private TransactionProcessingResult processTransaction(
      final BlockHeader header,
      final Blockchain blockchain,
      final WorldUpdater worldUpdater,
      final Transaction transaction,
      final MainnetTransactionProcessor transactionProcessor,
      final OperationTracer tracer,
      final Wei blobGasPrice) {
    return transactionProcessor.processTransaction(
        worldUpdater,
        header,
        transaction,
        header.getCoinbase(),
        tracer,
        blockReplay
            .getProtocolSpec(header)
            .getBlockHashProcessor()
            .createBlockHashLookup(blockchain, header),
        ImmutableTransactionValidationParams.builder().isAllowFutureNonce(true).build(),
        blobGasPrice);
  }
Used to produce debug traces of transactions
ethereum/api/src/main/java/org/hyperledger/besu/ethereum/api/jsonrpc/internal/processor/TransactionTracer.java