juliensimon/swpc-alerts

NOAA SWPC Space Weather Alerts

Credit: NASA

Part of a dataset collection on Hugging Face.

Dataset description

Official space weather alerts from NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center, including alerts, watches, warnings, and summaries covering geomagnetic storms, solar radiation storms, and radio blackouts.

SWPC operates as the United States' official source for space weather forecasts and warnings, analogous to the National Weather Service for terrestrial weather. The alert system follows a structured hierarchy: watches are issued 1-3 days in advance when conditions favor a significant event (e.g., an Earth-directed CME has been observed), warnings indicate that an event is imminent or already in progress, and alerts notify when specific thresholds are exceeded in real-time. Summaries provide post-event documentation.

Each alert references the NOAA scales: G1-G5 for geomagnetic storms (based on Kp), S1-S5 for solar radiation storms (based on >10 MeV proton flux), and R1-R5 for radio blackouts (based on X-ray flare class). The alert messages contain rich unstructured information: analyst assessments of CME morphology, expected arrival windows, confidence levels, affected sectors (HF radio, GPS, power systems, satellite operations, aviation radiation), and references to specific active regions.

From an operational standpoint, these alerts drive real-world responses: satellite operators may postpone maneuvers during geomagnetic storm warnings, airlines reroute polar flights during solar radiation storms to reduce crew radiation exposure, and power grid operators increase reactive power reserves when G3+ storms are forecast.

This dataset is suitable for text classification tasks.

Schema

Column	Type	Description	Sample	Null %
product_id	str	SWPC product code identifying the alert category and threshold (e.g., 'ALTEF3' = electron flux alert level 3, 'WATA20' = geomagnetic activity watch, 'ALTK06' = Kp=6 alert, 'SUMSUD' = summary); encodes both product type and severity level	K05W	0.0%
issue_datetime	datetime64[us]	UTC timestamp when the alert was officially issued by NOAA SWPC	2026-08-28 20:40:30.257000	0.0%
message	str	Full text of the alert as issued, including threshold values, affected systems, and analyst commentary; unstructured plain text suitable for NLP analysis	Space Weather Message Code: WARK05
S...	0.0%
alert_type	str	Derived alert category extracted from product_id and message text: 'ALERT' (real-time threshold exceeded), 'WARNING' (threshold expected to be exceeded within hours), 'WATCH' (significant event possible within 1-3 days), 'SUMMARY' (post-event synopsis), 'OTHER' (miscellaneous products)	WARNING	0.0%

Quick stats

• 68 alerts (2026-08-28 to 2026-09-27)
• By type:
  • ALERT: 33
  • SUMMARY: 2
  • WARNING: 26
  • WATCH: 7

Usage

from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset("juliensimon/swpc-alerts", split="train")
df = ds.to_pandas()

from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset("juliensimon/swpc-alerts", split="train")
df = ds.to_pandas()

# Recent warnings
warnings = df[df["alert_type"] == "WARNING"].sort_values("issue_datetime", ascending=False)
print(warnings[["issue_datetime", "product_id"]].head(10))

# Geomagnetic storm alerts
geo = df[df["message"].str.contains("Geomagnetic Storm", case=False, na=False)]
print(f"Geomagnetic storm alerts: {len(geo)}")

# Alert type distribution
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
df["alert_type"].value_counts().plot(kind="bar")
plt.ylabel("Count")
plt.title("SWPC Alert Types")
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

Data source

https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/

Related datasets

• juliensimon/parker-solar-probe

• juliensimon/solar-orbiter

• juliensimon/cdaw-cme

• juliensimon/feng-icmes

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About the author

Created by Julien Simon — AI Operating Partner at Fortino Capital. Part of the Space Datasets collection.

Citation

@dataset{swpc_alerts,
  title = {NOAA SWPC Space Weather Alerts},
  author = {Simon, Julien},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/swpc-alerts},
  note = {Derived from NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center, https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/},
  publisher = {Hugging Face}
}

License

CC-BY-4.0