29, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.27
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart C	Designation of an Orphan Drug	316.28	Publication of orphan-drug designations.	Each month FDA will update a publically available list of drugs designated as orphan drugs. A cumulative, updated list of all designated drugs will be provided annually. These will be placed on file at the FDA Dockets Management Branch, and will contain the following information: (a) The name and address of the manufacturer and sponsor; (b) The generic name and trade name, if any, of the drug and the date of the granting of orphan-drug designation; (c) The rare disease or condition for which orphan-drug designation was granted; and (d) The proposed indication for use of the drug.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The name and address of the manufacturer and sponsor;", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The generic name and trade name, if any, of the drug and the date of the granting of orphan-drug designation;", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "The rare disease or condition for which orphan-drug designation was granted; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "The proposed indication for use of the drug.", "source": null}]					(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.28
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart C	Designation of an Orphan Drug	316.29	Revocation of orphan-drug designation.	(a) FDA may revoke orphan-drug designation for any drug if the agency finds that: (1) The request for designation contained an untrue statement of material fact; or (2) The request for designation omitted material information required by this part; or (3) FDA subsequently finds that the drug in fact had not been eligible for orphan-drug designation at the time of submission of the request therefor. (b) For an approved drug, revocation of orphan-drug designation also suspends or withdraws the sponsor's exclusive marketing rights for the drug but not the approval of the drug's marketing application. (c) Where a drug has been designated as an orphan drug because the prevalence of a disease or condition (or, in the case of vaccines, diagnostic drugs, or preventive drugs, the target population) is under 200,000 in the United States at the time of designation, its designation will not be revoked on the ground that the prevalence of the disease or condition (or the target population) becomes more than 200,000 persons.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "FDA may revoke orphan-drug designation for any drug if the agency finds that:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The request for designation contained an untrue statement of material fact; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The request for designation omitted material information required by this part; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "FDA subsequently finds that the drug in fact had not been eligible for orphan-drug designation at the time of submission of the request therefor.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "For an approved drug, revocation of orphan-drug designation also suspends or withdraws the sponsor's exclusive marketing rights for the drug but not the approval of the drug's marketing application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Where a drug has been designated as an orphan drug because the prevalence of a disease or condition (or, in the case of vaccines, diagnostic drugs, or preventive drugs, the target population) is under 200,000 in the United States at the time of designation, its designation will not be revoked on the ground that the prevalence of the disease or condition (or the target population) becomes more than 200,000 persons.", "source": null}]					(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.29
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart C	Designation of an Orphan Drug	316.30	Annual reports of holder of orphan-drug designation.	Within 14 months after the date on which a drug was designated as an orphan drug and annually thereafter until marketing approval, the sponsor of a designated drug shall submit a brief progress report to the FDA Office of Orphan Products Development on the drug that includes: (a) A short account of the progress of drug development including a review of preclinical and clinical studies initiated, ongoing, and completed and a short summary of the status or results of such studies. (b) A description of the investigational plan for the coming year, as well as any anticipated difficulties in development, testing, and marketing; and (c) A brief discussion of any changes that may affect the orphan-drug status of the product. For example, for products nearing the end of the approval process, sponsors should discuss any disparity between the probable marketing indication and the designated indication as related to the need for an amendment to the orphan-drug designation pursuant to § 316.26.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "A short account of the progress of drug development including a review of preclinical and clinical studies initiated, ongoing, and completed and a short summary of the status or results of such studies.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "A description of the investigational plan for the coming year, as well as any anticipated difficulties in development, testing, and marketing; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "A brief discussion of any changes that may affect the orphan-drug status of the product. For example, for products nearing the end of the approval process, sponsors should discuss any disparity between the probable marketing indication and the designated indication as related to the need for an amendment to the orphan-drug designation pursuant to § 316.26.", "source": null}]		§ 316.26.			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		14 months	False	True	within 14 month; 14 months	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.30
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart D	Orphan-drug Exclusive Approval	316.31	Scope of orphan-drug exclusive approval.	(a) After approval of a sponsor's marketing application for a designated orphan-drug product for treatment of the rare disease or condition concerning which orphan-drug designation was granted, FDA will not approve another sponsor's marketing application for the same drug before the expiration of 7 years from the date of such approval as stated in the approval letter from FDA, except that such a marketing application can be approved sooner if, and such time as, any of the following occurs: (1) Withdrawal of exclusive approval or revocation of orphan-drug designation by FDA under any provision of this part; or (2) Withdrawal for any reason of the marketing application for the drug in question; or (3) Consent by the holder of exclusive approval to permit another marketing application to gain approval; or (4) Failure of the holder of exclusive approval to assure a sufficient quantity of the drug under section 527 of the act and § 316.36. (b) If a sponsor's marketing application for a drug product is determined not to be approvable because approval is barred under section 527 of the act until the expiration of the period of exclusive marketing of another drug product, FDA will so notify the sponsor in writing.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "After approval of a sponsor's marketing application for a designated orphan-drug product for treatment of the rare disease or condition concerning which orphan-drug designation was granted, FDA will not approve another sponsor's marketing application for the same drug before the expiration of 7 years from the date of such approval as stated in the approval letter from FDA, except that such a marketing application can be approved sooner if, and such time as, any of the following occurs:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Withdrawal of exclusive approval or revocation of orphan-drug designation by FDA under any provision of this part; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Withdrawal for any reason of the marketing application for the drug in question; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Consent by the holder of exclusive approval to permit another marketing application to gain approval; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Failure of the holder of exclusive approval to assure a sufficient quantity of the drug under section 527 of the act and § 316.36.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "If a sponsor's marketing application for a drug product is determined not to be approvable because approval is barred under section 527 of the act until the expiration of the period of exclusive marketing of another drug product, FDA will so notify the sponsor in writing.", "source": null}]		§ 316.36.			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False		7 years	False	True	7 years	CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.31
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart D	Orphan-drug Exclusive Approval	316.34	FDA recognition of exclusive approval.	(a) FDA will send the sponsor (or, the permanent-resident agent, if applicable) timely written notice recognizing exclusive approval once the marketing application for a designated orphan-drug product has been approved. The written notice will inform the sponsor of the requirements for maintaining orphan-drug exclusive approval for the full 7-year term of exclusive approval. (b) When a marketing application is approved for a designated orphan drug that qualifies for exclusive approval, FDA will publish in its publication entitled “Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations” information identifying the sponsor, the drug, and the date of termination of the orphan-drug exclusive approval. A subscription to this publication and its monthly cumulative supplements is available from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "FDA will send the sponsor (or, the permanent-resident agent, if applicable) timely written notice recognizing exclusive approval once the marketing application for a designated orphan-drug product has been approved. The written notice will inform the sponsor of the requirements for maintaining orphan-drug exclusive approval for the full 7-year term of exclusive approval.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "When a marketing application is approved for a designated orphan drug that qualifies for exclusive approval, FDA will publish in its publication entitled “Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations” information identifying the sponsor, the drug, and the date of termination of the orphan-drug exclusive approval. A subscription to this publication and its monthly cumulative supplements is available from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325.", "source": null}]					(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.34
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart D	Orphan-drug Exclusive Approval	316.36	Insufficient quantities of orphan drugs.	(a) Under section 527 of the act, whenever the Director has reason to believe that the holder of exclusive approval cannot assure the availability of sufficient quantities of an orphan drug to meet the needs of patients with the disease or condition for which the drug was designated, the Director will so notify the holder of this possible insufficiency and will offer the holder one of the following options, which must be exercised by a time that the Director specifies: (1) Provide the Director in writing, or orally, or both, at the Director's discretion, views and data as to how the holder can assure the availability of sufficient quantities of the orphan drug within a reasonable time to meet the needs of patients with the disease or condition for which the drug was designated; or (2) Provide the Director in writing the holder's consent for the approval of other marketing applications for the same drug before the expiration of the 7-year period of exclusive approval. (b) If, within the time that the Director specifies, the holder fails to consent to the approval of other marketing applications and if the Director finds that the holder has not shown that it can assure the availability of sufficient quantities of the orphan drug to meet the needs of patients with the disease or condition for which the drug was designated, the Director will issue a written order withdrawing the drug product's exclusive approval. This order will embody the Director's findings and conclusions and will constitute final agency action. An order withdrawing the sponsor's exclusive marketing rights may issue whether or not there are other sponsors that can assure the availability of alternative sources of supply. Once withdrawn under this section, exclusive approval may not be reinstated for that drug.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Under section 527 of the act, whenever the Director has reason to believe that the holder of exclusive approval cannot assure the availability of sufficient quantities of an orphan drug to meet the needs of patients with the disease or condition for which the drug was designated, the Director will so notify the holder of this possible insufficiency and will offer the holder one of the following options, which must be exercised by a time that the Director specifies:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Provide the Director in writing, or orally, or both, at the Director's discretion, views and data as to how the holder can assure the availability of sufficient quantities of the orphan drug within a reasonable time to meet the needs of patients with the disease or condition for which the drug was designated; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Provide the Director in writing the holder's consent for the approval of other marketing applications for the same drug before the expiration of the 7-year period of exclusive approval.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "If, within the time that the Director specifies, the holder fails to consent to the approval of other marketing applications and if the Director finds that the holder has not shown that it can assure the availability of sufficient quantities of the orphan drug to meet the needs of patients with the disease or condition for which the drug was designated, the Director will issue a written order withdrawing the drug product's exclusive approval. This order will embody the Director's findings and conclusions and will constitute final agency action. An order withdrawing the sponsor's exclusive marketing rights may issue whether or not there are other sponsors that can assure the availability of alternative sources of supply. Once withdrawn under this section, exclusive approval may not be reinstated for that drug.", "source": null}]					(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.36
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart E	Open Protocols for Investigations	316.40	Treatment use of a designated orphan drug.	Prospective investigators seeking to obtain treatment use of designated orphan drugs may do so as provided in § 312.34 of this chapter.	regulation			§ 312.34			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.40
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart F	Availability of Information	316.50	Guidelines.	FDA's Office of Orphan Products Development will maintain and make publicly available a list of guidelines that apply to the regulations in this part. The list states how a person can obtain a copy of each guideline. A request for a copy of the list or for any guideline should be directed to the Office of Orphan Products Development (HF-35), Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.	regulation						(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.50
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	316	ORPHAN DRUGS	Subpart F	Availability of Information	316.52	Availability for public disclosure of data and information in requests and applications.	(a) FDA will not publicly disclose the existence of a request for orphan-drug designation under section 526 of the act prior to final FDA action on the request unless the existence of the request has been previously publicly disclosed or acknowledged. (b) Whether or not the existence of a pending request for designation has been publicly disclosed or acknowledged, no data or information in the request are available for public disclosure prior to final FDA action on the request. (c) Upon final FDA action on a request for designation, FDA will determine the public availability of data and information in the request in accordance with part 20 and § 314.430 of this chapter and other applicable statutes and regulations. (d) In accordance with § 316.28, FDA will make a cumulative list of all orphan drug designations available to the public and update such list monthly. (e) FDA will not publicly disclose the existence of a pending marketing application for a designated orphan drug for the use for which the drug was designated unless the existence of the application has been previously publicly disclosed or acknowledged. (f) FDA will determine the public availability of data and information contained in pending and approved marketing applications for a designated orphan drug for the use for which the drug was designated in accordance with part 20 and § 314.430 of this chapter and other applicable statutes and regulations.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "FDA will not publicly disclose the existence of a request for orphan-drug designation under section 526 of the act prior to final FDA action on the request unless the existence of the request has been previously publicly disclosed or acknowledged.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Whether or not the existence of a pending request for designation has been publicly disclosed or acknowledged, no data or information in the request are available for public disclosure prior to final FDA action on the request.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Upon final FDA action on a request for designation, FDA will determine the public availability of data and information in the request in accordance with part 20 and § 314.430 of this chapter and other applicable statutes and regulations.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "In accordance with § 316.28, FDA will make a cumulative list of all orphan drug designations available to the public and update such list monthly.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "FDA will not publicly disclose the existence of a pending marketing application for a designated orphan drug for the use for which the drug was designated unless the existence of the application has been previously publicly disclosed or acknowledged.", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "FDA will determine the public availability of data and information contained in pending and approved marketing applications for a designated orphan drug for the use for which the drug was designated in accordance with part 20 and § 314.430 of this chapter and other applicable statutes and regulations.", "source": null}]		§ 316.28; § 314.430			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:316:316.52
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	320	BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE REQUIREMENTS	Subpart A	General Provisions	320.1	Definitions.	(a) Bioavailability means the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a drug product and becomes available at the site of action. For drug products that are not intended to be absorbed into the bloodstream, bioavailability may be assessed by measurements intended to reflect the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety becomes available at the site of action. (b) Drug product means a finished dosage form, e.g., tablet, capsule, or solution, that contains the active drug ingredient, generally, but not necessarily, in association with inactive ingredients. (c) Pharmaceutical equivalents means drug products that contain identical amounts of the identical active drug ingredient, i.e., the same sat or ester of the same therapeutic moiety, in identical dosage forms, but not necessarily containing the same inactive ingredients, and that meet the identical compendial or other applicable standard of identity, strength, quality, and purity, including potency and, where applicable, content uniformity, disintegration times and/or dissolution rates. (d) Pharmaceutical alternatives means drug products that contain the identical therapeutic moiety, or its precursor, but not necessarily in the same amount or dosage form or as the same salt or ester. Each such drug product individually meets either the identical or its own respective compendial or other applicable standard of identity, strength, quality, and purity, including potency and, where applicable, content uniformity, disintegration times and/or dissolution rates. (e) Bioequivalence means the absence of a significant difference in the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety in pharmaceutical equivalents or pharmaceutical alternatives becomes available at the site of drug action when administered at the same molar dose under similar conditions in an appropriately designed study. Where there is an intentional difference in rate (e.g., in certain controlled release dosage forms), certain pharmaceutical equivalents or alternatives may be considered bioequivalent if there is no significant difference in the extent to which the active ingredient or moiety from each product becomes available at the site of drug action. This applies only if the difference in the rate at which the active ingredient or moiety becomes available at the site of drug action is intentional and is reflected in the proposed labeling, is not essential to the attainment of effective body drug concentrations on chronic use, and is considered medically insignificant for the drug. (f) Bioequivalence requirement means a requirement imposed by the Food and Drug Administration for in vitro and/or in vivo testing of specified drug products which must be satisfied as a condition of marketing.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Bioavailability means the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a drug product and becomes available at the site of action. For drug products that are not intended to be absorbed into the bloodstream, bioavailability may be assessed by measurements intended to reflect the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety becomes available at the site of action.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Drug product means a finished dosage form, e.g., tablet, capsule, or solution, that contains the active drug ingredient, generally, but not necessarily, in association with inactive ingredients.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Pharmaceutical equivalents means drug products that contain identical amounts of the identical active drug ingredient, i.e., the same sat or ester of the same therapeutic moiety, in identical dosage forms, but not necessarily containing the same inactive ingredients, and that meet the identical compendial or other applicable standard of identity, strength, quality, and purity, including potency and, where applicable, content uniformity, disintegration times and/or dissolution rates.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Pharmaceutical alternatives means drug products that contain the identical therapeutic moiety, or its precursor, but not necessarily in the same amount or dosage form or as the same salt or ester. Each such drug product individually meets either the identical or its own respective compendial or other applicable standard of identity, strength, quality, and purity, including potency and, where applicable, content uniformity, disintegration times and/or dissolution rates.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Bioequivalence means the absence of a significant difference in the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety in pharmaceutical equivalents or pharmaceutical alternatives becomes available at the site of drug action when administered at the same molar dose under similar conditions in an appropriately designed study. Where there is an intentional difference in rate (e.g., in certain controlled release dosage forms), certain pharmaceutical equivalents or alternatives may be considered bioequivalent if there is no significant difference in the extent to which the active ingredient or moiety from each product becomes available at the site of drug action. This applies only if the difference in the rate at which the active ingredient or moiety becomes available at the site of drug action is intentional and is reflected in the proposed labeling, is not essential to the attainment of effective body drug concentrations on chronic use, and is considered medically insignific", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "Bioequivalence requirement means a requirement imposed by the Food and Drug Administration for in vitro and/or in vivo testing of specified drug products which must be satisfied as a condition of marketing.", "source": null}]			[42 FR 1634, Jan. 7, 1977, as amended at 42 FR 1648, Jan. 7, 1977; 57 FR 17997, Apr. 28, 1992]	Jan. 7, 1977	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	True	Pharmaceutical alternatives; Pharmaceutical equivalents; Drug product; Bioequivalence requirement		False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:320:320.1
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	320	BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE REQUIREMENTS	Subpart B	Procedures for Determining the Bioavailability or Bioequivalence of Drug Products	320.21	Requirements for submission of in vivo bioavailability and bioequivalence data.	(a) Any person submitting a full new drug application to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) shall include in the application either: (1) Evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability of the drug product that is the subject of the application; or (2) Information to permit FDA to waive the submission of evidence demonstrating in vivo bioavailability. (b) Any person submitting an abbreviated new drug application to FDA shall include in the application either: (1) Evidence demonstrating that the drug product that is the subject of the abbreviated new drug application is bioequivalent to the reference listed drug (defined in § 314.3(b)); or (2) Information to show that the drug product is bioequivalent to the reference listed drug which would permit FDA to waive the submission of evidence demonstrating bioequivalence as provided in paragraph (f) of this section. (c) Any person submitting a supplemental application to FDA shall include in the supplemental application the evidence or information set forth in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section if the supplemental application proposes any of the following changes: (1) A change in the manufacturing process, including a change in product formulation or dosage strength, beyond the variations provided for in the approved application. (2) A change in the labeling to provide for a new indication for use of the drug product, if clinical studies are required to support the new indication for use. (3) A change in the labeling to provide for a new dosage regimen or for an additional dosage regimen for a special patient population, e.g., infants, if clinical studies are required to support the new or additional dosage regimen. (d) FDA may approve a full new drug application, or a supplemental application proposing any of the changes set forth in paragraph (c) of this section, that does not contain evidence of in vivo bioavailability or information to permit waiver of the requirement for in vivo bioavailability data, if all of the following conditions are met. (1) The application was under review by FDA on July 7, 1977. (2) The application is otherwise approvable. (3) The application agrees to submit, within the time specified by FDA, either: (i) Evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability of the drug product that is the subject of the application; or (ii) Information to permit FDA to waive demonstration of in vivo bioavailability. (e) Evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability and bioequivalence of a drug product shall be obtained using one of the approaches for determining bioavailability set forth in § 320.24. (f) Information to permit FDA to waive the submission of evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence shall meet the criteria set forth in § 320.24. (g) Any person holding an approved full or abbreviated new drug application shall submit to FDA a supplemental application containing new evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence of the drug product that is the subject of the application if notified by FDA that: (1) There are data demonstrating that the dosage regimen in the labeling is based on incorrect assumptions or facts regarding the pharmacokinetics of the drug product and that following this dosage regimen could potentially result in subtherapeutic or toxic levels; or (2) There are data demonstrating significant intra-batch and batch-to-batch variability, e.g., plus or minus 25 percent, in the bioavailability of the drug product. (h) The requirements of this section regarding the submission of evidence demonstrating in vivo bioavailability and bioequivalence apply only to a full or abbreviated new drug application or a supplemental application for a finished dosage formulation.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Any person submitting a full new drug application to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) shall include in the application either:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability of the drug product that is the subject of the application; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Information to permit FDA to waive the submission of evidence demonstrating in vivo bioavailability.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Any person submitting an abbreviated new drug application to FDA shall include in the application either:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "Evidence demonstrating that the drug product that is the subject of the abbreviated new drug application is bioequivalent to the reference listed drug (defined in § 314.3(b)); or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Information to show that the drug product is bioequivalent to the reference listed drug which would permit FDA to waive the submission of evidence demonstrating bioequivalence as provided in paragraph (f) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Any person submitting a supplemental application to FDA shall include in the supplemental application the evidence or information set forth in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section if the supplemental application proposes any of the following changes:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "A change in the manufacturing process, including a change in product formulation or dosage strength, beyond the variations provided for in the approved application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "A change in the labeling to provide for a new indication for use of the drug product, if clinical studies are required to support the new indication for use.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "A change in the labeling to provide for a new dosage regimen or for an additional dosage regimen for a special patient population, e.g., infants, if clinical studies are required to support the new or additional dosage regimen.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "FDA may approve a full new drug application, or a supplemental application proposing any of the changes set forth in paragraph (c) of this section, that does not contain evidence of in vivo bioavailability or information to permit waiver of the requirement for in vivo bioavailability data, if all of the following conditions are met.", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The application was under review by FDA on July 7, 1977.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The application is otherwise approvable.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The application agrees to submit, within the time specified by FDA, either:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability of the drug product that is the subject of the application; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Information to permit FDA to waive demonstration of in vivo bioavailability.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability and bioequivalence of a drug product shall be obtained using one of the approaches for determining bioavailability set forth in § 320.24.", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "Information to permit FDA to waive the submission of evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence shall meet the criteria set forth in § 320.24.", "source": null}, {"label": "(g)", "text": "Any person holding an approved full or abbreviated new drug application shall submit to FDA a supplemental application containing new evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence of the drug product that is the subject of the application if notified by FDA that:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "There are data demonstrating that the dosage regimen in the labeling is based on incorrect assumptions or facts regarding the pharmacokinetics of the drug product and that following this dosage regimen could potentially result in subtherapeutic or toxic levels; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "There are data demonstrating significant intra-batch and batch-to-batch variability, e.g., plus or minus 25 percent, in the bioavailability of the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(h)", "text": "The requirements of this section regarding the submission of evidence demonstrating in vivo bioavailability and bioequivalence apply only to a full or abbreviated new drug application or a supplemental application for a finished dosage formulation.", "source": null}]		§ 314.3; § 320.24.	[57 FR 17998, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:320:320.21
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	320	BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE REQUIREMENTS	Subpart B	Procedures for Determining the Bioavailability or Bioequivalence of Drug Products	320.22	Criteria for waiver of evidence of in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence.	(a) Any person submitting a full or abbreviated new drug application, or a supplemental application proposing any of the changes set forth in § 320.21(c), may request FDA to waive the requirement for the submission of evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence of the drug product that is the subject of the application. An applicant shall submit a request for waiver with the application. Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, FDA shall waive the requirement for the submission of evidence of in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence if the drug product meets any of the provisions of paragraphs (b), (c), (d), or (e) of this section. (b) For certain drug products, the in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence of the drug product may be self-evident. FDA shall waive the requirement for the submission of evidence obtained in vivo demonstrating the bioavailability or bioequivalence of these drug products. A drug product's in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence may be considered self-evident based on other data in the application if the product meets one of the following criteria: (1) The drug product: (i) Is a parenteral solution intended solely for administration by injection, or an ophthalmic or otic solution; and (ii) Contains the same active and inactive ingredients in the same concentration as a drug product that is the subject of an approved full new drug application. (2) The drug product: (i) Is administered by inhalation as a gas, e.g., a medicinal or an inhalation anesthetic; and (ii) Contains an active ingredient in the same dosage form as a drug product that is the subject of an approved full new drug application. (3) The drug product: (i) Is a solution for application to the skin, an oral solution, elixir, syrup, tincture, or similar other solubilized form. (ii) Contains an active drug ingredient in the same concentration and dosage form as a drug product that is the subject of an approved full new drug application; and (iii) Contains no inactive ingredient or other change in formulation from the drug product that is the subject of the approved full new drug application that may significantly affect absorption of the active drug ingredient or active moiety. (c) FDA shall waive the requirement for the submission of evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability of a solid oral dosage form (other than an enteric coated or controlled release dosage form) of a drug product determined to be effective for at least one indication in a Drug Efficacy Study Implementation notice or which is identical, related, or similar to such a drug product under § 310.6 of this chapter unless FDA has evaluated the drug product under the criteria set forth in § 320.32, included the drug product in the Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations List, and rated the drug product as having a known or potential bioequivalence problem. A drug product so rated reflects a determination by FDA that an in vivo bioequivalence study is required. (d) For certain drug products, bioavailability or bioequivalence may be demonstrated by evidence obtained in vitro in lieu of in vivo data. FDA shall waive the requirement for the submission of evidence obtained in vivo demonstrating the bioavailability of the drug product if the drug product meets one of the following criteria: (1) [Reserved] (2) The drug product is in the same dosage form, but in a different strength, and is proportionally similar in its active and inactive ingredients to another drug product for which the same manufacturer has obtained approval and the conditions in paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (d)(2)(iii) of this section are met: (i) The bioavailability of this other drug product has been demonstrated; (ii) Both drug products meet an appropriate in vitro test approved by FDA; and (iii) The applicant submits evidence showing that both drug products are proportionally similar in their active and inactive ingredients. (iv) This subparagraph does not apply to enteric coated or controlled release dosage forms. (3) The drug product is, on the basis of scientific evidence submitted in the application, shown to meet an in vitro test that has been correlated with in vivo data. (4) The drug product is a reformulated product that is identical, except for a different color, flavor, or preservative that could not affect the bioavailability of the reformulated product, to another drug product for which the same manufacturer has obtained approval and the following conditions are met: (i) The bioavailability of the other product has been demonstrated; and (ii) Both drug products meet an appropriate in vitro test approved by FDA. (e) FDA, for good cause, may waive a requirement for the submission of evidence of in vivo bioavailability if waiver is compatible with the protection of the public health. For full new drug applications, FDA may defer a requirement for the submission of evidence of in vivo bioavailability if deferral is compatible with the protection of the public health. (f) FDA, for good cause, may require evidence of in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence for any drug product if the agency determines that any difference between the drug product and a listed drug may affect the bioavailability or bioequivalence of the drug product.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Any person submitting a full or abbreviated new drug application, or a supplemental application proposing any of the changes set forth in § 320.21(c), may request FDA to waive the requirement for the submission of evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence of the drug product that is the subject of the application. An applicant shall submit a request for waiver with the application. Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, FDA shall waive the requirement for the submission of evidence of in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence if the drug product meets any of the provisions of paragraphs (b), (c), (d), or (e) of this section.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "For certain drug products, the in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence of the drug product may be self-evident. FDA shall waive the requirement for the submission of evidence obtained in vivo demonstrating the bioavailability or bioequivalence of these drug products. A drug product's in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence may be considered self-evident based on other data in the application if the product meets one of the following criteria:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The drug product:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Is a parenteral solution intended solely for administration by injection, or an ophthalmic or otic solution; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Contains the same active and inactive ingredients in the same concentration as a drug product that is the subject of an approved full new drug application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The drug product:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Is administered by inhalation as a gas, e.g., a medicinal or an inhalation anesthetic; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Contains an active ingredient in the same dosage form as a drug product that is the subject of an approved full new drug application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The drug product:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Is a solution for application to the skin, an oral solution, elixir, syrup, tincture, or similar other solubilized form.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Contains an active drug ingredient in the same concentration and dosage form as a drug product that is the subject of an approved full new drug application; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "Contains no inactive ingredient or other change in formulation from the drug product that is the subject of the approved full new drug application that may significantly affect absorption of the active drug ingredient or active moiety.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "FDA shall waive the requirement for the submission of evidence demonstrating the in vivo bioavailability of a solid oral dosage form (other than an enteric coated or controlled release dosage form) of a drug product determined to be effective for at least one indication in a Drug Efficacy Study Implementation notice or which is identical, related, or similar to such a drug product under § 310.6 of this chapter unless FDA has evaluated the drug product under the criteria set forth in § 320.32, included the drug product in the Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations List, and rated the drug product as having a known or potential bioequivalence problem. A drug product so rated reflects a determination by FDA that an in vivo bioequivalence study is required.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "For certain drug products, bioavailability or bioequivalence may be demonstrated by evidence obtained in vitro in lieu of in vivo data. FDA shall waive the requirement for the submission of evidence obtained in vivo demonstrating the bioavailability of the drug product if the drug product meets one of the following criteria:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "[Reserved]", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The drug product is in the same dosage form, but in a different strength, and is proportionally similar in its active and inactive ingredients to another drug product for which the same manufacturer has obtained approval and the conditions in paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (d)(2)(iii) of this section are met:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The bioavailability of this other drug product has been demonstrated;", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Both drug products meet an appropriate in vitro test approved by FDA; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "The applicant submits evidence showing that both drug products are proportionally similar in their active and inactive ingredients.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "This subparagraph does not apply to enteric coated or controlled release dosage forms.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The drug product is, on the basis of scientific evidence submitted in the application, shown to meet an in vitro test that has been correlated with in vivo data.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "The drug product is a reformulated product that is identical, except for a different color, flavor, or preservative that could not affect the bioavailability of the reformulated product, to another drug product for which the same manufacturer has obtained approval and the following conditions are met:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The bioavailability of the other product has been demonstrated; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Both drug products meet an appropriate in vitro test approved by FDA.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "FDA, for good cause, may waive a requirement for the submission of evidence of in vivo bioavailability if waiver is compatible with the protection of the public health. For full new drug applications, FDA may defer a requirement for the submission of evidence of in vivo bioavailability if deferral is compatible with the protection of the public health.", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "FDA, for good cause, may require evidence of in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence for any drug product if the agency determines that any difference between the drug product and a listed drug may affect the bioavailability or bioequivalence of the drug product.", "source": null}]		§ 310.6; § 320.21; § 320.32	[57 FR 17998, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:320:320.22
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	320	BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE REQUIREMENTS	Subpart B	Procedures for Determining the Bioavailability or Bioequivalence of Drug Products	320.23	Basis for demonstrating in vivo bioavailability or bioequivalence.	(a)(1) The in vivo bioavailability of a drug product is demonstrated if the product's rate and extent of absorption, as determined by comparison of measured parameters, e.g., concentration of the active drug ingredient in the blood, urinary excretion rates, or pharmacological effects, do not indicate a significant difference from the reference material's rate and extent of absorption. For drug products that are not intended to be absorbed into the bloodstream, bioavailability may be assessed by measurements intended to reflect the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety becomes available at the site of action. (2) Statistical techniques used shall be of sufficient sensitivity to detect differences in rate and extent of absorption that are not attributable to subject variability. (3) A drug product that differs from the reference material in its rate of absorption, but not in its extent of absorption, may be considered to be bioavailable if the difference in the rate of absorption is intentional, is appropriately reflected in the labeling, is not essential to the attainment of effective body drug concentrations on chronic use, and is considered medically insignificant for the drug product. (b) Two drug products will be considered bioequivalent drug products if they are pharmaceutical equivalents or pharmaceutical alternatives whose rate and extent of absorption do not show a significant difference when administered at the same molar dose of the active moiety under similar experimental conditions, either single dose or multiple dose. Some pharmaceutical equivalents or pharmaceutical alternatives may be equivalent in the extent of their absorption but not in their rate of absorption and yet may be considered bioequivalent because such differences in the rate of absorption are intentional and are reflected in the labeling, are not essential to the attainment of effective body drug concentrations on chronic use, and are considered medically insignificant for the particular drug product studied.	regulation	[{"label": "(2)", "text": "Statistical techniques used shall be of sufficient sensitivity to detect differences in rate and extent of absorption that are not attributable to subject variability.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "A drug product that differs from the reference material in its rate of absorption, but not in its extent of absorption, may be considered to be bioavailable if the difference in the rate of absorption is intentional, is appropriately reflected in the labeling, is not essential to the attainment of effective body drug concentrations on chronic use, and is considered medically insignificant for the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Two drug products will be considered bioequivalent drug products if they are pharmaceutical equivalents or pharmaceutical alternatives whose rate and extent of absorption do not show a significant difference when administered at the same molar dose of the active moiety under similar experimental conditions, either single dose or multiple dose. Some pharmaceutical equivalents or pharmaceutical alternatives may be equivalent in the extent of their absorption but not in their rate of absorption and yet may be considered bioequivalent because such differences in the rate of absorption are intentional and are reflected in the labeling, are not essential to the attainment of effective body drug concentrations on chronic use, and are considered medically insignificant for the particular drug product studied.", "source": null}]			[57 FR 17999, Apr. 28, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:320:320.23
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	320	BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE REQUIREMENTS	Subpart B	Procedures for Determining the Bioavailability or Bioequivalence of Drug Products	320.24	Types of evidence to establish bioavailability or bioequivalence.	(a) Bioavailability or bioequivalence may be determined by several in vivo and in vitro methods. FDA may require in vivo or in vitro testing, or both, to establish the bioavailability of a drug product or the bioequivalence of specific drug products. Information on bioequivalence requirements for specific products is included in the current edition of FDA's publication “Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations” and any current supplement to the publication. The selection of the method used to meet an in vivo or in vitro testing requirement depends upon the purpose of the study, the analytical methods available, and the nature of the drug product. Applicants shall conduct bioavailability and bioequivalence testing using the most accurate, sensitive, and reproducible approach available among those set forth in paragraph (b) of this section. The method used must be capable of demonstrating bioavailability or bioequivalence, as appropriate, for the product being tested. (b) The following in vivo and in vitro approaches, in descending order of accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility, are acceptable for determining the bioavailability or bioequivalence of a drug product. (1)(i) An in vivo test in humans in which the concentration of the active ingredient or active moiety, and, when appropriate, its active metabolite(s), in whole blood, plasma, serum, or other appropriate biological fluid is measured as a function of time. This approach is particularly applicable to dosage forms intended to deliver the active moiety to the bloodstream for systemic distribution within the body; or (ii) An in vitro test that has been correlated with and is predictive of human in vivo bioavailability data; or (iii) An in vivo test in animals that has been correlated with and is predictive of human bioavailability data. (2) An in vivo test in humans in which the urinary excretion of the active moiety, and, when appropriate, its active metabolite(s), are measured as a function of time. The intervals at which measurements are taken should ordinarily be as short as possible so that the measure of the rate of elimination is as accurate as possible. Depending on the nature of the drug product, this approach may be applicable to the category of dosage forms described in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section. This method is not appropriate where urinary excretion is not a significant mechanism of elimination. (3) An in vivo test in humans in which an appropriate acute pharmacological effect of the active moiety, and, when appropriate, its active metabolite(s), are measured as a function of time if such effect can be measured with sufficient accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility. This approach is applicable to the category of dosage forms described in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section only when appropriate methods are not available for measurement of the concentration of the moiety, and, when appropriate, its active metabolite(s), in biological fluids or excretory products but a method is available for the measurement of an appropriate acute pharmacological effect. This approach may be particularly applicable to dosage forms that are not intended to deliver the active moiety to the bloodstream for systemic distribution. (4) Well-controlled clinical trials in humans that establish the safety and effectiveness of the drug product, for purposes of establishing bioavailability, or appropriately designed comparative clinical trials, for purposes of demonstrating bioequivalence. This approach is the least accurate, sensitive, and reproducible of the general approaches for determining bioavailability or bioequivalence. For dosage forms intended to deliver the active moiety to the bloodstream for systemic distribution, this approach may be considered acceptable only when analytical methods cannot be developed to permit use of one of the approaches outlined in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (b)(2) of this section, when the approaches described in paragraphs (b)(1)(ii), (b)(1)(iii), and (b)(3) of this section are not available. This approach may also be considered sufficiently accurate for determining the bioavailability or bioequivalence of dosage forms intended to deliver the active moiety locally, e.g., topical preparations for the skin, eye, and mucous membranes; oral dosage forms not intended to be absorbed, e.g., an antacid or radiopaque medium; and bronchodilators administered by inhalation if the onset and duration of pharmacological activity are defined. (5) A currently available in vitro test acceptable to FDA (unusually a dissolution rate test) that ensures human in vivo bioavailability. (6) Any other approach deemed adequate by FDA to establish bioavailability or bioequivalence. (c) FDA may, notwithstanding prior requirements for establishing bioavailability or bioequivalence, require in vivo testing in humans of a product at any time if the agency has evidence that the product: (1) May not produce therapeutic effects comparable to a pharmaceutical equivalent or alternative with which it is intended to be used interchangeably; (2) May not be bioequivalent to a pharmaceutical equivalent or alternative with which it is intended to be used interchangeably; or (3) Has greater than anticipated potential toxicity related to pharmacokinetic or other characteristics.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Bioavailability or bioequivalence may be determined by several in vivo and in vitro methods. FDA may require in vivo or in vitro testing, or both, to establish the bioavailability of a drug product or the bioequivalence of specific drug products. Information on bioequivalence requirements for specific products is included in the current edition of FDA's publication “Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations” and any current supplement to the publication. The selection of the method used to meet an in vivo or in vitro testing requirement depends upon the purpose of the study, the analytical methods available, and the nature of the drug product. Applicants shall conduct bioavailability and bioequivalence testing using the most accurate, sensitive, and reproducible approach available among those set forth in paragraph (b) of this section. The method used must be capable of demonstrating bioavailability or bioequivalence, as appropriate, for the product being tested.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "The following in vivo and in vitro approaches, in descending order of accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility, are acceptable for determining the bioavailability or bioequivalence of a drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "An in vitro test that has been correlated with and is predictive of human in vivo bioavailability data; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "An in vivo test in animals that has been correlated with and is predictive of human bioavailability data.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "An in vivo test in humans in which the urinary excretion of the active moiety, and, when appropriate, its active metabolite(s), are measured as a function of time. The intervals at which measurements are taken should ordinarily be as short as possible so that the measure of the rate of elimination is as accurate as possible. Depending on the nature of the drug product, this approach may be applicable to the category of dosage forms described in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section. This method is not appropriate where urinary excretion is not a significant mechanism of elimination.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "An in vivo test in humans in which an appropriate acute pharmacological effect of the active moiety, and, when appropriate, its active metabolite(s), are measured as a function of time if such effect can be measured with sufficient accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility. This approach is applicable to the category of dosage forms described in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section only when appropriate methods are not available for measurement of the concentration of the moiety, and, when appropriate, its active metabolite(s), in biological fluids or excretory products but a method is available for the measurement of an appropriate acute pharmacological effect. This approach may be particularly applicable to dosage forms that are not intended to deliver the active moiety to the bloodstream for systemic distribution.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Well-controlled clinical trials in humans that establish the safety and effectiveness of the drug product, for purposes of establishing bioavailability, or appropriately designed comparative clinical trials, for purposes of demonstrating bioequivalence. This approach is the least accurate, sensitive, and reproducible of the general approaches for determining bioavailability or bioequivalence. For dosage forms intended to deliver the active moiety to the bloodstream for systemic distribution, this approach may be considered acceptable only when analytical methods cannot be developed to permit use of one of the approaches outlined in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (b)(2) of this section, when the approaches described in paragraphs (b)(1)(ii), (b)(1)(iii), and (b)(3) of this section are not available. This approach may also be considered sufficiently accurate for determining the bioavailability or bioequivalence of dosage forms intended to deliver the active moiety locally, e.g., topical prepar", "source": null}, {"label": "(5)", "text": "A currently available in vitro test acceptable to FDA (unusually a dissolution rate test) that ensures human in vivo bioavailability.", "source": null}, {"label": "(6)", "text": "Any other approach deemed adequate by FDA to establish bioavailability or bioequivalence.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "FDA may, notwithstanding prior requirements for establishing bioavailability or bioequivalence, require in vivo testing in humans of a product at any time if the agency has evidence that the product:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "May not produce therapeutic effects comparable to a pharmaceutical equivalent or alternative with which it is intended to be used interchangeably;", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "May not be bioequivalent to a pharmaceutical equivalent or alternative with which it is intended to be used interchangeably; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Has greater than anticipated potential toxicity related to pharmacokinetic or other characteristics.", "source": null}]			[57 FR 17999, Apr. 28, 1992; 57 FR 29354, July 1, 1992]	Apr. 28, 1992	(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:320:320.24
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	320	BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE REQUIREMENTS	Subpart B	Procedures for Determining the Bioavailability or Bioequivalence of Drug Products	320.25	Guidelines for the conduct of an in vivo bioavailability study.	(a) Guiding principles. (1) The basic principle in an in vivo bioavailability study is that no unnecessary human research should be done. (2) An in vivo bioavailability study shall not be conducted in humans if an appropriate animal model exists and correlation of results in animals and humans has been demonstrated. If an appropriate animal model does not exist, however, an in vivo bioavailability study shall ordinarily be done in normal adults under standardized conditions. (3) In some situations, an in vivo bioavailability study in humans may preferably and more properly be done in suitable patients. Critically ill patients shall not be included in an in vivo bioavailability study unless the attending physician determines that there is a potential benefit to the patient. (b) Basic design. The basic design of an in vivo bioavailability study is determined by the following: (1) The scientific questions to be answered. (2) The nature of the reference material and the dosage form to be tested. (3) The availability of analytical methods. (4) Benefit-risk considerations in regard to testing in humans. (c) Comparison to a reference material. In vivo bioavailability testing of a drug product shall be in comparison to an appropriate reference material unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons. (d) Previously unmarketed active drug ingredients or therapeutic moieties. (1) The purpose of an in vivo bioavailability study involving a drug product containing an active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety that has not been approved for marketing is to determine: (i) The bioavailability of the formulation proposed for marketing; and (ii) The essential pharmacokinetic characteristics of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, such as the rate of absorption, the extent of absorption, the half-life of the therapeutic moiety in vivo, and the rate of excretion and/or metabolism. Dose proportionality of the active drug ingredient or the therapeutic moiety needs to be established after single-dose administration and in certain instances after multiple-dose administration. This characterization is a necessary part of the investigation of the drug to support drug labeling. (2) The reference material in such a bioavailability study should be a solution or suspension containing the same quantity of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety as the formulation proposed for marketing. (3) The reference material should be administered by the same route as the formulation proposed for marketing unless an alternative or additional route is necessary to answer the scientific question under study. For example, in the case of an active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety that is poorly absorbed after oral administration, it may be necessary to compare the oral dosage form proposed for marketing with the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety administered in solution both orally and intravenously. (e) New formulations of active drug ingredients or therapeutic moieties approved for marketing. (1) The purpose of an in vivo bioavailability study involving a drug product that is a new formulation, a new dosage form, or a new salt or ester of an active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety that has been approved for marketing is to: (i) Determine the bioavailability of the new formulation, new dosage form, or new salt or ester relative to an appropriate reference material; and (ii) Define the pharmacokinetic parameters of the new formulation, new dosage form, or new salt or ester to establish dosage recommendation. (2) The selection of the reference material(s) in such a bioavailability study depends upon the scientific questions to be answered, the data needed to establish comparability to a currently marketed drug product, and the data needed to establish dosage recommendations. (3) The reference material should be taken from a current batch of a drug product that is the subject of an approved new drug application and that contains the same active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, if the new formulation, new dosage form, or new salt or ester is intended to be comparable to or to meet any comparative labeling claims made in relation to the drug product that is the subject of an approved new drug application. (f) Controlled release formulations. (1) The purpose of an in vivo bioavailability study involving a drug product for which a controlled release claim is made is to determine if all of the following conditions are met: (i) The drug product meets the controlled release claims made for it. (ii) The bioavailability profile established for the drug product rules out the occurrence of any dose dumping. (iii) The drug product's steady-state performance is equivalent to a currently marketed noncontrolled release or controlled release drug product that contains the same active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety and that is subject to an approved full new drug application. (iv) The drug product's formulation provides consistent pharmacokinetic performance between individual dosage units. (2) The reference material(s) for such a bioavailability study shall be chosen to permit an appropriate scientific evaluation of the controlled release claims made for the drug product. The reference material shall be one of the following or any combination thereof: (i) A solution or suspension of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety. (ii) A currently marketed noncontrolled release drug product containing the same active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety and administered according to the dosage recommendations in the labeling of the noncontrolled release drug product. (iii) A currently marketed controlled release drug product subject to an approved full new drug application containing the same active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety and administered according to the dosage recommendations in the labeling proposed for the controlled release drug product. (iv) A reference material other than one set forth in paragraph (f)(2) (i), (ii) or (iii) of this section that is appropriate for valid scientific reasons. (g) Combination drug products. (1) Generally, the purpose of an in vivo bioavailability study involving a combination drug product is to determine if the rate and extent of absorption of each active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety in the combination drug product is equivalent to the rate and extent of absorption of each active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety administered concurrently in separate single-ingredient preparations. (2) The reference material in such a bioavailability study should be two or more currently marketed, single-ingredient drug products each of which contains one of the active drug ingredients or therapeutic moieties in the combination drug product. The Food and Drug Administration may, for valid scientific reasons, specify that the reference material shall be a combination drug product that is the subject of an approved new drug application. (3) The Food and Drug Administration may permit a bioavailability study involving a combination drug product to determine the rate and extent of absorption of selected, but not all, active drug ingredients or therapeutic moieties in the combination drug product. The Food and Drug Administration may permit this determination if the pharmacokinetics and the interactions of the active drug ingredients or therapeutic moieties in the combination drug product are well known and the therapeutic activity of the combination drug product is generally recognized to reside in only one of the active drug ingredients or therapeutic moieties, e.g., ampicillin in an ampicillin-probenecid combination drug product. (h) Use of a placebo as the reference material. Where appropriate or where necessary to demonstrate the sensitivity of the test, the reference material in a bioavailability study may be a placebo if: (1) The study measures the therapeutic or acute pharmacological effect of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety; or (2) The study is a clinical trial to establish the safety and effectiveness of the drug product. (i) Standards for test drug product and reference material. (1) Both the drug product to be tested and the reference material, if it is another drug product, shall be shown to meet all compendial or other applicable standards of identity, strength, quality, and purity, including potency and, where applicable, content uniformity, disintegration times, and dissolution rates. (2) Samples of the drug product to be tested shall be manufactured using the same equipment and under the same conditions as those used for full-scale production.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Guiding principles. (1) The basic principle in an in vivo bioavailability study is that no unnecessary human research should be done.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "An in vivo bioavailability study shall not be conducted in humans if an appropriate animal model exists and correlation of results in animals and humans has been demonstrated. If an appropriate animal model does not exist, however, an in vivo bioavailability study shall ordinarily be done in normal adults under standardized conditions.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "In some situations, an in vivo bioavailability study in humans may preferably and more properly be done in suitable patients. Critically ill patients shall not be included in an in vivo bioavailability study unless the attending physician determines that there is a potential benefit to the patient.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Basic design. The basic design of an in vivo bioavailability study is determined by the following:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The scientific questions to be answered.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The nature of the reference material and the dosage form to be tested.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The availability of analytical methods.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "Benefit-risk considerations in regard to testing in humans.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Comparison to a reference material. In vivo bioavailability testing of a drug product shall be in comparison to an appropriate reference material unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Previously unmarketed active drug ingredients or therapeutic moieties. (1) The purpose of an in vivo bioavailability study involving a drug product containing an active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety that has not been approved for marketing is to determine:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The bioavailability of the formulation proposed for marketing; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "The essential pharmacokinetic characteristics of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, such as the rate of absorption, the extent of absorption, the half-life of the therapeutic moiety in vivo, and the rate of excretion and/or metabolism. Dose proportionality of the active drug ingredient or the therapeutic moiety needs to be established after single-dose administration and in certain instances after multiple-dose administration. This characterization is a necessary part of the investigation of the drug to support drug labeling.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The reference material in such a bioavailability study should be a solution or suspension containing the same quantity of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety as the formulation proposed for marketing.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The reference material should be administered by the same route as the formulation proposed for marketing unless an alternative or additional route is necessary to answer the scientific question under study. For example, in the case of an active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety that is poorly absorbed after oral administration, it may be necessary to compare the oral dosage form proposed for marketing with the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety administered in solution both orally and intravenously.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "New formulations of active drug ingredients or therapeutic moieties approved for marketing. (1) The purpose of an in vivo bioavailability study involving a drug product that is a new formulation, a new dosage form, or a new salt or ester of an active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety that has been approved for marketing is to:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Determine the bioavailability of the new formulation, new dosage form, or new salt or ester relative to an appropriate reference material; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "Define the pharmacokinetic parameters of the new formulation, new dosage form, or new salt or ester to establish dosage recommendation.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The selection of the reference material(s) in such a bioavailability study depends upon the scientific questions to be answered, the data needed to establish comparability to a currently marketed drug product, and the data needed to establish dosage recommendations.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The reference material should be taken from a current batch of a drug product that is the subject of an approved new drug application and that contains the same active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, if the new formulation, new dosage form, or new salt or ester is intended to be comparable to or to meet any comparative labeling claims made in relation to the drug product that is the subject of an approved new drug application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "Controlled release formulations. (1) The purpose of an in vivo bioavailability study involving a drug product for which a controlled release claim is made is to determine if all of the following conditions are met:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The drug product meets the controlled release claims made for it.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "The bioavailability profile established for the drug product rules out the occurrence of any dose dumping.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "The drug product's steady-state performance is equivalent to a currently marketed noncontrolled release or controlled release drug product that contains the same active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety and that is subject to an approved full new drug application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "The drug product's formulation provides consistent pharmacokinetic performance between individual dosage units.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The reference material(s) for such a bioavailability study shall be chosen to permit an appropriate scientific evaluation of the controlled release claims made for the drug product. The reference material shall be one of the following or any combination thereof:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "A solution or suspension of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "A currently marketed noncontrolled release drug product containing the same active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety and administered according to the dosage recommendations in the labeling of the noncontrolled release drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "A currently marketed controlled release drug product subject to an approved full new drug application containing the same active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety and administered according to the dosage recommendations in the labeling proposed for the controlled release drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "A reference material other than one set forth in paragraph (f)(2) (i), (ii) or (iii) of this section that is appropriate for valid scientific reasons.", "source": null}, {"label": "(g)", "text": "Combination drug products. (1) Generally, the purpose of an in vivo bioavailability study involving a combination drug product is to determine if the rate and extent of absorption of each active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety in the combination drug product is equivalent to the rate and extent of absorption of each active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety administered concurrently in separate single-ingredient preparations.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The reference material in such a bioavailability study should be two or more currently marketed, single-ingredient drug products each of which contains one of the active drug ingredients or therapeutic moieties in the combination drug product. The Food and Drug Administration may, for valid scientific reasons, specify that the reference material shall be a combination drug product that is the subject of an approved new drug application.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "The Food and Drug Administration may permit a bioavailability study involving a combination drug product to determine the rate and extent of absorption of selected, but not all, active drug ingredients or therapeutic moieties in the combination drug product. The Food and Drug Administration may permit this determination if the pharmacokinetics and the interactions of the active drug ingredients or therapeutic moieties in the combination drug product are well known and the therapeutic activity of the combination drug product is generally recognized to reside in only one of the active drug ingredients or therapeutic moieties, e.g., ampicillin in an ampicillin-probenecid combination drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(h)", "text": "Use of a placebo as the reference material. Where appropriate or where necessary to demonstrate the sensitivity of the test, the reference material in a bioavailability study may be a placebo if:", "source": null}, {"label": "(1)", "text": "The study measures the therapeutic or acute pharmacological effect of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The study is a clinical trial to establish the safety and effectiveness of the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "Standards for test drug product and reference material. (1) Both the drug product to be tested and the reference material, if it is another drug product, shall be shown to meet all compendial or other applicable standards of identity, strength, quality, and purity, including potency and, where applicable, content uniformity, disintegration times, and dissolution rates.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Samples of the drug product to be tested shall be manufactured using the same equipment and under the same conditions as those used for full-scale production.", "source": null}]					(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:320:320.25
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	320	BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE REQUIREMENTS	Subpart B	Procedures for Determining the Bioavailability or Bioequivalence of Drug Products	320.26	Guidelines on the design of a single-dose in vivo bioavailability study.	(a) Basic principles. (1) An in vivo bioavailability study should be a single-dose comparison of the drug product to be tested and the appropriate reference material conducted in normal adults. (2) The test product and the reference material should be administered to subjects in the fasting state, unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons. (b) Study design. (1) A single-dose study should be crossover in design, unless a parallel design or other design is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons, and should provide for a drug elimination period. (2) Unless some other approach is appropriate for valid scientific reasons, the drug elimination period should be either: (i) At least three times the half-life of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), measured in the blood or urine; or (ii) At least three times the half-life of decay of the acute pharmacological effect. (c) Collection of blood samples. (1) When comparison of the test product and the reference material is to be based on blood concentration time curves, unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons, blood samples should be taken with sufficient frequency to permit an estimate of both: (i) The peak concentration in the blood of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), measured; and (ii) The total area under the curve for a time period at least three times the half-life of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), measured. (2) In a study comparing oral dosage forms, the sampling times should be identical. (3) In a study comparing an intravenous dosage form and an oral dosage form, the sampling times should be those needed to describe both: (i) The distribution and elimination phase of the intravenous dosage form; and (ii) The absorption and elimination phase of the oral dosage form. (4) In a study comparing drug delivery systems other than oral or intravenous dosage forms with an appropriate reference standard, the sampling times should be based on valid scientific reasons. (d) Collection of urine samples. When comparison of the test product and the reference material is to be based on cumulative urinary excretion-time curves, unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons, samples of the urine should be collected with sufficient frequency to permit an estimate of the rate and extent of urinary excretion of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), measured. (e) Measurement of an acute pharmacological effect. (1) When comparison of the test product and the reference material is to be based on acute pharmacological effect-time curves, measurements of this effect should be made with sufficient frequency to permit a reasonable estimate of the total area under the curve for a time period at least three times the half-life of decay of the pharmacological effect, unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons. (2) The use of an acute pharmacological effect to determine bioavailability may further require demonstration of dose-related response. In such a case, bioavailability may be determined by comparison of the dose-response curves as well as the total area under the acute pharmacological effect-time curves for any given dose.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Basic principles. (1) An in vivo bioavailability study should be a single-dose comparison of the drug product to be tested and the appropriate reference material conducted in normal adults.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The test product and the reference material should be administered to subjects in the fasting state, unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Study design. (1) A single-dose study should be crossover in design, unless a parallel design or other design is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons, and should provide for a drug elimination period.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Unless some other approach is appropriate for valid scientific reasons, the drug elimination period should be either:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "At least three times the half-life of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), measured in the blood or urine; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "At least three times the half-life of decay of the acute pharmacological effect.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Collection of blood samples. (1) When comparison of the test product and the reference material is to be based on blood concentration time curves, unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons, blood samples should be taken with sufficient frequency to permit an estimate of both:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The peak concentration in the blood of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), measured; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "The total area under the curve for a time period at least three times the half-life of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), measured.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "In a study comparing oral dosage forms, the sampling times should be identical.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "In a study comparing an intravenous dosage form and an oral dosage form, the sampling times should be those needed to describe both:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "The distribution and elimination phase of the intravenous dosage form; and", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "The absorption and elimination phase of the oral dosage form.", "source": null}, {"label": "(4)", "text": "In a study comparing drug delivery systems other than oral or intravenous dosage forms with an appropriate reference standard, the sampling times should be based on valid scientific reasons.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Collection of urine samples. When comparison of the test product and the reference material is to be based on cumulative urinary excretion-time curves, unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons, samples of the urine should be collected with sufficient frequency to permit an estimate of the rate and extent of urinary excretion of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), measured.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Measurement of an acute pharmacological effect. (1) When comparison of the test product and the reference material is to be based on acute pharmacological effect-time curves, measurements of this effect should be made with sufficient frequency to permit a reasonable estimate of the total area under the curve for a time period at least three times the half-life of decay of the pharmacological effect, unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The use of an acute pharmacological effect to determine bioavailability may further require demonstration of dose-related response. In such a case, bioavailability may be determined by comparison of the dose-response curves as well as the total area under the acute pharmacological effect-time curves for any given dose.", "source": null}]					(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:320:320.26
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	320	BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE REQUIREMENTS	Subpart B	Procedures for Determining the Bioavailability or Bioequivalence of Drug Products	320.27	Guidelines on the design of a multiple-dose in vivo bioavailability study.	(a) Basic principles. (1) In selected circumstances it may be necessary for the test product and the reference material to be compared after repeated administration to determine steady-state levels of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety in the body. (2) The test product and the reference material should be administered to subjects in the fasting or nonfasting state, depending upon the conditions reflected in the proposed labeling of the test product. (3) A multiple-dose study may be required to determine the bioavailability of a drug product in the following circumstances: (i) There is a difference in the rate of absorption but not in the extent of absorption. (ii) There is excessive variability in bioavailability from subject to subject. (iii) The concentration of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), in the blood resulting from a single dose is too low for accurate determination by the analytical method. (iv) The drug product is a controlled release dosage form. (b) Study design. (1) A multiple-dose study should be crossover in design, unless a parallel design or other design is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons, and should provide for a drug elimination period if steady-state conditions are not achieved. (2) A multiple-dose study is not required to be of crossover design if the study is to establish dose proportionality under a multiple-dose regimen or to establish the pharmacokinetic profile of a new drug product, a new drug delivery system, or a controlled release dosage form. (3) If a drug elimination period is required, unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons, the drug elimination period should be either: (i) At least five times the half-life of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), measured in the blood or urine; or (ii) At least five times the half-life of decay of the acute pharmacological effect. (c) Achievement of steady-state conditions. Whenever a multiple-dose study is conducted, unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons, sufficient doses of the test product and reference material should be administered in accordance with the labeling to achieve steady-state conditions. (d) Collection of blood or urine samples. (1) Whenever comparison of the test product and the reference material is to be based on blood concentration-time curves at steady-state, sufficient samples of blood should be taken to define adequately the maximum (Cmax) and minimum (Cmin) blood concentrations on 2 or more consecutive days to establish that steady-state conditions are achieved. (2) Whenever comparison of the test product and the reference material is to be based on cumulative urinary excretion-time curves at steady-state, sufficient samples of urine should be taken to define the rate and extent of urinary excretion on 2 or more consecutive days to establish that steady-state conditions are achieved. (3) A more complete characterization of the blood concentration or urinary excretion rate during the absorption and elimination phases of a single dose administered at steady-state is encouraged to permit estimation of the total area under concentration-time curves or cumulative urinary excretion-time curves and to obtain pharmacokinetic information, e.g., half-life or blood clearance, that is essential in preparing adequate labeling for the drug product. (e) Steady-state parameters. (1) In certain instances, e.g., in a study involving a new drug entity, blood clearances at steady-state obtained in a multiple-dose study should be compared to blood clearances obtained in a single-dose study to support adequate dosage recommendations. (2) In a linear system, the area under the blood concentration-time curve during a dosing interval in a multiple-dose steady-state study is directly proportional to the fraction of the dose absorbed and is equal to the corresponding “zero to infinity” area under the curve for a single-dose study. Therefore, when steady-state conditions are achieved, a comparison of blood concentrations during a dosing interval may be used to define the fraction of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety absorbed. (3) Other methods based on valid scientific reasons should be used to determine the bioavailability of a drug product having dose-dependent kinetics (non-linear system). (f) Measurement of an acute pharmacological effect. When comparison of the test product and the reference material is to be based on acute pharmacological effect-time curves, measurements of this effect should be made with sufficient frequency to demonstrate a maximum effect and a lack of significant difference between the test product and the reference material.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "Basic principles. (1) In selected circumstances it may be necessary for the test product and the reference material to be compared after repeated administration to determine steady-state levels of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety in the body.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "The test product and the reference material should be administered to subjects in the fasting or nonfasting state, depending upon the conditions reflected in the proposed labeling of the test product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "A multiple-dose study may be required to determine the bioavailability of a drug product in the following circumstances:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "There is a difference in the rate of absorption but not in the extent of absorption.", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "There is excessive variability in bioavailability from subject to subject.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iii)", "text": "The concentration of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), in the blood resulting from a single dose is too low for accurate determination by the analytical method.", "source": null}, {"label": "(iv)", "text": "The drug product is a controlled release dosage form.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "Study design. (1) A multiple-dose study should be crossover in design, unless a parallel design or other design is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons, and should provide for a drug elimination period if steady-state conditions are not achieved.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "A multiple-dose study is not required to be of crossover design if the study is to establish dose proportionality under a multiple-dose regimen or to establish the pharmacokinetic profile of a new drug product, a new drug delivery system, or a controlled release dosage form.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "If a drug elimination period is required, unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons, the drug elimination period should be either:", "source": null}, {"label": "(i)", "text": "At least five times the half-life of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), measured in the blood or urine; or", "source": null}, {"label": "(ii)", "text": "At least five times the half-life of decay of the acute pharmacological effect.", "source": null}, {"label": "(c)", "text": "Achievement of steady-state conditions. Whenever a multiple-dose study is conducted, unless some other approach is more appropriate for valid scientific reasons, sufficient doses of the test product and reference material should be administered in accordance with the labeling to achieve steady-state conditions.", "source": null}, {"label": "(d)", "text": "Collection of blood or urine samples. (1) Whenever comparison of the test product and the reference material is to be based on blood concentration-time curves at steady-state, sufficient samples of blood should be taken to define adequately the maximum (Cmax) and minimum (Cmin) blood concentrations on 2 or more consecutive days to establish that steady-state conditions are achieved.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "Whenever comparison of the test product and the reference material is to be based on cumulative urinary excretion-time curves at steady-state, sufficient samples of urine should be taken to define the rate and extent of urinary excretion on 2 or more consecutive days to establish that steady-state conditions are achieved.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "A more complete characterization of the blood concentration or urinary excretion rate during the absorption and elimination phases of a single dose administered at steady-state is encouraged to permit estimation of the total area under concentration-time curves or cumulative urinary excretion-time curves and to obtain pharmacokinetic information, e.g., half-life or blood clearance, that is essential in preparing adequate labeling for the drug product.", "source": null}, {"label": "(e)", "text": "Steady-state parameters. (1) In certain instances, e.g., in a study involving a new drug entity, blood clearances at steady-state obtained in a multiple-dose study should be compared to blood clearances obtained in a single-dose study to support adequate dosage recommendations.", "source": null}, {"label": "(2)", "text": "In a linear system, the area under the blood concentration-time curve during a dosing interval in a multiple-dose steady-state study is directly proportional to the fraction of the dose absorbed and is equal to the corresponding “zero to infinity” area under the curve for a single-dose study. Therefore, when steady-state conditions are achieved, a comparison of blood concentrations during a dosing interval may be used to define the fraction of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety absorbed.", "source": null}, {"label": "(3)", "text": "Other methods based on valid scientific reasons should be used to determine the bioavailability of a drug product having dose-dependent kinetics (non-linear system).", "source": null}, {"label": "(f)", "text": "Measurement of an acute pharmacological effect. When comparison of the test product and the reference material is to be based on acute pharmacological effect-time curves, measurements of this effect should be made with sufficient frequency to demonstrate a maximum effect and a lack of significant difference between the test product and the reference material.", "source": null}]					(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:320:320.27
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	320	BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE REQUIREMENTS	Subpart B	Procedures for Determining the Bioavailability or Bioequivalence of Drug Products	320.28	Correlation of bioavailability with an acute pharmacological effect or clinical evidence.	Correlation of in vivo bioavailability data with an acute pharmacological effect or clinical evidence of safety and effectiveness may be required if needed to establish the clinical significance of a special claim, e.g., in the case of a controlled release preparation.	regulation						(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:320:320.28
21	Food and Drugs	I	Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Continued)	D	DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE	320	BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE REQUIREMENTS	Subpart B	Procedures for Determining the Bioavailability or Bioequivalence of Drug Products	320.29	Analytical methods for an in vivo bioavailability study.	(a) The analytical method used in an in vivo bioavailability study to measure the concentration of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), in body fluids or excretory products, or the method used to measure an acute pharmacological effect shall be demonstrated to be accurate and of sufficient sensitivity to measure, with appropriate precision, the actual concentration of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), achieved in the body. (b) When the analytical method is not sensitive enough to measure accurately the concentration of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), in body fluids or excretory products produced by a single dose of the test product, two or more single doses may be given together to produce higher concentration if the requirements of § 320.31 are met.	regulation	[{"label": "(a)", "text": "The analytical method used in an in vivo bioavailability study to measure the concentration of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), in body fluids or excretory products, or the method used to measure an acute pharmacological effect shall be demonstrated to be accurate and of sufficient sensitivity to measure, with appropriate precision, the actual concentration of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), achieved in the body.", "source": null}, {"label": "(b)", "text": "When the analytical method is not sensitive enough to measure accurately the concentration of the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety, or its metabolite(s), in body fluids or excretory products produced by a single dose of the test product, two or more single doses may be given together to produce higher concentration if the requirements of § 320.31 are met.", "source": null}]		§ 320.31			(Revised as of April 1, 1996)	False	False			False	False		CFR	1996	CFR-1996-title21-vol5.xml	https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/CFR/1996/title-21	cfr:1996:21:320:320.29

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