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He was a young man.
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1,669,136,943
They took him in the militia to watch black outs.
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1,669,136,943
Once the German planes came they either threw out -- they didn't throw them out, but they let go certain soldiers in parachutes.
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1,669,136,949
His aim, my father's aim, was to watch that a black outs and there were some people who came in there to bomb some bridges.
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1,669,136,956
So my father was there, and my mother was in Warsaw.
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1,669,136,958
Finally, my mother got very lonely or she was afraid that something was going to happen to my father, since he wasn't far, so she took me and we went back to that little city.
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1,669,136,964
Warsaw at that time was not spared, but they did not come yet, the Germans.
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1,669,136,966
So, what happened after this?
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1,669,136,967
I went back with that little city.
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1,669,136,970
My mother stayed with my father, otherwise he was in the Reserves, the Military Reserves, but she watched after him and I was around there and watched after the mill, which we had.
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1,669,136,976
It was still going?
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1,669,136,976
I stayed there.
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1,669,136,977
All of sudden we heard that Warsaw was surrounded, and here my mother and father were very anxious because five children were there.
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1,669,136,980
We heard that the Germans surrounded them and the artillery is going, and there was no food because there were more than a million people in Warsaw.
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1,669,136,983
My father and mother decided that I should go back to Warsaw to help the children.
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1,669,136,985
So, they loaded me up with flour, food, but it was very tough, tough for me.
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You were talking about you were going to take some food?
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1,669,136,988
I had to take some food to help because starvation in Warsaw my mother and father heard about.
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1,669,136,990
And you know, they have four children left helter skeltor in Warsaw in a small room.
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1,669,136,995
So, they loaded me up with all kinds of food and they said, maybe he'll make it even though Warsaw was surrounded.
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1,669,136,997
It was very heavy what they put on, and I remember my father and mother, my mother would say to my father, maybe we'll never see him again.
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1,669,137,000
But I guess the urge to help the children was greater and my father kind of looked at me and probably thought the same way, will I go through it, because there were horses and people on the street massacred, killed on the way to Warsaw.
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1,669,137,149
In other words, out of town the Germans would also throw in a bomb, artillery, bombed it.
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1,669,137,152
Many people would walk through the streets going to Warsaw you would see carnage.
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1,669,137,156
So, my mother kind of kissed me and says who knows if I'll ever see him to my father, and my father clenched his hand and I turned around and I walked.
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1,669,137,195
I never saw them again.
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1,669,137,196
How do you know what happened to them?
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1,669,137,197
Well, I came back from Warsaw, that same day Warsaw capitulated.
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1,669,137,199
I want to tell you first.
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1,669,137,200
I made it into Warsaw.
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1,669,137,201
It was very hard.
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1,669,137,202
It was very hard, but when I came Warsaw was surrounded there was a time they had what you call -- they stopped fighting to collect the dead.
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1,669,137,204
The Germans were fighting the Poles, the Polish Army.
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They were surrounding them and of course, the Polish Army had some fierce resistance.
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However, there was a time when they got the Red Cross or whatever, they arranged a one hour to get the dead out of the way.
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1,669,137,209
Germans and Polish.
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At that time, kids like us could go through.
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1,669,137,213
I made it and somehow when I came to a certain bridge, since they bombarded the bridge with artillery, I had flour in the bag and a piece of shrapnel went in there.
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The flour, we got out of it, but we had other food.
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The flour went on the floor and I made it and I brought it to my brother and sisters, because there was starvation.
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Artillery, there were people killed, burned, fire was all over.
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However, the Poles at that time they put up a tremendous heroic, what do you call it -- heroic resistance.
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1,669,137,233
How old were you at this time?
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,233
I think I remember I was 12 years old.
[]
null
1,584,483,211
-1,962,786,213
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spans_manual
accept
1,669,137,236
How far was the distance between your town and Warsaw’?
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,241
Not far.
[]
null
-245,816,480
1,036,946,830
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spans_manual
accept
1,669,137,242
Did you walk or on a train?
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null
1,126,818,135
-1,317,072,315
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,246
Only walking.
[]
null
-517,342,341
1,807,320,973
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spans_manual
accept
1,669,137,247
How long would it normally take to walk?
[]
null
1,408,806,918
-776,980,457
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spans_manual
accept
1,669,137,247
It didn't take a day, I want you to know, because the carnage on the way was great.
[]
null
370,038,378
1,428,510,187
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,250
The artillery we had to go at midnight.
[]
null
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1,215,954,021
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,252
Somehow I think it took two and half, three days until I made it in.
[]
null
-1,199,213,860
-1,253,830,166
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,253
It was like an inferno.
[]
null
1,088,911,988
711,491,120
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,254
Warsaw was an inferno.
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null
-1,543,740,916
1,426,912,591
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spans_manual
accept
1,669,137,255
Weren't you frightened?
[]
null
-610,184,917
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,256
What do you think?
[]
null
1,886,766,086
-1,916,753,297
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,257
I certainly was frightened.
[]
null
1,144,686,347
115,218,438
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,258
You were a little boy.
[]
null
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,258
I was frightened because there were fires and we never knew running through the street whether the building would collapse.
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spans_manual
accept
1,669,137,266
And on top of it, since I was a little boy, after delivery I was told by the Polish Army, and rightly so, to help dig ditches in case the Germans advance.
[]
null
-1,676,507,174
1,151,522,910
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,278
They called anybody who could do something.
[]
null
-883,878,948
319,149,950
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,279
I was frightened, that's the answer.
[]
null
-747,636,815
1,607,730,748
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,280
When you were carrying all these goods to Warsaw, at this time you were asked to help dig ditches?
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null
-1,251,583,030
1,737,035,956
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,283
I helped do what?
[]
null
977,036,670
1,299,891,771
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,284
The Polish people, the Polish Army dig the ditches?
[]
null
-724,192,640
914,896,244
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,285
The Army in Warsaw was preparing ditches against tanks, in case they advanced so any able bodied, any kid, anybody that could see on the street, they made him come and do it.
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-326,831,023
1,597,786,984
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,300
Were you traveling alone or with people?
[]
null
2,000,577,576
1,742,504,049
[ { "text": "Were", "start": 0, "end": 4, "id": 0, "ws": true }, { "text": "you", "start": 5, "end": 8, "id": 1, "ws": true }, { "text": "traveling", "start": 9, "end": 18, "id": 2, "ws": true }, { "text": "alone", "start": 19, "end":...
spans_manual
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1,669,137,301
A party of one.
[]
null
1,454,827,449
514,773,509
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,302
Tell me a little bit of what happened next, you made it to Warsaw?
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null
-1,405,594,768
1,495,424,004
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,303
Well, there was starvation, and the worst thing there was no water.
[]
null
-83,280,835
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,305
We were hiding in basements.
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null
1,122,796,813
1,971,480,894
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,307
It was really mayhem.
[]
null
-526,800,579
2,007,458,613
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,308
People would stand in line for bread, and artillery would just mow them down and kill them.
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413,153,933
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,311
It was an inferno, fires all over.
[]
null
-108,948,994
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,312
The funny thing, it was during the Jewish holiday, but Jews no matter what it is, what is was, whoever had enough religious upbringing would hide in the underground and have the services.
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731,923,993
1,851,219,275
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,319
Some of them stayed down there and were buried alive by the artillery.
[]
null
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,322
Not just artillery, but planes, where they would just circle the city and fire whoever they saw or just at random at any building.
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-70,695,110
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,331
Did you attend any of these services?
[]
null
1,535,636,030
-1,064,488,585
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1,669,137,332
No, I was impatient.
[]
null
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,332
I would have liked to go back, but somehow -- I had other problems.
[]
null
-653,157,934
1,571,709,210
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,334
We had no water and there was a river and we were all running for water, to drink water.
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,345
That's a very terrible deal when you have no water, and it was also very dangerous because there were not the Germans.
[]
null
22,501,797
1,711,412,941
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,349
At that time they were shooting the people who came for water.
[]
null
-1,415,800,765
1,583,223,006
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,350
So, some of them never came back.
[]
null
1,839,504,699
-1,512,538,928
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1,669,137,351
I was very little.
[]
null
-563,420,025
-1,081,881,480
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,352
Did you see the shooting?
[]
null
929,989,940
1,500,479,482
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,353
Well, certainly.
[]
null
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1,465,043,989
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spans_manual
accept
1,669,137,354
It wasn't shooting especially, it was bombarding, you know from the air.
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,380
I either get trapped or I ran away.
[]
null
-431,121,369
356,646,063
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,381
IfI get trapped, then I wait there.
[]
null
2,137,665,407
700,736,816
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,382
What else can you describe about conditions at that time?
[]
null
-961,244,640
-376,723,175
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,405
Jewish people were very scared at that time.
[]
null
2,048,748,387
1,315,292,139
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1,669,137,406
I think, or I heard that most of the bombardment at that time was directed to the Jewish quarter, most of the bombardment and I guess Jews were very much congregated in one area and the Germans were aware -- in fact they were aware of everything, but this in Warsaw.
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null
-164,944,042
1,756,215,176
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,434
Were you hiding in this Jewish area?
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null
201,082,945
1,747,996,532
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,438
Yes, I was hiding in the Jewish area wherever I could.
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null
-732,700,732
1,621,331,152
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1,669,137,441
Do you have any remembrance of any Polish catholic people you knew at this time.
[]
null
986,384,447
-412,611,608
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,443
Did your relationship with them change or did you separate?
[]
null
-1,928,097,359
1,103,041,013
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spans_manual
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1,669,137,444
I think it was very much -- there were cold sufferers and they used to meet at the river if they get water, and it didn't make at that point in time, it didn't make any difference whether you were Jewish, Polish, catholic.
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null
-429,257,768
-440,743,878
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1,669,137,450
At that point we were all Poles against the Germans.
[]
null
1,448,785,516
671,514,766
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1,669,137,451
I want you to know the Jews were more interested to fight the Germans because they knew that they anticipated bad days.
[]
null
97,861,355
1,189,678,907
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1,669,137,454